The Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative (CFDI) is a strategy and list, maintained by the United States

Department of Homeland Security The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for public security, roughly comparable to the interior, home, or public security ministries in other countries. Its missions invol ...

, of foreign infrastructure which "if attacked or destroyed would critically impact the U.S." A copy of the 2008 list was redacted (removing details of names and locations) and leaked by

WikiLeaks WikiLeaks () is a non-profit media organisation and publisher of leaked documents. It is funded by donations and media partnerships. It has published classified documents and other media provided by anonymous sources. It was founded in 2006 by ...

on 5 December 2010 as part of the website's leak of US diplomatic cables; no details on the exact location of the assets was included in the list. In September 2011, WikiLeaks published the unredacted copy of the list. The list's release was met with strong criticism from the US and British governments, while media and other countries have reacted less strongly saying that the entries are not secret and easily identified.

Overview

According to the

(DHS), it "Developed and executed the Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative (CFDI) which extends our protection strategy overseas to include important foreign infrastructure that if attacked or destroyed would critically impact the U.S. The prioritized National Critical Foreign Dependencies List (NCFDL) currently contains over 300 assets and systems in over 50 countries." According to the 2009 National Infrastructure Protection Plan, the CFDI was launched by the federal government "working in close coordination and cooperation with the private sector" in 2007 "to identify assets and systems located outside the United States, which, if disrupted or destroyed, would critically affect public health and safety, the economy, or national security. The resulting strategic compendium guides engagement with foreign countries in the CIKR ritical infrastructure and key resourcesprotection mission area". Using an initial inventory of infrastructure located outside the United States created by the federal government, DHS and the

Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs ...

(DOS) developed the CFDI, "a process designed to ensure that the resulting classified list of critical foreign dependencies is representative and leveraged in a coordinated and inclusive manner." Development of the CFDI was planned in three phases, on an annual and ongoing basis. The first phase was identification, beginning with "the first-ever National Critical Foreign Dependencies List in FY2008". This was done by the DHS working with "other Federal partners", in a process that "includes input from public and private sector CIKR community partners." Next comes prioritization, in which "DHS, in collaboration with other CIKR community partners and, in particular, DOS, prioritized the National Critical Foreign Dependencies List based on factors such as the overall criticality of the CIKR to the United States and the willingness and capability of foreign partners to engage in collaborative risk management activities." The third "involves leveraging the prioritized list to guide current and future U.S. bilateral and multilateral incident and risk management activities with foreign partners. DHS and DOS established mechanisms to ensure coordinated engagement and collaboration by public entities, in partnership with the private sector."

Disclosure

The "2008 Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative (CFDI) list" was contained in a February 2009 diplomatic cable to the U.S. Secretary of State,

Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton ( Rodham; born October 26, 1947) is an American politician, lawyer and diplomat. She was the 67th United States secretary of state in the administration of Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013, a U.S. senator represent ...

, which was leaked, redacted and released in the

United States diplomatic cables leak An incident, commonly referred to as Cablegate, began on 28 November 2010 when WikiLeaks began releasing classified cables that had been sent to the U.S. State Department by 274 of its consulates, embassies, and diplomatic missions around ...

in 2010. The BBC described it as "one of the most sensitive" leaks as of 6 December 2010. In its redaction process, WikiLeaks removed only a minority of the details of names and locations, and left the rest uncensored; details of the exact location of the assets were not included in the list. In September 2011, WikiLeaks published the unredacted copy of the list. The list did not include any military facilities, but rather facilities important for the global supply chain, global communications, and economically important goods and services. In the cable the State Department asked American diplomats to identify installations overseas "whose loss could critically impact the public health, economic security, and/or national and homeland security of the United States." The order was under the direction of the Department for Homeland Security in co-ordination with the Department of State. In summary the list consists of

Submarine communications cable A submarine communications cable is a cable laid on the seabed between land-based stations to carry telecommunication signals across stretches of ocean and sea. The first submarine communications cables were laid beginning in the 1850s and car ...

s, major port hubs, critical sea lanes, oil pipelines, mines, dams, and pharmaceutical facilities. A major emphasis on European pharmaceutical facilities was said by the BBC to suggest a fear of biological warfare or global pandemic.

Responses to disclosure

The cable had been classified

secret Secrecy is the practice of hiding information from certain individuals or groups who do not have the "need to know", perhaps while sharing it with other individuals. That which is kept hidden is known as the secret. Secrecy is often controver ...

and not for review by non-U.S. personnel,. The publication of the cable was followed by strong criticism from the US government and the British government, but a tepid response from news outlets and other foreign nations. WikiLeaks spokesman

Kristinn Hrafnsson Kristinn Hrafnsson (born 25 June 1962) is an Icelandic investigative journalist who has been the editor-in-chief of WikiLeaks since 2018. He was the spokesperson for WikiLeaks between 2010 and 2017. Career Kristinn has worked at various newspa ...

said with reference to the cable: "This further undermines claims made by the US Government that its embassy officials do not play an intelligence-gathering role. Part of the cable read: "Posts are not/not being asked to consult with host governments with respect to this request." Hrafnsson later explained to ''

The Times ''The Times'' is a British Newspaper#Daily, daily Newspaper#National, national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its modern name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its si ...

'' that the list itself "had been made available to 2.5 million people including military personnel and private contractors by the U.S. government". He went on to say: "in terms of security issues, while this cable details the strategic importance of assets across the world, it does not give any information as to their exact locations, security measures, vulnerabilities or any similar factors, though it does reveal the U.S. asked its diplomats to report back on these matters."

United States

US State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley denounced the disclosure saying it "gives a group like al-Qaeda a targeting list." Anthony Cordesman, a 'national security analyst for the Center for Strategic and International Studies', said: "this has given a global map – a menu, if not a recipe book – to every extremist group in the world. To me it would be amazing to see how WikiLeaks could rationalize this." However, Alistair Millar, 'director of the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation', said: "it's a little different...than with diplomatic cable leaks...in this case, this is largely information available to everyone if they really wanted to look."

Janet Napolitano Janet Ann Napolitano (; born November 29, 1957) is an American politician, lawyer, and academic administrator. She served as president of the University of California from 2013 to 2020, on the faculty at the Goldman School of Public Policy at t ...

, the

Secretary of Homeland Security The United States secretary of homeland security is the head of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the federal department tasked with ensuring public safety in the United States. The secretary is a member of the Cabinet of the U ...

, said the list "could jeopardize our national security".

Nations other than the United States

A spokesman for British prime minister

David Cameron David William Donald Cameron, Baron Cameron of Chipping Norton (born 9 October 1966) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016. Until 2015, he led the first coalition government in the UK s ...

said: "The leaks and their publication are damaging to national security in the United States, Britain and elsewhere. It is vital that governments are able to operate on the basis of confidentiality of information."

Vic Toews Victor Toews (; born September 10, 1952) is a Canadian politician and jurist. Toews is a justice of the Court of King's Bench of Manitoba. He represented Provencher in the House of Commons of Canada from 2000 until his resignation on July 9, ...

, the Public Safety Minister of Canada, seemed "unconcerned or unaware" of the release of the list. He said: "I don't follow gossip very much so I don't really know the impact of WikiLeaks, but I can assure you that the security agencies in Canada are following it very closely and to the extent that I need to be involved and address those issues, they will brief me on the issues." Lin Yu-fang, a politician in Taiwan, stated, in regards to the revealing of the six undersea telecommunications cables in China, there are "actually no secrets concerning the cables", but he said there "could be certain thorny political or military issues involving Taiwan, the U.S. or Japan if more sensitive secrets were exposed".

News outlets

CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS (an abbreviation of its original name, Columbia Broadcasting System), is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainme ...

article elaborating on the release stated that "although much of the information contained n the listwas already in the public domain, officials in Washington and London have been quick to condemn WikiLeaks for publishing it, calling the act evidence of the organization's willingness to potentially aid terror groups in its mission to reveal U.S. secrets." ''

The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of ...

'' stated that the list "appears largely limited to sites that any would-be terrorist with Internet access and a bit of ingenuity might quickly have identified." The '' Lancashire Evening Post'' pointed out in an article that the list "contains information on defence sites in Lancashire which is more than five years out of date." The article specifically pointed out that the "Royal Ordnance (RO) site at Chorley...has been developed as Buckshaw Village for the past five years" and the "BAE facility in Plymouth, Devon... assold as part of a deal three years ago."

Companies

Mayne Pharma told the ''

Herald-Sun The ''Herald Sun'' is a Conservatism, conservative daily tabloid newspaper based in Melbourne, Australia, published by The Herald and Weekly Times, a subsidiary of News Corp Australia, itself a subsidiary of the American Rupert Murdoch, Murd ...

'' that "its entry on a classified diplomatic cable is out-of-date and full of errors", since the drug listed on the cable as its resource, a snake anti-venom, hasn't been made by the company for "more than ten years". Roger Aston, the chief executive of Mayne Pharma, said: "I can only go on what I can see now in the media (about WikiLeaks) but judging from what I've seen about what they've said about Mayne Pharma and Faulding, a lot of it (the information) is old, out of date stuff that's not relevant." Dean Veverka of

Southern Cross CRUX is a lightweight x86-64 Linux distribution targeted at experienced Linux users and delivered by a tar.gz-based package system with BSD-style initscripts. It is not based on any other Linux distribution. It also utilizes a ports system to ...

concurred, saying, "(Roger Aston's comments) that the information in the WikiLeaks document was ten years out of date could be accurate. To only list Southern Cross as the only internet cable network here might have been relevant 10 years ago (when only coaxial cables were available), but Australia now has seven cables going out of country. Australia has a very resilient network nowadays." Bill Gorman, sales director of David Brown Ltd., said: "We make gearboxes for our platinum and gold mines. We have supplied equipment via the US for other countries, but have only once exported directly to the States, for a copper mine seven years ago. I have no idea why we're on the list." A

BAE Systems BAE Systems plc is a British Multinational corporation, multinational Aerospace industry, aerospace, military technology, military and information security company, based in London. It is the largest manufacturer in Britain as of 2017. It is ...

spokeswoman said: "The information in the list was incorrect. The site in Plymouth was sold in 2007, and in Chorley, there are no longer any weapons manufacturing, although there is still an office there. The information about Preston was correct. The safety and security of our people and facilities is of highest priority."

List of critical foreign dependencies

The 2008 CFDI list, as redacted by WikiLeaks, listed the following infrastructures:

Sea ports

A number of sea ports were listed, including several Chinese ports ( Shanghai Port, Guangzhou Port, Hong Kong Port, Ningbo Port, Tianjin Port) as well as one Taiwanese port ( Kaohsiung Port) and several European ports (

Port of Antwerp The port of Antwerp is the port of the city of Antwerp, Belgium. It is located in Flanders, mainly in the province of Antwerp, but also partially in East Flanders. It is a seaport in the heart of Europe accessible to capesize ships. It is Eu ...

Port of Hamburg The Port of Hamburg (, ) is a seaport on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany, from its mouth on the North Sea. Known as Germany's "Gateway to the World" (), it is the country's largest seaport by volume. In terms of TEU throughput, Hambur ...

, Rotterdam Port).

Cable routes

Northern hemisphere

* Bermuda - GlobeNet, formerly Bermuda US-1 (BUS-1) undersea cable landing Devonshire, Bermuda * Canada - Hibernia Atlantic undersea cable landing at Herring Cove, Nova Scotia, Canada * China - C2C Cable Network undersea cable landings at Chom Hom Kok, Tseung Kwan O, and Shanghai; China-US undersea cable landings at Chongming and

Shantou Shantou, Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanization of Chinese, romanized as Swatow and sometimes known as Santow, is a prefecture-level city on the eastern coast of Guangdong, China, with a total population of 5,502,031 as of the 20 ...

; and FLAG/ REACH North Asia Loop undersea cable landing as Tong Fuk * Denmark -

TAT-14 TAT-14 was the 14th consortium transatlantic telecommunications cable system. In operation from 2001 to 2020, it used wavelength division multiplexing. The cable system was built from multiple pairs of fibres—one fibre in each pair was used fo ...

undersea cable landing, Blaabjerg, Denmark
English
* Fiji - Southern Cross undersea cable landing, Suva, Fiji * France - APOLLO undersea cable, Lannion, France; FA-1 undersea cable, Plerin, France;
English
and

undersea cable landing St. Valery, France * French Guiana - Americas-II undersea cable landing Cayenne, French Guiana * Germany - TAT-14 undersea cable landing, Norden, Germany; Atlantic Crossing-1 ( AC-1) undersea cable landing Sylt * Ireland - Hibernia Atlantic undersea cable landing, Dublin Ireland * Japan - C2C Cable Network undersea cable landings in Chikura, Ajigaura, and Shima; China-US undersea cable in Okinawa; FLAG/ REACH North Asia Loop undersea cable landing in Wada; Japan-US undersea cable landings at Maruyama and Kitaibaraki; KJCN undersea cable landings at Fukuoka and Kita-Kyushu; Pacific Crossing-1 ( PC-1) undersea cable landing in Ajigaura and Shima; and Tyco Transpacific undersea cable landings in Toyohashi and Emi. * Martinique - Americas-II undersea cable landing Le Lamentin, Martinique * Mexico - FLAG/REACH North Asia Loop undersea cable landing, Tijuana and Pan-American Crossing (PAC) undersea cable landing, Mazatlan * Netherlands - Atlantic Crossing-1 ( AC-1) undersea cable landing, Beverwijk; TAT-14 undersea cable landing, Katwijk * Panama - FLAG/REACH North Asia Loop undersea cable landing Fort Amador, Panama * Philippines - C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Batangas, Philippines; and EAC undersea cable landing Cavite, Philippines * Republic of Korea - C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Pusan, Republic of Korea; EAC undersea cable landing Shindu-Ri, Republic of Korea; FLAG/REACH North Asia Loop undersea cable landing Pusan, Republic of Korea; and KJCN undersea cable landing Pusan, Republic of Korea * Singapore - C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Changi, Singapore; EAC undersea cable landing Changi North, Singapore; C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Changi, Singapore; and EAC undersea cable landing Changi North, Singapore * Taiwan- C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Fangshan, Taiwan;
English

English
C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Tanshui, Taiwan; China-US undersea cable landing Fangshan, Taiwan; EAC undersea cable landing Pa Li, Taiwan; FLAG/REACH North Asia Loop undersea cable landing Toucheng, Taiwan * Trinidad and Tobago - Americas-II undersea cable landing

Port of Spain Port of Spain ( ; Trinidadian and Tobagonian English, Trinidadian English: ''Port ah Spain'' ) is the capital and chief port of Trinidad and Tobago. With a municipal population of 49,867 (2017), an urban population of 81,142 and a transient dail ...

* United Kingdom - APOLLO undersea cable landing Bude, Cornwall Station, United Kingdom; Atlantic Crossing-1 ( AC-1) undersea cable landing Whitesands Bay; FA-1 undersea cable landing Skewjack, Cornwall Station; Hibernia Atlantic undersea cable landing, Southport, United Kingdom;

undersea cable landing Bude, Cornwall Station, United Kingdom; Tyco Transatlantic undersea cable landing, Highbridge, United Kingdom; Tyco Transatlantic undersea cable landing, Pottington, United Kingdom; and Yellow/Atlantic Crossing-2 ( AC-2) undersea cable landing Bude, United Kingdom * Venezuela - Four cable landing sites in Venezuela.
English
GlobeNet undersea cable landings at Punta Gorda, Catia La Mar, and Manonga

Southern hemisphere

* Australia - Southern Cross undersea cable landings at Brookvale and Sydney, Australia * Brazil - Americas-II undersea cable landing at Fortaleza;
English
GlobeNet undersea cable landing at Fortaleza; and GlobeNet undersea cable landing Rio de Janeiro * Netherlands Antilles - Americas-II undersea cable landing, Willemstad * New Zealand - Southern Cross undersea cable landing, Whenuapai, New Zealand; and Southern Cross undersea cable landing, Takapuna, New Zealand

Mineral resources

* Australia - Manganese - Battery grade, natural; battery grade, synthetic; chemical grade; ferro; metallurgical grade; Nickel Mines * China -

Fluorite Fluorite (also called fluorspar) is the mineral form of calcium fluoride, CaF2. It belongs to the halide minerals. It crystallizes in isometric cubic habit, although octahedral and more complex isometric forms are not uncommon. The Mohs scal ...

(Mine);

Germanium Germanium is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Ge and atomic number 32. It is lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white and similar in appearance to silicon. It is a metalloid or a nonmetal in the carbon group that is chemically ...

Mine;

Graphite Graphite () is a Crystallinity, crystalline allotrope (form) of the element carbon. It consists of many stacked Layered materials, layers of graphene, typically in excess of hundreds of layers. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable ...

Mine;

Rare-earth The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths, and sometimes the lanthanides or lanthanoids (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), are a set of ...

minerals/elements;

Tin Tin is a chemical element; it has symbol Sn () and atomic number 50. A silvery-colored metal, tin is soft enough to be cut with little force, and a bar of tin can be bent by hand with little effort. When bent, a bar of tin makes a sound, the ...

Mine and Plant; and

Tungsten Tungsten (also called wolfram) is a chemical element; it has symbol W and atomic number 74. It is a metal found naturally on Earth almost exclusively in compounds with other elements. It was identified as a distinct element in 1781 and first ...

- Mine and Plant * Democratic Republic of Congo -

Cobalt Cobalt is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Co and atomic number 27. As with nickel, cobalt is found in the Earth's crust only in a chemically combined form, save for small deposits found in alloys of natural meteoric iron. ...

(Mine and Plant)
English
* Gabon -

Manganese Manganese is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese was first isolated in the 1770s. It is a transition m ...

- Battery grade, natural; battery grade, synthetic; chemical grade; ferro; metallurgical gradeAccording to the

USGS The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an government agency, agency of the United States Department of the Interior, U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geograp ...

, the United States has only "very low grade" ores of manganese, and the mineral is recovered only incidentally as a minor component of scrap; thus the United States relies on imports. Manganese "has no satisfactory substitute in its major applications". U.S. imports were "Manganese ore: Gabon, 61%; South Africa, 18%; Australia, 8%; China, 3%; and other, 10%. Ferromanganese: South Africa, 53%; China, 18%; Republic of Korea, 6%; Mexico, 6%, and other, 17%. Manganese contained in all manganese imports: South Africa, 34%; Gabon, 21%; China, 9%; Australia, 7%; and other, 29%." * Guinea -

Bauxite Bauxite () is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), and diaspore (α-AlO(OH) ...

(Mine) * South Africa - Chromite mines around

Rustenburg Rustenburg (; , Afrikaans and Dutch language, Dutch: ''City of Rest'') is a town at the foot of the Magaliesberg mountain range. Rustenburg is the most populous city in North West (South African province), North West province, South Africa (549 ...

;

Ferrochromium Ferrochrome or ferrochromium (FeCr) is a type of ferroalloy, that is, an alloy of chromium and iron, generally containing 50 to 70% chromium by weight. Ferrochrome is produced by electric arc carbothermic reduction of chromite. Most of the glo ...

;

- Battery grade, natural; battery grade, synthetic; chemical grade; ferro; metallurgical grade;

Palladium Palladium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1802 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas (formally 2 Pallas), ...

Mine and Plant;

Platinum Platinum is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a density, dense, malleable, ductility, ductile, highly unreactive, precious metal, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name origina ...

Mines; and

Rhodium Rhodium is a chemical element; it has symbol Rh and atomic number 45. It is a very rare, silvery-white, hard, corrosion-resistant transition metal. It is a noble metal and a member of the platinum group. It has only one naturally occurring isot ...

* Indonesia - Tin Mine and Plant
English
* Japan -

Iodine Iodine is a chemical element; it has symbol I and atomic number 53. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists at standard conditions as a semi-lustrous, non-metallic solid that melts to form a deep violet liquid at , and boils to a vi ...

Mine * Belgium -

Mine * Norway - Cobalt Nickel Mine
English
* Russia -

Uranium Uranium is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a silvery-grey metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons. Ura ...

Nickel Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal. Pure nickel is chemically reactive, but large pieces are slo ...

Mine: Used in certain types of stainless steel and superalloys;

Mine and Plant; and

* Ukraine - Manganese - Battery grade, natural; battery grade, synthetic; chemical grade; ferro; metallurgical grade *Kazakhstan - Ferrochromium Khromtau Complex, Kempersai, (Chromite Mine) * India -

Orissa Odisha (), formerly Orissa ( the official name until 2011), is a state located in Eastern India. It is the eighth-largest state by area, and the eleventh-largest by population, with over 41 million inhabitants. The state also has the thir ...

(chromite mines) and

Karnataka Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...

(chromite mines) * Brazil - Iron Ore from Rio Tinto Mine; Manganese - Battery grade, natural; battery grade, synthetic; chemical grade; ferro; metallurgical grade; Niobium (Columbium),

Araxa Araxa () was a city of ancient Lycia, according to Alexander Polyhistor, in the second book of his ''Lyciaca''. Ptolemy places it near Sidyma. It is located at a place called Ören, near Fethiye, on the upper portion of the Xanthus River. An ...

Minas Gerais Minas Gerais () is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil, being the fourth largest state by area and the second largest in number of inhabitants with a population of 20,539,989 according to the 2022 Brazilian census, 2022 census. Located in ...

State (mine); and Ouvidor and Catalao I, Goias State: Niobium *Chile - Iodine Mine * Canada -

Mine;

Iron Ore Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the f ...

Mine;

Mine; Niobec Mine, Quebec, Canada: Niobium * Mexico - Graphite Mine * Peru - Tin Mine and Plant

Other sites

Africa

Morocco

Strait of Gibraltar The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa. The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Fe ...

*Maghreb-Europe (GME) gas pipeline, Morocco

South Africa

* BAE Land System OMC, Benoni, South Africa * Brown David Gear Industries LTD, Benoni, South Africa

Tunisia

* Trans-Med Gas Pipeline

East Asia and the Pacific

Australia

*Maybe Faulding Mulgrave ( F H Faulding) Victoria, Australia: Manufacturing facility for

Midazolam Midazolam, sold under the brand name Versed among others, is a benzodiazepine medication used for anesthesia, premedication before surgical anesthesia, and procedural sedation, and to treat psychomotor agitation, severe agitation. It induces ...

injection. * Mayne Pharma (fill/finish), Melbourne, Australia: Sole suppliers of Crotalid Polyvalent Antivenin (

CroFab Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (ovine), sold under the brandname CroFab, is a snake antivenin, indicated for North American crotalid (rattlesnake, copperhead and cottonmouth/water moccasin) snake envenomation. CroFab is composed of several ...

)

China

*Hydroelectric Dam Turbines and Generators *

Polypropylene Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer Propene, propylene. Polypropylene belongs to the group of polyolefin ...

Filter Material for N-95 Masks

Indonesia

*Straits of Malacca

Japan

Hitachi () is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational Conglomerate (company), conglomerate founded in 1910 and headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo. The company is active in various industries, including digital systems, power and renewable ener ...

, Hydroelectric Dam Turbines and Generators *

Port A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Hamburg, Manch ...

s at Chiba,

Kobe Kobe ( ; , ), officially , is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. With a population of around 1.5 million, Kobe is Japan's List of Japanese cities by population, seventh-largest city and the third-largest port city after Port of Toky ...

Nagoya is the largest city in the Chūbu region of Japan. It is the list of cities in Japan, fourth-most populous city in Japan, with a population of 2.3million in 2020, and the principal city of the Chūkyō metropolitan area, which is the List of ...

, and

Yokohama is the List of cities in Japan, second-largest city in Japan by population as well as by area, and the country's most populous Municipalities of Japan, municipality. It is the capital and most populous city in Kanagawa Prefecture, with a popu ...

*Metal Fabrication Machines

Titanium Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in ...

*Metal (Processed) Biken, Kanonji City, Japan *Hitachi Electrical Power Generators and Components Large AC Generators above 40 MVA

Republic of Korea

*Hitachi Large Electric Power Transformers 230 - 500 kV Busan Port

Malaysia

Straits of Malacca The Strait of Malacca is a narrow stretch of water, long and from wide, between the Malay Peninsula to the northeast and the Indonesian island of Sumatra to the southwest, connecting the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) and the South China Sea (Pa ...

Singapore

*Straits of Malacca

Europe and Eurasia

Austria

* Baxter AG, Vienna, Austria: Immune Globulin Intravenous (IGIV) * Octapharma Pharmazeutika, Vienna, Austria: Immune Globulin Intravenous (IGIV)

Azerbaijan

* Sangachal Terminal * Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline

Belarus

* Druzhba Oil Pipeline

Belgium

* Baxter SA, Lessines, Belgium: Immune Globulin Intravenous (IGIV)
English
* Glaxo Smith Kline, Rixensart, Belgium: Acellular

Pertussis Whooping cough ( or ), also known as pertussis or the 100-day cough, is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable bacterial disease. Initial symptoms are usually similar to those of the common cold with a runny nose, fever, and mild cough, bu ...

Vaccine Component *GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA, Wavre, Belgium: Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Component

Denmark

* Bavarian Nordic (BN), Hejreskovvej, Kvistgard, Denmark:

Smallpox Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by Variola virus (often called Smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus '' Orthopoxvirus''. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (W ...

Vaccine *

Novo Nordisk Novo Nordisk A/S is a Danish multinational pharmaceutical company headquartered in Bagsværd, with production facilities in nine countries and affiliates or offices in five. Novo Nordisk is controlled by majority shareholder Novo Holdings A/S ...

Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Bagsvaerd, Denmark: Numerous formulations of

insulin Insulin (, from Latin ''insula'', 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin (''INS)'' gene. It is the main Anabolism, anabolic hormone of the body. It regulates the metabol ...

*Novo Nordisk Insulin Manufacturer: Global insulin supplies *

Statens Serum Institut Statens Serum Institut (SSI, The State's Serum Institute), is a Danish sector research institute located on the island of Amager in Copenhagen. Its purpose is to combat and prevent infectious diseases, congenital disorders, and threats from w ...

, Copenhagen, Denmark: DTaP (including D and T components) pediatric version

France

Sanofi-Aventis Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company headquartered in Paris, France. The corporation was established in 1973 and merged with Synthélabo in 1999 to form Sanofi-Synthélabo. In 2004, Sanofi-Synthélabo merg ...

Insulin Manufacturer: Global insulin supplies

Foot-and-mouth disease Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) or hoof-and-mouth disease (HMD) is an infectious disease, infectious and sometimes fatal virus (biology), viral disease that primarily affects even-toed ungulates, including domestic and wild Bovidae, bovids. The vir ...

Vaccine finishing *

Alstom Alstom SA () is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer which operates worldwide in rail transport markets. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, signaling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional ...

, Hydroelectric Dam Turbines and Generators *Alstrom Electrical Power Generators and Components * EMD Pharms Semoy, France: Cyanokit Injection *

GlaxoSmithKline GSK plc (an acronym from its former name GlaxoSmithKline plc) is a British Multinational corporation, multinational Pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical and biotechnology company with headquarters in London. It was established in 2000 by a Mergers an ...

, Inc. Évreux, France: Influenza Neuraminidase inhibitor RELENZA ( Zanamivir)
English
* Diagast, Cedex, France: Olympus (assists with detecting blood group) *

Genzyme Genzyme (also known as Genzyme Transgenics Corp or GTC Biotherapeutics) was an American biotechnology company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. From its acquisition in 2011 to 2022 Genzyme operated as a fully owned subsidiary of Sanofi. In 2010, ...

Polyclonals SAS (bulk), Lyon, France:

Thymoglobulin Thymoglobulin (manufactured by Sanofi) is an anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin preparation made of purified polyclonal antibodies derived from rabbits. While these antibodies have a variety of specificities, their main mechanism of immunosuppres ...

*Sanofi Pasteur SA, Lyon, France:

Rabies Rabies is a viral disease that causes encephalitis in humans and other mammals. It was historically referred to as hydrophobia ("fear of water") because its victims panic when offered liquids to drink. Early symptoms can include fever and abn ...

virus vaccine

Georgia

*Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline

Germany

BASF BASF SE (), an initialism of its original name , is a European Multinational corporation, multinational company and the List of largest chemical producers, largest chemical producer in the world. Its headquarters are located in Ludwigshafen, Ge ...

Ludwigshafen: World's largest integrated chemical complex *

Siemens Siemens AG ( ) is a German multinational technology conglomerate. It is focused on industrial automation, building automation, rail transport and health technology. Siemens is the largest engineering company in Europe, and holds the positi ...

Erlangen: Essentially irreplaceable production of key chemicals *Siemens, GE, Hydroelectric Dam Turbines and Generators * Draeger Safety AG & Co., Lübeck, Germany: Critical to gas detection capability * Junghans Microtec Dunningen-Seedorf, Germany: Critical to the production of mortars * TDW-Gesellschaft Wirksysteme, Schroebenhausen, Germany: Critical to the production of the Patriot Advanced Capability Lethality Enhancement Assembly *Siemens, Large Electric Power Transformers 230 - 500 kV *Siemens, GE Electrical Power Generators and Components * Druzhba Oil Pipeline *Sanofi Aventis Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Lantus Injection (insulin) * Heyl Chemish-pharmazeutische Fabrik GmbH: Radiogardase (

Prussian blue Prussian blue (also known as Berlin blue, Brandenburg blue, Parisian and Paris blue) is a dark blue pigment produced by oxidation of ferrous ferrocyanide salts. It has the chemical formula . It consists of cations, where iron is in the oxidat ...

)
English
* Hameln Pharmaceuticals, Hameln, Germany: Pentetate Calcium Trisodium (Ca DTPA) and Pentetate Zinc Trisodium (Zn DTPA) for contamination with plutonium, americium, and curium * IDT Biologika GmbH, Dessau Rossiau, Germany: BN Small Pox Vaccine * Biotest AG, Dreiech, Germany: Supplier for TANGO (impacts automated blood typing ability) * CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany: Antihemophilic factor/

von Willebrand factor Von Willebrand factor (VWF) () is a blood glycoprotein that promotes primary hemostasis, specifically, platelet adhesion. It is deficient and/or defective in von Willebrand disease and is involved in many other diseases, including thrombotic thro ...

Novartis Novartis AG is a Swiss multinational corporation, multinational pharmaceutical company, pharmaceutical corporation based in Basel, Switzerland. Novartis is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world and was the eighth largest by re ...

Vaccines and Diagnostics GmbH, Marburg, Germany: Rabies virus vaccine * Vetter Pharma Fertigung GmbH & Co KG, Ravensburg, Germany (filling): Rho(D) IGIV

Ireland

Ireland Ltd. (filling), Waterford, Ireland:

Italy

*Glaxo Smith Kline SpA (fill/finish), Parma, Italy: Digibind (used to treat snake bites)
English
* Trans-Med gas pipeline

Poland

*Druzhba Oil Pipeline

Russia

* Novorossiysk Export Terminal
English
* Primorsk Export Terminal * Nadym Gas Pipeline Junction: The most critical gas facility in the world

Spain

Gas pipelines across Mediterranee and Sahara map-en

English
*Instituto Grifols, SA, Barcelona, Spain: Immune Globulin Intravenous (IGIV) * Maghreb-Europe (GME) gas pipeline, Algeria
English

Sweden

* Recip AB Sweden: Thyrosafe ( potassium iodine)

Switzerland

* Hoffman-LaRoche, Inc. Basel, Switzerland:

Tamiflu Oseltamivir, sold under the brand name Tamiflu among others, is an antiviral medication used to treat and prevent influenza A and influenza B, viruses that cause the flu. Many medical organizations recommend it in people who have complicati ...

(oseltamivir)
English
* Berna Biotech, Berne, Switzerland:

Typhoid Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by ''Salmonella enterica'' serotype Typhi bacteria, also called ''Salmonella'' Typhi. Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. Often ther ...

vaccine * CSL Behring AG, Berne, Switzerland: Immune Globulin Intravenous (IGIV)

Turkey

*Metal Fabrication Machines: Small number of Turkish companies ( Durma, Baykal, Ermaksan) *

Bosporus The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait ( ; , colloquially ) is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul, Turkey. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental bo ...

Strait *Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline

United Kingdom

* Goonhilly Teleport, Goonhilly Downs, United Kingdom * Madley Teleport, Stone Street, Madley, United Kingdom * Martelsham Teleport, Ipswich, United Kingdom *Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine finishing *

(Operations) Ltd., Presont reston Lancashire, United Kingdom: Critical to the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter *BAE Systems Operations Ltd., Southway, Plymouth Devon, United Kingdom: Critical to

Extended Range Guided Munition The Extended Range Guided Munition was a precision guided rocket-assisted 5-inch (127 mm) shell (projectile) development by Raytheon for the U.S. Navy. The program was cancelled in March 2008 after twelve years of development and over 600 m ...

s *BAE Systems RO Defence, Chorley, United Kingdom: Critical to the Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) AGM-154C (Unitary Variant) *MacTaggart Scott, Loanhead, Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland, United Kingdom: Critical to the Ship Submersible Nuclear (SSN)

Near/Middle East

Djibouti

* Bab al-Mendeb: Shipping lane is a critical supply chain node

Egypt

* 'Ayn Sukhnah- SuMEd Receiving Import Terminal * 'Sidi Kurayr-SuMed Offloading Export Terminal Suez Canal

Iran

Strait of Hormuz The Strait of Hormuz ( ''Tangeh-ye Hormoz'' , ''Maḍīq Hurmuz'') is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the world's most strategica ...

* Khark (Kharg) Island * Sea Island Export Terminal * Khark Island T-Jetty

Iraq

* Al Basrah Oil Terminal

Israel

* Rafael Ordnance Systems Division, Haifa, Israel: Critical to Sensor Fused Weapons (SFW), Wind Corrected Munitions Dispensers (WCMD), Tail Kits, and batteries

Kuwait

*Mina' al Ahmadi Export Terminal

Oman

Qatar

* Ras Laffan Industrial Center: By 2012 Qatar will be the largest source of imported LNG to U.S.

Saudi Arabia

* Abqaiq Processing Center: Largest crude oil processing and stabilization plant in the world * Al Ju'aymah Export Terminal: Part of the

Ras Tanura Ras Tanura (, presumably due to the unusual heat prevalent at the cape that projects into the sea) is a city and semi-governorate in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia located on a peninsula extending into the Per ...

complex * As Saffaniyah Processing Center * Qatif Pipeline Junction *Ras at Tanaqib Processing Center *

Export Terminal * Shaybah Central Gas-oil Separation Plant

United Arab Emirates (UAE)

* Das Island Export Terminal * Jabal Zannah Export Terminal *

Yemen

*Bab al-Mendeb: Shipping lane is a critical supply chain node

South and Central Asia

India

* Generamedix Gujurat, India: Chemotherapy agents, including fluorouracil and methotrexate

Western Hemisphere

Argentina

*Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine finishing

Canada

* James Bay Power Project, Quebec: monumental hydroelectric power development * Mica Dam, British Columbia: Failure would impact the Columbia River Basin *

Hydro Quebec Hydro (from ) may refer to: Energy technologies * Water-derived power or energy: ** Hydropower, derived from water ** Hydroelectricity, in electrical form * "Hydro", Alternating Current, AC mains electricity in parts of Canada * Micro hydro, a ...

, Quebec: Critical irreplaceable source of power to portions of Northeast U. S. * Robert Moses-Robert H. Saunders Power Dam: Part of the St. Lawrence Power Project, between Barnhart Island, New York, and Cornwall, Ontario * Seven Mile Dam, British Columbia: Concrete gravity dam between two other hydroelectric power dams along the Pend d'Oreille River * Pickering Nuclear Power Plant, Ontario * Chalk River Nuclear Facility, Ontario: Largest supplier of medical radioisotopes in the world *

Hydrofluoric Acid Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water. Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive. A common concentration is 49% (48–52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling p ...

Production Facility, Allied Signal, Amherstburg, Ontario * Enbridge Pipeline Alliance Pipeline: Natural gas transmission from Canada Maritime and Northeast Pipeline: Natural gas transmission from Canada * TransCanada Gas: Natural gas transmission from Canada * Alexandria Bay Point of Entry (POE), Ontario: Northern border crossing *

Ambassador Bridge The Ambassador Bridge is an international suspension bridge across the Detroit River that connects Detroit, Detroit, Michigan, United States, with Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Opened in 1929, the toll bridge is the busiest international border cros ...

Point of Entry, Ontario: Northern border crossing * Blaine POE, British Columbia: Northern border crossing Pacific Highway crossing

* Blaine Washington Rail Crossing, British Columbia *

Blue Water Bridge The Blue Water Bridge is a twin-span international bridge across the St. Clair River that links Port Huron, Michigan, United States, and Point Edward, Ontario, Canada. The Blue Water Bridge connects Highway 402 in Ontario with both Interst ...

POE, Sarnia, Ontario: Northern border crossing * Champlain Bridge POE, Quebec: Northern border crossing * CPR Tunnel Rail Crossing, Ontario (Michigan Central Rail Crossing) * International Bridge Rail Crossing, Ontario International Railway Bridge Rail Crossing * Lewiston-

Queenston Queenston is a compact rural community and unincorporated place north of Niagara Falls in the Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada. It is bordered by Highway 405 to the south and the Niagara River to the east; its location at the eponym ...

POE, Ontario: Northern border crossing *

Peace Bridge The Peace Bridge is an international bridge over the Niagara River between Canada and the United States, located just north of the river's source at the east end of Lake Erie about upriver of Niagara Falls. It connects Buffalo, New York, in ...

POE, Ontario: Northern border crossing * Pembina, North Dakota POE, North Dakota/Manitoba border crossing. * North Portal Rail Crossing, Saskatchewan * St. Clair Tunnel Rail Crossing between Sarnia,Ontario and Port Huron, Michigan *

Waneta Dam The Waneta Dam is a concrete gravity-type hydroelectric dam on the Pend d'Oreille River in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It lies downstream of Seven Mile Dam at the Pend d'Oreille's confluence with the Columbia River. It is located ...

, British Columbia: Earthfill/concrete hydropower dam * Darlington Nuclear Power Plant, Ontario, Canada * E-ONE Moli Energy, Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Canada: Critical to production of various military application electronics *

General Dynamics Land Systems General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) is an American manufacturer of military vehicles, including tanks and light Armoured fighting vehicle, armored fighting vehicles. The company is based in Sterling Heights, Michigan, and is a subsidiary of Gen ...

- Canada, London Ontario, Canada: Critical to the production of the

Stryker The Stryker is a family of Eight-wheel drive, eight-wheeled armored fighting vehicles derived from the Canadian LAV III. Stryker vehicles are produced by General Dynamics Land Systems-Canada (GDLS-C) for the United States Army in a plant in L ...

/USMC LAV Vehicle Integration * Raytheon Systems Canada Ltd. ELCAN Optical Technologies Division,

Midland, Ontario Midland is a town located on Georgian Bay in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Huronia/Wendat region of Central Ontario. Located at the southern end of Georgian Bay's 30,000 Islands, Midland is the economic centre of the region ...

: Critical to the production of the AGM-130 Missile * Thales Optronique Canada, Inc., Montreal, Quebec: Critical optical systems for ground combat vehicles *

Cangene Cangene Corporation was a biopharmaceutical company based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It was founded in 1984 and specialized in hyperimmunes, contract manufacturing, biopharmaceuticals and biodefense. Cangene was 61% owned by Canadian pharmace ...

, Winnipeg, Manitoba: Plasma *Sanofi Pasteur Ltd., Toronto, Canada: makers of

polio Poliomyelitis ( ), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe ...

virus vaccine * GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, North America, Quebec: Pre-pandemic influenza vaccines

Mexico

* Amistad International Dam: On the Rio Grande near Del Rio, Texas and Ciudad Acuna, Coahuila, MexicoOn 9 December an engineer from the

International Boundary and Water Commission The International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC, , CILA) is an international body created by the United States and Mexico in 1889 to apply the rules for determining the location of their international boundary when meandering rivers trans ...

said IBWC was aware of the risk of terrorist sabotage at the Falcon and Amistad dams and said security had been tripled. * Anzalduas Dam: Diversion dam south of Mission, Texas, operated jointly by the U.S. and Mexico for flood control * Falcon International Dam: Upstream of Roma, Texas and Miguel Aleman, Tamaulipas, Mexico * Retamal Dam: Diversion dam south of Weslaco, Texas, operated jointly by the U.S. and Mexico for flood control * GE Hydroelectric Dam Turbines and Generators: Main source for a large portion of larger components * Bridge of the Americas (El Paso – Ciudad Juárez): Southern border crossing * Brownsville POE: Southern border crossing * Calexico East POE: Southern border crossing * Colombia-Solidarity Bridge: Southern border crossing * Kansas City Southern de Mexico (KCSM) Rail Line, (Mexico) * Nogales POE: Southern border crossing * Laredo Rail Crossing * Eagle Pass Rail Crossing *Southern border crossings, Otay Mesa Crossing, World Trade Bridge, and Ysleta Zaragosa Bridge * Pharr International Bridge: Southern border crossing *Hydrofluoric Acid Production FacilityLikely the Solvay plant in Juárez. Emergency managers have reported that a leak from the plant could kill or injure thousands in Juárez and El Paso. *GE Electrical Power Generators and Components *General Electric, Large Electric Power Transformers 230 - 500 kV

Panama

Panama Canal The Panama Canal () is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. It cuts across the narrowest point of the Isthmus of Panama, and is a Channel (geography), conduit for maritime trade between th ...

Trinidad and Tobago

Atlantic LNG The Atlantic LNG Company of Trinidad and Tobago is a liquefied natural gas (LNG) producing company operating a liquefied natural gas plant in Point Fortin, Trinidad and Tobago. Atlantic LNG operates four liquefaction units (trains). Train 4, wi ...

: Provides 70% of U.S. natural gas import needs

References

{{WikiLeaks United States diplomatic cables leak United States Department of Homeland Security Infrastructure Classified documents