Archibald Campbell Douglas (usually simply referred to as Campbell Douglas) (14 June 1828 – 14 April 1910) was a Scottish architect based primarily in Glasgow. He designed many churches in Glasgow and Edinburgh, especially those for the

Free Church of Scotland In contemporary usage, the Free Church of Scotland usually refers to: * Free Church of Scotland (since 1900), that portion of the original Free Church which remained outside the 1900 merger; extant It may also refer to: * Free Church of Scotland (1 ...

. He was three times President of the Glasgow Architectural Association and in 1891 was the Vice President of the

Royal Institute of British Architects The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is a professional body for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally, founded for the advancement of architecture under its royal charter granted in 1837, three suppl ...

. He was active in politics, and was a member of the Scottish Liberal Club, Glasgow Liberal Club and

National Liberal Club The National Liberal Club (NLC) is a London private members' club, open to both men and women. It was established by William Ewart Gladstone in 1882 to provide club facilities for Liberal Party campaigners among the newly enlarged electorate f ...

(in London). He was also a Justice of the Peace in

Argyllshire Argyll (; archaically Argyle; , ), sometimes called Argyllshire, is a historic county and registration county of western Scotland. The county ceased to be used for local government purposes in 1975 and most of the area now forms part of ...

.Dictionary of Scottish Architects: Campbell Douglas

Early life

Douglas was born at

Kilbarchan Kilbarchan (; ) is a village and civil parish in central Renfrewshire, in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. It is almost contiguous with Johnstone, about 5 miles or 8 km west of the centre of Paisley. The village's name means "cell (chape ...

in 1828, the son of Janet Monteath and the Rev. Robert Douglas, minister in the parish of

Renfrewshire Renfrewshire () (; ) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. Renfrewshire is located in the west central Lowlands. It borders East Renfrewshire, Glasgow, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire and West Dunbartonshire, and lies on the southern ba ...

. He attended the

University of Glasgow The University of Glasgow (abbreviated as ''Glas.'' in Post-nominal letters, post-nominals; ) is a Public university, public research university in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded by papal bull in , it is the List of oldest universities in continuous ...

at the age of 13. In 1842, he was articled to

John Thomas Rochead John Thomas Rochead (28 March 1814 – 7 April 1878) was a Scottish architect. He is most noteworthy on a national scale for having been the designer of the Wallace Monument. Life He was born in Edinburgh, the son of John Rochead and Catheri ...

, architect, who was based in

Glasgow Glasgow is the Cities of Scotland, most populous city in Scotland, located on the banks of the River Clyde in Strathclyde, west central Scotland. It is the List of cities in the United Kingdom, third-most-populous city in the United Kingdom ...

. In 1843, together with his father, they left the established Church of Scotland and joined the Free Church, following the Disruption of that year. This led to many later commissions. After a time in England he set up his own practice in Glasgow in 1855. It seems he may have had an office in Fife, where his brother Robert Douglas was an iron founder and engineer.

Works

He came to early fame with the designs of Briggate Free Church in Glasgow and North Leith Free Church in Edinburgh. At this time he employed the talented draughtsman Bruce Jones Talbot. In 1860 he took

John James Stevenson John James Stevenson FRSE FSA FRIBA (24 August 1831 – 5 May 1908), usually referred to as J. J. Stevenson, was a British architect of the late-Victorian era. Born in Glasgow, he worked in Glasgow, Edinburgh and London. He is particularly assoc ...

(b.24 August 1831) into partnership and they set up office at 24 George Street in

Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. The city is located in southeast Scotland and is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth and to the south by the Pentland Hills. Edinburgh ...

. This lasted until the death of Stevenson's father in 1866 at which point he inherited a large sum of money and drifted out of the profession. From 1868 to his retiral in 1906 Douglas's principal office was in Glasgow where he and

James Sellars James Sellars (2 December 1843 – 9 October 1888) was a Scotland, Scottish architect who was heavily influenced by the work of Alexander Greek Thomson. Life Sellars was born in the Gorbals in Glasgow, son of James Sellars, house factor a ...

formed the architectural firm of Campbell Douglas & Sellars which expanded to include large commercial. educational and municipal projects. During this period employees included Charles Alfred Chastel de Boinville, a talented Anglo-French architect, who brought a European flavour to the designs. Douglas helped

Colin Alexander McVean Colin Alexander McVean, Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, FRGS (6 March 1838 – 18 January 1912) was a Scottish civil engineer who contributed to Japan's engineering development in 1870s. He left two brief autobiographies, diaries, photo ...

, a chief surveyor of Japan's Public Works, to build first technical school building, later

Imperial College of Engineering The Imperial College of Engineering (工部大学校, ''Kōbudaigakkō'') was a Empire of Japan, Japanese institution of higher education that was founded during the Meiji era. The college was established under the auspices of the Ministry of P ...

. In 1865, he married Elizabeth Menzies, the granddaughter of

Alexander Cowan Alexander Cowan (17 June 1775 – 13 February 1859) was a Scottish papermaker and philanthropist. He was the 13th child and third surviving son of Charles Cowan (8 June 1735 – 23 February 1805) and Marjory Cowan nee Fidler (16 July 1734 – 3 ...

. This led to his commission to build the Cowan Institute, now known as

Penicuik Town Hall Penicuik Town Hall, formerly the Cowan Institute, is a municipal building in the High Street, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland. The structure, which was the meeting place of Penicuik Burgh Council, is a Category C listed building. History The bui ...

, in Cowan's memory. In 1903 he merged with the much younger Alexander Nisbet Paterson to create "Campbell Douglas & Paterson", probably to give more kudos to the blossoming young architect. He died of bladder disease in 1910, aged 81, at his house 25 Braid Avenue, Edinburgh, leaving the then-substantial sum of over £8,000. He was cremated and his ashes were buried in Morningside Cemetery against the south wall, towards the south-west corner. His wife Elizabeth Menzies (1837–1923) lies with him.

Trainees

* John Rhind *

* J. J. Stevenson * Charles Alfred Chastel de Boinville

Principal works

*Wallacetown Free Church,

Ayrshire Ayrshire (, ) is a Counties of Scotland, historic county and registration county, in south-west Scotland, located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde. The lieutenancy areas of Scotland, lieutenancy area of Ayrshire and Arran covers the entirety ...

(1855) *

Alloway Alloway (, ) is a suburb of Ayr, and former village, in South Ayrshire, Scotland, located on the River Doon. It is best known as the birthplace of Robert Burns and the setting for his poem Tam o' Shanter (Burns poem), "Tam o' Shanter". Tobias Ba ...

Parish Church (1855) *Briggate Free Church,

(1857–1859) *Invertiel Free Church,

Kirkcaldy Kirkcaldy ( ; ; ) is a town and former royal burgh in Fife, on the east coast of Scotland. It is about north of Edinburgh and south-southwest of Dundee. The town had a recorded population of 49,460 in 2011, making it Fife's second-largest s ...

(1857) *Millport Free Churcyh, Bute (1857) *Brisbane Academy,

Largs Largs () is a town on the Firth of Clyde in North Ayrshire, Scotland, about from Glasgow. The original name means "the slopes" (''An Leargaidh'') in Scottish Gaelic. A popular seaside resort with a pier, the town markets itself on its histor ...

(1858) *Lion St UP Church, Glasgow (1859) * Corn Exchange, Cupar, Fife (1861) *McDonald Mission Church, Cowcaddens, Glasgow (1861) *Moulin Free Church,

Pitlochry Pitlochry (; or ) is a town in the Perth and Kinross council area of Scotland, lying on the River Tummel. It is historically in the county of Perthshire, and has a population of 2,776, according to the 2011 census.Scotland's 2011 census. (n.p. ...

(1861) *St Peters Mission Church, Glasgow (1861) *

Kelvinside Kelvinside is a district in the Scottish city of Glasgow. It is situated north of the River Clyde and is bounded by Broomhill, Dowanhill and Hyndland to the south with Kelvindale and the River Kelvin to the north. It is an affluent area of Gl ...

Free Church (1862) * Campsie Free Church (1863) *

Clola Clola is a hamlet in Buchan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Clola is situated on the A952 road. There is considerable evidence of local habitation by early man in the vicinity of Clola. Some of these nearby human traces are evident in Catto Long Bar ...

Free Church (1863) *

Girls' School (1863) *Reformed Presbyterian Church,

Derry Derry, officially Londonderry, is the second-largest City status in the United Kingdom, city in Northern Ireland, and the fifth-largest on the island of Ireland. Located in County Londonderry, the city now covers both banks of the River Fo ...

(1863) *Greyfriars Church,

Dumfries Dumfries ( ; ; from ) is a market town and former royal burgh in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, near the mouth of the River Nith on the Solway Firth, from the Anglo-Scottish border. Dumfries is the county town of the Counties of Scotland, ...

(1866) *Cove Castle (jointly with

) (1867) *

Dunoon Pier Dunoon Pier is a Victorian era, Victorian pier in Dunoon, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is owned by Argyll and Bute Council, and was completed in its current form in 1898. Reaching out into the Firth of Clyde, the earliest parts of the pier date ...

and offices (1867) *Episcopal Church and English Free Church,

Campbeltown Campbeltown (; or ) is a town and former royal burgh in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It lies by Campbeltown Loch on the Kintyre Peninsula. Campbeltown became an important centre for Scotch whisky, and a busy fishing port. The 2018 populatio ...

(1867) *Monument to Dr John Alexander,

Cemetery (1868) *Scottish Amicable Insurance Offices, Glasgow (1870) *Burnbank UP Church, Glasgow (1871) *Stewart Memorial Fountain, Wellington Park, Kelvingrove (1871) *

Langholm Langholm , also known colloquially as the "Muckle Toon", is a burgh in Dumfries and Galloway, southern Scotland. Langholm lies between four hills in the valley of the River Esk in the Southern Uplands. Location and geography Langholm sits n ...

Cottage Hospital (1872) *Wesleyan Church, Claremont St, Glasgow (1872) *

Cowcaddens Cowcaddens (; , )
is an area of the city of

Free Church (1872) * Dysart Free Church (1872) * Crosshill Queen's Park Church, Glasgow (1872) *St Enoch's Free Church,

Partick Partick (, Scottish Gaelic: ''Partaig'') is an area of Glasgow on the north bank of the River Clyde, just across from Govan. To the west lies Whiteinch, to the east Yorkhill and Kelvingrove Park (across the River Kelvin), and to the north Broo ...

(1873) *

Lenzie Lenzie () is a small affluent town by the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway in the East Dunbartonshire council area and the historic county of Dunbartonshire in Scotland. It is about north-east of Glasgow city centre and south of Kirkintilloch. At ...

UP Church (1874) *

Cupar Cupar ( ; ) is a town, former royal burgh and parish in Fife, Scotland. It lies between Dundee and Glenrothes. According to a 2011 population estimate, Cupar had a population around 9,000, making it the ninth-largest settlement in Fife, and the ...

Free Church (1875) *Belhaven UP Church and Mission, Glasgow (1875–1877) *Blackfriars Park Church, Glasgow (1876) *

Kelvinside Academy Kelvinside Academy is a private day school in Glasgow, Scotland, founded in 1878. It has a capacity of over 600 pupils and spans two years of Nursery, six years of Junior School (primary school), a transition year of Senior Preparatory, and six ...

(working with

) (1877) *Finnieston Free Church, Kelvingrove (1878) *Her Majesty's Theatre, Gorbals Street, Glasgow (1878) demolished. *Milton Street School,

Cowcaddens Cowcaddens (; , )
is an area of the city of

(1878) *Anderston Free Church, Glasgow (1879) *

Medical Mission, Calton, Glasgow (1879) *Factory for Wylie & Lochhead, Charing Cross, Glasgow (1880–1883) *Mission Hospital in

Safed Safed (), also known as Tzfat (), is a city in the Northern District (Israel), Northern District of Israel. Located at an elevation of up to , Safed is the highest city in the Galilee and in Israel. Safed has been identified with (), a fortif ...

Syria Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to Syria–Turkey border, the north, Iraq to Iraq–Syria border, t ...

(now in Israel) (1880) *Free Abbey Church,

Dunfermline Dunfermline (; , ) is a city, parish, and former royal burgh in Fife, Scotland, from the northern shore of the Firth of Forth. Dunfermline was the de facto capital of the Kingdom of Scotland between the 11th and 15th centuries. The earliest ...

(1881) *Sick Children's Hospital,

Garnethill Garnethill is a predominantly residential area of the city of Glasgow, Scotland with a number of important public buildings. Geography Located in the city centre, the area borders Cowcaddens to its north, Sauchiehall Street to its south, Camb ...

(1881) *Pathhead Public Hall,

(1882) *

Lochgoilhead Lochgoilhead (, IPA: �kʰʲaun̴̪ˈɫ̪ɔxˈkɤilə is a village in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is located within the Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park. It stands at the head of Loch Goil. Location The village is surrounded by se ...

Free Church (1883) * Mugdock House (working with

) (1883) *Sinclairtown Town Hall and Library,

(1883) *Glasgow Medical Mission,

Gorbals The Gorbals is an area in the city of Glasgow, Scotland, and former burgh, on the south bank of the River Clyde. By the late 19th century, it had become densely populated; rural migrants and immigrants were attracted by the new industries and e ...

, Glasgow (1884) * Dysart Town Hall (1885) *Mission Hospital,

Tiberias Tiberias ( ; , ; ) is a city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee in northern Israel. A major Jewish center during Late Antiquity, it has been considered since the 16th century one of Judaism's Four Holy Cities, along with Jerusalem, Heb ...

in Israel (1885) *Proudfoot Institute,

Moffat Moffat is a burgh and parish in Dumfriesshire. Part of the Dumfries and Galloway local authority area in Scotland, it lies on the River Annan, with a population of around 2,500. It was a centre of the wool trade and a spa town. Moffat is arou ...

(1885) *St Andrews Free Church,

(1886) * Couper Institute,

Cathcart, Glasgow Cathcart (; , )
is an area of

Beith, Ayrshire (1887) (demolished 1984) * St. Andrew's Church, Exeter Road,

Bournemouth Bournemouth ( ) is a coastal resort town in the Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole unitary authority area, in the ceremonial county of Dorset, England. At the 2021 census, the built-up area had a population of 196,455, making it the largest ...

(1887) *Anderson's College Medical School, now part of the

(1888) *

Greenock Greenock (; ; , ) is a town in Inverclyde, Scotland, located in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. The town is the administrative centre of Inverclyde Council. It is a former burgh within the historic county of Renfrewshire, and forms ...

Baptist Church (1888) *

Hampstead Hampstead () is an area in London, England, which lies northwest of Charing Cross, located mainly in the London Borough of Camden, with a small part in the London Borough of Barnet. It borders Highgate and Golders Green to the north, Belsiz ...

Presbyterian Church (1888) *

Ayr Ayr ( ; ; , meaning "confluence of the River Àir"), is a town situated on the southwest coast of Scotland. A former royal burgh, today it is the administrative centre of South Ayrshire Council, and the historic county town of Ayrshire. With ...

Public Library (1891) *Canaan House, Morningside,

(1892) demolished *Bridgend UP Church,

Bridgend Bridgend (; or just , meaning "the end of the bridge on the Ogmore") is a town in the Bridgend County Borough of Wales, west of Cardiff and east of Swansea. The town is named after the Old Bridge, Bridgend, medieval bridge over the River Og ...

(1893) *

(formerly the Cowan Institute),

Penicuik Penicuik ( ; ; ) is a town and former Police burgh, burgh in Midlothian, Scotland, lying on the west bank of the River Esk, Lothian, River North Esk. It lies on the A701 road, A701 midway between Edinburgh and Peebles, east of the Pentland Hil ...

(1893)History of Penicuik: Cowan Institute *

Inveraray Inveraray ( or ; meaning "mouth of the Aray") is a town in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Located on the western shore of Loch Fyne, near its head, Inveraray is a former royal burgh and known affectionately as "The Capital of Argyll." It is the ...

Free Church (1895) * Sandeman Library,

Perth Perth () is the list of Australian capital cities, capital city of Western Australia. It is the list of cities in Australia by population, fourth-most-populous city in Australia, with a population of over 2.3 million within Greater Perth . The ...

(1898) *

Milngavie Milngavie ( ; ) is a town in East Dunbartonshire, Scotland and a suburb of Glasgow. It is on the Allander Water, at the northwestern edge of Greater Glasgow, and about from Glasgow city centre. It neighbours Bearsden. Milngavie is a commuter t ...

Free Church and Hall (1896) * Paisley Technical School (1896) *UP Church,

St John's Town of Dalry St John's Town of Dalry (), usually referred to simply as Dalry ( ), is a village in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, in the historic county of Kirkcudbrightshire. Location St Johns Town is located close to the Southern Upland Way, and the ...

(1897) *

Burgh Infectious Diseases Hospital (1897) *Factory for

Barr & Stroud Barr & Stroud Limited was a pioneering Glasgow optical engineering firm. They played a leading role in developing modern optics, including rangefinders, for the Royal Navy and other branches of British Armed Forces during the 20th century. There ...

in Anniesland, Glasgow (1903) *

Lochboisdale Lochboisdale ( ) is the main village and port on the island of South Uist, Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Lochboisdale is within the parish of South Uist, and is situated on the shore of Loch Baghasdail at the southern end of the A865. History The ...

Church,

South Uist South Uist (, ; ) is the second-largest island of the Outer Hebrides in Scotland. At the 2011 census, it had a usually resident population of 1,754: a decrease of 64 since 2001. The island, in common with the rest of the Hebrides, is one of the ...

(1904) *National Bank of Scotland, St Enoch's Square, Glasgow (1906)

Gallery

File:QueensPark-church-glasgow.jpg, Queen's Park Church, Glasgow File:Cupar Corn Exchange.jpg, Cupar Corn Exchange File:The Cowan Institute, Penicuik.JPG, Penicuik Town Hall (formerly the Cowan Institute),

File:The grave of Campbell Douglas, Morningside Cemetery, Edinburgh.JPG, The grave of Campbell Douglas, Morningside Cemetery, Edinburgh File:Spier's School, Beith, from the front garden.jpg, Spier's School

References

*''Dictionary of Scottish Architects'': Campbell Douglas *''Buildings of Scotland: Edinburgh'' by Gifford McWilliam and Walker {{DEFAULTSORT:Douglas, Campbell 1828 births 1910 deaths People associated with Edinburgh People associated with Glasgow Scottish architects Alumni of the University of Glasgow