Cornelis Corneliszoon van Haarlem (1562 – 11 November 1638) was a

Dutch Golden Age painter Dutch Golden Age painting is the painting of the Dutch Golden Age, a period in Dutch history roughly spanning the 17th century, during and after the later part of the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) for Dutch independence. The new Dutch Republi ...

and draughtsman, one of the leading

Northern Mannerist Northern Mannerism is the form of Mannerism found in the visual arts north of the Alps in the 16th and early 17th centuries. Styles largely derived from Italian Mannerism were found in the Netherlands and elsewhere from around the mid-century, es ...

artists in the Netherlands, and an important forerunner of

Frans Hals Frans Hals the Elder (, ; ; – 26 August 1666) was a Dutch Golden Age painter. He lived and worked in Haarlem, a city in which the local authority of the day frowned on religious painting in places of worship but citizens liked to decorate thei ...

as a portraitist.

Biography

Born in

Haarlem Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English language, English) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the Provinces of the Nether ...

, Cornelis Corneliszoon was a pupil of Pieter Pietersz in Haarlem, and later Gillis Coignet in Antwerp.Cornelis Cornelisz. van Haarlem
in the

RKD The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: ), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center in the world. The center specializes in document ...

He is known among art historians as a member of the Haarlem Mannerists, who were highly influenced by the work of

Bartholomeus Spranger Bartholomeus Spranger or Bartholomaeus SprangerBartholomeus Spranger
at the Netherlands Institute for Art H ...

, whose drawings were brought to Haarlem by Carel van Mander in 1585, and had a strong immediate effect.Slive, 8 He painted mainly portraits as well as

mythological Myth is a genre of folklore consisting primarily of narratives that play a fundamental role in a society. For scholars, this is very different from the vernacular usage of the term "myth" that refers to a belief that is not true. Instead, the ...

and

Biblical The Bible is a collection of religious texts that are central to Christianity and Judaism, and esteemed in other Abrahamic religions such as Islam. The Bible is an anthology (a compilation of texts of a variety of forms) biblical languages ...

subjects. Initially Cornelis Cornelisz painted large-size, highly stylized works with Italianate nudes in twisted poses with a grotesque, unnatural anatomy. Later, his style changed to one based on the

Netherlandish The Low Countries comprise the coastal Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta region in Western Europe, whose definition usually includes the modern countries of Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands and parts of Northern France. Both Belgium and the ...

realist tradition. When his parents fled

, as the Spanish army laid siege to the city in 1573 during the

Eighty Years' War The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt (; 1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish Empire, Spanish government. The Origins of the Eighty Years' War, causes of the w ...

, Cornelis Cornelisz remained behind and was raised by the painter Pieter Pietersz the Elder, his first teacher. Later, in 1580–1581 Corneliszoon studied in

Rouen Rouen (, ; or ) is a city on the River Seine, in northwestern France. It is in the prefecture of Regions of France, region of Normandy (administrative region), Normandy and the Departments of France, department of Seine-Maritime. Formerly one ...

, France, and Antwerp (with Coignet), before returning to Haarlem, where he stayed the rest of his life. He became a respected member of the community and in 1583 he received his first official commission from the city of Haarlem, a militia company portrait, the Banquet of the Haarlem Civic Guard. He later became city painter of Haarlem and received numerous official commissions. As a portrait painter, both of groups and individuals, he was an important influence on Frans Hals. He married Maritgen Arentsdr Deyman, the daughter of a mayor of Haarlem, sometime before 1603. In 1605, he inherited a third of his wealthy father-in-law's estate.

Works

Together with Carel van Mander,

Hendrick Goltzius Hendrick Goltzius (, ; born Goltz; January or February 1558 – 1 January 1617) was a German-born Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and painter. He was the leading Dutch engraver of the early Baroque period, or Northern Mannerism, lauded for his ...

and other artists, he started an informal drawing school that has become known in art history circles as the Haarlem Academy or "Haarlem Mannerists". Probably this was a very informal grouping, perhaps meeting to draw nude models, and certainly to exchange artistic views. Corneliszoon also played a role in the failed attempt to make a new charter for the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke in 1630, which tried to raise the status of the artists. His registered pupils were Salomon de Bray, Cornelis Jacobsz Delff, Cornelis Engelsz, and Gerrit Pietersz Sweelink. Among his students was Cornelis Claesz Heda (brother of

Willem Claeszoon Heda Willem Claeszoon Heda (December 14, 1593/1594c. 1680/1682) was a Dutch Golden Age artist from the city of Haarlem devoted exclusively to the painting of still life. He is known for his innovation of the late breakfast genre of still life painting. ...

), who seems to have exported Cornelisz' particular brand of mannerism to India, where he was active at the court of the sultan of

Bijapur Bijapur (officially Vijayapura) is the district headquarters of Bijapur district of the Karnataka state of India. It is also the headquarters for Bijapur Taluk. Bijapur city is well known for its historical monuments of architectural importa ...

.Gijs Kruijtze
Xenophobia in Seventeenth-Century India
(Leiden: Leiden University Press, 2009), 21 Paintings by him are on display at the

Frans Hals Museum The Frans Hals Museum (formerly ''Stedelijk Museum van Haarlem'') is a museum in the North Holland city of Haarlem, the Netherlands, founded in 1862, known as the Art Museum of Haarlem. Its collection is based on the city's own rich collection, b ...

in Haarlem, the

Rijksmuseum The Rijksmuseum () is the national museum of the Netherlands dedicated to Dutch arts and history and is located in Amsterdam. The museum is located at the Museum Square in the borough of Amsterdam South, close to the Van Gogh Museum, the S ...

in Amsterdam, the

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...

in Paris, the

National Gallery The National Gallery is an art museum in Trafalgar Square in the City of Westminster, in Central London, England. Founded in 1824, it houses a collection of more than 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. The current di ...

in London, the Hermitage in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

, the Bass Museum in

Miami Beach Miami Beach is a coastal resort city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. The municipality is located on natural and human-made barrier islands between the Atlantic Ocean an ...

, and other museums.

Gallery

Image:Cornelis van Haarlem - De eerste familie.jpg, ''The first family'' (Noah and his family) (c.1582–1592) File:Cornelis Cornelisz. van Haarlem - The Fall of Ixion - Google Art Project.jpg, ''The Fall of

Ixion In Greek mythology, Ixion ( ; ) was king of the Lapiths, the most ancient tribe of Thessaly. Family Ixion was the son of Ares, or Leonteus (mythology), Leonteus, or Antion and Perimele, or the notorious evildoer Phlegyas, whose name connotes " ...

'', (1588) Image:Cornelis van Haarlem - Doopsel van Christus.jpg, '' The Baptism of Christ'' (c.1588) Image:Cornelis van Haarlem - Bethlehemse kindermoord.jpg, ''Massacre of the Innocents'' (1590) 'Hercules and Achelous' by Cornelis Cornelisz. van Haarlem, 1590.jpg, ''Hercules and Achelous'' (1590) Image:The Holy Family by Cornelis van Haarlem 1590.jpeg, ''The

Holy Family The Holy Family consists of the Child Jesus, the Virgin Mary and Saint Joseph. The subject became popular in art from the 1490s on,Ainsworth, 122 but veneration of the Holy Family was formally begun in the 17th century by Saint François de La ...

'' (1590) Image:Cornelis Cornelisz van Haarlem - Een monnik en een begijn - 1590.jpg, ''Nun and Monk'' (1591) File:Cornelis van Haarlem Christ.jpg, ''

Christ Jesus ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a 1st-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. He is the Jesus in Christianity, central figure of Christianity, the M ...

the Redeemer'', c. 1591. Image:Cornelis van Haarlem - De zondeval.jpg, ''Adam and Eve'' (1592) File:WLANL - legalizefreedom - De bruiloft van Peleus en Thetis.jpg, ''The Wedding of Peleus and Thetis'', c. 1592–93 Image:Cornelis Cornelisz van Haarlem - Pieter Jansz Kies.jpg, ''Portrait of Pieter Jansz Kies'' (1596) Cornelis van Haarlem - Banket van de officieren van de St. Jorisdoelen.jpg, ''Banquet of the Officers of the Company of St. George'' (1599) Cornelis van Haarlem - Venus en Adonis.jpg, ''Venus and Adonis'' (1614) Allegory of Repentance mg 0014.jpg, '' Allegory of Vanity and Repentance'' (1616) (oil on panel) Image:Cornelis Cornelisz. van Haarlem 005.jpg, ''The

Good Samaritan In most contexts, the concept of good denotes the conduct that should be preferred when posed with a choice between possible actions. Good is generally considered to be the opposite of evil. The specific meaning and etymology of the term and its ...

'' (1627) (oil on panel)

Notes

References

*Seymour Slive, ''Dutch Painting, 1600–1800'', Yale UP, 1995.

External links

*
Web Gallery of ArtGetty Museum
{{DEFAULTSORT:Haarlem, Cornelis Corneliszoon van 1562 births 1638 deaths Dutch Mannerist painters Dutch male painters Painters from Haarlem Dutch Golden Age painters Dutch draughtsmen