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Crimmitschau () is a town in the district of
Zwickau Zwickau (; is, with around 87,500 inhabitants (2020), the fourth-largest city of Saxony after Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz and it is the seat of the Zwickau District. The West Saxon city is situated in the valley of the Zwickau Mulde (German: ...
in
Saxony Saxony (german: Sachsen ; Upper Saxon: ''Saggsn''; hsb, Sakska), officially the Free State of Saxony (german: Freistaat Sachsen, links=no ; Upper Saxon: ''Freischdaad Saggsn''; hsb, Swobodny stat Sakska, links=no), is a landlocked state of ...
, Germany.


Geography

Crimmitschau lies on the river
Pleiße The Pleiße is a river of Saxony and Thuringia, Germany. The Pleiße has its source southwest of Zwickau at Ebersbrunn, then flows through Werdau, Crimmitschau, Altenburg, and other towns and villages in Saxony and Thuringia, before flowing ...
in the northern foothills of the Erzgebirge.


Neighboring municipalities

Adjacent communities include:
Zwickau Zwickau (; is, with around 87,500 inhabitants (2020), the fourth-largest city of Saxony after Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz and it is the seat of the Zwickau District. The West Saxon city is situated in the valley of the Zwickau Mulde (German: ...
,
Dennheritz Dennheritz is a municipality in the district Zwickau, in Saxony, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany li ...
, Neukirchen,
Meerane Meerane () is a town in the Zwickau district of Saxony, Germany. It lies midway between the towns of Altenburg and Zwickau, west of Chemnitz. As of 31 December 2015, there were 14,851 inhabitants. The population has declined from a peak of over ...
, and
Langenbernsdorf Langenbernsdorf is a village in the district of Zwickau in the Free State of Saxony. Geography To the north of Langenbernsdorf is a wood called the Werdauer Wald. Neighboring municipalities Adjacent municipalities in the district of Zwickau i ...
in Landkreis of
Zwickau Zwickau (; is, with around 87,500 inhabitants (2020), the fourth-largest city of Saxony after Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz and it is the seat of the Zwickau District. The West Saxon city is situated in the valley of the Zwickau Mulde (German: ...
;
Heyersdorf Heyersdorf is a municipality in the Thuringian district of Altenburger Land. Geography Heyersdorf is located near the municipalities of Ponitz, the city of Schmölln, and Thonhausen in the district of Altenburger Land; as well as near the city o ...
,
Jonaswalde Jonaswalde is a municipality in the Thuringian district of Altenburger Land. It belongs to the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft of Oberes Sprottental. Geography Neighboring municipalities Nearby municipalities are Heukewalde, Thonhausen, and Vollmer ...
,
Ponitz Ponitz is a municipality in the district Altenburger Land, in Thuringia, Germany. It is particularly famous for its Baroque organ by Gottfried Silbermann Gottfried Silbermann (January 14, 1683 – August 4, 1753) was a German builder of keyboar ...
and
Thonhausen Thonhausen is a municipality in the district of Altenburger Land in Thuringia, Germany. It belongs to the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft of Oberes Sprottental. Geography Neighboring municipalities Communities near Thonhausen are Jonaswalde, Heyers ...
in
Thuringia Thuringia (; german: Thüringen ), officially the Free State of Thuringia ( ), is a state of central Germany, covering , the sixth smallest of the sixteen German states. It has a population of about 2.1 million. Erfurt is the capital and lar ...
n Landkreis of
Altenburger Land Altenburger Land is a district in Thuringia, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Greiz, the Burgenlandkreis (Saxony-Anhalt), and the districts Leipzig, Mittelsachsen and Zwickau in Saxony. The district is a me ...
; as well as
Braunichswalde Braunichswalde is a municipality in the district of Greiz, in Thuringia, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. G ...
, Rückersdorf, and
Seelingstädt Seelingstädt is a municipality in the district of Greiz, in Thuringia, Germany. The town has a municipal association with Wünschendorf/Elster Wünschendorf/Elster is a municipality in the district of Greiz, in Thuringia, Germany Ger ...
in Thuringia in Landkreis of
Greiz Greiz () is a town in the state of Thuringia, Germany, and is the capital of the district of Greiz. Greiz is situated in eastern Thuringia, east of state capital Jena, on the river '' White Elster''. Greiz has a large park in its center (Für ...
.


Municipality subdivisions

The town Crimmitschau consists of Crimmitschau proper and the following five ''Ortschaften'' (localities), each containing several ''Ortsteile'' or divisions:Hauptsatzung der Großen Kreisstadt Crimmitschau
January 2019.
*
Blankenhain Blankenhain is a town in the Weimarer Land district, in Thuringia, Germany. It is south of Weimar. History Until the Napoleonic Wars, Blankenhain had been a part of the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar. After the Fourth Coalition's defeat at Jena and ...
(incl. Großpillingsdorf) *Frankenhausen (incl. Gösau and Gosel) *Langenreinsdorf *Lauenhain *Mannichswalde The ''Ortsteile'' Rudelswalde and Gablenz are not part of an ''Ortschaft''.


History

In the course of German eastward expansion, the city of Crimmitschau and a castle of the same name (now called the ''Schweinsburg'') were established from around 1170 to 1200 as an organized German colony. The settlement's existence is first documented in 1212. In 1414 Crimmitschau received town privileges from
Markgraf Margrave was originally the medieval title for the military commander assigned to maintain the defence of one of the border provinces of the Holy Roman Empire or of a kingdom. That position became hereditary in certain feudal families in the E ...
Wilhelm II. On 15 March 1844, Crimmitschau was connected to the German rail network (on the
Leipzig–Hof railway The Leipzig–Hof railway is a two-track main line in the German states of Saxony, Thuringia and Bavaria, originally built and operated by the Saxon-Bavarian Railway Company. It runs from Leipzig through Altenburg, the Werdau wye junction, Reiche ...
, which was later extended to Bavaria). Its current station was opened in 1873 Around the turn of the century, Crimmitschau was the site of a large concentrated textile industry, and was called "The City of 100 chimneys" (''Stadt der 100 Schornsteine''). From August 22, 1903, to January 18, 1904, it was the site of one of the largest and longest strikes in the German Empire, which affected the entire nation. In 1944, some Crimmitschau property was bombed by Allied Forces. At the end of the 1980s, a great part of the old and inner cities were torn down and replaced with prefabricated concrete buildings. Similar plans existed for the southern suburb, but were not put in place after the regime change in 1990.


Population


Religion

Even though a majority of the people in Crimmitschau are not affiliated with any religion, there are some Protestant parishes and even a Catholic parish, belonging to the
Diocese of Dresden-Meissen In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associated ...
. The most important churches are: St. Laurentius-Kirche, Johanniskirche, and the Lutherkirche.


Twin towns – sister cities

Crimmitschau is
twinned Twinning (making a twin of) may refer to: * In biology and agriculture, producing two offspring (i.e., twins) at a time, or having a tendency to do so; * Twin towns and sister cities, towns and cities involved in town twinning * Twinning inst ...
with: *
Bystřice nad Pernštejnem Bystřice nad Pernštejnem (; german: Bistritz ob Pernstein) is a town in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 7,800 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Bratrušín, Divišov, Domaní ...
, Czech Republic *
Wiehl Wiehl () is a municipality in the Oberbergischer Kreis, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located approximately 41 km east of Cologne. The neighbouring municipalities Reichshof, Waldbröl, Nümbrecht, Much, Engelskirchen and Gummers ...
, Germany


Sights

Landmarks include the town hall, the late Gothic parish church of Saint Laurentius (
Saint Lawrence Saint Lawrence or Laurence ( la, Laurentius, lit. " laurelled"; 31 December AD 225 – 10 August 258) was one of the seven deacons of the city of Rome under Pope Sixtus II who were martyred in the persecution of the Christians that the Roman ...
)(1513), with its star and cross ribbed arches, the former
Cistercian nunnery Cistercian nuns are female members of the Cistercian Order, a religious order belonging to the Roman Catholic branch of the Catholic Church. History The first Cistercian monastery for women, Le Tart Abbey, was established at Tart-l'Abbaye in t ...
of Frankenhausen Abbey (founded around 1290) in the district of Frankenhausen and the open-air museum of
Blankenhain Castle Blankenhain Castle (german: Schloss Blankenhain) is a large castle in Blankenhain near Crimmitschau, in the district of Zwickau in Saxony, Germany. The castle dates back to the 12th century. It is first documented in 1423 as ''Wasserburg''. ...
located at the castle of the same name.


Museums

*Western Saxon Textile Museum, which is located in a fully functional textile factory, former known as "''Gebrüder Pfau KG''" *The Agricultural and Open-Air Museum of Schloss Blankenhain


Parks

* The Zöffelpark, which was built in the pre-war period and named after Emil Oskar Zöffel, an important textile manufacturer and Philanthropist in the history of the city. * The Bismarck-Hain, a former cemetery, named after Reichskanzler
Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of ...
. This park was known as Friedenspark (Peace-park) during
GDR East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
-times. * The Sahnpark, located north of the city center, is the largest park in Crimmitschau and harbours an old open-air bath, an animal park and the stadium of ETC Crimmitschau.


Sport

Crimmitschau has a well-known ice hockey club, the
ETC Crimmitschau ETC Crimmitschau, also known as Eispiraten Crimmitschau, is an ice hockey team in Crimmitschau, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state o ...
, which plays in the second highest German league. The city also has a soccer team, FC Crimmitschau and an American Football Team, the Tornados Crimmitschau.


Business and infrastructure

Crimmitschau lies directly at the Autobahn A4 and can be reached through the exits
Schmölln Schmölln is a town in Thuringia, Germany, landkreis of Altenburger Land. It lies on the river Sprotte. Geography Neighboring municipalities Municipalities in the district of Altenburger Land neighboring Schmölln include: Starkenberg, Dobit ...
and
Meerane Meerane () is a town in the Zwickau district of Saxony, Germany. It lies midway between the towns of Altenburg and Zwickau, west of Chemnitz. As of 31 December 2015, there were 14,851 inhabitants. The population has declined from a peak of over ...
. The
Deutsche Bahn AG The (; abbreviated as DB or DB AG) is the national railway company of Germany. Headquartered in the Bahntower in Berlin, it is a joint-stock company (Aktiengesellschaft, AG). The Federal Republic of Germany is its single shareholder. describ ...
provides connections from
Crimmitschau station Crimmitschau station is a station on the Leipzig–Hof railway in the German state of Saxony. It is the only station in the town of Crimmitschau. History Work started on the Leipzig–Hof railway in 1841 and Crimmitschau already had a simp ...
to
Zwickau Zwickau (; is, with around 87,500 inhabitants (2020), the fourth-largest city of Saxony after Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz and it is the seat of the Zwickau District. The West Saxon city is situated in the valley of the Zwickau Mulde (German: ...
,
Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as ...
, Hof.


Education

There are three elementary schools, two secondary schools, a gymnasium, and a special education school in Crimmitschau.


Notable people

*
Julius Motteler Julius Motteler (18 June 1838 – 29 September 1907) was a pioneering Germany, German Socialist and Merchant, businessman. Julius Motteler was a leading member of the early German Labour movement and was repeatedly elected a member of the (Germa ...
(1838–1907), Reichstag deputy, co-founder of the Social Democratic Party of Germany * Adolf Paul Schulze (1840–1891), emigrated to Scotland and became a successful merchant and noted microscopist * Heinrich Mauersberger (1909–1982), engineer and inventor in the textile industry *
Helmut Bräutigam Helmut Bräutigam (16 February 1914 – 17 January 1942) was a German composer. Life Bräutigam was a son of Paul Bräutigam, who was cantor at the Johanniskirche in Crimmitschau at the time. He began taking instrumental lessons at the age of se ...
(1914–1942), composer *
Gerhard Zwerenz Gerhard Zwerenz (3 June 1925 in Gablenz, Saxony – 13 July 2015) was a German writer and politician. From 1994 until 1998 he was a member of the Bundestag for the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS). Life Gerhard Zwerenz was born in Gablenz ...
(1925–2015), writer and former Bundestag deputy * Peter Graf (born 1937), painter * Wolf-Dieter Storl (born 1942), ethnobotanist and author *
Klaus Gruner Klaus Gruner (born 22 August 1952 in Frankenhausen, Crimmitschau) is a former East German handball player who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics The 1980 Summer Olympics (russian: Летние Олимпийские игры 1980, L ...
(born 1954), handball player, Olympic champion 1980 *
Udo Kießling Udo Kießling (born 21 May 1955) is a German retired ice hockey player. He competed at all Winter Olympics from 1976 to 1992, thus becoming the first ice hockey player to compete at five Olympics. He represented West Germany at the 1984 Canada ...
(born 1955), ice hockey player *
Gabi Zange Gabriele Zange ( Schönbrunn, born 1 June 1961) is a retired East German speed skater who specialized in the long distances (3000 m and 5000 m), winning three Olympic bronze medals in these events in 1984 and 1988. In 1981 she won a European b ...
(born 1961), speed skater


Honorary citizen

*1895:
Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of ...
, chancellor of the Reich *1984: Walter Richter, gardener


References


External links

*
Coat of Arms
*
ETC-Crimmitschau
*

*
Agricultural and Open-Air Museum of Schloss Blankenhain
*
the Julius-Motteler-Gymnasium of Crimmitschau
{{Authority control Zwickau (district)