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''Erebia pandrose'', the dewy ringlet, is a member of the subfamily
Satyrinae The Satyrinae, the satyrines or satyrids, commonly known as the browns, are a subfamily of the Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies). They were formerly considered a distinct family, Satyridae. This group contains nearly half of the known divers ...
of the family
Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species ha ...
. It is found from the Arctic areas of northern Europe, the
Pyrenees The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. They extend nearly from their union with the Cantabrian Mountains to Cap de Creus on the Mediterranean coast, reaching a maximum elevation of at the peak of Aneto. ...
,
Alps The Alps () are some of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia. ...
, the
Apennine Mountains The Apennines or Apennine Mountains ( ; or Ἀπέννινον ὄρος; or – a singular with plural meaning; )Latin ''Apenninus'' (Greek or ) has the form of an adjective, which would be segmented ''Apenn-inus'', often used with nouns s ...
, the
Carpathian Mountains The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians () are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe and Southeast Europe. Roughly long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Ural Mountains, Urals at and the Scandinav ...
,
Kola Peninsula The Kola Peninsula (; ) is a peninsula in the extreme northwest of Russia, and one of the largest peninsulas of Europe. Constituting the bulk of the territory of Murmansk Oblast, it lies almost completely inside the Arctic Circle and is border ...
and
Kanin Peninsula The Kanin Peninsula () is a large peninsula in Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. Geography It is surrounded by the White Sea to the west and by the Barents Sea to the north and east. Shoyna (also spelled Shoina) is one of the few communities o ...
, part of the Ural and the Altai and
Sayan Mountains The Sayan Mountains (, ; ) are a mountain range in southern Siberia spanning southeastern Russia (Buryatia, Irkutsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Tuva and Khakassia) and northern Mongolia. Before the rapid expansion of the Tsardom of Russia, the mou ...
up to
Mongolia Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and southeast. It covers an area of , with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by po ...
. The
wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the opposite wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingsp ...
is 30–38 mm. The forewing upperside ground colour is brown adorned with an orange postmedian band interspersed by the veins and marked with a line of blind black ocelli. The hind wing upperside has line of discrete orange spots each centered with a blind black ocella . The underside of the forewings is copper orange with a line of blind black ocelli, the hindwing undersides are mottled beige grey and brown with a lighter broad band.


Description in Seitz

''E. lappona'' Esp. (= ''manto'' Frr., ''zilia'' Bkh.) (37 i). Upperside of both wings black-brown, somewhat glossy, the ground-colour of the female lighter, more grey-brown. The forewing with a rather broad russet brown band which does not reach the hindmargin and bears 4 black ocelli without pupils, the 2 upper ones standing close together and being somewhat shifted proximad. The band is not always equally distinct, varying in several directions. The hindwing has 3 - 4 black ocelli in russet -brown rings or is entirely unicolorous without markings. The forewing beneath with the central area russet -brown, the costal and distal margins being dusted with white-grey or bluish white, and the hindmargin black-brown. The ocelli as above, but mostly placed in russet -yellow rings. The hindwing beneath whitish or bluish grey with a median band which is bordered both proximally and distally by a thin brown dentate line. In the female this median band is more or less dusted with brown, the dentate lines being darker and broader and the band therefore more prominent than in the male. Before the distal margin there are 2 or 3 black dots which are sometimes absent. Head, thorax and abdomen black, the last ashy grey beneath. Antenna brown above, grey beneath, with yellow club. In the Pyrenees, Apennines, Alps and Carpathians, mostly only at considerable altitudes. — In ab. ''pollux'' Esp. (= ''dubius'' Fuessl, ''aglauros'' Hbst., ''baucis'' Schk.) the underside is dusted with white-grey, without markings ; singly among the nymotypical form, in Graubunden and in Finmark. — ab. ''castor'' Esp. (= ''pandrose'' Bkh.) has the upperside duller in colour, bearing 2 subapical dots; the very evenly leaden-grey underside of the hindwing is traversed by 2 sharply marked black-brown dentate line. An insignificant aberration, which perhaps flies everywhere in the Alps among nymotypical specimens. — In the form ''sthennyo'' Grasl. which occurs in the Central Pyrenees, the distal band of the forewing is not russet-brown but yellowish red, being proximally but indistinctly or not at all defined. The ocelli bordered with yellow rings above and beneath. — In ab. ''stelviana'' Gumpp. the forewing has no ocelli above. From the Tirolese Alps, but occurs as aberration almost everywhere among nymotypical specimens. — In the northern form ''mantoides'' Btlr. the ocelli of the forewing beneath are contiguous, forming a chain. —The Central -European mountain-form as well as the arctic form, however, vary so much individually that nearly all the aberrational forms occur in both districts. — Larva adult grass-green; head, a dorsal line, lateral macular lines and the spiracles black. Feeds on grass, and contracts like a slug when being touched. In May it changes into an obtuse pupa, which lies free on the ground and has the anterior part of the body green and the abdomen brownish. The butterfly appears according to altitude either in June or August. In the Alps one usually meets with it only from the tree-line up to the snow. It flies especially on stony slopes with a sparse covering of grass and settles by preference on the ground, visiting flowers but rarely. It is very shy and therefore not easy to catch.Eiffinger, G. in Seitz. A. ed. Band 1: Abt. 1, ''Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Tagfalter'', 1909, 379 Seiten, mit 89 kolorierten Tafeln (3470 Figuren) Adults are on wing from June to August. There is one generation per year. The larvae mainly feed on ''
Festuca ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on ...
'', ''
Poa ''Poa'' is a genus of about 570 species of Poaceae, grasses, native to the temperate regions of both hemispheres. Common names include meadow-grass (mainly in Europe and Asia), bluegrass (mainly in North America), tussock (some New Zealand spe ...
'' and ''
Sesleria ''Sesleria'' is a genus of perennial plants in the Poaceae, grass family. They are native to Eurasia and North Africa. They are found in Albania, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Czechoslovakia, East Aegean I ...
'' species.


References

*Bolotov I.N. 2012. The Fauna and Ecology of Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) of the Kanin Peninsula and Kolguev Island. - ''Entomological Review'' 92(3): 296–304.


External links


lepiforum.de"''Erebia'' Dalman, 1816"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''
schmetterlinge-deutschlands.de

Fauna Europaea
{{Taxonbar, from=Q368970 pandrose Butterflies of Europe Butterflies of Asia Insects of the Arctic Butterflies described in 1788 Taxa named by Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen