''Chlorociboria'' is the type genus of in the fungal

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Chlorociboriaceae The Chlorociboriaceae are a family of "cup fungi" in the order Helotiales, with type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological ...

within order

Helotiales Helotiales is an order (biology), order of the class Leotiomycetes within the division Ascomycota. The taxonomy within Helotiales has been debated. It has expanded significantly as genomic techniques for taxonomical identification have become mor ...

. The genus includes 23 species. Two common temperate zone species, ''

Chlorociboria aeruginascens ''Chlorociboria aeruginascens'' is a saprobic species of mushroom, commonly known as the blue stain, green elfcup or the green wood cup because of its characteristic small, green, saucer-shaped fruit bodies. The actual fruit bodies are infrequent ...

'' and '' Chlorociboria aeruginosa'', can only reliably be distinguished by microscopic examination. ''Chlorociboria aeruginosa'' has larger

spores In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plant ...

(9–15

μm The micrometre (Commonwealth English as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American English), also commonly known by the non-SI term micron, is a unit of length in the International System ...

× 1.5–2.5 μm) and the worm-like cells of the outer surface are rough, unlike the commoner ''C. aeruginascens'', of which the spores are 6–10 μm × 1.5–2 μm. The

hypha A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one o ...

e and

fruit bodies The sporocarp (also known as fruiting body, fruit body or fruitbody) of fungi is a multicellular structure on which spore-producing structures, such as basidia or asci, are borne. The fruitbody is part of the sexual phase of a fungal life cyc ...

of all species make

xylindein Xylindein is a quinone pigment, a dimeric naphthoquinone derivative. It is produced by fungi in the genus ''Chlorociboria''. This pigment causes green staining of wood infected by the fungi. Etymology This pigment was firstly extracted in 1868 b ...

, a

secondary metabolite Secondary metabolites, also called ''specialised metabolites'', ''secondary products'', or ''natural products'', are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, archaea, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved ...

that stains the

substrate Substrate may refer to: Physical layers *Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached ** Substrate (aquatic environment), the earthy material that exi ...

wood blue-green, with "green oak" being a valued commodity in woodworking. The blue-green pigmented wood is featured in

Tunbridge ware Tunbridge ware is a form of decoratively inlaid woodwork, typically in the form of boxes, that is characteristic of Tonbridge and the spa town of Royal Tunbridge Wells in Kent in the 18th and 19th centuries. The decoration typically consists of a ...

Habit

Blue-green stain is evident year-round, with

ascocarp An ascocarp, or ascoma (: ascomata), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascoc ...

production occurring from summer to fall.

Species

*''

Chlorociboria procera ''Chlorociboria procera'' is a species of fungus in the family Chlorociboriaceae The Chlorociboriaceae are a family of "cup fungi" in the order Helotiales, with type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the ge ...

'' *'' Chlorociboria salviicolor'' *'' Chlorociboria spathulata'' *'' Chlorociboria spiralis''

References

External links

Mushroom Expert
''Chlorociboria aeruginascens''

Helotiaceae {{Leotiomycetes-stub

Habit

Species

See also

References

External links