
Convolvulaceae (), commonly called the
bindweeds or
morning glories
Morning glory (also written as morning-glory) is the common name for over 1,000 species of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae, whose current taxonomy and systematics are in flux. Morning glory species belong to many genera, some of ...
, is a
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species. These species are primarily
herbaceous
Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials.
Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous"
The fourth edition ...
vine
A vine ( Latin ''vīnea'' "grapevine", "vineyard", from ''vīnum'' "wine") is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners thems ...
s, but also include
tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...
s,
shrubs and
herb
In general use, herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables and other plants consumed for macronutrients, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicina ...
s. The
tubers
Tubers are a type of enlarged structure used as storage organs for nutrients in some plants. They are used for the plant's perennation (survival of the winter or dry months), to provide energy and nutrients for regrowth during the next growing ...
of several species are edible, the best known of which is the
sweet potato
The sweet potato or sweetpotato ('' Ipomoea batatas'') is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are used as a root vegetable. The young ...
.
Description
Convolvulaceae can be recognized by their funnel-shaped, radially symmetrical
corolla
Corolla may refer to:
*Corolla (botany), the petals of a flower, considered as a unit
*Toyota Corolla, an automobile model name
* Corolla (headgear), an ancient headdress in the form of a circlet or crown
* ''Corolla'' (gastropod), a genus of moll ...
; the floral formula for the family has five
sepals
A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...
, five fused
petals
Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. All of the petals of a flower are collectively known as the ''corolla''. Petals are usuall ...
, five epipetalous
stamens
The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10
Morphology and terminology
A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...
(stamens fused to the petals), and a two-part
syncarpous
Gynoecium (; ) is most commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds. The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of a flower; it consists of (one or more) '' pistils' ...
and superior
gynoecium
Gynoecium (; ) is most commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds. The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of a flower; it consists of (one or more) '' pistil ...
. The stems of these plants are usually winding, hence their Latin name (from ''convolvere'', "to wind"). The leaves are simple and alternate, without
stipule
In botany, a stipule is an outgrowth typically borne on both sides (sometimes on just one side) of the base of a leafstalk (the petiole). Stipules are considered part of the anatomy of the leaf of a typical flowering plant, although in many speci ...
s. In parasitic
Cuscuta
''Cuscuta'' (), commonly known as dodder or amarbel, is a genus of over 201 species of yellow, orange, or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, it now is accepted as belonging in the ...
(dodder) they are reduced to scales. The fruit can be a capsule, berry, or nut, all containing only two seeds per one
locule
A locule (plural locules) or loculus (plural loculi) (meaning "little place" in Latin) is a small cavity or compartment within an organ or part of an organism (animal, plant, or fungus).
In angiosperms (flowering plants), the term ''locule'' usu ...
(one
ovule
In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the '' integument'', forming its outer layer, the ''nucellus'' (or remnant of the megasporangium), and the f ...
/
ovary
The ovary is an organ in the female reproductive system that produces an ovum. When released, this travels down the fallopian tube into the uterus, where it may become fertilized by a sperm. There is an ovary () found on each side of the bod ...
).

The leaves and starchy,
tuberous root
Tubers are a type of enlarged structure used as storage organs for nutrients in some plants. They are used for the plant's perennation (survival of the winter or dry months), to provide energy and nutrients for regrowth during the next growing ...
s of some species are used as
food
Food is any substance consumed by an organism for nutritional support. Food is usually of plant, animal, or fungal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is ...
stuffs (e.g.
sweet potato
The sweet potato or sweetpotato ('' Ipomoea batatas'') is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are used as a root vegetable. The young ...
and
water spinach
''Ipomoea aquatica'', widely known as water spinach, is a semi- aquatic, tropical plant grown as a vegetable for its tender shoots. ''I. aquatica'' is generally believed to have been first domesticated in Southeast Asia. It is widely cultiv ...
), and the seeds are exploited for their medicinal value as
purgative
Laxatives, purgatives, or aperients are substances that loosen stools and increase bowel movements. They are used to treat and prevent constipation.
Laxatives vary as to how they work and the side effects they may have. Certain stimulant, lubri ...
s. Some species contain
ergoline
Ergoline is a chemical compound whose structural skeleton is contained in a variety of alkaloids, referred to as ergoline derivatives or ergoline alkaloids. Ergoline alkaloids, one being ergine, were initially characterized in ergot. Some of the ...
alkaloids
Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Some synthetic compounds of similar ...
that are likely responsible for the use of these species as ingredients in
psychedelic
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary states of consciousness (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips").Pollan, Michael (2018). ''How to Change Your Mind: What the New Science ...
drugs
A drug is any chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's physiology or psychology when consumed. Drugs are typically distinguished from food and substances that provide nutritional support. Consumption of drugs can be via inhalat ...
(e.g.
ololiuhqui
''Ipomoea corymbosa'' is a species of morning glory, native throughout Latin America from Mexico as far south as Peru and widely naturalised elsewhere. Its common names include Christmasvine, Christmaspops, and snakeplant.
Description and names ...
). The presence of ergolines in some species of this family is due to infection by
fungi
A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified ...
related to the ergot fungi of the genus ''
Claviceps
Ergot ( ) or ergot fungi refers to a group of fungi of the genus ''Claviceps''.
The most prominent member of this group is '' Claviceps purpurea'' ("rye ergot fungus"). This fungus grows on rye and related plants, and produces alkaloids that ca ...
''. A recent study of Convolvulaceae species, ''
Ipomoea asarifolia
''Ipomoea asarifolia'', the ginger-leaf morning-glory, is a species of plant in the family Convolvulaceae, of the genus ''Ipomoea
''Ipomoea'' () is the largest genus in the plant family Convolvulaceae, with over 600 species. It is a larg ...
'', and its associated
fungi
A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified ...
showed the presence of a fungus, identified by
DNA sequencing of 18s and ITS
ribosomal DNA
Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is a DNA sequence that codes for ribosomal RNA. These sequences regulate transcription initiation and amplification, and contain both transcribed and non-transcribed spacer segments.
In the human genome there are 5 chrom ...
and
phylogenetic analysis
In biology
Biology is the scientific study of life. It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. For instance, all organisms are made up of cells that pro ...
to be closely related to fungi in the family
Clavicipitaceae
The Clavicipitaceae are a family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genera in the family, but recent work has increased this number to 97.
Phylogeny
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of multigene DNA sequence data i ...
, was always associated with the presence of ergoline alkaloids in the plant. The identified fungus appears to be a seed-transmitted, obligate
biotroph
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson ha ...
growing
epiphytic
An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...
ally on its host. This finding strongly suggests the unique presence of ergoline alkaloids in some species of the family Convolvulaceae is due to
symbiosis with
clavicipitaceous fungi. Moreover, another group of compounds,
loline alkaloids
A loline alkaloid is a member of the 1-aminopyrrolizidines (often referred to as lolines), which are bioactive natural products with several distinct biological and chemical features. The lolines are insecticidal and insect-deterrent compounds t ...
, commonly produced by some members of the clavicipitaceous fungi (genus ''
Neotyphodium
''Neotyphodium'' is a genus of endophytic fungi symbiotic with grasses. It used to contain a number of asexually reproducing species that colonize the leaves of cool-season grasses, but most of them, including the type species '' N. coenophialu ...
''), has been identified in a convolvulaceous species, but the origin of the loline alkaloids in this species is unknown.
Members of the family are well known as showy garden plants (e.g.
morning glory
Morning glory (also written as morning-glory) is the common name for over 1,000 species of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae, whose current taxonomy and systematics are in flux. Morning glory species belong to many genus, genera, ...
) and as troublesome weeds (e.g.
bindweed
Bindweed may refer to:
* Some species of Convolvulaceae (bindweed family or morning glory family):
** '' Calystegia'' (bindweed, false bindweed, morning glory), a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants
** ''Convolvulus'' (bindweed, morning ...
(mainly ''
'' and ''
Calystegia
''Calystegia'' (bindweed, false bindweed, or morning glory) is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the bindweed family Convolvulaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution in temperate and subtropical regions, but with half o ...
'') and
dodder
''Cuscuta'' (), commonly known as dodder or amarbel, is a genus of over 201 species of yellow, orange, or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, it now is accepted as belonging in the ...
), while ''
Humbertia madagascariensis
''Humbertia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae (morning glory family). It only contains one species, ''Humbertia madagascariensis'' Lam. It is native to Madagascar. It is known in French as ; it i ...
'' is a medium-sized tree and ''
Ipomoea carnea
''Ipomoea carnea'', the pink morning glory, is a species of morning glory that grows as a bush. This flowering plant has heart-shaped leaves that are a rich green and long. It can be easily grown from seeds. These seeds are toxic and it can be ...
'' is an erect shrub. Some parasitic members of this family are also used medicinally.
Genera
;Tribe Aniseieae
*''
Aniseia
''Aniseia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Tropical and Subtropical America.
Species:
*'' Aniseia argentina''
*'' Aniseia luxurians''
*'' Aniseia martinicensis''
References
{{ ...
''
Choisy
*''
Odonellia
''Odonellia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Mexico and parts of Southern Tropical America. It is found in Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nica ...
''
K.R.Robertson
*''
Tetralocularia
''Tetralocularia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Southern Tropical America.
Species:
*''Tetralocularia pennellii''
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q9086472
Convolvulaceae
Convol ...
''
O'Donell
;Tribe Cardiochlamyeae
*''
Cardiochlamys
''Cardiochlamys'' is a genus of flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, ve ...
''
Oliv.
*''
Cordisepalum
''Cordisepalum'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Indo-China.
Species:
*'' Cordisepalum phalanthopetalum''
*'' Cordisepalum thorelii''
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q309844
Conv ...
''
Verdc.
*''
Dinetus''
Buch.-Ham. ex Sweet
*''
Duperreya
''Duperreya'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Australia.
Its genus name of ''Duperreya'' is in honour of Louis Isidore Duperrey (1786–1865), French explorer, and it was published in ...
''
Gaudich.
*''
Poranopsis
''Poranopsis'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Na ...
''
Roberty
*''
Tridynamia
''Tridynamia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Assam to China and Malaysian Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula ( Malay: ''Semenanjung Tanah Melayu'') is a peninsula in Mainland Southe ...
''
Gagnep.
;Tribe Convolvuleae
*''
Calystegia
''Calystegia'' (bindweed, false bindweed, or morning glory) is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the bindweed family Convolvulaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution in temperate and subtropical regions, but with half o ...
''
R.Br. – Bindweed,
morning glory
Morning glory (also written as morning-glory) is the common name for over 1,000 species of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae, whose current taxonomy and systematics are in flux. Morning glory species belong to many genus, genera, ...
*''
''
L. – bindweed, morning glory
*''
Jacquemontia
''Jacquemontia'' is a Genus (biology), genus of plants in the morning glory family Convolvulaceae. Species in this genus are commonly known as clustervine.
Species
Over one hundred species are recognised:
* ''Jacquemontia abutiloides''
* ...
''
Choisy
*''
Polymeria
''Polymeria'' is a genus of plants in the tribe Convolvuleae in the family Convolvulaceae. Plants of this genus typically bear at least somewhat elongated leaves with bases of an at least subtly sagittate shape. Other generic typicalities include ...
''
R.Br.
;Tribe Cresseae
*''
Bonamia
''Bonamia'' is a genus of the flowering plant family Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae (), commonly called the bindweeds or morning glories, is a family of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species. These species are primarily herbaceous vin ...
''
Thouars
*''
Cladostigma
''Cladostigma'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Northeastern & Eastern Tropical Africa, Southwestern Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِ� ...
''
Radlk.
*''
Cressa''
L.
*''
Evolvulus''
L.
*''
Hildebrandtia''
Vatke
*''
Seddera
''Seddera'' is a genus of plants in the bindweed family Convolvulaceae. There are currently 20 known species of the plant. Although it is mainly African, the plant extends to Arabia and India.
Species
The following species are recognised in the ...
''
Hochst.
*''
Stylisma
''Stylisma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the morning glory family, commonly known as dawnflowers. This genus is native to the eastern United States.
This genus consists of low vining or trailing herbs. They are found primarily in the Sout ...
''
Raf.
*''
Wilsonia''
R. Br.
;Tribe Cuscuteae
*''
Cuscuta
''Cuscuta'' (), commonly known as dodder or amarbel, is a genus of over 201 species of yellow, orange, or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, it now is accepted as belonging in the ...
''
L. – dodder
;Tribe Dichondreae
*''
Dichondra
''Dichondra'' is a small genus of flowering plants in the morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. They are prostrate, perennial, herbaceous plants, with creeping stems which take root readily at the leaf nodes. The flowers are white, greenish or ye ...
''
J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
*''
Falkia
''Falkia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae, native to southern Africa, eastern Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. They are creeping perennial herbs.
Species
Currently accepted species include:
*'' Falkia canescens'' ...
''
Thunb.
*''
Nephrophyllum
''Nephrophyllum'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. The only species is ''Nephrophyllum abyssinicum''.
Its native range is Northeastern Tropical Africa.
References
{{Taxonbar, from1=Q9049540, f ...
''
A.Rich.
*''
Petrogenia
''Petrogenia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. The only species is ''Petrogenia repens''.
Its native range is Texas to Northeastern Mexico.
References
{{Taxonbar, from1=Q6073610, from2=Q3863 ...
''
I.M.Johnst.
;Tribe Erycibeae
*''
Erycibe
''Erycibe'' is a genus of plants in the family Convolvulaceae, found in the Andaman Islands, Sri Lanka, India including Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar, east Himalaya, southern and southeastern China including Hainan and Taiwan, Southeast Asia, Males ...
''
Roxb.
;Tribe Humbertieae
*''
Humbertia
''Humbertia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae (morning glory family). It only contains one species, ''Humbertia madagascariensis'' Lam. It is native to Madagascar. It is known in French as ; it is en ...
''
;Tribe Ipomoeeae
*''
Argyreia
''Argyreia'' is a genus of plants in the family Convolvulaceae.
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Argyreia'':
* '' Argyreia adpressa'' (Choisy) Boerl.
* '' Argyreia akoensis '' S.Z.Yang, P.H.Chen & Staples
* '' Argyr ...
''
Lour. –
Hawaiian baby woodrose
''Argyreia nervosa'' is a perennial climbing vine native to the Indian subcontinent and introduced to numerous areas worldwide, including Hawaii, Africa, and the Caribbean. Though it can be invasive, it is often prized for its aesthetic and me ...
*''
Astripomoea
''Astripomoea'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Tropical and Southern Africa, Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَ ...
''
A.Meeuse
*''
Blinkworthia
''Blinkworthia'' is a genus of flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, ves ...
''
Choisy
*''
Ipomoea
''Ipomoea'' () is the largest genus in the plant family Convolvulaceae, with over 600 species. It is a large and diverse group, with common names including morning glory, water convolvulus or water spinach, sweet potato, bindweed, moonf ...
''
L. –
morning glory
Morning glory (also written as morning-glory) is the common name for over 1,000 species of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae, whose current taxonomy and systematics are in flux. Morning glory species belong to many genus, genera, ...
,
sweet potato
The sweet potato or sweetpotato ('' Ipomoea batatas'') is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are used as a root vegetable. The young ...
*''
Lepistemon
''Lepistemon'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae (), commonly called the bindweeds or morning glories, is a family of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species. These species are primarily ...
''
Blume
*''
Lepistemonopsis
''Lepistemonopsis'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('c ...
''
Dammer
*''
Paralepistemon
''Paralepistemon'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Southern Congo to KwaZulu-Natal
KwaZulu-Natal (, also referred to as KZN and known as "the garden province") is a province of Sou ...
''
Lejoly & Lisowski
*''
Rivea
''Rivea'' is a genus of plants in the bindweed family '' Convolvulaceae''.
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Rivea'':
*'' Rivea hypocrateriformis'' (Desr.) Choisy
*'' Rivea ornata'' (Roxb.) Choisy
*'' Rivea wightiana'' R.R.Mil ...
''
Choisy
*''
Stictocardia
''Stictocardia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Tropical and Subtropical Old World
The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became ...
''
Hallier f.
;Tribe Maripeae
*''
Dicranostyles
''Dicranostyles'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Central and Southern Tropical America.
Species:
*''Dicranostyles ampla''
*'' Dicranostyles costanensis''
*''Dicranostyles densa''
* ...
''
Benth.
*''
Itzaea
''Itzaea'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. The only species is ''Itzaea sericea''. It was first published in the Field Museum of Natural History, Field Musem of Natural History Botanical Series in 1 ...
''
Standl. & Steyerm.
*''
Lysiostyles
''Lysiostyles'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('conta ...
''
Benth.
*''
Maripa''
Aubl.
;Tribe Poraneae
*''
Calycobolus
''Calycobolus'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Southern Tropical America, Western Africa to Angola.
Species:
*'' Calycobolus acuminatus''
*'' Calycobolus acutus''
*''Calycobolus a ...
''
Willd. ex Schult.
*''
Dipteropeltis
The family Argulidae, whose members are commonly known as carp lice or fish lice, are parasitic crustaceans in the class Ichthyostraca. It is the only family in the monotypic subclass Branchiura and the order Arguloida, although a second family ...
''
Hallier f.
*''
Metaporana
''Metaporana'' is a genus of plant
Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all ...
''
N.E.Br.
*''
Neuropeltis
''Neuropeltis'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Western Tropical Africa to Angola, India to Southern Central China and Western Malesia.
Species:
*''Neuropeltis acuminata''
*''Neuropelt ...
''
Wall.
*''
Neuropeltopsis
''Neuropeltopsis'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. The only species is ''Neuropeltopsis alba''.
Its native range is Borneo
Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the w ...
''
Ooststr.
*''
Porana
''Porana'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Indo-China to Malesia, Mexico.
Species:
*''Porana nutans''
*''Porana volubilis''
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q310382
Convolvulaceae
...
''
Burm.f.
*''
Rapona
''Rapona'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, ...
''
Baill.
;''
Incertae sedis
' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...
''
*''
Camonea
''Camonea'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Tropics and Subtropics.
Species:
*'' Camonea bambusetorum''
*'' Camonea kingii''
*'' Camonea pilosa''
*'' Camonea umbellata''
*'' Camo ...
''
Raf.
*''
Daustinia
''Daustinia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. It only contains one known species, ''Daustinia montana''.
Its native range is eastern Brazil.
The genus name of ''Daustinia'' is in honour of Dan ...
''
Buril & Simões
*''
Decalobanthus
''Decalobanthus'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Tanzania, Western Indian Ocean, Tropical and Subtropical Asia to Pacific.
Species:
*''Decalobanthus bimbim''
*''Decalobanthus boisian ...
''
Ooststr.
*''
Distimake
''Distimake'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Tropics and Subtropics.
Species:
*'' Distimake aegyptius''
*'' Distimake ampelophyllus''
*'' Distimake aturensis''
*'' Distimake aureu ...
''
Raf.
*''
Hewittia
''Hewittia'' is a monotypic taxon, monotypic genus of African Thomisidae, crab spiders containing the single species, ''Hewittia gracilis''. It was first described by R. de Lessert in 1928, and is found in the Central_Africa, Congo.
See also
* Li ...
''
Wight & Arn.
*''
Hyalocystis
''Hyalocystis'' is a genus of flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vesse ...
''
Hallier f.
*''
Keraunea
''Keraunea'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, includes about 2,000 species of shrubs, trees and herbs in 146, to 156 genera with a worldwide distribution.
T ...
''
Cheek & Sim.-Bianch.
*''
Merremia
''Merremia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. Members of the genus are commonly known as woodroses.
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Merremia'':
*'' M. aniseiifolia ...
''
Dennst. ex Endl. – Hawaiian woodrose
*''
Operculina
''Operculina'' is a genus of plants in the morning-glory family which that are found throughout the world.
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Operculina'':
*'' Operculina aequisepala'' (Domin) R. W. Johnson
*'' Opercul ...
''
Silva Manso
*''
Remirema
''Remirema'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
Its native range is Indo-China.
Species:
* ''Remirema bracteata'' Kerr
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q10359190
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae genera ...
''
Kerr
*''
Xenostegia
''Xenostegia'', the morningvines, are a genus of flowering plants in the bindweed and morning glory family Convolvulaceae, found across the Old World Tropics and Subtropics, from Africa, Madagascar, the Indian Subcontinent, southern Asia and Aus ...
''
D.F.Austin & Staples
References
Further reading
*
Austin, D. F. 1997. Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory Family)Convolvulus planti
L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.*
Costea, M. 2007-onwards. Digital Atlas of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae)*Lyons, K. E. 2001
The Nature Conservancy.
*Calif. Dept. of Food and Agriculture. Undated
*Univ. of Idaho Extension. 1999
*Hodges, L. 2003.
ttps://web.archive.org/web/20060110085109/http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/horticulture/nf585.htm Bindweed identification and control options for organic production.NebFacts. Univ. of Nebraska – Lincoln Cooperative Extension
*Univ. of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. 2003
Field Bindweed. Pest Notes. Publ. # 7462*Washington State Univ. Cooperative Extension. Undated
Hortsense: Weeds: Field bindweed (Wild morningglory): ''Convolvulus arvensis''*Sullivan, P. 2004
Field bindweed control alternatives.ATTRA. National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service.
*Lanini, W. T. Undated
University of California, Davis Cooperative Extension.
*Cox, H. R. 1915. The eradication of bindweed or wild morning-glory. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Farmers’ Bulletin 368. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office.
*
*New Mexico State Univ. Cooperative Extension Service. 2004
Managing ''Aceria malherbae'' gall mites for control of field bindweed.*
External links
Convolvulaceae UnlimitedFlowers in Israel
{{Authority control
Asterid families