''Ceritoturris'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Horaiclavidae Horaiclavidae is a family of predatory sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomi ...

.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Ceritoturris Dall, 1924. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390828 on 2020-08-04 It was previously included within the subfamily

Crassispirinae Pseudomelatomidae is a family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropods included in the superfamily Conoidea (previously Conacea) and part of the Neogastropoda ( Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). In 1995 Kantor elevated the subfamily Pseudomelatominae ...

, family

Turridae Turridae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family name for a number of predatory sea snails, Marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.MolluscaBase (2018). Turridae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (1838). ...

. Fossils of ''Ceritoturris fecunda'' Lozouet, 1999 have been found in

Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...

strata of

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

; age range: 15.97 to 11.608 Ma. and late

Oligocene The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch (geology), epoch of the Paleogene Geologic time scale, Period that extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that defin ...

strata in the

Aquitaine Basin The Aquitaine Basin is the second largest Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary basin in France after the Paris Basin, occupying a large part of the country's southwestern quadrant. Its surface area covers 66,000 km2 onshore. It formed on Varisca ...

Description

The minute shell has a blunt

protoconch A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also called " ...

. The second

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). In nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...

shows a peripheral keel. The seven subsequent whorls are moderately rounded, axially and spirally sculptured. The

siphonal canal The siphonal canal is an anatomical feature of the shells of certain groups of sea snails within the clade Neogastropoda. Some sea marine gastropods have a soft tubular anterior extension of the mantle called a siphon through which water i ...

is almost obsolete.

Species

Species within the genus ''Ceritoturris'' include: * '' Ceritoturris bittium'' (Dall, 1924) * † '' Ceritoturris fecunda'' Lozouet, 1999 * † '' Ceritoturris littoralis'' Lozouet, 2017 * '' Ceritoturris nataliae'' Kilburn, 1988 * † '' Ceritoturris philippei'' Lozouet, 2017 * '' Ceritoturris pupiformis'' (E. A. Smith, 1884) * '' Ceritoturris suavis'' (Hervier, 1896) * '' Ceritoturris thailandica'' Robba et al., 2006 ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Ceritoturris papillosa'' (Garrett, 1873): synonym of '' Carinapex papillosa'' (Garrett, 1873) * ''Ceritoturris theoteles'' (Melvill & Standen, 1896): synonym of ''

Iredalea theoteles ''Iredalea theoteles'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.Bouchet, P. (2015). Iredalea theoteles (Melvill & Standen, 1896). In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species a ...

'' (Melvill & Standen, 1896)

References

* Kilburn R.N. (1988). Turridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 4. Subfamilies Drillinae, Crassispirinae and Strictispirinae. Annals of the Natal Museum. 29(1): 167-320. * Lozouet, P., 1999. ''Nouvelles espèces de gastéropodes (Mollusca: Gastropoda) de l'Oligocène et du Miocène inférieur d'Aquitaine (sud-ouest de la France). Partie 2''. Cossmanniana 6(1-2): 1-68

External links

Dall W.H. (1924). Notes on molluscan nomenclature. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 37: 87-90

Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Y. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (2011). A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77(3): 273-308
Horaiclavidae Gastropod genera {{Horaiclavidae-stub