''Circovirus'' is a genus of

viruses A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1 ...

, in the family ''

Circoviridae ''Circoviridae'' is a family of DNA viruses. Birds and mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 101 species in this family, assigned to 2 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: PCV-2: postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome; ...

''. Birds (such as pigeons and ducks) and pigs serve as natural hosts, though dogs have been shown to be infected as well. It is a single stranded DNA virus (ssDNA). There are 49 species in this genus. Some members of this genus cause disease: PCV-1 is non pathogenic, while PCV-2 causes

postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome Porcine circoviral disease (PCVD) and porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), is a disease seen in domestic pigs. This disease causes illness in piglets, with clinical signs including progressive loss of body condition, visibly enlarged l ...

(PMWS).

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized: *''

Barbel circovirus Barbel may refer to: *Barbel (anatomy), a whisker-like organ near the mouth found in some fish (notably catfish, loaches and cyprinids) and turtles *Barbel (fish), a common name for certain species of fish **''Barbus barbus'', a species of cyprinid ...

'' *'' Bat associated circovirus 1'' *'' Bat associated circovirus 2'' *''

Bat associated circovirus 3 Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

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Bat associated circovirus 4 Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

'' *'' Bat associated circovirus 5'' *''

Bat associated circovirus 6 Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

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Bat associated circovirus 7 Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ...

'' *''

Bat associated circovirus 8 Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

'' *'' Bat associated circovirus 9'' *'' Bat associated circovirus 10'' *'' Bat associated circovirus 11'' *''

Bat associated circovirus 12 Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

'' *'' Bat associated circovirus 13'' *''

Beak and feather disease virus Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a viral disease affecting all Old World and New World parrots. The causative virus—''beak and feather disease virus'' (BFDV)—belongs to the taxonomic genus ''Circovirus'', family ''Circovirida ...

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Bear circovirus Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae. They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Nor ...

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Canary circovirus Canary originally referred to the island of Gran Canaria on the west coast of Africa, and the group of surrounding islands (the Canary Islands). It may also refer to: Animals Birds * Canaries, birds in the genera ''Serinus'' and ''Crithagra'' in ...

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Canine circovirus ''Canine circovirus'' (CaCV or DogCV), first isolated in 2012, is a small non-enveloped, icosahedral, single-stranded DNA virus that infects domestic dogs and wild canids exclusively. It is a member of the ''Circoviridae'' family and the genus '' ...

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Chimpanzee associated circovirus 1 The chimpanzee (''Pan troglodytes''), also known as simply the chimp, is a species of great ape native to the forest and savannah of tropical Africa. It has four confirmed subspecies and a fifth proposed subspecies. When its close relative the ...

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Civet circovirus A civet () is a small, lean, mostly nocturnal mammal native to tropical Asia and Africa, especially the tropical forests. The term civet applies to over a dozen different species, mostly from the family Viverridae. Most of the species diversity ...

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Duck circovirus ''Duck circovirus'' (DuCV) is a type of virus found in ducks. Strains of the virus have predominantly been found in China, though strains have also been isolated from ducks in Germany and the United States. ''Duck circovirus'' is a small nonenv ...

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Elk circovirus The elk (''Cervus canadensis''), also known as the wapiti, is one of the largest species within the deer family, Cervidae, and one of the largest terrestrial mammals in its native range of North America and Central and East Asia. The common ...

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European catfish circovirus European, or Europeans, or Europeneans, may refer to: In general * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to Europe ** Ethnic groups in Europe ** Demographics of Europe ** European cuisine, the cuisines of Europe a ...

'' *''

Finch circovirus The true finches are small to medium-sized passerine birds in the family Fringillidae. Finches have stout conical bills adapted for eating seeds and nuts and often have colourful plumage. They occupy a great range of habitats where they are usua ...

Structure

Viruses in ''Circovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and round geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 17 nm. Genomes are circular and non-segmented. The virions of Circoviruses are surprisingly small, with diameters ranging from 17 up to 22 nm.

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and nuclear pore export. Birds and pigs serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are fecal-oral and parental.

References

External links

Viralzone: Circovirus

ICTVCircovirus – MicrobeWiki
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5121560 Circoviridae Virus genera