Caenoplanini is a tribe of

land planarians Geoplanidae is a family of flatworms known commonly as land planarians or land flatworms. These flatworms are mainly predators of other invertebrates, which they hunt, attack and capture using physical force and the adhesive and digestive proper ...

in the subfamily

Rhynchodeminae Rhynchodeminae is a subfamily of land planarians with a worldwide distribution. Phylogeny and systematics Based on morphological evidence, especially the presence of a single pair of eyes, the subfamily Rhynchodeminae initially encompassed only ...

mostly found throughout the

Australasian Australasian is the adjectival form of Australasia, a geographical region including Australia, New Zealand, and New Guinea. Australasian may also refer to: Institutions Commercial * Australasian Correctional Management, private company runnin ...

and

Oceanian realm The Oceanian realm is one of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) biogeographic realms, and is unique in not including any continental land mass. It has the smallest land area of any of the WWF realms. This realm includes the islands of the Pacific O ...

Description

The tribe Caenoplanini is defined as containing land planarians with multiple eyes along the body, which do not spread dorsally, ventrally located testes and a thick layer of longitudinal muscles.

Phylogeny and systematics

Based on morphological evidence, species now classified as Caenoplanini were initially considered a subfamily, Caenoplaninae, and sister group of the subfamily

Geoplaninae Geoplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians endemic to the Neotropical region. However, one species, ''Obama nungara'' has been introduced in Europe. Description The subfamily Geoplaninae was initially defined by Ogren and Kawakatsu (1990)Ogr ...

. Both were united by the presence of multiple eyes along the body and distinguished from each other by the presence of dorsal testes in Geoplaninae and ventral ones in Caenoplaninae. However, molecular studies revealed that this classification was artificial and that Caenoplaninae were actually closely related to

. Therefore, recent classification puts the former subfamilies Rhynchodeminae and Caenoplaninae as tribes, respectively Rhynchodemini and Caenoplanini, within an expanded subfamily Rhynchodeminae. This group is supported by molecular phylogeny, but there are no known

synapomorphies In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to hav ...

Genera

Currently the tribe Caenoplanini comprises the following genera: *''

Arthurdendyus ''Arthurdendyus'' is a genus of land planarians from New Zealand. It was erected in 1999 and includes the invasive species ''Arthurdendyus triangulatus'', known as the New Zealand flatworm. Description Species of ''Arthurdendyus'' are charac ...

'' Jones, 1999 *'' Artioposthia'' von Graff, 1896 *'' Australopacifica'' Ogren & Kawakatsu, 1991 *'' Australoplana'' Winsor, 1991 *''

Caenoplana ''Caenoplana'' is a genus of land planarians from Australia and New Zealand. Description The genus ''Caenoplana'' is characterized by having an elongate, cylindrical to sub-cylindrical body. The eyes are arranged along the body margins, crow ...

'' Moseley, 1877 *''

Coleocephalus ''Coleocephalus'' is a genus of land planarians that currently contains a single species, ''Coleocephalus fuscus'', from Enderby Island, New Zealand. Description The genus ''Coleocephalus'' is characterized by an anterior end that is curved ...

'' Fyfe, 1953 *'' Endeavouria'' Ogren & Kawakatsu, 1991 *'' Fletchamia'' Winsor, 1991 *'' Kontikia'' C. G. Froehlich, 1955 *'' Lenkunya'' Winsor, 1991 *'' Newzealandia'' Ogren & Kawakatsu, 1991 *'' Pimea'' Winsor, 1991 *'' Reomkago'' Winsor, 1991 *''

Tasmanoplana ''Tasmanoplana'' is a genus of land planarians from Australia. Description Species of the genus ''Tasmanoplana'' are characterized by having an elongate, subcylindrical body that is flat ventrally. The creeping sole occupies more than two th ...

'' Winsor, 1991

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q21227850 Geoplanidae