Classification Of The Cactaceae
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In 1984, the
International Organization for Succulent Plant Study The International Organization for Succulent Plant Study (IOS) describes itself as a "non-governmental organization promoting the study and conservation of succulent and allied plants and encouraging collaboration among scientists and curators ...
set up a working party, now called the International Cactaceae Systematics Group, to produce a consensus classification of the
cactus A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, ...
family, down to the level of
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
. Their classification has been used as the basis for systems published since the mid-1990s. Treatments in the 21st century have generally divided the family into around 125–130 genera and 1,400–1,500 species, which are then arranged in a number of
tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
s and
subfamilies In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zool ...
. However, subsequent molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that a very high proportion of the higher
taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and ...
(genera, tribes and subfamilies) are not
monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...
, i.e. they do not contain all of the descendants of a common ancestor. , the internal classification of the
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Cactaceae A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, ...
remained uncertain and subject to change. A classification incorporating many of the insights from the molecular studies was produced by Nyffeler and Eggli in 2010.


Overview

The classification of the family Cactaceae remains uncertain . Since the mid-1990s, the system produced by the International Cactaceae Systematics Group (ICSG) of the
International Organization for Succulent Plant Study The International Organization for Succulent Plant Study (IOS) describes itself as a "non-governmental organization promoting the study and conservation of succulent and allied plants and encouraging collaboration among scientists and curators ...
has been used as the basis of many published classifications. Detailed treatments produced in the 21st century have divided the family into around 125–130 genera and 1,400–1,500 species, which are then arranged into a number of tribes and subfamilies. The ICSG classification of the family recognizes four subfamilies:
Pereskioideae A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, ...
(consisting only of the genus ''
Pereskia ''Pereskia'' is a small genus of about four species of cacti that do not look much like other types of cacti, having substantial leaves and non-succulent stems. The genus is named after Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, a 16th-century French bot ...
''),
Opuntioideae Opuntioideae is a subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It contains 15 genera divided into five tribes. The subfamily encompasses roughly 220–250 species, and is geographically distributed throughout the New World from Canada, to Argentina ...
,
Maihuenioideae ''Maihuenia'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) and the sole genus of the subfamily Maihuenioideae, which is the smallest subfamily of the Cactaceae. The genus comprises two cushion-forming, mucilaginous species. They are found at high elev ...
(consisting only of the genus ''
Maihuenia ''Maihuenia'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) and the sole genus of the subfamily Maihuenioideae, which is the smallest subfamily of the Cactaceae. The genus comprises two cushion-forming, mucilaginous species. They are found at high elev ...
'') and
Cactoideae The Cactoideae are the largest subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae, and are widely distributed throughout the Americas. Cactaceae is the 5th most endangered plant or animal family evaluated globally by the International Union for Conservati ...
. Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that ''
Pereskia ''Pereskia'' is a small genus of about four species of cacti that do not look much like other types of cacti, having substantial leaves and non-succulent stems. The genus is named after Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, a 16th-century French bot ...
'' is not
monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...
(i.e. its species are not the complete set of descendants of a common ancestor), so that
Pereskioideae A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, ...
is not monophyletic although the three other subfamilies are. The
Bayesian Thomas Bayes ( ; c. 1701 – 1761) was an English statistician, philosopher, and Presbyterian minister. Bayesian ( or ) may be either any of a range of concepts and approaches that relate to statistical methods based on Bayes' theorem Bayes ...
consensus
cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not s ...
from a 2005 study is shown below: Five tribes have been recognized within the subfamily
Opuntioideae Opuntioideae is a subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It contains 15 genera divided into five tribes. The subfamily encompasses roughly 220–250 species, and is geographically distributed throughout the New World from Canada, to Argentina ...
: Tephrocacteae, Pterocacteae, Austrocylindropuntieae, Cylindropuntieae and Opuntieae. All but the first, Tephrocacteae, were shown to be "essentially monophyletic" in molecular phylogenetic study in 2009. A summary of the consensus Bayesian tree is shown below (tribes are bold; the number of species in the study is shown in parentheses). Many of the genera within the
Opuntioideae Opuntioideae is a subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It contains 15 genera divided into five tribes. The subfamily encompasses roughly 220–250 species, and is geographically distributed throughout the New World from Canada, to Argentina ...
are not monophyletic. ''
Maihueniopsis ''Maihueniopsis'' (from Greek ''opsis'', "view", referring to its resemblance to the unrelated '' Maihuenia'') is a genus of the cactus family (Cactaceae), containing 18 species. The former genus ''Puna'' R.Kiesling is now synonym to ''Maihueni ...
'' is highly
polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
, appearing in four separate lineages. The two largest genera within the subfamily, ''
Opuntia ''Opuntia'', commonly called the prickly pear cactus, is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, many known for their flavorful fruit and showy flowers. Cacti are native to the Americas, and are well adapted to arid clima ...
'' and ''
Cylindropuntia ''Cylindropuntia'' is a genus of cacti (family (biology), family Cactaceae), containing species commonly known as chollas ( ), native to northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States. They are known for their barbed thorns, spines, and prick ...
'' are also not monophyletic. The classification of the
Opuntioideae Opuntioideae is a subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It contains 15 genera divided into five tribes. The subfamily encompasses roughly 220–250 species, and is geographically distributed throughout the New World from Canada, to Argentina ...
is thus uncertain ; Griffith and Porter say that changes in classification will require "broad information (of multiple data types) regarding all species of opuntioid cacti". The ICSG classification divides the subfamily
Cactoideae The Cactoideae are the largest subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae, and are widely distributed throughout the Americas. Cactaceae is the 5th most endangered plant or animal family evaluated globally by the International Union for Conservati ...
into nine tribes. However, phylogenetic research has not supported most of these tribes, nor even the genera of which they are composed. A 2011 study found that "an extraordinarily high proportion of genera" were not monophyletic, including 22 (61%) of the 36 genera in the subfamily Cactoideae sampled in the research. Of the nine tribes recognized within Cactoideae, one, Calymmantheae, comprises a single genus, '' Calymmanthium''. Of the remaining eight, only two (
Cacteae Cacteae is a tribe of plants of the family Cactaceae found mainly in North America especially Mexico. , the internal classification of the family Cactaceae A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant f ...
and
Rhipsalideae The Rhipsalideae are a small tribe of cacti, comprising four or five genera (and around 60 species). They grow on trees (epiphytes) or on rocks (lithophytes), where they either hang down or form creeping or upright shrubs. Their flowers open in ...
) have been shown to be monophyletic. A summary of the cladograms for the Cactoideae presented in a 2011 paper is shown below (ICSG tribes in bold). The classification of the Cactaceae thus remains subject to change, from the genus level upwards. In 2016, David Hunt wrote that "the advent of molecular systematic studies in the past two decades will hopefully have a stabilizing effect on classification in due course, but has so far had the opposite effect".


Nyffler and Eggli (2010) classification

In 2010, Nyffler and Eggli produced a classification based on an explicit phylogeny. The broad outlines of their cladogram agree with that of Hern et al. (2011), shown above, although some details are different. Their classification corresponds to the cladogram shown below. The table below shows how the genera recognized by Nyffler and Eggli are placed into their subfamilies and tribes (they also use some subtribes, not shown here). The column headed "Older tribe (if different)" shows the ICSG classification of the subfamily Cactoideae (as presented by Anderson in 2001) with a 2002 classification of the subfamily Opuntioideae. There are differences in the genera recognized in the systems; where the older system does not recognize the genus, "–" is shown.


Earlier classification

Unless otherwise indicated, the subfamily placement of the genera listed here is based on Anderson's 2001 presentation of the ICSG classification, as is the tribal placement of the genera of the subfamily Cactoideae. The division of the subfamily Opuntioideae into tribes is additional to the ICSG system.


Subfamily

Pereskioideae A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, ...

*''
Pereskia ''Pereskia'' is a small genus of about four species of cacti that do not look much like other types of cacti, having substantial leaves and non-succulent stems. The genus is named after Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, a 16th-century French bot ...
'' Mill. :synonyms: ''Peirescia'' Zucc. (orth. var.), ''Peireskia''
Steud. Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel (30 May 1783 – 12 May 1856) was a German physician and an authority on grasses. Biography Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel was born at Esslingen am Neckar in Baden-Württemberg. He was educated at the University of Tübinge ...
 (orth. var.), ''Perescia'' Lem. (orth. var.), ''Rhodocactus'' (A.Berger) F.M.Knuth


Subfamily

Opuntioideae Opuntioideae is a subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It contains 15 genera divided into five tribes. The subfamily encompasses roughly 220–250 species, and is geographically distributed throughout the New World from Canada, to Argentina ...


Tribe Austrocylindropuntieae

*''
Austrocylindropuntia ''Austrocylindropuntia'' is a genus of cactus, cacti (family (biology), family Cactaceae) with 11 recognized species, which were once included in the genus ''Opuntia''. Some are native to South America. Species External links Cactaceae: Member ...
'' Backeb. *'' Cumulopuntia'' F.Ritter


Tribe Cylindropuntieae

*''
Cylindropuntia ''Cylindropuntia'' is a genus of cacti (family (biology), family Cactaceae), containing species commonly known as chollas ( ), native to northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States. They are known for their barbed thorns, spines, and prick ...
'' (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth – chollas *'' Grusonia'' F.Rchb. ex Britton & Rose :including ''Corynopuntia'' F.M.Knuth, ''Micropuntia'' Daston *''
Pereskiopsis ''Pereskiopsis'' is a genus of cactus (family (biology), family Cactaceae) in the subfamily Opuntioideae. Unlike typical cacti, it has persistent fleshy leaves. The genus name refers to its resemblance to the genus ''Pereskia''. Most species are ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Peireskiopsis''
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 (orth. var.) *''
Quiabentia ''Quiabentia'' is a genus of cactus, cacti, closely related to ''Pereskiopsis''. Description The tree-like or bushy xerophytic species of the genus ''Quiabentia'' have whorled, fleshy, round branches that produce flat, fleshy leaves. The leaves a ...
'' Britton & Rose


Tribe Opuntieae

*''
Brasiliopuntia ''Brasiliopuntia'' is a genus in the cactus family, Cactaceae. It contains only one species, ''Brasiliopuntia brasiliensis''. Description ''Brasiliopuntia brasiliensis'' shows thin, upright, tree-like, slightly shrunken cladodes on a central, ...
'' (K.Schum.) A.Berger *'' Consolea'' Lem. *'' Miqueliopuntia'' Fric ex F.Ritter *''
Opuntia ''Opuntia'', commonly called the prickly pear cactus, is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, many known for their flavorful fruit and showy flowers. Cacti are native to the Americas, and are well adapted to arid clima ...
'' Mill. – prickly pears :synonyms: ''Airampoa'' Fric, ''Cactodendron'' Bigelow, nom. inval., ''Cactus'' Lem., ''Chaffeyopuntia'' Fric &
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, ''Clavarioidia'' Kreuz. (nom. inval.), ''Ficindica'' St.-Lag., ''Nopalea'' Salm-Dyck, ''Parviopuntia'' Soulaire &
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 (nom. inval.), ''Phyllarthus'' Neck. ex M.Gómez (nom. inval.), ''Salmiopuntia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Subulatopuntia'' Fric & Schelle, ''Tunas'' Lunell, ''Weberiopuntia'' Fric :including ''Nopalea'' Salm-Dyck *''
Salmonopuntia ''Salmonopuntia'' is a South American genus of the cactus family (Cactus, Cactaceae). Species Species of the genus ''Salmonopuntia'' according to Plants of the World Online : References External links

* * Opuntioideae genera Opuntioidea ...
'' P.V.Heath *''
Tacinga ''Tacinga'' is a genus in the cactus family Cactus, Cactaceae, native to northeast Brazil (from northeast Minas Gerais to southern Rio Grande do Norte, including Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco and Paraíba). Once thought to be monotypic, the ...
'' Britton & Rose *'' Tunilla'' D.R.Hunt & Iliff


Tribe Pterocacteae

*'' Pterocactus'' K.Schum.


Tribe Tephrocacteae

*''
Maihueniopsis ''Maihueniopsis'' (from Greek ''opsis'', "view", referring to its resemblance to the unrelated '' Maihuenia'') is a genus of the cactus family (Cactaceae), containing 18 species. The former genus ''Puna'' R.Kiesling is now synonym to ''Maihueni ...
'' Speg. :including ''Puna'' R.Kiesling *''
Tephrocactus ''Tephrocactus'' (from Greek language, Greek ''tephra'', "ash", referring to the color of these plants' Epidermis (botany), epidermis) is a genus of the cactus family (Cactus, Cactaceae). Species Species of the genus ''Tephrocactus'' according t ...
'' Lem. :synonyms: ''Pseudotephrocactus'' Fric


Subfamily

Maihuenioideae ''Maihuenia'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) and the sole genus of the subfamily Maihuenioideae, which is the smallest subfamily of the Cactaceae. The genus comprises two cushion-forming, mucilaginous species. They are found at high elev ...

*''
Maihuenia ''Maihuenia'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) and the sole genus of the subfamily Maihuenioideae, which is the smallest subfamily of the Cactaceae. The genus comprises two cushion-forming, mucilaginous species. They are found at high elev ...
'' (Phil. ex F.A.C.Weber) K.Schum.


Subfamily

Cactoideae The Cactoideae are the largest subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae, and are widely distributed throughout the Americas. Cactaceae is the 5th most endangered plant or animal family evaluated globally by the International Union for Conservati ...


Tribe Browningieae

*''
Armatocereus ''Armatocereus'' (from Latin ''armatus'', "armed" and ''cereus'', "pliant/soft") is a genus of mostly tree-like cacti from South America (Ecuador and Peru). These species have a conspicuous constriction at the end of the annual growth. The flowe ...
''
Backeb. Curt Backeberg (2 August 1894 in Lüneburg, Germany – 14 January 1966) was a German horticulturist especially known for the collection and classification of cacti. Biography He travelled extensively through Central and South America, and publi ...
 *''
Browningia ''Browningia'' is a genus of cacti, comprising 11 accepted and 3 unresolved species. It is named for Webster E Browning (1869-1942), director of the Instituto Inglés, Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Description The bushy or tree-like, usu ...
'' Cárdenas, ''Gymnocereus''
Rauh Werner Rauh (16 May 1913 in Niemegk – 7 April 2000 in Heidelberg) was a German biologist, botanist and author. Biography Born in the town of Niemegk near Bitterfeld, Rauh studied at Biology faculty at the University of Halle under the morpho ...
& Backeb. *''
Jasminocereus ''Jasminocereus'' (meaning "jasmine-like cereus", referring to the flowers) is a genus of cacti with only one species, ''Jasminocereus thouarsii'', endemic to the Galápagos Islands, territorially a part of Ecuador. In English it is often called ...
'' Britton &
Rose A rose is either a woody perennial plant, perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred Rose species, species and Garden roses, tens of thousands of cultivar ...
 *'' Neoraimondia'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Neocardenasia'' Backeb. *'' Stetsonia'' Britton & Rose


Tribe

Cacteae Cacteae is a tribe of plants of the family Cactaceae found mainly in North America especially Mexico. , the internal classification of the family Cactaceae A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant f ...

*'' Acharagma'' ( N.P.Taylor)
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 *''
Ariocarpus ''Ariocarpus'' is a small genus of succulent, subtropical plants of the family Cactaceae. It comes from limestone hills of Rio Grande in the south of Texas (''Ariocarpus fissuratus'') and also the north and the center of Mexico (all other speci ...
Scheidw. – living rock :synonyms: ''Anhalonium''
Lem. Charles Antoine Lemaire (1 November 1800, in Paris – 22 June 1871, in Paris), was a French botanist and botanical author, noted for his publications on Cactaceae. Education Born the son of Antoine Charles Lemaire and Marie Jeanne Davio, he ha ...
, ''Neogomesia'' Castañeda, ''Neogomezia'' Buxb. (orth. var.), ''Roseocactus'' A.Berger, ''Stromatocactus'' Karw. ex Rümpler (nom. inval.) *''
Astrophytum ''Astrophytum'' is a genus of six species of cacti, native to North America. These species are sometimes referred to as living rocks, though the term is also used for other genera, particularly '' Lithops'' (Aizoaceae). The generic name is de ...
'' Lem. :synonyms: ''Astrophyton'' Lawr. (orth. var.), ''Maierocactus'' E.C.Rost *''
Aztekium The genus ''Aztekium'' contains two species of small globular cactus. Discovered in 1929 by F. Ritter, in Rayones, Nuevo León, Mexico, this genus was thought to be monotypic (with '' Aztekium ritteri'') until a second species ('' Aztekium hinto ...
'' Boed. *''
Chichimecactus ''Chichimecactus corregidorae'' is a species of cactus. It is the sole species in genus ''Chichimecactus''.Bárcenas, Rolando, Héctor M. Hernández, Patricia Hernández-Ledesma, and Luis Manuel Montoya Gómez (2021). ''Chichimecactus'' (Cactoide ...
'' Bárcenas, Rolando, Héctor M. Hernández, Patricia Hernández-Ledesma, and Luis Manuel Montoya Gómez (2021). ''Chichimecactus'' (Cactoideae, Cactaceae), a new genus based on molecular characterisation of highly endangered ''Strombocactus'' species. ''Phytotaxa'' Vol. 512 No. 3: 27 July 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.512.3.2 * ''Cochemiea'' (
K.Brandegee Mary Katharine Brandegee (formerly Curran, Layne; October 28, 1844 – April 3, 1920) was an American botanist known for her comprehensive studies of flora in California. Life Brandegee was born Mary Katharine Layne in Tennessee on October 28, ...
)
Walton Walton may refer to: People * Walton (given name) * Walton (surname) * Susana, Lady Walton (1926–2010), Argentine writer Places Canada * Walton, Nova Scotia, a community ** Walton River (Nova Scotia) *Walton, Ontario, a hamlet United Kingd ...
 – see ''
Mammillaria ''Mammillaria'' is one of the largest genera in the cactus family (Cactaceae), with currently 200 known species and varieties recognized. Most of the mammillarias are native to Mexico, while some come from the Southwestern United States, the C ...
'' *''
Coryphantha ''Coryphantha'' (from Greek, "flowering on the top"), or beehive cactus, is a genus of small to middle-sized, globose or columnar cacti. The genus is native to arid parts of Central America, Mexico, through Arizona, New Mexico, and western Texas ...
'' (
Engelm. George Engelmann, also known as Georg Engelmann, (2 February 1809 – 4 February 1884) was a German-American botanist. He was instrumental in describing the flora (plants), flora of the west of North America, then very poorly known to Europeans; ...
) Lem. – beehive cactus :synonyms: ''Aulacothele'' Monv. (nom. inval.), ''Cumarinia'' Buxb., ''Glandulifera'' ( Salm-Dyck) Fric, ''Lepidocoryphantha'' Backeb., ''Roseia'' Fric (nom. inval.) *''
Echinocactus ''Echinocactus'' is a genus of cacti in the subfamily Cactoideae. The generic name derives from the Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient w ...
'' Link &
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 – barrel cactus :synonyms: ''Brittonrosea'' Speg., ''Echinofossulocactus'' Lawr., ''Homalocephala'' Britton & Rose *''
Echinomastus ''Echinomastus'' (meaning "spiny breast") was a formerly recognized genus of cacti. , it is accepted as a synonym of ''Sclerocactus''. Species formerly placed in the genus are native to the southwestern United States and Mexico. Former species F ...
'' Britton & Rose *''
Epithelantha ''Epithelantha'' (button cactus) is a genus of cactus that is native to north-eastern Mexico, and the south-western United States from western Texas to Arizona. There are eight species recognised in the genus ''Epithelantha''. The name ''Epithela ...
'' F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose – pingpong ball cactus *''
Escobaria ''Pelecyphora'', pincushion cactus or foxtail cactus is a genus of cactus, cacti, comprising 20 species. They originate from Mexico and the United States. Common species include the Missouri foxtail cactus ''Pelecyphora missouriensis, P. missour ...
'' Britton & Rose – foxtail cactus, pincushion cactus :synonyms: ''Cochiseia'' W.H.Earle, ''Escobesseya''
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, ''Fobea'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Neobesseya'' Britton & Rose *''
Ferocactus ''Ferocactus'' is a genus of large barrel-shaped cacti, mostly with large spines and small flowers. There are about 30 species included in the genus. They are found in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Description The y ...
'' Britton & Rose – barrel cactus :synonyms: ''Bisnaga'' Orcutt, ''Brittonia'' C.A.Armstr. (nom. inval.) *''
Geohintonia ''Geohintonia mexicana'' (discovered in 1992) is a species of cactus, cacti, the only species in the genus ''Geohintonia''. This genus is named after its discoverer George S. Hinton. As its specific name (botany), specific epithet suggests, the pl ...
''
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& W.A.Fitz Maur. *'' Leuchtenbergia''
Hook. Sir William Jackson Hooker (6 July 178512 August 1865) was an English botanist and botanical illustrator, who became the first director of Kew when in 1841 it was recommended to be placed under state ownership as a botanic garden. At Kew he ...
 *''
Lophophora ''Lophophora'' () is a genus of spineless, button-like cacti. Its native range covers Texas through Mexico to southwestern Mexico. The species are extremely slow growing, sometimes taking up to thirty years to reach flowering age (at the size o ...
'' J.M.Coult. – peyote *''
Mammillaria ''Mammillaria'' is one of the largest genera in the cactus family (Cactaceae), with currently 200 known species and varieties recognized. Most of the mammillarias are native to Mexico, while some come from the Southwestern United States, the C ...
'' Haw. – fishhook cactus, globe cactus, pincushion cactus, bird's-nest cactus :synonyms: ''Bartschella'' Britton & Rose, ''Cactus'' L., ''Chilita'' Orcutt, ''Cochemiea'' (
K.Brandegee Mary Katharine Brandegee (formerly Curran, Layne; October 28, 1844 – April 3, 1920) was an American botanist known for her comprehensive studies of flora in California. Life Brandegee was born Mary Katharine Layne in Tennessee on October 28, ...
)
Walton Walton may refer to: People * Walton (given name) * Walton (surname) * Susana, Lady Walton (1926–2010), Argentine writer Places Canada * Walton, Nova Scotia, a community ** Walton River (Nova Scotia) *Walton, Ontario, a hamlet United Kingd ...
, ''Dolichothele'' (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, ''Ebnerella'' Buxb., ''Haagea'' Fric, ''Krainzia'' Backeb., ''Lactomammillaria'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Leptocladia'' Buxb., ''Leptocladodia'' Buxb., ''Mamillaria'' F.Rchb. (orth. var.), ''Mamillopsis'' ( E.Morren) F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose, ''Mammariella''
Shafer Schaefer is an alternative spelling and cognate for the German word ''schäfer'', meaning 'shepherd', which itself descends from the Old High German '' scāphare''. Variants "Shaefer", "Schäfer" (a standardized spelling in many German-speaking ...
 (nom. inval.), ''Mammilaria''
Torr. John Torrey (August 15, 1796 – March 10, 1873) was an American botanist, chemist, and physician. Throughout much of his career, he was a teacher of chemistry, often at multiple universities, while he also pursued botanical work, focusing on t ...
& A.Gray (orth. var.), ''Neomammillaria'' Britton & Rose, ''Oehmea'' Buxb., ''Phellosperma'' Britton & Rose, ''Porfiria'' Boed., ''Pseudomammillaria'' Buxb., ''Solisia'' Britton & Rose *''
Neolloydia ''Neolloydia'' is a formerly recognized genus of cactus, cacti. The genus was first erected by Nathaniel Lord Britton, Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose, Rose in 1922. Edward Frederick Anderson, Edward F. Anderson regarded ''Neolloydia'' as being poo ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Napina'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Pseudosolisia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.) *''
Obregonia ''Obregonia'', the artichoke cactus, is a monotypic genus of cacti, containing the species ''Obregonia denegrii''. The species is endemic to the state of Tamaulipas in Mexico. The genus ''Obregonia'' is named after Álvaro Obregón, while the ...
'' Fric *'' Ortegocactus'' Alexander *''
Pediocactus ''Pediocactus'' (Greek: πεδίον (pedion) means "plain", "flat", "field") is a genus of cacti native to the Western United States. The genus comprises between 6 and 11 species, depending upon the authority. Species of this genus are referred ...
'' Britton & Rose – hedgehog cactus :synonyms: ''Navajoa'' Croizat, ''Pilocanthus'' B.W.Benson & Backeb. *''
Pelecyphora ''Pelecyphora'', pincushion cactus or foxtail cactus is a genus of cactus, cacti, comprising 20 species. They originate from Mexico and the United States. Common species include the Missouri foxtail cactus ''Pelecyphora missouriensis, P. missour ...
'' C.Ehrenb. :synonyms: ''Encephalocarpus'' A.Berger *''
Sclerocactus ''Sclerocactus'' ("hard cactus", from Greek language, Greek; refers to the hard, dry fruit) is a genus of cactus, cacti. It comprises about 15 species, the exact number depending on the authority. These species are xerophytic. They are sometimes ...
'' Britton & Rose – fishhook cactus :synonyms: ''Ancistrocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Coloradoa'' Boissev. & C.Davidson, ''Glandulicactus'' Backeb., ''Toumeya'' Britton & Rose *''
Stenocactus ''Stenocactus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti in the Cactaceae family. Synonymy The following genera have been brought into synonymy with ''Stenocactus'': *''Echinofossulocactus'' Nathaniel Lord Britton, Britton & Joseph Nelson Rose, Rose *''Efoss ...
'' (K.Schum.) A.W.Hill :synonyms: ''Echinofossulocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Efossus'' Orcutt (orth. var.) *''
Strombocactus ''Strombocactus disciformis'' is a rare species of cacti and the only species of the genus ''Strombocactus''. The plant originates from Central and Northeast Mexico. Description ''Strombocactus'' is a monotypic genus with a strong turnip-like ro ...
'' Britton & Rose *''
Thelocactus ''Thelocactus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae. Members of the genus are native to the arid lands of Central and Northern Mexico. Description ''Thelocactus'' species are globe-shaped, short and cylindrical. The ...
'' (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Hamatocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Thelomastus'' Fric (nom. inval.) *''
Turbinicarpus ''Turbinicarpus'' is a genus of very small to medium-sized cacti, which inhabit the north-eastern regions of Mexico, in particular the states of San Luis Potosí, Guanajuato, Nuevo León, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Coahuila, Tamaulipas and Zacatecas. ...
'' (Backeb.) Buxb. & Backeb. – top cactus :synonyms: ''Gymnocactus'' Backeb., ''Normanbokea'' Kladiwa & Buxb., ''Rapicactus'' Buxb. & Oehme


Tribe Calymmantheae

*'' Calymmanthium''
F.Ritter Friedrich Ritter (9 May 1898 – 9 April 1989) was a German botanist who collected and described many species of cacti. '' Ritterocereus'' is named in his honour. Friedrich Ritter studied biology, geology and paleontology at the University of Ma ...
 :synonyms: ''Diploperianthium'' F.Ritter (nom. inval.)


Tribe

Cereeae Cereeae is a tribe of cacti belonging to the subfamily Cactoideae containing about 50 genera, divided in 2023 among six subtribes. Description Cereeae are tree-like or shrubby, sometimes climbing plants. Their mostly elongated to spherical, rib ...

*''
Aylostera ''Aylostera'', is a genus of cactus, native to central Bolivia and north western Argentina. ''Aylostera'' was formerly sunk into a broadly Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed genus ''Rebutia'', but Molecular phylogenetics, molecular phyloge ...
'' :synonyms: ''Digitorebutia'' Frič & Kreuz. ex Buining, ''Mediolobivia'' Backeb. *'' Arrojadoa'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Pierrebraunia'' Esteves *'' Brasilicereus'' Backeb. *'' Cereus'' Mill. – sweet potato cactus :synonyms: ''Mirabella'' F.Ritter, ''Piptanthocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob., ''Subpilocereus'' Backeb. *''
Cipocereus ''Cipocereus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti from Brazil. These species were previously included in the genera ''Pilosocereus'' and ''Cereus (plant), Cereus''. Description The plants of the genus ''Cipocereus'' are bushy, sometimes branched and co ...
'' F.Ritter :synonyms: ''Floribunda'' F.Ritter *'' Coleocephalocereus'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Buiningia'' Buxb. *''
Melocactus ''Melocactus'' (melon cactus), also known as the Turk's head cactus, Turk's cap cactus, or Pope's head cactus, is a genus of cactus with about 30–40 species. They are native to the Caribbean, western Mexico through Central America to northern S ...
'' Link & Otto :synonyms: ''Cactus'' Britton & Rose *''
Micranthocereus ''Micranthocereus'' is genus of cactus. It originates from Brazil and includes about 10species. The two genera ''Austrocephalocereus'' and ''Siccobaccatus'' have been brought into synonym (taxonomy), synonymy with this genus. Species , Plants o ...
'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Austrocephalocereus'' Backeb., ''Siccobaccatus'' P.J.Braun & Esteves *''
Pilosocereus ''Pilosocereus'' (from Latin, "hairy cereus") is a genus of cactus native to the Neotropics. Tree cactus is a common name for ''Pilosocereus'' species. The genera ''Caerulocereus'' and ''Pseudopilocereus'' are synonyms of this genus. The commonl ...
'' Byles & G. D. Rowley – tree cactus :synonyms: ''Pilocereus'' K.Schum., ''Pseudopilocereus'' Buxb. *''
Praecereus ''Praecereus'' is genus of cactus A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The wor ...
'' Buxb. *'' Reicheocactus'' Backeb. *'' Serrulatocereus'' Guiggi *'' Stephanocereus'' A.Berger *''
Uebelmannia ''Uebelmannia'' is genus of cactus, cacti, Native species, native to southeast Brazil. In a 2023 classification of the tribe Cereeae, it was placed as the only genus in the subtribe Uebelmanniinae, having formerly been placed in the subtribe Rebu ...
''
Buining Albert Frederik Hendrik Buining (25 August 1901 in Groningen – 9 May 1976) was a Dutch botanist Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant ...


Tribe

Hylocereeae The Hylocereeae are a tribe of cacti. Most are found in the tropical forests of Central and northern South America, and are climbers or epiphytes, unlike most cacti. The tribe includes between six and eight genera in different circumscriptio ...

*''
Disocactus ''Disocactus'' is a genus of epiphyte, epiphytic cactus, cacti in the tribe Hylocereeae native plant, found in Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. It should not be confused with ''Discocactus'', which is a different genus. ...
''
Lindl. John Lindley FRS (5 February 1799 – 1 November 1865) was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist. Early years Born in Catton, near Norwich, England, John Lindley was one of four children of George and Mary Lindley. George Lindley ...
 :synonyms: ''Aporocactus'' Lem., ''Aporocereus''
Fric The Royal Institute of Chemistry was a British scientific organisation. Founded in 1877 as the Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain and Ireland (ICGBI), its role was to focus on qualifications and the professional status of chemists, and its ai ...
& Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Bonifazia'' Standl. &
Steyerm. Julian Alfred Steyermark (January 27, 1909 – October 15, 1988) was a Venezuelan American botanist. His focus was on New World vegetation, and he specialized in the family Rubiaceae. Life and work Julian Alfred Steyermark was born in St. Louis ...
, ''Chiapasia'' Britton & Rose, ''Disisocactus''
Kunze Kunz, Künz, or Kunze is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Kunz (singer) (Marco Kunz, born 1985), Swiss singer *Adrian Kunz (born 1967), Swiss international footballer *Alfred Kunz (Catholic priest) (1931–1998), American murder ...
 (orth. var.), ''Disocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Heliocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, ''Lobeira'' Alexander, ''Mediocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Nopalxochia'' Britton & Rose, ''Pseudonopalxochia'' Backeb., ''Trochilocactus'' Linding., ''Wittia'' K.Schum., ''Wittiocactus'' Rauschert *''
Epiphyllum ''Epiphyllum'' (; "upon the leaf" in Greek) is a genus of epiphytic plants in the cactus family (Cactaceae), native to Central America and South America. Common names for these species include climbing cacti, orchid cacti and leaf cacti, thoug ...
'' Haw. – climbing cactus :synonyms: ''Phyllocactus'' Link, ''Phyllocereus'' Miq. *''
Hylocereus ''Hylocereus'' is a former genus of epiphytic cacti, often referred to as night-blooming cactus (though the term is also used for many other cacti). Several species previously placed in the genus have large edible fruits, which are known as pitay ...
'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose – nightblooming cactus :synonyms: ''Wilmattea'' Britton & Rose *''
Pseudorhipsalis ''Pseudorhipsalis'' is genus of cactus, cacti. This genus is often included in ''Disocactus''. It is epiphytic, many branched, and elongated with flattened, serrated cladodes. In its early life, it stands erect, but soon becomes prostrate. It pro ...
'' Britton & Rose *''
Selenicereus ''Selenicereus'', sometimes known as moonlight cactus, is a genus of Epiphyte, epiphytic, Lithophyte, lithophytic, and terrestrial cactus, cacti, found in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. The term night-bloomin ...
'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose – moonlight cactus, nightblooming cereus :synonyms: ''Cryptocereus'' Alexander, ''Deamia'' Britton & Rose, ''Marniera'' Backeb., ''Mediocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Strophocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Strophocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) *''
Weberocereus ''Weberocereus'' is genus of cacti. It produces a green and white flower and is found mainly in Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Description The species of the genus ''Weberocereus'' grows climbing or hanging, epiphytic or lithophytic. Their shoots, w ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Eccremocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Eccremocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Werckleocereus'' Britton & Rose


Tribe Notocacteae

*'' Austrocactus'' Britton & Rose *''
Blossfeldia ''Blossfeldia'' is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae) containing only one species, ''Blossfeldia liliputana'', native to South America in northwestern Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca and Mendoza Provinces) and southern Bolivia ( ...
'' Werderm. *'' Cintia'' Kníže & Říha *''
Copiapoa ''Copiapoa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, from the dry coastal deserts, particularly the Atacama Desert, of northern Chile. Description ''Copiapoa'' comprises 32 morphologically defined species and five hetero ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Pilocopiapoa'' F.Ritter *'' Eriosyce''
Phil. Rodolfo Amando (or Rudolph Amandus) Philippi (14 September 1808 – 23 July 1904) was a German–Chilean paleontologist and zoologist. Philippi contributed primarily to malacology and paleontology, but also published a major work on Diptera of C ...
 :synonyms: ''Ceratistes'' Labour. (nom. inval.), ''Chileniopsis'' Backeb., ''Chileocactus'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Chileorebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Chiliorebutia'' Fric (orth. var.), ''Delaetia'' Backeb., ''Dracocactus'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Euporteria'' Kreuz. & Buining, ''Hildmannia'' Kreuz. & Buining, ''Horridocactus'' Backeb., ''Islaya'' Backeb., ''Neochilenia'' Backeb. ex Dölz, ''Neoporteria'' Britton & Rose, ''Neoporteria'' Backeb., ''Neotanahashia'' Y.Itô, ''Nichelia'' Bullock (nom. inval.), ''Pyrrhocactus'' (A.Berger) A.W.Hill, ''Rodentiophila'' F.Ritter ex Backeb., ''Thelocephala'' Y.Itô *'' Eulychnia'' Phil. :synonyms: ''Philippicereus'' Backeb. *''
Frailea ''Frailea'' is a genus of globular to short cylindrical cacti native to South America. These species are cleistogamous. They were first classified in the genus ''Echinocactus''. Species Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online Pla ...
'' Britton & Rose *'' Neowerdermannia'' Fric *''
Parodia ''Parodia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cactaceae, native to the eastern slopes of the Andes in northwestern Argentina and southwestern Bolivia and in the lowland pampas regions of northeastern Argentina, southern Brazil, east ...
'' Speg. :synonyms: ''Acanthocephala'' Backeb., ''Brasilicactus'' Backeb., ''Brasiliparodia'' F.Ritter, ''Brasilocactus'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Chrysocactus'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Dactylanthocactus'' Y.Itô, ''Eriocactus'' Backeb., ''Eriocephala'' Backeb., ''Friesia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Hickenia'' Britton & Rose, ''Malacocarpus'' Salm-Dyck, ''Microspermia'' Fric, ''Neohickenia'' Fric, ''Notocactus'' (K.Schum.) Fric, ''Sericocactus'' Y.Itô, ''Wigginsia'' D.M.Porter *'' Yavia'' R.Kiesling & Piltz


Tribe Pachycereeae

*''
Acanthocereus ''Acanthocereus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti. Its species take the form of shrubs with arching or climbing stems up to several meters in height. The generic name is derived from the Greek language, Greek word ''άκανθα'' (''acantha''), me ...
'' (Engelm. ex A.Berger) Britton & Rose – triangle cactus :synonyms: ''Dendrocereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Monvillea'' Britton & Rose *'' Bergerocactus'' Britton & Rose – snake cactus :synonyms: ''Bergerocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) *'' Carnegiea'' Britton & Rose – saguaro *''
Cephalocereus ''Cephalocereus'' is a genus of slow-growing, columnar-shaped, blue-green cacti. The genus is native to Mexico. Description These cacti show a columnar and upright growth habit, and may be branched or unbranched reaching heights of 10 to 12 me ...
'' Pfeiff. – old man cactus :synonyms: ''Haseltonia'' Backeb., ''Neodawsonia'' Backeb., ''Pilocereus'' Lem. *'' Corryocactus'' Britton & Rose :synonym: ''Corryocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Erdisia'' Britton & Rose, ''Eulychnocactus'' Backeb. (nom. inval.) * ''Dendrocereus'' Britton & Rose – see ''
Acanthocereus ''Acanthocereus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti. Its species take the form of shrubs with arching or climbing stems up to several meters in height. The generic name is derived from the Greek language, Greek word ''άκανθα'' (''acantha''), me ...
'' *''
Echinocereus ''Echinocereus'' is a genus of ribbed, usually small to medium-sized, cylindrical shaped cacti, comprising about 70 species native to the southern United States and Mexico in very sunny, rocky places. Usually the flowers are large and the fru ...
'' Engelm. – hedgehog cactus :synonyms: ''Morangaya'' G.D.Rowley, ''Wilcoxia'' Britton & Rose *'' Escontria'' Rose * ''Isolatocereus'' Backeb. – see ''
Stenocereus ''Stenocereus'' () is a genus of columnar or tree-like cactus, cacti from the Baja California Peninsula and other parts of Mexico, Arizona in the United States, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Venezuela and the West Indies. The genus has been en ...
'' *'' Leptocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Neoabbottia'' Britton & Rose *×'' Myrtgerocactus''
Moran Moran may refer to: Places Antarctica * Moran Bluff, Marie Byrd Land * Moran Buttress, Marie Byrd Land * Moran Glacier, Alexander Island Asia * Moran Town, Assam, India * Moran, Israel, a kibbutz * Moran Hill, North Korea * Moran Station, a s ...
 : ''Myrtillocactus'' × ''Bergerocactus'' *''
Myrtillocactus ''Myrtillocactus'' (from Latin, "blueberry cactus") is a genus of cactus, cacti. The genus is found from Mexico to Guatemala. The genus is best known with ''Myrtillocactus geometrizans''. The genus ''Myrtillocereus'' Alberto Vojtech Frič, Fric ...
''
Console Console may refer to: Computing and video games * System console, a physical device to operate a computer ** Virtual console, a user interface for multiple computer consoles on one device ** Command-line interface, a method of interacting with ...
 :synonyms: ''Myrtillocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) *'' Neobuxbaumia'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Pseudomitrocereus'' Bravo & Buxb., ''Rooksbya'' Backeb. *×'' Pacherocactus'' G.D.Rowley : ''Pachycereus'' × ''Bergerocactus'' *''
Pachycereus ''Pachycereus'' is a genus of large cacti native to Central America and Mexico. They form large shrubs or small trees up to 15 m tall, with stout stems up to 1 m in diameter. ''Pachycereus'' comes from the ancient Greek παχύς (''p ...
'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Backebergia''
Bravo Bravo(s) or The Bravo(s) may refer to: Arts and entertainment Music Groups and labels * Bravo (band), a Russian rock band * Bravo (Spanish group), represented Spain at Eurovision 1984 * Bravo Music, an American concert band music publishing compa ...
, ''Lemaireocereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Lophocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, ''Marginatocereus'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Mitrocereus'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Pterocereus'' T.MacDoug. & Miranda *''
Peniocereus ''Peniocereus'' is a genus of vining cactus, cacti, comprising about 18 species, found from the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have a large underground tuber, thin and inconspicuous stems. Its name comes from the prefix ''penio-'' ( ...
'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Cullmannia'' Distefano, ''Neoevansia'' W.T.Marshall, ''Nyctocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose *'' Polaskia'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Chichipia'' Backeb. (nom. inval.), ''Heliabravoa'' Backeb. *'' Pseudoacanthocereus'' F.Ritter *''
Stenocereus ''Stenocereus'' () is a genus of columnar or tree-like cactus, cacti from the Baja California Peninsula and other parts of Mexico, Arizona in the United States, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Venezuela and the West Indies. The genus has been en ...
'' (A.Berger) Riccob. :synonyms: ''Hertrichocereus'' Backeb., ''Isolatocereus'' Backeb., ''Isolatocereus'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Machaerocereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Marshallocereus'' Backeb., ''Neolemaireocereus'' Backeb., ''Rathbunia'' Britton & Rose, ''Ritterocereus'' Backeb.


Tribe

Rhipsalideae The Rhipsalideae are a small tribe of cacti, comprising four or five genera (and around 60 species). They grow on trees (epiphytes) or on rocks (lithophytes), where they either hang down or form creeping or upright shrubs. Their flowers open in ...

*''
Hatiora ''Hatiora'' is a small genus of epiphytic cacti which belongs to the tribe Rhipsalideae within the subfamily Cactoideae of the Cactaceae. Recent taxonomic studies have led to the three species formerly placed in subgenus ''Rhipsalidopsis'' bein ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Epiphyllopsis'' Backeb. & F.M.Knuth, ''Hariota''
DC. Augustin Pyramus (or Pyrame) de Candolle (, , ; 4 February 17789 September 1841) was a Swiss botanist. René Louiche Desfontaines launched de Candolle's botanical career by recommending him at a herbarium. Within a couple of years de Candolle ...
, ''Pseudozygocactus'' Backeb., ''Rhipsalidopsis'' Britton & Rose *'' Lepismium'' Pfeiff. :synonyms: ''Acanthorhipsalis'' (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, ''Acanthorhipsalis'' Kimnach, ''Pfeiffera'' Salm-Dyck *''
Rhipsalis ''Rhipsalis'' is a genus of epiphytic flowering plants in the cactus family, typically known as mistletoe cacti. They are found in parts of Central America, the Caribbean and northern regions of South America. They also inhabit isolated location ...
'' Gaertn. :synonyms: ''Cassytha'' Mill., ''Erythrorhipsalis'' A.Berger, ''Hariota'' Adans., ''Lymanbensonia'' Kimnach *''
Schlumbergera ''Schlumbergera'' is a small genus of cactus, cacti with six to nine species found in the coastal mountains of south-eastern Brazil. These plants grow on trees or rocks in habitats that are generally shady with high humidity, and can be quite d ...
'' Lem. – Christmas cactus, Easter cactus :synonyms: ''Epiphyllanthus'' A.Berger, ''Epiphyllum'' Pfeiff., ''Opuntiopsis'' Knebel (nom. inval.), ''Zygocactus'' K.Schum., ''Zygocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)


Tribe

Trichocereeae Cereeae is a tribe of cactus, cacti belonging to the subfamily Cactoideae containing about 50 genera, divided in 2023 among six subtribes. Description Cereeae are tree-like or shrubby, sometimes climbing plants. Their mostly elongated to spheri ...

*''
Acanthocalycium ''Acanthocalycium'' is a genus of cactus consisting of several species from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. The taxon name comes from Greek ''akantha'' (meaning ''prickly'') and ''kalyx'' (meaning ''buds''), which refers to the ...
'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Spinicalycium'' Fric (nom. inval.) *'' Arthrocereus'' A.Berger *'' Brachycereus'' Britton & Rose *''
Cleistocactus ''Cleistocactus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to mountainous areas - to - of South America (Peru, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina). The name comes from the Greek ''kleistos'' meaning closed because the fl ...
'' Lem. :synonyms: ''Akersia'' Buining, ''Bolivicereus'' Cárdenas, ''Borzicactella'' H.Johnson ex F.Ritter, ''Borzicactus'' Riccob, ''Borzicereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Cephalocleistocactus'' F.Ritter, ''Cleistocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Clistanthocereus'' Backeb., ''Demnosa'' Fric, ''Gymnanthocereus'' Backeb., ''Hildewintera'' F.Ritter, ''Loxanthocereus'' Backeb., ''Maritimocereus'' Akers, ''Pseudoechinocereus'' Buining (nom. inval.), ''Seticereus'' Backeb., ''Seticleistocactus'' Backeb., ''Winteria'' F.Ritter, ''Winterocereus'' Backeb. * ''Cephalocleistocactus'' F.Ritter – see ''
Cleistocactus ''Cleistocactus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to mountainous areas - to - of South America (Peru, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina). The name comes from the Greek ''kleistos'' meaning closed because the fl ...
'' *'' Denmoza'' Britton & Rose *''
Discocactus ''Discocactus'' is a genus of Tropics, tropical cactus, cacti. ''Discocactus'' plants are endemic to southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia, and northern Paraguay. These species are in the risk of extinction in the wild. Description The species of th ...
'' Pfeiff. *''
Echinopsis ''Echinopsis'' is a genus of Cactus, cacti native plant, native to South America, sometimes known as hedgehog cactus, sea-urchin cactus or Easter lily cactus. , there are about 20 accepted species, ranging from large and treelike types to small ...
''
Zucc. Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (10 August 1797 – 18 February 1848) was a German botanist, Professor of Botany at the University of Munich. He worked extensively with Philipp Franz von Siebold, assisting in describing his collections from Japan, and ...
 – San Pedro cactus :synonyms: ''Acantholobivia'' Backeb., ''Acanthopetalus'' Y.Itô, ''Andenea'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Aureilobivia'' Fric, nom. inval., ''Chamaecereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Chamaelobivia'' Y. Itô (nom. inval.), ''Cinnabarinea'' Fric ex F.Ritter, ''Echinolobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Echinonyctanthus'' Lem., ''Furiolobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Helianthocereus'' Backeb, ''Heterolobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Hymenorebulobivia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Hymenorebutia'' Fric ex Buining, ''Leucostele'' Backeb., ''Lobirebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Lobivia'' Britton & Rose, ''Lobiviopsis'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Megalobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Mesechinopsis'' Y.Itô, ''Neolobivia'' Y.Itô, ''Pilopsis'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Pseudolobivia'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Rebulobivia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Salpingolobivia'' Y.Itô, ''Scoparebutia'' Fric & Kreuz. ex Buining, ''Setiechinopsis'' (Backeb.) de Haas, ''Soehrensia'' Backeb., ''Trichocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob. *''
Espostoa ''Espostoa'' is a genus of columnar cacti, comprising 16 species known from the Andes of southern Ecuador and Peru. It usually lives at an altitude of between 800m and 2500m. Its fruit is edible, sweet, and juicy. The genus is named after Nicolas ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Binghamia'' Britton & Rose, ''Pseudoespostoa'' Backeb., ''Thrixanthocereus'' Backeb., *''
Espostoopsis ''Espostoopsis'' is a monotypic genus of cactus containing the single species ''Espostoopsis dybowskii''. The generic name is formed from Greek ''opsis'' meaning "view", referring to its resemblance to the genus ''Espostoa'', with which it is oft ...
'' Buxb. :synonyms: ''Gerocephalus'' F.Ritter *'' Facheiroa'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Zehntnerella'' Britton & Rose *''
Gymnocalycium ''Gymnocalycium'', commonly called chin cactus, is a genus of about 70 South American species of cactus. The genus name ''Gymnocalycium'' (from Greek, "naked calyx") refers to the flower buds bearing no hair or spines. In a 2023 classification of ...
'' Pfeiff. ex Mittler – chin cactus :synonyms: ''Brachycalycium'' Backeb. *''
Haageocereus ''Haageocereus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti endemic to the lower elevations of the extremely dry desert along the coast of Peru and northern Chile. Description The species of the genus ''Haageocereus'' grow like a shrub to tree-like, with outst ...
'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Floresia'' Krainz & F.Ritter ex Backeb. (nom. inval.), ''Haageocactus'' Backeb. (nom. inval.), ''Lasiocereus'' F.Ritter, ''Neobinghamia'' Backeb., ''Peruvocereus'' Akers * × ''Haagespostoa'' G.D.Rowley : ''Haageocereus'' × ''Espostoa'' *'' Harrisia'' Britton – apple cactus :synonyms: ''Eriocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob., ''Roseocereus'' Backeb. *''Lasiocereus'' F.Ritter – see ''
Haageocereus ''Haageocereus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti endemic to the lower elevations of the extremely dry desert along the coast of Peru and northern Chile. Description The species of the genus ''Haageocereus'' grow like a shrub to tree-like, with outst ...
'' *''Leocereus'' Britton & Rose – see '' Facheiroa'' *''
Matucana ''Matucana'' is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae), containing approximately 20 species of mostly globular plants. The genus is known only from Peru, mostly along the Marañón River. Some species are endangered due to collection for the speci ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Eomatucana'' F.Ritter *'' Mila'' Britton & Rose *'' Oreocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob. :synonyms: ''Arequipa'' Britton & Rose, ''Arequipiopsis'' Kreuz. & Buining, ''Morawetzia'' Backeb., ''Submatucana'' Backeb. *'' Oroya'' Britton & Rose *'' Pygmaeocereus'' H.Johnson & Backeb. *'' Rauhocereus'' Backeb. *''
Rebutia ''Rebutia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cactaceae, native to Bolivia and Argentina. The limits of the genus have varied widely, depending on whether genera such as ''Aylostera'' and ''Weingartia'' are included or treated separate ...
'' K.Schum. :synonyms: ''Aylostera'' Speg., ''Bridgesia'' Backeb., ''Cylindrorebutia'' Fric & Kreuz., ''Digitorebutia'' Fric & Kreuz., ''Echinorebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Eurebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Gymnantha'' Y.Itô, ''Mediolobivia'' Backeb., ''Mediorebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Neogymnantha'' Y.Itô, ''Reicheocactus'' Backeb., ''Setirebutia'' Fric & Kreuz. (nom. inval.), ''Spegazzinia'' Backeb., ''Sulcorebutia'' Backeb., ''Weingartia'' Werderm. *''
Weberbauerocereus ''Weberbauerocereus'' is a genus of ceroid cactus, considered to be intermediate between the genera ''Trichocereus'' and ''Cleistocactus''. The genus is named after Augusto Weberbauer because of his extensive research in the Peruvian Andes. The ...
'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Meyenia'' Backeb. *'' Vatricania'' Backeb.


Notes and references


Bibliography

* {{Taxonomy of...
Cactaceae A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, ...