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Science and technology


Astronomy

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Cluster (spacecraft) Ariane flight V88 was the failed maiden flight of the Arianespace Ariane 5 rocket, vehicle no. 501, on 4 June 1996. It carried the Cluster spacecraft, a constellation of four European Space Agency research satellites. The launch ended in fai ...
, constellation of four European Space Agency spacecraft *
Asteroid cluster An asteroid family is a population of asteroids that share similar proper orbital elements, such as semimajor axis, eccentricity, and orbital inclination. The members of the families are thought to be fragments of past asteroid collisions. An ...
, a small asteroid family *
Cluster II (spacecraft) Cluster II is a space mission of the European Space Agency, with NASA participation, to study the Earth's magnetosphere over the course of nearly two solar cycles. The mission is composed of four identical spacecraft flying in a tetrahedral f ...
, a European Space Agency mission to study the magnetosphere *
Galaxy cluster A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. They are the second-la ...
, large gravitationally bound groups of galaxies, or groups of groups of galaxies *
Supercluster A supercluster is a large group of smaller galaxy clusters or galaxy groups; they are among the largest known structures in the universe. The Milky Way is part of the Local Group galaxy group (which contains more than 54 galaxies), which in turn ...
, the largest gravitationally bound objects in the universe, composed of many galaxy clusters *
Star cluster Star clusters are large groups of stars. Two main types of star clusters can be distinguished: globular clusters are tight groups of ten thousand to millions of old stars which are gravitationally bound, while open clusters are more loosely clus ...
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Globular cluster A globular cluster is a spheroidal conglomeration of stars. Globular clusters are bound together by gravity, with a higher concentration of stars towards their centers. They can contain anywhere from tens of thousands to many millions of memb ...
, a spherical collection of stars whose orbit is either partially or completely in the halo of the parent galaxy **
Open cluster An open cluster is a type of star cluster made of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud and have roughly the same age. More than 1,100 open clusters have been discovered within the Milky Way galaxy, and ...
, a spherical collection of stars that orbits a galaxy in the galactic plane


Biology and medicine

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Cancer cluster A cancer cluster is a disease cluster in which a high number of cancer cases occurs in a group of people in a particular geographic area over a limited period of time.
, in biomedicine, an occurrence of a greater-than-expected number of cancer cases *
Cluster headache Cluster headache (CH) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye(s). There is often accompanying eye watering, nasal congestion, or swelling around the eye on the a ...
, a neurological disease that involves an immense degree of pain *
Cluster of differentiation The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophen ...
, protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules present on white blood cells *
Winter cluster In beekeeping, a winter cluster is a well-defined cluster of honey bees that forms inside a beehive when the air temperature dips below 10 to 14 °C (50 to 57 F). Honey bees are one of but a few kinds of insects that survive the winter as a c ...
, in beekeeping, a well-defined cluster of honey bees in cold temperatures *
Disease cluster A disease cluster is an unusually large aggregation of a relatively uncommon medical condition or event within a particular geographical location or period. Recognition of a cluster depends on its size being seen as greater than would be expected ...
, a grouping of cases of disease *
Gene cluster A gene family is a set of homologous genes within one organism. A gene cluster is a group of two or more genes found within an organism's DNA that encode similar polypeptides, or proteins, which collectively share a generalized function and are o ...
, a group of genes (or proteins, or metabolites) whose expression or concentration is similar across a range of conditions * Cluster of microorganisms, as in a
colony In modern parlance, a colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule. Though dominated by the foreign colonizers, colonies remain separate from the administration of the original country of the colonizers, the ''metropole, metropolit ...


Computer science

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Computer cluster A computer cluster is a set of computers that work together so that they can be viewed as a single system. Unlike grid computers, computer clusters have each node set to perform the same task, controlled and scheduled by software. The comp ...
, a set of computers that work together * Data cluster, a group of disk sectors used in a File Allocation Table


Statistics

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Cluster analysis Cluster analysis or clustering is the task of grouping a set of objects in such a way that objects in the same group (called a cluster) are more similar (in some sense) to each other than to those in other groups (clusters). It is a main task of ...
, a set of techniques for grouping a set of objects based on intrinsic similarities *
Cluster sampling In statistics, cluster sampling is a sampling plan used when mutually homogeneous yet internally heterogeneous groupings are evident in a statistical population. It is often used in marketing research. In this sampling plan, the total popul ...
, a sampling technique used when "natural" groupings are evident in a statistical population * Clusterable graph, in
balance theory In the psychology of motivation, balance theory is a theory of attitude change, proposed by Fritz Heider. It conceptualizes the cognitive consistency motive as a drive toward psychological balance. The consistency motive is the urge to maintain on ...


Other uses in science and technology

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CLUSTER may refer to: Science and technology Astronomy * Cluster (spacecraft), constellation of four European Space Agency spacecraft * Asteroid cluster, a small asteroid family * Cluster II (spacecraft), a European Space Agency mission to study th ...
, the Consortium Linking Universities of Science and Technology for Education and Research *
Cluster (physics) In physics, the term clusters denotes small, polyatomic particles. As a rule of thumb, any particle made of between 3×100 and 3×107 atoms is considered a cluster. The term can also refer to the organization of protons and neutrons within an ato ...
, a small group of atoms or molecules *
Cluster bomb A cluster munition is a form of air-dropped or ground-launched explosive weapon that releases or ejects smaller submunitions. Commonly, this is a cluster bomb that ejects explosive bomblets that are designed to kill personnel and destroy vehic ...
, a type of air-dropped or ground-launched shells *
Cluster chemistry In chemistry, an atom cluster (or simply cluster) is an ensemble of bound atoms or molecules that is intermediate in size between a simple molecule and a nanoparticle; that is, up to a few nanometers (nm) in diameter. The term ''microcluster' ...
, an array of bound atoms intermediate in character between a molecule and a solid *
Consonant cluster In linguistics, a consonant cluster, consonant sequence or consonant compound, is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel. In English, for example, the groups and are consonant clusters in the word ''splits''. In the education f ...
, in linguistics *
Language cluster A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated vari ...
or dialect cluster, a geographic distribution of languages *
Instrument cluster For business applications, see Dashboard (business). A dashboard (also called dash, instrument panel (IP), or fascia) is a control panel set within the central console of a vehicle or small aircraft. Usually located directly ahead of the driv ...
of an automobile * A bicycle
cogset On a bicycle, the cassette or cluster is the set of multiple sprockets that attaches to the hub on the rear wheel. A cogset works with a rear derailleur to provide multiple gear ratios to the rider. Cassettes come in two varieties, freewheels o ...
, either a freewheel, or cassette * The set of tubes attached to a cow's teats for
automatic milking Automatic milking is the milking of dairy animals, especially of dairy cattle, without human labour. Automatic milking systems (AMS), also called voluntary milking systems (VMS), were developed in the late 20th century. They have been commercial ...


Arts and media


Music

* Tone cluster, a musical chord comprising at least three consecutive tones in a scale * ''Cluster'' (album), the 1971 eponymous album by the band Cluster * Cluster (band), a German electronic group * "Cluster", a track from the album ''
Ben Bu Sarkiyi Sana Yazdim Ben is frequently used as a shortened version of the given names Benjamin, Benedict, Bennett or Benson, and is also a given name in its own right. Ben (in he, בֶּן, ''son of'') forms part of Hebrew surnames, e.g. Abraham ben Abraham ( he ...
'' by Cem Adrian * "Cluster", a song by P-Model from the album ''
Big Body ''Big Body'' (stylized as ''big body'') is the ninth studio album by P-Model and the second by the band's "defrosted" lineup. Overview Following in the footsteps of the self-titled ''P-Model'', ''Big Body'' is another take on a science fiction ...
'' * Cluster One, the first track on Pink Floyd's 1994 album ''The Division Bell'' * "Cluster", an extended play by the pop-punk band Waterparks


Other media

* ''Cluster'' (novels) by Piers Anthony * ''Cluster'', a poetry collection by Souvankham Thammavongsa * The Cluster, a character from the TV series ''Steven Universe''


Urban development

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Business cluster A business cluster is a geographic concentration of interconnected businesses, suppliers, and associated institutions in a particular field. Clusters are considered to increase the productivity with which companies can compete, nationally and g ...
, a geographic cluster of competitive businesses * Research-intensive cluster, a region with a high density of research-oriented organizations * Cluster home, a type of housing development


Other uses

* Cluster, Pleasants County, West Virginia * Cluster diagram, general type of diagram, which represents some kind of cluster * Clusterfuck or cluster, slang term for a messy situation, arising in the US Marine Corps * Clusters School of Digital Arts, an animation and visual effects training school


See also

* Clustering (disambiguation) {{Disambiguation