The 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was one of the most active tropical cyclone season in the North

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approximately 20% of the water area of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia (continent), ...

since

1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for Lunar water, frozen water, in soil i ...

. The season saw 8 depressions and 5 named storms forming in the region. The official

Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre A Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) is responsible for the distribution of information, advisories, and warnings regarding the specific program they have a part of, agreed by consensus at the World Meteorological Organization as ...

in this basin is the

India Meteorological Department India Meteorological Department (IMD) is an Indian agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology. IMD is headquar ...

(IMD), while the

Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...

releases unofficial advisories to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere, east of the

Horn of Africa The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press; 2004), ...

and west of the

Malay Peninsula The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area contains Peninsular Malaysia, Southern Tha ...

. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the

Arabian Sea The Arabian Sea () is a region of sea in the northern Indian Ocean, bounded on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, Gulf of Aden and Guardafui Channel, on the northwest by Gulf of Oman and Iran, on the north by Pakistan, on the east by India, and ...

to the west of the

Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographic region of Asia below the Himalayas which projects into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. It is now divided between Bangladesh, India, and Pakista ...

, abbreviated ''ARB'' and the

Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. Geographically it is positioned between the Indian subcontinent and the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese peninsula, located below the Bengal region. Many South Asian and Southe ...

to the east, abbreviated ''BOB'' by the IMD. __TOC__

Seasonal summary

ImageSize = width:990 height:180 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:4 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/05/2010 till:01/01/2011 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/05/2010 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0,0.52,0.84) legend:Depression_(31–50_km/h) id:DD value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Deep_Depression_(51–62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Cyclonic_Storm_(63–88_km/h) id:ST value:rgb(0.75,1,0.75) legend:Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_(89–117_km/h) id:VS value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Very_Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_(118–165_km/h) id:ES value:rgb(1,0.45,0.54) legend:Extremely_Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_(166–220_km/h) id:SU value:rgb(0.55,0.46,0.9) legend:Super_Cyclonic_Storm_(≥221_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:17/05/2010 till:21/05/2010 color:ST text: Laila (SCS) from:19/05/2010 till:23/05/2010 color:TS text:Bandu (CS) from:30/05/2010 till:07/06/2010 color:VS text: Phet (VS) from:07/10/2010 till:09/10/2010 color:TD text:BOB 02 (D) from:13/10/2010 till:16/10/2010 color:TD text:BOB 03 (DD) from:20/10/2010 till:23/10/2010 color:ES text: Giri (ES) barset:Break from:01/11/2010 till:08/11/2010 color:ST text: Jal (SCS) from:07/12/2010 till:08/12/2010 color:TD text:BOB 06 (D) bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/05/2010 till:01/06/2010 text:May from:01/06/2010 till:01/07/2010 text:June from:01/07/2010 till:01/08/2010 text:July from:01/08/2010 till:01/09/2010 text:August from:01/09/2010 till:01/10/2010 text:September from:01/10/2010 till:01/11/2010 text:October from:01/11/2010 till:01/12/2010 text:November from:01/12/2010 till:01/01/2011 text:December

The season officially started on May 17, 2010, with Cyclone Laila and ended on December 8, 2010. During the season, cyclones Laila,

Phet Phet may refer to: * Cyclone Phet, a cyclone formed in the Arabian Sea in 2010 * Amphetamine Amphetamine (contracted from Alpha and beta carbon, alpha-methylphenethylamine, methylphenethylamine) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant tha ...

, Giri and Jal along with Bandu caused excessive life loss across the

Indian Subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographic region of Asia below the Himalayas which projects into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. It is now divided between Bangladesh, India, and Pakista ...

and the Middle East. This is the only season to have five named storms since the

1998 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 1998 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an active season in annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period ...

. Multiple storms together killed some 402 people wreaking damage worth at least US$2.985 billion. Albeit very active, no tropical storms formed between mid June and early October because of a very strong

southwest monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscil ...

, a weather anomaly that caused the

2010 Pakistan floods The floods in Pakistan began in late July 2010, resulting from heavy monsoon rains in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Punjab (Pakistani province), Punjab and, Balochistan, Pakistan, Balochistan regions of Pakistan, which affected the Indus Riv ...

Systems

Severe Cyclonic Storm Laila

On May 17, the

(IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 01". At that time, the depression was located approximately east-southeast of

Chennai, India Chennai, also known as Madras ( its official name until 1996), is the capital and largest city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost state of India. It is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. According to the 2011 Indian censu ...

. Later that day, the IMD upgraded Depression BOB 01 to a deep depression. That evening, the

(JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 01B. The next morning, the deep depression strengthened further and was upgraded to a cyclonic storm and named "Laila" by the IMD. The storm continued to grow and became a severe cyclonic storm by May 19, it was given a Category 1 tropical cyclone status by the JTWC. Later the same day, it started weakening. On May 21, Laila dissipated completely. The storm made landfall near Bapatla, Guntur District as a tropical storm between 11:00 UTC and 12:00 UTC (16:30–17:30 IST)on May 20.

Cyclonic Storm Bandu

On May 19, the JTWC reported that Tropical Storm 02A had formed. Later that day, the IMD upgraded the system into a depression and designated it "ARB 01". The IMD further upgraded the depression into a deep depression that same evening. Late, May 20, the IMD downgraded ARB 01 to a depression over the coast of Somalia. However, the next day it strengthened again to become Cyclonic Storm Bandu. The storm then weakened and dissipated on May 23. The island of

Abd al Kuri Abd al Kuri () is a rocky island in the Guardafui Channel. As a part of the Socotra Archipelago Governorate of Yemen, it lies about 65 miles (105 km) southwest of the main island of Socotra. Its terrain primarily consists of granite and di ...

in Yemen was hit by the storm causing the death of one girl and destruction of many houses on the island. On May 20 the storm disabled a cargo vessel, MV ''Dubai Moon'', and left it drifting off the Somali coast. Twenty-three crew members were rescued by helicopters from the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...

frigate . The cargo ship later sank.

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Phet

Early on May 30, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported that an area of low pressure had formed about , to the southwest of Mumbai, India. The area of low pressure had loose organized convection developing around the low level circulation center within the monsoon trough. The system was located to the south of a high pressure center anchored over Oman in an area of moderate vertical windshear. On May 31, the

(IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "ARB 02". The IMD further upgraded the depression into a deep depression the next day. JTWC reported the same day that a Tropical Storm had formed. On June 1, IMD upgraded the system into a cyclonic storm and named it "Phet". The storm intensified to a Severe Cyclonic Storm in early hours of June 2. The same day IMD upgraded the storm to a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm. By the 5th, the cyclone had been downgraded to a cyclonic storm by the IMD as it passed over the Gulf of Oman. On the 7th, Phet dissipated completely.

Depression BOB 02

On October 7, the

(IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 02". At that time, the depression was located approximately southeast of

Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam (; List of renamed places in India, formerly known as Vizagapatam, and also referred to as Vizag, Visakha, and Waltair) is the largest and most populous metropolitan city in the States and union territories of India, Indian stat ...

. Later that day, the IMD reported that the system was east of Visakhapatnam. On the same day, the IMD reported that the system moved away from Visakhapatnam and maintained strength. The system was forecast to make landfall between Gopalpur and

Paradip Paradeep, also spelled Paradip (originally Paradweep, also spelled Paradwip), is a major industrial seaport town and municipality, nearly 80 km from Cuttack city, in Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha, India. Paradeep was constituted as an NAC o ...

overnight but the depression made landfall over

late on October 7 instead. On October 8, the IMD reported that the system had weakened slightly. Later on that day, the IMD reported that the depression had further weakened. The storm made its second landfall at

Kolkata Kolkata, also known as Calcutta ( its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of West Bengal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary ...

West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...

, India. Signal 3 cyclone alert was issued at the Maritime ports of

Chittagong Chittagong ( ), officially Chattogram, (, ) (, or ) is the second-largest city in Bangladesh. Home to the Port of Chittagong, it is the busiest port in Bangladesh and the Bay of Bengal. The city is also the business capital of Bangladesh. It ...

Cox's Bazar Cox's Bazar (; ; ) is a city, fishing port, tourism centre, and Cox's Bazar District, district headquarters in south-eastern Bangladesh. Cox's Bazar Beach, one of the most popular tourist attractions in Bangladesh, is the longest uninterrupte ...

and Mongla. The Depression continued to weaken as it moved northwest until it was caught up in the jet stream and completely absorbed by a non-tropical storm early on October 9. 11 people were killed in the submerged coastal areas of Bangladesh on the day when the storm made landfall. Tens of thousands of people were stranded as flooding triggered by the storm surge inundated thousands of homes in the low-lying coastal zone. The heavy rain took the toll further to 17.http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AS_BANGLADESH_RAINS?SITE=VAWAY&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT

Deep Depression BOB 03

On October 13, the

(IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 03". At that time, the depression was located approximately east of

. Late on that day, the IMD reported that the system had further intensified. The IMD upgraded the depression into a deep depression on October 15. The system was forecast to make landfall between Gopalpur and

near

Puri Puri, also known as Jagannath Puri, () is a coastal city and a Nagar Palika, municipality in the state of Odisha in eastern India. It is the district headquarters of Puri district and is situated on the Bay of Bengal, south of the state ca ...

late on that day. Instead, it made landfall very close to Gopalpur. Early on October 16, BOB 03 started weakening. Later on that day, the depression degenerated into a remnant low. The remnants continued to weaken until it dissipated completely that day.

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Giri

On October 19, an area of low pressure formed in the

. During the next day, the

(IMD) upgraded the area of low pressure to a depression giving it the designation "BOB 04". At that time it was located approximately southwest of

Sittwe Sittwe (, ), formerly Akyab (), is the capital of Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma). Sittwe is located on an estuarial island created at the confluence of the Kaladan, Mayu, and Lay Mro rivers emptying into the Bay of Bengal. As of 2019 the cit ...

Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...

. Early on October 21, the IMD upgraded Depression BOB 04 to a deep depression. That day, the

(JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 04B. Later, the deep depression strengthened further and was upgraded to a cyclonic storm and named "Giri" by the IMD. Early on October 22, the IMD upgraded the storm to a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm. The cyclone had intensified to a Category 4 tropical cyclone on the SSHS according to the JTWC. Late on the same day, the IMD reported that the system had grown stronger than

Cyclone Phet Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Phet () was a powerful tropical cyclone that made landfall on Oman, Western India, and Pakistan. The third named cyclone of the 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, 2010 cyclone season, Phet developed in the Arab ...

, becoming the most powerful storm of the season. According to the news, the cyclone made landfall late on October 22, at

Kyaukphyu Kyaukphyu ( ; also spelt Kyaukpyu) is a major town in Rakhine State, in western Myanmar and it is informally addressed to be the second capital of Rakhine State.It is located on the north western corner of Yanbye Island on Combermere Bay, and is ...

Arakan Arakan ( or ; , ), formerly anglicised as Aracan, is the historical geographical name for the northeastern coastal region of the Bay of Bengal, covering present-day Bangladesh and Myanmar. The region was called "Arakan" for centuries. It is ...

. Late on October 22, Giri weakened into a Severe Cyclonic Storm. Early on October 23, Giri further weakened into a Cyclonic Storm. Later the same day, Giri continued to weaken and became a depression. The depression continued to weaken until it decayed into a remnant low late on October 23. Early on October 24, the remnants of Giri were completely absorbed by a non-tropical low near the

Himalayas The Himalayas, or Himalaya ( ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest. More than list of h ...

Severe Cyclonic Storm Jal

On October 12, a disturbance formed in the

South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by South China, in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan island, Taiwan and northwestern Philippines (mainly Luz ...

, just off the eastern coast of

Borneo Borneo () is the List of islands by area, third-largest island in the world, with an area of , and population of 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses). Situated at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, it is one of the Greater Sunda ...

. During the next few days, the system entered the border of the east

and intensified slightly. As soon as the system entered the eastern border of the

on November 1, the IMD immediately upgraded the disturbance into a depression, because the system had already organized itself on October 31, a day before the system entered the IMD's area of responsibility. Later on November 1, the system began showing signs of further, but slow organization, as it continued moving west slowly. on November 2, the

Malaysian Meteorological Department The Malaysian Meteorological Department ( Malay: ''Jabatan Meteorologi Malaysia''; abbreviated as MET Malaysia) is an agency under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability (NRES) which is responsible to provide various ...

(MMD) also issued their first advisory on the system, and simply called it Depression. Later on that day, the IMD reported that the system had weakened into a low-pressure area, but they forecasted it to intensify into a depression soon again. Late on November 3, the

(JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert on the system. Early on November 4, the

(IMD) upgraded the area of low pressure to a depression giving it the designation "BOB 05". That day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 05B. Early on November 5, the IMD upgraded Depression BOB 05 to a deep depression. Later, the deep depression strengthened further, prompting the IMD to upgrade it to a cyclonic storm, and was named "Jal." The storm continued to grow and became a severe cyclonic storm by November 6. Soon afterwards, it was upgraded to a Category 1 Tropical Cyclone by the JTWC. On November 7, Jal started weakening. Soon afterwards, the IMD reported that Jal weakened into a Cyclonic Storm. Later that day, the JTWC downgraded Jal into a Tropical storm. Late on the same day, the IMD reported that the storm weakened into a Deep Depression. As a deep depression, the system made landfall at Chennai, a few hours later. The system continued to weaken and became a depression by early hours of November 8. The depression continued to weaken until it dissipated into a remnant low on the same day. On that very same day the IMD said that there was a possibility of Jal's remnants regenerating over the north east

. As predicted, the system moved into the Arabian Sea without weakening by early November 9. However, instead of crossing the Arabian Sea, the system moved north along the western coast of India, restrengthening slightly, but not enough for it to regenerate completely. Within a few hours, the storm started moving inland, due to the prevailing winds. The system rapidly weakened as it moved farther inland over the next few days, causing severe flooding along the way. Early on November 12, the remnants of Cyclone Jal were completely absorbed by a non-tropical low over the

Depression BOB 06

In early December, a low-pressure area formed over the

. The low-pressure area moved towards the Indian coast and became more well marked. On December 7, the

(IMD) upgraded the area of low pressure to a depression giving it the designation "BOB 06". At that time it was located approximately

south-southwest The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A ''compass rose'' is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each ...

Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (ISO 15919, ISO: , , AP) is a States and union territories of India, state on the East Coast of India, east coast of southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, seventh-largest state and th ...

, India. Until December 8, the depression moved northwestwards and made landfall at

Bapatla Bapatla is a town and district headquarters of Bapatla district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the mandal headquarters of Bapatla mandal of Bapatla revenue division. The nearest towns and cities to Bapatla are ...

, India where it dissipated into a remnant low soon after the landfall.

Season effects

This is a table of all storms in the 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, duration, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), damage, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 2010 USD.

, - ,

Laila Leila (, , ) is a feminine given name primarily found in the Middle East, including all Arab countries, as well as Iran, Turkey, and Israel. In the Latin alphabet, the name is commonly spelled in multiple ways, including Leila, Layla, Laylah, ...

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Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

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Somalia Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. The country is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, th ...

Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...

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Oman Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in West Asia and the Middle East. It shares land borders with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Oman’s coastline ...

, Pakistan, India , , , , , , , - , BOB 02 , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , India,

Bangladesh Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by ...

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Thailand Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...

Yunnan Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 47.2 million (as of 2020). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces ...

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Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...

Andaman Islands The Andaman Islands () are an archipelago, made up of 200 islands, in the northeastern Indian Ocean about southwest off the coasts of Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. Together with the Nicobar Islands to their south, the Andamans serve as a mari ...

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References

External links

India Meteorological Department

Joint Typhoon Warning Center
{{DEFAULTSORT:2010 North Indian Ocean Cyclone Season Articles which contain graphical timelines 2010 NIO