The Cinchoneae are a
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae () is a family (biology), family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with Petiole ( ...
containing about 125
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
in 9
genera
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...
. Representatives are found from
Costa Rica
Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime bo ...
to southern tropical America.
Species within Cinchoneae are characterized as small trees or shrubs with imbricate or valvate corolla aestivation and often dry capsular fruits.
Many species contain alkaloids.
Genera
Currently accepted names
* ''
Ciliosemina
''Ciliosemina'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. There are two recognized species distributed in South America from the eastern Andes to the Amazon basin.[Cinchona
''Cinchona'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. All are native to the Tropical Andes, tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are ...]
''
L. (24 sp)
* ''
Cinchonopsis''
L.Andersson (1 sp)
* ''
Joosia''
H.Karst. (12 sp)
* ''
Ladenbergia''
Klotzsch (35 sp)
* ''
Maguireocharis''
Steyerm. (1 sp)
* ''
Pimentelia''
Wedd. (1 sp)
* ''
Remijia''
DC. (45 sp)
* ''
Stilpnophyllum''
Hook.f. (4 sp)
Synonyms
* ''Cascarilla''
( Endl.) Wedd. = ''
Ladenbergia''
*''Cephalodendron''
Steyerm. = ''
Remijia''
* ''Kinkina''
Adans. = ''
Cinchona
''Cinchona'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. All are native to the Tropical Andes, tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are ...
''
* ''Macrocneumum''
Vand. = ''
Remijia''
* ''Quinquina''
Boehm. = ''
Cinchona
''Cinchona'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. All are native to the Tropical Andes, tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are ...
''
References
Cinchonoideae tribes
{{Cinchonoideae-stub