''Clavus'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of small

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Drilliidae The Drilliidae are a taxonomic family of small predatory sea snails with high-spired shells. They are classified as marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea. This family has no subfamilies. It consists of about 30 genera and approx ...

Description

Apart from the general characteristics of the genera in the family

, the species in the genus ''Clavus'' have a shell with peripheral tubercles, spines or wing-like processes. Chen-Kwoh Chang, ''Small Turrids of Taiwan, Chapter 3 , History and Taxonomy of the Clavidae''; June 1, 2001
/ref> The

aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...

is rather large. The outer lip is produced below the sinus. The shell of ''Clavus'' is characterised by the following features:— Flat indefinite fasciole, indicated only by the curve of growth lines. A smooth subulate

protoconch A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also called " ...

. An insinuation of the outer lip, near the base, like that of ''

Strombus ''Strombus'' is a genus of medium to large sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod molluscs in the family (biology), family Strombidae, which comprises the true conchs and their immediate relatives. The genus ''Strombus'' was named by Swedi ...

''. A major

sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

of prominent arched scales on the shoulder, and a minor sculpture of dense, microscopic, waved, spiral striae. Most species in this genus have a dorsal

varix A varix (: varices) is an abnormally dilated blood vessel with a tortuous course. Varices usually occur in the venous system, but may also occur in arterial or lymphatic vessels. Examples of varices include: * Varicose veins, large tortuous veins ...

. But this is absent in a few species such as '' Clavus beckii'', '' Clavus humilis'' and '' Clavus pica''. G.W. Tryon correctly preserved the genus for smooth specimens with a short

body whorl The body whorl is part of the morphology (biology), morphology of the gastropod shell, shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk ...

, long spire, nodulous shoulder, no spiral sculpture, a wide, deep

anal sulcus The anal sulcus, also called the anal sinus or anal canal, in Gastropods is a notch, a shelly tube at the top of the Aperture (mollusc), aperture. It is the first notch close to the Suture (anatomy), suture. It houses the anal siphon through which t ...

adjacent to the suture and, in the completely adult, a marked subsutural callus on the body.

Distribution

The species in this genus occur in the

Red Sea The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. Its connection to the ocean is in the south, through the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait and the Gulf of Aden. To its north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and th ...

, In the

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approximately 20% of the water area of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia (continent), ...

off

Mozambique Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique, is a country located in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Eswatini and South Afr ...

; also off

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...

Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n ...

, the

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, ''Islands of Destiny'', Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 1000 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, t ...

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

and

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

(

New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...

Northern Territory The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT; known formally as the Northern Territory of Australia and informally as the Territory) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian internal territory in the central and central-northern regi ...

Queensland Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...

Western Australia Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust ...

Species

According to the

World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...

(WoRMS) the following species with valid names are included within the genus ''Clavus'' :WoRMS : Clavus
/ref> * '' Clavus aenigmaticus'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus aglaia'' (Dall, 1918) * '' Clavus alboroseus'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus albotuberculatus'' (Schepman, 1889) * ''

Clavus andreolbrichi ''Clavus andreolbrichi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Clavus andreolbrichi Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species a ...

'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus androyensis'' (Bozzetti, 2007) * '' Clavus angulatus'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus basipunctatus'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus beckii'' (Reeve, 1842) * '' Clavus berenice'' (Dall, 1918) (synonym: ''Clavus spinosa'' Smith, E.A., 1882 ) * '' Clavus biancae'' (Bozzetti, 2008) * '' Clavus bilineatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus boucheti'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus brianmayi'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus burnupi'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1897) * '' Clavus cadenasi'' (Clench & Aguayo, 1939) * ''

Clavus canalicularis ''Clavus canalicularis'', common name the ear turrid, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae. Description The shell grows to a length of 27 mm. The white shell shows a broad chestnut band below the ...

'' (Röding, 1798) * '' Clavus candens'' (Smith E. A., 1879) * '' Clavus cantharis'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus clara'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus clavata'' (Sowerby II, 1870) * '' Clavus cloveri'' (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018) * '' Clavus coffea'' (Smith E. A., 1882) * '' Clavus cygneus'' (Melvill & Standen, 1897) * '' Clavus davidgilmouri'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus delphineae'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus devexistriatus'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus dolichurus'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus dubrucqueae'' T. Cossignani, 2021 * '' Clavus ebur'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus exasperatus'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Clavus exilis'' (Pease, 1868) * '' Clavus falcicosta'' (Barnard, 1958) * '' Clavus flammulatus'' Montfort, 1810 * '' Clavus formosus'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Clavus fulvus'' (Hinds, 1843) * '' Clavus fusconitens'' (Sowerby III, 1901) * '' Clavus glaucozona'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Clavus groschi'' Kilburn, 1988 * '' Clavus herberti'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus heryi'' (Bozzetti, 2007) * '' Clavus hewittae'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus hottentotus'' (E. A. Smith, 1882) * '' Clavus humilis'' (E. A. Smith, 1879) * '' Clavus hylikos'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus idae'' (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018) * '' Clavus infrafusca'' (G.B. Sowerby III, 1893) * '' Clavus infuscatus'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Clavus isibopho'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus isowai'' Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018 * '' Clavus japonicus'' (Lischke, 1869) * '' Clavus johnsoni'' (Bartsch, 1934) * '' Clavus juani'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus kirkhammetti'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus laetus'' (Hinds, 1843) * '' Clavus lamberti'' (Montrouzier, 1860) * '' Clavus maestratii'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus malva'' (Morassi, 1998) * '' Clavus minutissimus'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus moquinianus'' (Montrouzier, 1874) * '' Clavus nodifera'' (Pease, 1860) * '' Clavus nodulosa'' (Pease, 1863) * '' Clavus obliquatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus obliquicostatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus occiduus'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus papilio'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus paroeca'' (Melvill, 1923) * '' Clavus particolor'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus peristera'' Melvill, 1927 * '' Clavus pica'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Clavus picoides'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus powelli'' Kay, 1979 * '' Clavus protentus'' Hervier, 1896 * '' Clavus pulicarius'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus pusilla'' (Garrett, 1873) * '' Clavus putillus'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus quadratus'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus rissoiniformis'' Kay, 1979 * '' Clavus roseofuscus'' (Bozzetti, 2007) * '' Clavus rugizonatus'' Hervier, 1896 * '' Clavus sacra'' (Reeve, L.A., 1845) * '' Clavus similis'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * ''

Clavus squamiferus ''Clavus squamiferus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family (biology), family Drilliidae.Bouchet, P. (2015). Clavus squamiferus Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014. In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Regi ...

'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus subobliquatus'' (E. A. Smith, 1879) * '' Clavus subtilifasciatus'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus suduirauti'' Bozzetti, 1997 * '' Clavus sulekile'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus triantoniorum'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus unizonalis'' (Lamarck, 1822) * '' Clavus velcolorum'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus vibicinus'' (Helbling, 1779) * '' Clavus virginieae'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus wilmeri'' (Smith E. A., 1879) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Clavus abdera'' (Dall, 1919): synonym of '' Crassispira abdera'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Clavus aeneus'' (Hedley, 1922): synonym of '' Antiguraleus aeneus'' (Hedley, 1922) * ''Clavus alabaster'' (Reeve, 1843): synonym of '' Inquisitor alabaster'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''Clavus auriculifera'' Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de, 1816: synonym of ''

'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Clavus candidulus'' Hedley, 1922: synonym of '' Splendrillia candidulus'' (Hedley, 1922) * ''Clavus costatus'' Hedley, 1922: synonym of '' Graciliclava costata'' (Hedley, 1922) * ''Clavus crassa'' (E.A. Smith, 1888): synonym of ''Clavus aglaia'' (Dall, 1918) * ''Clavus enna'' (Dall, 1918): synonym of '' Drillia enna'' (Dall, 1918) * ''Clavus filicinctus'' (E. A. Smith, 1882): synonym of '' Horaiclavus filicinctus'' (E. A. Smith, 1882) * ''Clavus flavidulus'' (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of '' Clathrodrillia flavidula'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Clavus flexus'' Shuto, 1983: synonym of '' Plagiostropha flexus'' (Shuto, 1983) * ''Clavus gibberulus'' Hervier, 1896 : synonym of '' Drillia gibberulus'' (Hervier, 1896) * ''Clavus inclinata'' (Sowerby III, 1893): synonym of ''

Iredalea inclinata ''Iredalea inclinata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae. Description The size of an adult shell is moderately large and varies between 16 mm and 25 mm. The 9 teleoconch whorls contain 12� ...

'' (Sowerby III, 1893) * ''Clavus lacertosus'' (Hedley, 1922): synonym of '' Bathytoma lacertosus'' Hedley, 1922 * ''Clavus leforestieri'' Hervier, 1896: synonym of ''Clavus obliquicostatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * ''Clavus maravignae'' (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838): synonym of ''

Crassopleura maravignae ''Crassopleura maravignae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae. It is the only known species within the genus ''Crassopleura''. Description The shell of an adult varies between 10 mm and 15 ...

'' (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838) * ''Clavus mighelsi'' Kay, 1979: synonym of '' Pyrgocythara mighelsi'' (Kay, 1979) * ''Clavus mighelsi'' of authors: synonym of ''Clavus humilis'' (E. A. Smith, 1879) * ''Clavus opalus'' (Reeve, 1845): synonym of '' Plagiostropha opalus'' (Reeve, 1845) * ''Clavus pseudoprincipalis'' (Yokoyama, 1920): synonym of '' Inquisitor pseudoprincipalis'' (Yokoyama, 1920) * ''Clavus pulchellus'' (Reeve, 1845): synonym of '' Fenimorea halidorema'' Schwengel, 1940 * ''Clavus quintuplex'' (Melvill, 1927): synonym of '' Plagiostropha quintuplex'' Melvill, 1927 * ''Clavus regius'' Habe & Murakami, 1970: synonym of '' Drillia regia'' (Habe & Murakami, 1970) * ''Clavus undatus'' (Hedley, 1907): synonym of '' Austroclavus undatus'' (Hedley, 1907) * ''Clavus viduus'' (Reeve, 1845): synonym of '' Clavus unizonalis'' (Lamarck, 1822) ;Species inquirenda: * '' Clavus acuminata'' : ''species inquirenda'' * '' Clavus auriculifera'' Lamarck : ''species inquirenda'' The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database adds the following species with names in current use : * '' Clavus siebenrocki'' (Sturany, 1903) ; Subgenus Clavus * '' Clavus intermaculatus'' (E. A. Smith, 1879)

References

* Montfort, 1810 onchyliologie systématique, 2: 434* Habe T. (1958). On the radulae of Japanese marine gastropods (4). Venus. 20(1): 43-60, pls 2-3

External links

KILBURN, RICHARD N.; FEDOSOV, ALEXANDER; KANTOR, YURI. The shallow-water New Caledonia Drilliidae of genus Clavus Montfort, 1810 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea). Zootaxa, [S.l.], v. 3818, n. 1, p. 1–69, jun. 2014. ISSN 1175-5334

WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: family Drilliidae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5129696