De Nederlandsche Bank (, , abbr. DNB) is the national central bank for the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

within the

Eurosystem The Eurosystem is the monetary authority of the eurozone, the collective of European Union member states that have adopted the euro as their sole official currency. The European Central Bank (ECB) has, under Article 16 of its Statute,

. It was the Dutch

central bank A central bank, reserve bank, national bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the monetary policy of a country or monetary union. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the mo ...

from 1814 to 1998, issuing the guilder. Since 2014, it has also been the country's national competent authority within

European Banking Supervision European Banking Supervision, also known as the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), is the policy framework for the prudential supervision of banks in the euro area. It is centered on the European Central Bank (ECB), whose supervisory arm is re ...

. It was originally founded by King William I, and has been since transformed into a state-owned

public limited company A public limited company (legally abbreviated to PLC or plc) is a type of public company under United Kingdom company law, some Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth jurisdictions, and Republic of Ireland, Ireland. It is a limited liability co ...

(, abbreviated NV).

History

On 2 May 1998, the European heads of state or government decided that the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) would begin on 1 January 1999 with eleven member states of the European Union (EU), the Netherlands included. As from 1 June 1998, the Dutch central bank, De Nederlandsche Bank, forms part of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). On the same day, the new Bank Act (of 1998) came into force. Nearly 185 years into its existence, the Nederlandsche Bank entered a new phase.

Tasks

Under the 1998 Bank Act – replacing that of 1948 – the bank has the following tasks: * Within the framework of the ESCB, the bank shall contribute to the definition and implementation of monetary policy within the European Community (EC). The bank has the objective to maintain price stability. Without prejudice to this objective, the bank shall support the general economic policy in the EC. * The bank shall hold and manage the official foreign reserves, and shall conduct foreign-exchange operations. * The bank shall collect statistical data and produce statistics. * The bank shall promote the smooth operation of payment systems; it shall take care of the banknote circulation. * The bank shall supervise banks, investment institutions and exchange offices. * The bank may, subject to permission by royal decree, perform other tasks in the public interest. The European Central Bank (ECB) may also ask the bank to perform extra tasks. The first two tasks – also known as the ESCB tasks – ensue entirely from the Maastricht Treaty. Decisions in these areas are taken at the European level by the ECB Governing Council, on which the president of the Nederlandsche Bank has a seat. Promoting the smooth operation of payment systems has both a European and a national dimension. The statistical task is also partly ESCB-related and partly a national concern. The DNB is responsible for international macro-economic statistical analysis for countries outside the EU. These two tasks will not be transferred to ESCB level at the start of EMU. Here the Nederlandsche Bank remains fully in control. However, in a Europe where economies are becoming increasingly interlocked, many banking supervisory rules are drawn up at the international level. DNB serves as the banker's bank to general Dutch banks. One of the government appointed members of the Social-Economic Council is always a representative of DNB.

Head office

The bank was established from the start on , where it occupied 17th-century houses. In the 1860s, a purpose-built head office, designed by architect , was erected on the same location and inaugurated in 1869. Nearly a century later in 1968, as the bank has left the building for its new seat, it was taken over by the

University of Amsterdam The University of Amsterdam (abbreviated as UvA, ) is a public university, public research university located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Established in 1632 by municipal authorities, it is the fourth-oldest academic institution in the Netherlan ...

which had long been established just nearby, and subsequently repurposed as the location of the Allard Pierson Museum, which opened there in October 1976. In the 1960s, a new head office complex was constructed on and inaugurated by

Queen Juliana Juliana (; Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 1909 – 20 March 2004) was List of monarchs of the Netherlands, Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 until her abdication in 1980. Juliana was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Duke ...

in May 1968. Architect 's stark design of 1961 consisted on a low square base and a rectangular office tower. In the late 1980s, as the bank was running out of space, it was complemented with a second, oval tower designed in 1984 by architects and Marc a Campo, whose construction was finished in 1989. In 2008, Marc a Campo designed a further extension by adding an extra floor to the square base. In a comprehensive renovation during the early 2020s, the oval tower was demolished and the base remodeled to return the building to an exterior appearance more similar to the original one of the 1960s. File:De Nederlandsche Bank, Oude Turfmarkt 127-129, met links de kraamkliniek in aanbouw.jpg, DNB head office at time of inauguration, 1869 File:Nederlandsche Bank.jpg, Old head office in 2006, repurposed as Allard Pierson Museum File:Bouw van het nieuwe kantoor van de Nederlandse Bank aan het Frederiksplein vanaf, Bestanddeelnr 915-5861.jpg, Construction works, 1963 File:Overzicht Frederiksplein, Bestanddeelnr 920-2053.jpg, New head office complex, 1967 File:Bouw van de toren van de Nederlandse Bank te Amsterdam, Bestanddeelnr 934-4915.jpg, Construction of oval tower, 1989 File:NederlandscheBank.jpg, Late-1980s extension, photographed in 2004 File:Hekwerk DNB 2018 (2).jpg, Street-level fence, 2018 File:De Nederlandsche Bank (2025), Westeinde side.jpg, De Nederlandsche Bank, after finishing the refurbishment, 2025 File:Zadkine La Demeure Humaine 2025.jpg, La Demeure Humaine by Ossip Zadkine, at the DNB entrance

List of presidents

References

External links

Official website of De Nederlandsche Bank
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Nederlandsche Bank Government-owned companies of the Netherlands Banks based in Amsterdam Skyscrapers in Amsterdam