Coneweb spiders (Diguetidae) are six-eyed

haplogyne The Haplogynae or haplogynes are one of the two main groups into which araneomorph spiders have traditionally been divided, the other being the Entelegynae. Morphological phylogenetic studies suggested that the Haplogynae formed a clade; more re ...

spider Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species d ...

s that live in tangled space

web Web most often refers to: * Spider web, a silken structure created by the animal * World Wide Web or the Web, an Internet-based hypertext system Web, WEB, or the Web may also refer to: Computing * WEB, a literate programming system created b ...

s, fashioning a cone-like central retreat where they hide and lay

egg An egg is an organic vessel grown by an animal to carry a possibly fertilized egg cell (a zygote) and to incubate from it an embryo within the egg until the embryo has become an animal fetus that can survive on its own, at which point the a ...

s. It is a small family, containing only two

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial ...

with fifteen species and is confined to the

New World The term ''New World'' is often used to mean the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. ...

, preferring deserts. Members of the genus ''

Diguetia ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' usually build their webs in shrubs or between

cactus A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Gre ...

pads. They have the same eye arrangement as the

venomous Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a ...

recluse spider The recluse spiders (''Loxosceles'' (), also known as brown spiders, fiddle-backs, violin spiders, and reapers, is a genus of spiders that was first described by R. T. Lowe in 1832. They are venomous spiders known for their bite, which sometimes ...

s (family ''Sicariidae''), but none are known to be harmful to

human Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...

Taxonomy

The group was first created by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1899 as the subfamily Diguetiinae of the family

Scytodidae Spitting spiders (Scytodidae) is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by John Blackwall in 1864. It contains over 250 species in five genera, of which '' Scytodes'' is the best-known. Description Like recluse spiders and coneweb spi ...

. It was raised to the rank of family by

Willis J. Gertsch Willis John Gertsch (October 4, 1906 – December 12, 1998) was an American arachnologist. He described over 1,000 species of spiders, scorpions, and other arachnids, including the Brown recluse spider and the Tooth cave spider. Gertsch was bor ...

using the spelling "Diguetidae". Pickard-Cambridge's use of double "i" is correct according to Article 29.3 of the

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals. It is also informally known as the ICZN Code, for its publisher, the Int ...

, since the name is based on the genus ''Diguetia''. In 2004,

Jörg Wonderlich Jörg or Joerg () is a German name, equivalent to George in English. * Jörg Bergmeister, German race car driver * Jörg Frischmann, German Paralympian athlete * Jörg Haider, Austrian politician * Jörg Andrees Elten (also Swami Satyananda), Ger ...

suggested reducing it again to a subfamily, this time of

Plectreuridae Plectreuridae, also called plectreurid spiders, is a small spider family confined to the Southwestern United States, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Only two living genera are known—the nominate genus ''Plectreurys'' and ''Kibramoa''. In the past, ...

. However, it is still sometimes considered a subfamily of the

Genera and species

, the

World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...

accepts the following genera:

''Diguetia''

'' Simon, 1895 *''

Diguetia albolineata ''Diguetia albolineata'' is a species of desertshrub spider in the family Diguetidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico. References Diguetidae Spiders of Mexico Spiders of the United States Spiders described in 1895 Taxa name ...

'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895) — USA, Mexico *''

Diguetia andersoni ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA *''

Diguetia canities ''Diguetia canities'', commonly called the desert bush spider, is a species of coneweb spider found in desert and semidesert habitats in the United States from California eastward to Oklahoma and Texas. This rather hairy spider has a body lengt ...

'' (McCook, 1890) — USA, Mexico *''

Diguetia canities dialectica ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' Chamberlin, 1924 — Mexico *''

Diguetia canities mulaiki ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA *''

Diguetia catamarquensis ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' (Mello-Leitão, 1941) — Argentina *''

Diguetia imperiosa ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940 — USA, Mexico *''

Diguetia mojavea ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA *''

Diguetia propinqua ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) — Mexico *''

Diguetia signata ''Diguetia signata'' is a species of desertshrub spider in the family Diguetidae Coneweb spiders (Diguetidae) are six-eyed haplogyne spiders that live in tangled space webs, fashioning a cone-like central retreat where they hide and lay eggs. ...

'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA, Mexico *''

Diguetia stridulans ''Diguetia'' is a genus of coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. Members of this genus are six-eyed spiders that are either white or patterned. They are common in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and one s ...

'' Chamberlin, 1924 — Mexico

''Segestrioides''

Segestrioides ''Segestrioides'' is a genus of South American coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1883. Originally placed with the recluse spiders, it was moved to the coneweb spiders in 1983. Species it contains four species: ...

'' Keyserling, 1883 *''

Segestrioides badia ''Segestrioides'' is a genus of South American coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1883. Originally placed with the recluse spiders, it was moved to the coneweb spiders in 1983. Species it contains four species ...

'' (Simon, 1903) – Brazil *''

Segestrioides bicolor ''Segestrioides'' is a genus of South American coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1883. Originally placed with the recluse spiders, it was moved to the coneweb spiders in 1983. Species it contains four species ...

'' Keyserling, 1883 (

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...

) – Peru *''

Segestrioides copiapo ''Segestrioides'' is a genus of South American coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1883. Originally placed with the recluse spiders, it was moved to the coneweb spiders in 1983. Species it contains four species ...

'' Platnick, 1989 – Chile *''

Segestrioides tofo ''Segestrioides'' is a genus of South American coneweb spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1883. Originally placed with the recluse spiders, it was moved to the coneweb spiders in 1983. Species it contains four species ...

'' Platnick, 1989 – Chile

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q10054 Diguetidae Taxa named by Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge

Taxonomy

Genera and species

''Diguetia''

''Segestrioides''

See also

References

External links