This is a list of

castle A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ...

s in the Eastern

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

and

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

, founded or occupied during the

Crusades The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and at times directed by the Papacy during the Middle Ages. The most prominent of these were the campaigns to the Holy Land aimed at reclaiming Jerusalem and its surrounding t ...

. For crusader castles in

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

and the

Baltic states The Baltic states or the Baltic countries is a geopolitical term encompassing Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. All three countries are members of NATO, the European Union, the Eurozone, and the OECD. The three sovereign states on the eastern co ...

, see

Ordensburg ''Ordensburg'' (plural ''Ordensburgen'') is a German language, German term meaning a "castle of a (military) order". It is used specifically for the fortified structures built by Crusades, crusading German Military order (religious society), m ...

There were two major phases of the deliberate destruction (

slighting Slighting is the deliberate damage of high-status buildings to reduce their value as military, administrative, or social structures. This destruction of property is sometimes extended to the contents of buildings and the surrounding landscape. It ...

) of Crusader castles: in 1187 by Saladin and after 1260 by the Mamluks. The intention was often to prevent the castles being reused by the Crusaders. Of the architecture built by the Crusaders, castles have received more scholarly attention than other forms, such as ecclesiastical architecture.

Crusader states

Geographic location on today's map

Kingdom of Cyprus The Kingdom of Cyprus (; ) was a medieval kingdom of the Crusader states that existed between 1192 and 1489. Initially ruled as an independent Christian kingdom, it was established by the French House of Lusignan after the Third Crusade. I ...

: Island of Cyprus (

north North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating Direction (geometry), direction or geography. Etymology T ...

and

south South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both west and east. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþa ...

) *

County of Edessa The County of Edessa (Latin: ''Comitatus Edessanus'') was a 12th-century Crusader state in Upper Mesopotamia. Its seat was the city of Edessa (modern Şanlıurfa, Turkey). In the late Byzantine period, Edessa became the centre of intellec ...

: south-east

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

Principality of Antioch The Principality of Antioch (; ) was one of the Crusader states created during the First Crusade which included parts of Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) and History of Syria#Medieval era, Syria. The principality was much smaller than the County of ...

: north-west

Syria Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to Syria–Turkey border, the north, Iraq to Iraq–Syria border, t ...

, southern

County of Tripoli The County of Tripoli (1102–1289) was one of the Crusader states. It was founded in the Levant in the modern-day region of Tripoli, Lebanon, Tripoli, northern Lebanon and parts of western Syria. When the Crusades, Frankish Crusaders, mostly O ...

: northern

Lebanon Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south ...

, north-west Syria *

Kingdom of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem, also known as the Crusader Kingdom, was one of the Crusader states established in the Levant immediately after the First Crusade. It lasted for almost two hundred years, from the accession of Godfrey of Bouillon in 1 ...

Lordship of Sidon The Lordship of Sidon (), later County of Sidon, was one of the four major fiefdoms of the Kingdom of Jerusalem,According to the 13th-century writer John of Ibelin one of the Crusader States. However, in reality, it appears to have been much sm ...

: central Lebanon **

Principality of Galilee The principality of Galilee was one of the four major seigneuries of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, according to 13th-century commentator John of Ibelin (jurist), John of Ibelin, grandson of Balian of Ibelin, Balian. The direct holdings of t ...

: northern

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

, southern Lebanon, southwest Syria **

County of Jaffa and Ascalon The double County of Jaffa and Ascalon was one of the four major seigneuries comprising the major Crusader state of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, according to 13th-century commentator John of Ibelin. History Jaffa was fortified by Godfrey of Bo ...

: southern Israel, eastern

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

Lordship of Oultrejordain The Lordship of Transjordan () was one of the principal lordships of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It encompassed an extensive and partly undefined region to the east of the Jordan River, and was centered on the castles of Montreal and Kerak. Geo ...

: south-west

Jordan Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Jordan is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and Israel and the occupied Palestinian ter ...

Crusader castles by modern states

Cyprus

* Buffavento Castle *

Othello Castle Othello Castle (, ), also known as Othello's Tower, is a castle in Famagusta, Northern Cyprus. It was built by the Lusignans in the 14th century, and was later modified by the Venetians. The modern name of the castle comes from a stage note in ...

Kantara Castle Kantara Castle ( ) is a castle in Cyprus, under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus. The exact date of its construction remains unknown, the most plausible theory being the Byzantine period. It combines Byzantine and Frankokratia, Frankish ar ...

Kolossi Castle Kolossi Castle is a former Crusader stronghold on the south-west edge of Kolossi village west of the city of Limassol on the island of Cyprus. It held great strategic importance in the Middle Ages, and contained large facilities for the product ...

Kyrenia Castle Kyrenia Castle ( ) is a 16th-century castle built by the Republic of Venice, Venetians over a previous Crusades, Crusader fortification. Within its walls lies a twelfth-century chapel showing reused late Ancient Rome, Roman capitals, and the Shipwr ...

Larnaca Castle Larnaca Castle (; ) is a castle located on the southern coast of Cyprus. It was constructed to defend the southern coast of Cyprus and the harbour town of Larnaca and was later used as an artillery station, prison, and a museum. History Larnaca ...

Limassol Castle The medieval Limassol Castle (, ) is situated near the old harbour in the heart of the historical centre of the city of Limassol. The castle as it appears today is a structure rebuilt circa 1590 under the period of Ottoman rule. Overview Archaeo ...

Paphos Castle Paphos Castle is located at the western end of the city port. It was originally a Byzantine fortress built to protect the port. Today, the visitor can see the Western Frankish Tower with the Venetian additions as restored by the Ottomans in 1592, a ...

* St. Hilarion Castle

Egypt

* Castle of Saladin, Pharaoh's Island

Greece

The Grandmasters Palace of the Knights Hospitaller of St. John on Rhodes * Platamon Castle * Kastellorizo Castle * Halki Castle * Kos Castle *

Amfissa Amphissa ( ) is a town in Phocis, Greece, part of the municipality of Delphi, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 315.174 km2. It lies on the northern edge of the olive forest of the Crissaean plai ...

Castle *

Leros Leros (), also called Lero (from the Italian language), is a Greek island and municipality in the Dodecanese in the southern Aegean Sea. It lies from Athens's port of Piraeus, from which it can be reached by a nine-hour ferry ride or by a 45-min ...

island castle *

Corfu Corfu ( , ) or Kerkyra (, ) is a Greece, Greek island in the Ionian Sea, of the Ionian Islands; including its Greek islands, small satellite islands, it forms the margin of Greece's northwestern frontier. The island is part of the Corfu (regio ...

castles

Israel, Palestine and Golan Heights

* Acre (Akko) – fortified city * Aqua Bella, now Ein Hemed – Crusader fortified farm; national park * Arsuf, also known as Arsur or Apollonia – fortified city and citadel, stronghold of the Lordship of Arsuf;

national park A national park is a nature park designated for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes because of unparalleled national natural, historic, or cultural significance. It is an area of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that is protecte ...

Ashkelon Ashkelon ( ; , ; ) or Ashqelon, is a coastal city in the Southern District (Israel), Southern District of Israel on the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast, south of Tel Aviv, and north of the border with the Gaza Strip. The modern city i ...

– fortified city * Belinas –

Banias Banias (; ; Judeo-Aramaic, Medieval Hebrew: , etc.; ), also spelled Banyas, is a site in the Golan Heights near a natural spring, once associated with the Greek god Pan. It had been inhabited for 2,000 years, until its Syrian population fle ...

; fortified town * Belmont – ruins of Crusader castle in Kibbutz Tzova * Belveer – Crusader castle of which no traces remain; national park *

Belvoir Castle Belvoir Castle ( ) is a faux historic castle and stately home in Leicestershire, England, situated west of the town of Grantham and northeast of Melton Mowbray. A castle was first built on the site immediately after the Norman Conquest of 10 ...

; Kochav HaYarden National Park * Bet Shean – castle ruins next to ancient town, stronghold of the Lordship of Bethsan. Second castle on the tell. * Beth Gibelin at

Eleutheropolis Bayt Jibrin or Beit Jibrin ( lit. 'House of the Powerful') was an Arab village in the Hebron Subdistrict of British Mandatory Palestine, in what is today the State of Israel, which was depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. It was ...

– castle ruins next to ancient town, stronghold of the Lordship of Beth Gibelin; national park * Beit Itab * Bethaatap, Arabic: Bayt 'Itab – fortified manor (''maison forte'') * Blanchegarde at Tell es-Safi – castle, seat of a lordship at biblical tell * Caco or Cacho Castle,

Qaqun Qaqun () was a Palestinian Arab village located northwest of the city of Tulkarm at the only entrance to Mount Nablus from the coastal Sharon plain. Evidence of organized settlement in Qaqun dates back to the period of Assyrian rule in th ...

; rebuilt by Baybars; national park * Caesarea (Maritima), stronghold of the Lordship of Caesarea – fortified port city; national park *

Cafarlet Cafarlet or Capharleth ( Crusader name) or Kafr Lam (Arabic name) is an Early Muslim coastal fortress of the Roman castrum type. Today it is located inside Moshav HaBonim, Israel, on lands of the now abandoned Arab village of Kafr Lam. It wa ...

(Hebrew: HaBonim, Arabic: Kafr Lam) – ruins of

Umayyad The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (, ; ) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Uthman ibn Affan, the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a membe ...

fort reused by the Crusaders * Calansue, Hospitaller castle * Casal Imbert – at

Achziv Achziv ( ''ʾAḵzīḇ'') or Az-Zeeb () is an ancient site on the Mediterranean coast of northern Israel, between the border with Lebanon and the city of Acre. It is located north of Acre on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, within the mun ...

(formerly

Az-Zeeb Achziv ( ''ʾAḵzīḇ'') or Az-Zeeb () is an ancient site on the Mediterranean coast of northern Israel, between the border with Lebanon and the city of Acre. It is located north of Acre on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, within the mun ...

until 1948) – Crusader "new town" with tower; nothing discernible at present * Casel des Plains –

Azor Azor () is a local council (Israel), local council in the Tel Aviv District of Israel, on the old Jaffa-Jerusalem road southeast of Tel Aviv. Established in 1948, Azor was granted local council status in 1951. In it had a population of , and ha ...

; ruins of Crusader tower; inside town * Castellum Beleismum – tower on biblical

Tel Dothan Dothan (Hebrew language, Hebrew: ) (also Dotan) was a location mentioned twice in the Hebrew Bible. It has been identified with Tel Dothan (), also known as Tel al-Hafireh, located adjacent to the Palestinian people, Palestinian town of Bir al-Bas ...

* Castellum Beroart – the Minat al-Qal'a Umayyad fort reused by the Crusaders; at

Ashdod Ashdod (, ; , , or ; Philistine language, Philistine: , romanized: *''ʾašdūd'') is the List of Israeli cities, sixth-largest city in Israel. Located in the country's Southern District (Israel), Southern District, it lies on the Mediterranean ...

* Castellum Regis; castle, now inside village of

Mi'ilya Mi'ilya (, ), also called Mi'elya, is an Arab local council in the western Galilee in the Northern District of Israel. Its name during the Kingdom of Jerusalem era in Galilee was Castellum Regis. In it had a population of , all of whom are M ...

* Caymont at

Tel Yokneam Tel Yokneam, also spelled Yoqne'am or Jokneam (), is an archaeological site located in the northern part of the modern city of Yokneam Illit, Israel. It is known in Arabic as Tell Qamun (), believed to be a corruption of the Hebrew name. The site ...

, seat of lordship * Chastel Hernaut or Arnoul, Latin: Castellum Arnaldi – castle at

Yalu The Yalu River () or Amnok River () is a river on the border between China and North Korea. Together with the Tumen River to its east, and a small portion of Paektu Mountain, the Yalu forms the border between China and North Korea. Its valley ...

* Chastel Neuf or Castellum Novum outside

Margaliot Margaliot () is a moshav in northern Israel. Located along the border with Lebanon in the Upper Galilee, near the town of Kiryat Shmona, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council. In it had a population of . Etymo ...

, castle, rebuilt in Ottoman time (Qal'at Hunin) *

Chastelet Chastelet was a castle located beside Jacob's Ford, a ford of the upper Jordan River in Israel. The castle was built during the Crusades by the Knights Templar and the forces of the Kingdom of Jerusalem but was destroyed by the army of Saladin in ...

, castle ruin by

Jacob's Ford The Daughters of Jacob Bridge (, ) is a bridge that spans the last natural ford (river), ford of the Jordan River between the Ramat Korazim, Korazim Plateau in northern Israel and the Golan Heights. The area has been used as a crossing point fo ...

: see

Battle of Jacob's Ford The siege of Jacob's Ford was a victory of the Muslim Sultan Saladin over the Christian King of Jerusalem, Baldwin IV. It occurred in August 1179, when Saladin conquered and destroyed Chastelet, a new border castle built by the Knights Temp ...

; also known as Vadum Iacob, le Chastelez, Ateret, Qasr al-'Atra * Castellum Rogerii Langobardi – castle at

Umm Khalid Umm Khalid (), also called Mukhalid, was a Palestinian people, Palestinian village in the Tulkarm Subdistrict, west of Tulkarm. It was an ancient site in the central coastline of what is now the city of Netanya, Israel. History Archaeological ...

/ Netaniya *

Château Pèlerin Château Pèlerin (Old French: Chastel Pelerin; ), also known as Atlit and Magdiel, is a Crusades, Crusader fortress and fortified town located about north of the modern Israeli town of Atlit (modern town), Atlit on the northern coast of Israel, ...

, also known as Atlit Castle and Castle Pilgrim; off-reach military base *

Citadel of Safed The Citadel of Safed is a now-defunct fortress castle situated on the peak of the mountain housing the modern city of Safed. Furthermore, fortifications existed during the late period of the Second Temple period, Second Temple as well as the Roma ...

, fortress from the Second Temple/Roman period, major administrative center. * Destroit, Le, near

Atlit Atlit or Athlit may refer to: Places * Atlit, an historical fortified town in Israel, also known as Château Pèlerin * Atlit (modern town), a nearby town in Israel Media *Athlit (album), ''Athlit'' (album), an ambient music album by Oöphoi *Atli ...

* Forbelet Castle at

Taibe, Galilee Taibe (; ), meaning "The goodly", or colloquially al-Tayiba al-Zu'biyya (الطيبة الزعبية) after its main clan, is a Muslim Arab village in northeastern Israel on the Issachar Plateau. It falls under the jurisdiction of Gilboa Region ...

; battle site near the Hospitaller castle * Givat Titora, castle ruins * Ibelin, near

Yavne Yavne () is a city in the Central District (Israel), Central District of Israel. In 2022, it had a population of 56,232. Modern Yavne was established in 1949. It is located near the ruins of the ancient town of Yibna (known also as Jamnia and Jab ...

Jaffa Jaffa (, ; , ), also called Japho, Joppa or Joppe in English, is an ancient Levantine Sea, Levantine port city which is part of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel, located in its southern part. The city sits atop a naturally elevated outcrop on ...

, fortified port town * Judin Castle at

Khirbat Jiddin Khirbat Jiddin (), known in the Kingdom of Jerusalem as Judin, was an Ottoman fortress in the western Upper Galilee, originally built by the Teutonic Order after 1220 as a crusader castle, 16 km northeast of the city of Acre, which at the ...

Yehiam Yehiam () is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located at the western Upper Galilee, eight miles east of the coastal town of Nahariya and 14 miles south-east of the border with Lebanon it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Asher Regional Council. I ...

Fortress – Crusader castle, rebuilt in the 18th century; national park *

Latrun Latrun (, ''Latrun''; , ''al-Latrun'') is a strategic hilltop in the Latrun salient in the Ayalon Valley. It overlooks the road between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, 25 kilometers west of Jerusalem and 14 kilometers southeast of Ramla. It was the si ...

, ruins of Toron des Chevaliers castle * Kastel, on a hilltop next to Mevasseret, by the main Jerusalem Tel Aviv road * Merle - fortified enclosure, Arabic name: Burj al-Habis and Qal'at al-Tantura, at Dor/

Tantura Tantura (, ''al-Tantura'', lit. ''The Peak''; Hebrew and Phoenician: דור, ''Dor'') was a Palestinian Arab fishing village located northwest of Zikhron Ya'akov on the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Near the village lie the ruins of the anci ...

Mirabel Mirabel, Mirabelle or Mirabell may refer to: *Mirabel (name), a female given name Places Austria *Mirabell Palace, in Salzburg Canada *Mirabel, Quebec, a city northwest of Montreal *Montréal–Mirabel International Airport in Quebec *Mirabel ( ...

, in Hebrew: Migdal Tsedek, stronghold of the Lordship of Mirabel * Montfort; inside national park * Qula, Crusader tower and a vaulted structure *

Ramla Ramla (), also known as Ramle (, ), is a city in the Central District of Israel. Ramle is one of Israel's mixed cities, with significant numbers of both Jews and Arabs. The city was founded in the early 8th century CE by the Umayyad caliph S ...

, stronghold of the

Lordship of Ramla The Lordship of Ramla was one of the lordships in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was vassal to and part of the County of Jaffa and Ascalon. History During the First Crusade, Ramla was abandoned by its Muslim inhabitants, as it lacked the defense ...

* Saforie, le or

Sepphoris Sepphoris ( ; ), known in Arabic as Saffuriya ( ) and in Hebrew as Tzipori ( ''Ṣīppōrī'')Palmer (1881), p115/ref> is an archaeological site and former Palestinian village located in the central Galilee region of Israel, north-northwe ...

(Latin), Saffuriya (Arabic): tower; national park *

Tel Hanaton Tel Hanaton (; ) is an Archaeology, archaeological Tell (archaeology), tell situated at the western edge of the Beit Netofa Valley, in the western Lower Galilee region of Israel, 2 km south of the Town of Kfar Manda and 1 km northeast of the kibb ...

– fortified farm *

Tiberias Tiberias ( ; , ; ) is a city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee in northern Israel. A major Jewish center during Late Antiquity, it has been considered since the 16th century one of Judaism's Four Holy Cities, along with Jerusalem, Heb ...

– fortified Crusader city immediately north of abandoned city established in Roman times; on the shore of the

Sea of Galilee The Sea of Galilee (, Judeo-Aramaic languages, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, ), also called Lake Tiberias, Genezareth Lake or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel. It is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth ...

* Tour Rouge or Turris Rubea at Burgata – Arabic: Burj al-Ahmar, Hebrew: Hurvat Burgata *

Tower of David The Tower of David (), also known as the Citadel (), is an ancient citadel and contemporary museum, located near the Jaffa Gate entrance to the Old City of Jerusalem, Old City of Jerusalem. The citadel that stands today dates to the Mamluk Sult ...

– the citadel of Jerusalem * Turris Salinarum at Tel Taninim – Crusader tower, the only remains of the castle

Jordan

Kerak Castle Kerak Castle () is a large medieval castle located in al-Karak, Jordan. It is one of the largest castles in the Levant. Construction began in the 1140s, under Pagan the Butler, Pagan and Fulk, King of Jerusalem. The Crusaders called it ''Crac de ...

Montreal Montreal is the List of towns in Quebec, largest city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Quebec, the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, second-largest in Canada, and the List of North American cit ...

Tafilah Tafilah (, ), also spelled Tafila, is a city with a population of 27,559 people in southwestern Jordan, located southwest of Amman. It is the capital of Tafilah Governorate. It is well known for having green gardens which contain olive and fig ...

* Vaux Moise (Wu'ayra in Arabic) near Petra

Doubtful proposals

Aqaba Aqaba ( , ; , ) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba. Situated in southernmost Jordan, Aqaba is the administrative center of the Aqaba Governorate. The city had a population of 148, ...

– doubtful, no traces found; castle on Ile de Graye might have been meant instead * Diban Castle * Hisban Crusader Castle

Discarded proposals

* Jarash: the

Temple of Artemis The Temple of Artemis or Artemision (; ), also known as the Temple of Diana, was a Greek temple dedicated to an ancient, localised form of the goddess Artemis (equated with the Religion in ancient Rome, Roman goddess Diana (mythology), Diana) ...

was reused as a castle by the Damascenes and destroyed by Baldwin II of Jerusalem, was therefore not used by the Crusaders.

Lebanon

Arqa Arqa (; ) is a Lebanese village near Miniara in Akkar Governorate, Lebanon, 22 km northeast of Tripoli, near the coast. The town was a notable city-state during the Iron Age. The city of ''Irqata'' sent 10,000 soldiers to the coalition a ...

Batroun Batroun ( ';, ancient Botrys (), is a coastal city in northern Lebanon and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It is the capital city of Batroun District. The main Political Party of this city is the Free patriotic ...

* Beaufort Castle * Beirut Castle, demolished in the late 19th century * Belhacem, * Byblos Castle *

Citadel of Raymond de Saint-Gilles The Citadel of Tripoli ( ) is a 12th-century fortress in Tripoli, Lebanon. It was built at the top of a hill "during the initial Frankish siege of the city between 1102 and 1109" on the orders of Raymond de Saint-Gilles, who baptized it the Cas ...

* Doubiye Castle *

Gibelacar Gibelacar (), also known by its original Arabic name Hisn Ibn Akkar () or its modern Arabic name Qal'at Akkar (), is a fortress in the village of Akkar al-Atiqa in the Akkar Governorate in northern Lebanon. The fortress dates back to the Fatimid e ...

* Coliath * Deir Kifa Castle * Hasbaya Castle * Moinetre *

Mseilha Fort The Mseilha Fort () is a historic fortification located in North Lebanon, Northern Lebanon, strategically positioned on the right bank of the Al-Jaouz River, in Hamat, approximately 2.5 kilometers northeast of the city of Batroun in North Lebano ...

Nephin Nephin or Nefin (), at 806 metres (2646 ft), is the highest standalone mountain in Ireland and the second-highest peak in Connacht (after Mweelrea). It is to the west of Lough Conn in County Mayo. Location It lies in the centre of Gl ...

* Saint Louis Castle – Sidon Land Castle *

Scandelion Castle The Scandelion Castle was built by the Crusaders in what is today South Lebanon in 1116, during the reign of Baldwin I of Jerusalem Baldwin I (1060s – 2 April 1118) was the first count of Edessa from 1098 to 1100 and king of Jerusalem from 1 ...

Sidon Sea Castle Sidon's Sea Castle () was built by the crusaders in the thirteenth century as a fortress of the Holy Land. It is one of the most prominent historical sites in the port city of Sidon, Lebanon. History The city of Sidon is located on the Mediterran ...

, stronghold of the Lordship of Toron *

Toron Toron, now Tibnin or Tebnine in southern Lebanon, was a major Crusader castle, built in the Lebanon mountains on the road from Tyre to Damascus. The castle was the centre of the Lordship of Toron, a seigneury within the Kingdom of Jerusa ...

, stronghold of the Lordship of Toron

Israel - Palestinian autonomy

* Castrum Sancti Helie (Castle of St. Elias) - castle ruins at Taybeh * Cisterna Rubea or Maldoim, Templar castle

Syria

* Areimeh Castle, *

Baniyas Baniyas ( ') is a Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coastal city in Tartous Governorate, western Syria, located south of Latakia and north of Tartous. It is known for its citrus fruit orchards and its export of wood. North of the city is an B ...

* Bourzey castle *

Burj al-Sabi Burj (, ''tower'', derived from either Middle Persian "burg" or Greek loan-word "pyrgos"), el-Burj, Al Burj, may refer to: Places India * Burj Kaila, a village in Jalandhar district, Punjab, India * Burj Pukhta, a village in Jalandhar district, Pu ...

, near Adimeh, *

Chastel Blanc Chastel Blanc (, Burj Safita or Safita Tower) is a medieval structure in Safita, western Syria. It was built by the Knights Templar during the Crusades upon prior fortifications. Located on the middle hill of Safita's three hills, it offers a com ...

Chastel Rouge Chastel Rouge, also called Qal’at Yahmur (, Castle of Yahmur), is a small Crusader stronghold in the North West of Syria that belonged to the County of Tripoli. It is also identified as Castrum Rubrum mentioned in Latin texts. The castle stands ...

Krak des Chevaliers Krak des Chevaliers (; , ; or , ; from , ) is a medieval castle in Syria and one of the most important preserved medieval castles in the world. The site was first inhabited in the 11th century by Kurds, Kurdish troops garrisoned there by ...

* Maraclea *

Margat Margat, also known as Marqab (), is a castle near Baniyas, Syria, which was a Crusader fortress and one of the major strongholds of the Knights Hospitaller. It is located around from the Mediterranean coast and approximately south of Baniyas. ...

, also known as Marqab * Masyaf Castle * Montferrand *

Nimrod Fortress The Nimrod Fortress or Nimrod Castle ( ''Qal'at al-Subeiba'', "Castle of the Large Cliff", later ''Qal'at Namrud'', "Nimrod's Castle"; , ''Mivtzar Nimrod'', "Nimrod's Fortress") is a castle built by the Ayyubid dynasty, Ayyubids and greatly en ...

, Arabic names Qal'at Nimrud and Qal'at as-Subayba;

Ayyubid The Ayyubid dynasty (), also known as the Ayyubid Sultanate, was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultan of Egypt, Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimid Caliphate of Egyp ...

castle expanded by

Baibars Al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baybars al-Bunduqdari (; 1223/1228 – 1 July 1277), commonly known as Baibars or Baybars () and nicknamed Abu al-Futuh (, ), was the fourth Mamluk sultan of Egypt and Syria, of Turkic Kipchak origin, in the Ba ...

, built to protect the road to Damascus from Crusaders and Muslim rivals; however, a Crusader phase now seems again as proven, based on masonry and construction style of inner parts. * Qadmous * Rouad * Saladdin Castle, Crusader name: Saône * Sarmada * Qalaat al-Shaghur *

Citadel of Tartus The Citadel of Tartus () is a historic building now mostly a residential area by the Mediterranean Sea in Tartus, Syria. It was one of the most important fortresses in the county of Tripoli. History During the First Crusade, the crusaders besieg ...

and

Cathedral of Our Lady of Tortosa The Cathedral of Our Lady of Tortosa () was a Catholic cathedral in the city of Tartus, Syria. Erected during the 12th century, it has been described by historians as "the best-preserved religious structure of the Crusades."Setton, Zacour and ...

Discarded proposals

* Qasr Bardawil, wrongly identified for a while as the Castle of al-Al

Turkey

Anavarza Castle Anvarza Castle is an ancient castle in Adana Province, Turkey. Geography The castle lies to the east of Dilekkaya village of Kozan district. Visitors follow Turkish state highway D.400 and the highway to north for and turn to east for . Alth ...

Antioch Antioch on the Orontes (; , ) "Antioch on Daphne"; or "Antioch the Great"; ; ; ; ; ; ; . was a Hellenistic Greek city founded by Seleucus I Nicator in 300 BC. One of the most important Greek cities of the Hellenistic period, it served as ...

Amouda The castle of Amouda Crusader castle, formerly in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, and today close to the village of Gökçedam in the Turkish Province of Osmaniye. The castle was deeded by the Armenian king Levon I to the Teutonic Knights i ...

*Ayasuluk Castle,

Selçuk Selçuk is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 317 km2, and its population is 38,151 (2022). The town Selçuk is located northeast of the ancient city of Ephesus, that was once home to the Temple of Artemis, o ...

Bagras Bagras or Baghrās, ancient Pagrae (; ), is a town and its nearby castle in the İskenderun district of Turkey, in the Amanus Mountains. Strabo's ''Geographica'' mentions it as being on the borders of Gindarus, "a natural stronghold" leading to ...

* Cursat, * Geben * Haruniye *

Kızkalesi Kızkalesi () is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Erdemli, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,781 (2022). Before the 2013 Turkish local government reorganisation, 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (''belde''). The to ...

* Namrun Kalesi (Lampron) *

Rumkale Rumkale (; ) is a ruined fortress on the Euphrates, located in the province of Gaziantep and 50 km west of Şanlıurfa. Although Rumkale is sometimes linked with places mentioned in ancient sources, the foundations of the structure can be tr ...

* Ravendel, *

Servantikar Sarvandikar (), also spelled ''Sarvanda k'ar'' (). It was the Frankish castle of ''Savranda'' and is officially known today as Savranda Kalesi. The site is a medieval castle in the former Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, located in Turkey's Osmani ...

Silifke Castle Silifke Castle () is a medieval castle in Turkey. Geography The castle is in Silifke district of Mersin Province. It is situated to the west of Silifke city center, to the south of Göksu River (''Calydanus'' of the antiquity) and to the north o ...

* Tece * Tokmar Castle * T‛il Hamtun *

Trapessac Trapessac () is a medieval fortress located 4 km north of the town of Kırıkhan in Hatay Province, Turkey. Trapessac was constructed in the 12th century by the Knights Templar and, together with the nearby fortress at Bagras, guarded the Syria ...

, * Dumlu Kalesi,Tumlu
/ref> * Yaka Castle

References

Bibliography

* {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Crusader Castles

Crusader Crusader or Crusaders may refer to: Military * Crusader, a participant in one of the Crusades * Convair NB-36H Crusader, an experimental nuclear-powered bomber * Crusader tank, a British cruiser tank of World War II * Crusaders (guerrilla), a C ...

Crusader states

Geographic location on today's map

Crusader castles by modern states

Cyprus

Egypt

Greece

Israel, Palestine and Golan Heights

Jordan

Doubtful proposals

Discarded proposals

Lebanon

Israel - Palestinian autonomy

Syria

Discarded proposals

Turkey

See also

References

Bibliography