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Circumferential Road 1 (C-1), informally known as the C-1 Road, is a network of roads and bridges which comprise the first and innermost
beltway A ring road (also known as circular road, beltline, beltway, circumferential (high)way, loop or orbital) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling a town, city or country. The most common purpose of a ring road is to assist in reducin ...
of
Metro Manila Metropolitan Manila ( ), commonly shortened to Metro Manila and formally the National Capital Region (NCR; ), is the capital region and largest List of metropolitan areas in the Philippines, metropolitan area of the Philippines. Located ...
in the
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
. Spanning some , it connects the districts of
Ermita Ermita is a district in central Manila, Philippines. It is a significant center of finance, education, culture, and commerce. Ermita serves as the civic center of Manila, bearing the seat of city government and a large portion of the area's e ...
,
Intramuros Intramuros () is the historic walled area within the city of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It is administered by the Intramuros Administration with the help of the city government of Manila. Intramuros comprises a centuries-old hist ...
, San Miguel,
Quiapo Quiapo may refer to: * Quiapo, Chile, a location in Arauco Province *Quiapo, Manila, a district in the Philippines ** Quiapo Church The Minor Basilica and National Shrine of Jesus Nazareno (), commonly known as Quiapo Church and canonically ...
, Sampaloc, Santa Cruz,
Binondo Binondo (; ) is a district in Manila and is referred to as the city's Chinatown. Its influence extends beyond to the places of Quiapo, Manila, Quiapo, Santa Cruz, Manila, Santa Cruz, San Nicolas, Manila, San Nicolas and Tondo, Manila, Tondo. ...
, San Nicolas, and Tondo in
Manila Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on ...
.


History

The development of a major road network in Manila was first conceived in the Metropolitan Thoroughfare Plan of 1945, predicting that the metropolis would expand further to the shorelines of
Laguna de Bay Laguna de Bay ( Spanish for "Lagoon/Lake of Bay"; , ), also known as Laguna Lake and alternatively spelled "Laguna de Bae", is the largest lake in the Philippines. It is located southeast of Metro Manila, between the provinces of Laguna to t ...
. The plan proposed the laying of circumferential roads 1 to 6 and radial roads 1 to 10.


Route description


Recto Avenue

Between its northern terminus at the Manila North Harbor and
Mendiola Street Mendiola Street (or simply "Mendiola") is a short thoroughfare in Manila, Philippines. The street is named after Enrique Mendiola, the pedagogue, author of textbooks, educator and member of the first Board of Regents of the University of the ...
, C-1 is known as Recto Avenue. It begins at the intersection with
Mel Lopez Boulevard Mel Lopez Boulevard, formerly known as President Ferdinand E. Marcos Highway or simply as Marcos Road, is a , six-to-ten-lane divided highway in northern Manila, Philippines, connecting Bonifacio Drive in Port Area, Manila, Port Area and Intra ...
(R-10) at the border between Tondo and San Nicolas and runs the entire length of Recto Avenue, passing through Binondo, Santa Cruz, Quiapo, and Sampaloc up to the intersection with Mendiola Street and
Legarda Street Legarda Street is a short street in the Sampaloc, Manila, Sampaloc district of Manila, Philippines. It crosses through the eastern section of the University Belt area in a generally east–west orientation between the Nagtahan Interchange and th ...
(R-6).
LRT Line 2 The Light Rail Transit Line 2, also known as LRT Line 2, LRT-2, or Megatren, is a rapid transit line in Metro Manila in the Philippines owned and operated by the Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA). The line generally runs in an east–west d ...
currently runs above the avenue eastwards from Alonzo Street.


Legarda Street

C-1 turns south on Legarda Street in Quiapo by the San Sebastian Church until it meets Nepomuceno Street by the National Teachers College.


Nepomuceno Street

C-1 then merges with Nepomuceno Street briefly until it meets P. Casal Street at the intersection with Arlegui Street.


P. Casal Street

Between Arlegui Street and Ayala Bridge, which crosses the
Pasig River The Pasig River (; ) is a water body in the Philippines that connects Laguna de Bay to Manila Bay. Stretching for , it bisects the Philippine capital of Manila and Metro Manila, its surrounding urban area into northern and southern halves. Its m ...
and Isla de Convalecencia, C-1 is known as P. Casal Street. It passes the
Technological Institute of the Philippines The Technological Institute of the Philippines (T.I.P.; ) is a private, non-sectarian institution with three campuses located in Metro Manila. It was founded in Manila on February 8, 1962, by a group of educators led by Demetrio A. Quirino Jr. ...
campus in Quiapo and enters San Miguel after crossing the Estero de San Miguel. It intersects with General Solano Street and Carlos Palanca Sr. Street, which provides access to the
Malacañang Palace Malacañang Palace (, ), officially known as Malacañán Palace, is the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the Philippines. It is located in the Manila district of San Miguel, Manila, San Miguel, along Jose Laurel S ...
complex and the commercial area of Quiapo, respectively, before reaching the Ayala Bridge.


Ayala Boulevard

Between the Ayala Bridge and
Taft Avenue Taft Avenue (; ) is a major road in southern Metro Manila. It passes through three cities in the metropolis: Manila, Pasay, and Parañaque. The road was named after the former Governor-General of the Philippines and President of the United Stat ...
in Ermita, C-1 is known as Ayala Boulevard. It runs through the Concepcion and Arroceros Streets, passing the
Philippine Normal University The Philippine Normal University (PNU; ) is a public university, public coeducational teacher education and research university in the Philippines. It was established in 1901 through Act No. 74 of the Philippine Commission ''"for the education ...
and the
Technological University of the Philippines The Technological University of the Philippines ()'', commonly known as TUP, is a State Universities and Colleges (Philippines), state university in the Philippines. It was established in 1901 by the Philippine Commission. TUP has its main cam ...
campuses before intersecting with Taft Avenue to become Finance Road.


Finance Road

In the northeast section of
Rizal Park Rizal Park (), also known as Luneta Park or simply Luneta, is a historic urban park located in Ermita, Manila. It is considered one of the largest urban parks in the Philippines, covering an area of . The site on where the park is situated was ...
by the National Museum of Fine Arts and National Museum of Anthropology (the former
Finance Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and Academic discipline, discipline of money, currency, assets and Liability (financial accounting), liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business administration, Business Admin ...
Building), C-1 becomes the short Finance Road until it merges with
Padre Burgos Avenue Padre Burgos Avenue, also known as Padre Burgos Street, is a 14-lane thoroughfare in Manila, Philippines. The road was named after Jose Burgos, one of the martyred Gomburza priests who were executed at the nearby Bagumbayan Field (presen ...
near the intersection with Maria Orosa Street.


Padre Burgos Avenue

Padre Burgos Avenue carries C-1 between Rizal Park and Intramuros to its terminus at
Roxas Boulevard Roxas Boulevard is a popular waterfront promenade in Metro Manila in the Philippines. The boulevard, which runs along the shores of Manila Bay, is well known for its sunsets and stretch of coconut trees. The divided roadway has become a tradem ...
and
Bonifacio Drive Bonifacio Drive is a road running approximately in a north-south direction between Intramuros and the Port Area, Manila, Port Area in Manila, Philippines. The boulevard is also designated as Radial Road 1 (R-1) of Manila's arterial road netwo ...
, both components of R-1.


References

{{Road infrastructure in Metro Manila Routes in Metro Manila