Nucleic acid methods are the techniques used to study

nucleic acid Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomers made of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two main cl ...

s: DNA and

RNA Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) are nucleic acids. Along with lipids, proteins, and carbohydra ...

Purification

* DNA extraction * Phenol–chloroform extraction * Minicolumn purification * RNA extraction *

Boom method Boom method (aka Boom nucleic acid extraction method) is a solid phase extraction method for isolating nucleic acid from a biological sample. This method is characterized by "absorbing the nucleic acids (NA) to the silica beads". Overview Boom me ...

Synchronous coefficient of drag alteration Synchronous coefficient of drag alteration (SCODA) is a biotechnology method for purifying, separating and/or concentrating bio-molecules. SCODA has the ability to separate molecules whose mobility (or drag) can be altered in sync with a driving fi ...

(SCODA) DNA purification

Quantification

*Abundance in weight: spectroscopic

nucleic acid quantitation In molecular biology, quantitation of nucleic acids is commonly performed to determine the average concentrations of DNA or RNA present in a mixture, as well as their purity. Reactions that use nucleic acids often require particular amounts and ...

*Absolute abundance in number: real-time polymerase chain reaction (quantitative PCR) *High-throughput relative abundance:

DNA microarray A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface. Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously or to ...

*High-throughput absolute abundance: serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) *Size:

gel electrophoresis Gel electrophoresis is a method for separation and analysis of biomacromolecules ( DNA, RNA, proteins, etc.) and their fragments, based on their size and charge. It is used in clinical chemistry to separate proteins by charge or size (IEF ...

Synthesis

*''De novo'': oligonucleotide synthesis *Amplification: polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Kinetics

* Multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance * Dual-polarization interferometry *

Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring Within surface science, a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) is a type of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) based on the ring-down technique. It is used in interfacial acoustic sensing. Its most common application is t ...

(QCM-D)

Gene function

* RNA interference

Other

* Bisulfite sequencing *

DNA sequencing DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is used to determine the order of the four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Th ...

Expression cloning Expression cloning is a technique in DNA cloning that uses expression vectors to generate a library of clones, with each clone expressing one protein. This ''expression library'' is then screened for the property of interest and clones of interes ...

* Fluorescence in situ hybridization * Lab-on-a-chip * Comparison of nucleic acid simulation software * Northern blot *

Nuclear run-on A nuclear run-on assay is conducted to identify the genes that are being transcribed at a certain time point. Approximately one million cell nuclei are isolated and incubated with labeled nucleotides, and genes in the process of being transcribe ...

assay *

Radioactivity in the life sciences Radioactivity is generally used in life sciences for highly sensitive and direct measurements of biological phenomena, and for visualizing the location of biomolecules radiolabelled with a radioisotope. All atoms exist as stable or unstable iso ...

Southern blot A Southern blot is a method used in molecular biology for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. Southern blotting combines transfer of electrophoresis-separated DNA fragments to a filter membrane and subsequent fragment detecti ...

* Differential centrifugation (sucrose gradient) *

Toeprinting assay The toeprinting assay, also known as the primer extension inhibition assay, is a method used in molecular biology that allows one to examine the interactions between messenger RNA and ribosomes or RNA-binding proteins. It is different from the ...

*Several

bioinformatics Bioinformatics () is an interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data, in particular when the data sets are large and complex. As an interdisciplinary field of science, bioinformatics combi ...

methods, as seen in list of RNA structure prediction software

References

External links

Protocols for Recombinant DNA Isolation, Cloning, and Sequencing
{{Molecular biology Genetics techniques Molecular biology Nucleic acids