Chengyang Kingdom ( zh, 城陽國) was a
kingdom of China's
Han and
Jin dynasties, located in present-day southeastern
Shandong
Shandong is a coastal Provinces of China, province in East China. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilization along the lower reaches of the Yellow River. It has served as a pivotal cultural ...
.
Chengyang was originally a
commandery
In the Middle Ages, a commandery (rarely commandry) was the smallest administrative division of the European landed properties of a military order. It was also the name of the house where the knights of the commandery lived.Anthony Luttrell and G ...
in the
Qi Kingdom of early Han dynasty. The territory was granted to
Princess Yuan of Lu
Princess Yuan of Lu, personal name unknown, also called Princess Luyuan (late 3rd-century BC – May 187 BC), was a princess of the Han dynasty. She was the eldest daughter of the dynasty's founder Emperor Gaozu and Empress Lü Zhi. She had o ...
as her fief in 193 BC, but was returned to Qi in 179 BC. In 178 BC,
Liu Zhang, a son of
King Daohui of Qi, became the first King of Chengyang. The capital was
Ju. Throughout the Western Han dynasty, a total of 53 marquessates was created on the territories of Chengyang and added to the neighboring commanderies. In late Western Han, the kingdom covered only 4 counties: Ju, Yangdu (陽都), Dong'an (東安) and Lü (虑). The population in 2 AD was 205,784 individuals, or 56,642 households. Zhang's descendants held the kingdom until
Wang Mang
Wang Mang (45 BCE6 October 23 CE), courtesy name Jujun, officially known as the Shijianguo Emperor (), was the founder and the only emperor of the short-lived Chinese Xin dynasty. He was originally an official and consort kin of the ...
's usurpation. After the restoration of Eastern Han, the kingdom was granted to Liu Zhi (劉祉), a relative of the
Emperor Guangwu
Emperor Guangwu of Han (; 15 January 5 BC29 March AD 57), born Liu Xiu (), courtesy name Wenshu (), was a Chinese monarch. He served as an emperor of the Han dynasty by restoring the dynasty in AD 25, thus founding the Eastern Han dynasty. He ...
. Zhi died in 35 AD, and Chengyang was converted to a commandery. In 37, the commandery was merged into
Langya.
['']Book of Later Han
The ''Book of the Later Han'', also known as the ''History of the Later Han'' and by its Chinese name ''Hou Hanshu'' (), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Late ...
'', Chapter 1.
In 198, Chengyang Commandery was recreated during
Cao Cao
Cao Cao (; ; ; 15 March 220), courtesy name Mengde, was a Chinese statesman, warlord, and poet who rose to power during the end of the Han dynasty (), ultimately taking effective control of the Han central government. He laid the foundation f ...
's rule in 198 AD. After the foundation of Jin dynasty, Chengyang was again converted to a kingdom/principality and was successively granted to Sima Zhao (司馬兆), a brother of
Emperor Wu of Jin
Emperor Wu of Jin (; 236 – 16 May 290), personal name Sima Yan (), courtesy name Anshi (安世), was a grandson of Sima Yi, nephew of Sima Shi and son of Sima Zhao. He became the first emperor of the Jin dynasty (266–420), Jin dynasty a ...
, and later Sima Jing (司馬景) and Sima Xian (司馬憲), two sons of Emperor Wu.
Kings
*
Liu Zhang (劉章), King Jing (景) of Chengyang, 178–176 BC;
*Liu Xi (劉喜), King Gong (共) of Chengyang, 176–168 BC, 165–143 BC;
*Liu Yan (劉延), King Qing (頃) of Chengyang, 143–117 BC;
*Liu Yi (劉義), King Jing (敬) of Chengyang, 117–108 BC;
*Liu Wu (劉武), King Hui (惠) of Chengyang, 108–97 BC;
*Liu Shun (劉順), King Huang (荒) of Chengyang, 97–51 BC
*Liu Hui (劉恢), King Dai (戴) of Chengyang, 51–43 BC;
*Liu Jing (劉景), King Xiao (孝) of Chengyang, 43–19 BC;
*Liu Yun (劉雲), King Ai (哀) of Chengyang, 19–18 BC;
*Liu Li (劉俚), 16 BC – 9 AD;
['']Book of Han
The ''Book of Han'' is a history of China finished in 111 CE, covering the Western, or Former Han dynasty from the first emperor in 206 BCE to the fall of Wang Mang in 23 CE. The work was composed by Ban Gu (32–92 CE), ...
'', Chapter 14.
*Liu Zhi (劉祉), 26–35 AD.
References
{{reflist
Kingdoms of the Han dynasty