''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the
Psyllidae
Psyllidae, the jumping plant lice or psyllids, are a family of small plant-feeding insects that tend to be very host-specific, i.e. each plant-louse species only feeds on one plant species (monophagous) or feeds on a few closely related plants ( ...
family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''
psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''
Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''
Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''
Cacopsylla affinis''
* ''
Cacopsylla alaskensis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla alaterni
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla alba
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla albagena
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla albipes
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla ambigua''
* ''
Cacopsylla americana''
* ''
Cacopsylla annulata''
* ''
Cacopsylla arctica
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla atlantica
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla bagnalli
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla bidens
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla breviantennata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla breviata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla brevistigmata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla brunneipennis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla bulbosa
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla confusa
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* '' Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla consobrina
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla corcontum''
* ''
Cacopsylla coryli''
* ''
Cacopsylla costalis''
* ''
Cacopsylla crataegi
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla cretica''
* ''
Cacopsylla curta
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla difficilis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla dilonchi
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla elaeagni
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla elaeagnicola
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla elegans
''Cacopsylla elegans'' is a species of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. It is found on '' Sorbus japonica'' in Japan.
References
External links
''Cacopsylla elegans'' at catalogueoflife.org
Psyllidae
Hemiptera o ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla elegantissima''
* ''
Cacopsylla elegantula''
* ''
Cacopsylla exima
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla fasciata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla fatsiae
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla fibulata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla flori''
* ''
Cacopsylla groenlandica''
* ''
Cacopsylla haliaeeti''
* ''
Cacopsylla hamata''
* ''
Cacopsylla highwoodensis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla hippophaes''
* ''
Cacopsylla hirsuta
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla incerta
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla insignita
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla intacta''
* ''
Cacopsylla intermedia''
* ''
Cacopsylla iranica
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla iteophila''
* ''
Cacopsylla jenseni
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla kananaskensis''
* ''
Cacopsylla latiforceps
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla ledi
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla limbata''
* ''
Cacopsylla longiforceps''
* ''
Cacopsylla macleani''
* ''
Cacopsylla maculata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla magna
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla magnicauda
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla mali''
* ''
Cacopsylla manisi
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla mariannae
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla media
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla melanoneura''
* ''
Cacopsylla minor''
* ''
Cacopsylla minuta''
* ''
Cacopsylla moscovita''
* ''
Cacopsylla myrthi
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla myrtilli''
* ''
Cacopsylla nana
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla negundinis''
* ''
Cacopsylla nigranervosa''
* ''
Cacopsylla nigrita
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla nordica
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla notapennis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla notata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla omani''
* ''
Cacopsylla palmeni
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla parallela''
* ''
Cacopsylla pararibesiae
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla parvipennis''
* ''
Cacopsylla peregrina''
* ''
Cacopsylla permixta''
* ''
Cacopsylla perrieri
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla phlebophyllae''
* ''
Cacopsylla picta''
* ''
Cacopsylla propinqua''
* ''
Cacopsylla propria''
* ''
Cacopsylla pruni
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla pulchella''
* ''
Cacopsylla pulchra''
* ''
Cacopsylla pyri
''Psylla pyri'', commonly known as the pear psylla or pear psyllid, is an insect in the family Psyllidae. Originating in Europe and Asia, it has spread to North America. It is a pest of pear trees, sucking the sap, damaging the foliage, flowers ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla pyricola
''Cacopsylla pyricola'', commonly known as the pear sucker, is a true bug in the family Psyllidae and is a pest of pear trees (''Pyrus''). It originated in Europe, was introduced to the United States in the early nineteenth century and spread ac ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla pyrisuga''
* ''
Cacopsylla quadrilineata''
* ''
Cacopsylla rara
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla rhamnicola''
* ''
Cacopsylla rhododendri''
* ''
Cacopsylla ribesiae
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla ribis''
* ''
Cacopsylla rufipennis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla saliceti
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla saligna''
* ''
Cacopsylla septentrionalis''
* ''
Cacopsylla sinuata''
* ''
Cacopsylla sorbi
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla spiculata''
* ''
Cacopsylla striata''
* ''
Cacopsylla stricklandi''
* ''
Cacopsylla subspiculata''
* ''
Cacopsylla suturalis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla talhouki''
* ''
Cacopsylla tatrica
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla tenuata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla toolikensis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla tuthilli
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* ...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla ulmi''
* ''
Cacopsylla urticaecolens
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla usitata
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla viburni''
* ''
Cacopsylla visci''
* ''
Cacopsylla vondraceki''
* ''
Cacopsylla yosemitensis
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the '' psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* '' Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* '' Cacopsylla affinis''
...
''
* ''
Cacopsylla zaicevi''
* ''
Cacopsylla zetterstedti
''Cacopsylla'' is a genus of bugs in the Psyllidae family, the jumping plant lice. The genus includes most of the ''psylla'' harmful to fruit trees.
Species
* ''Cacopsylla abdominalis''
* ''Cacopsylla acuminata''
* ''Cacopsylla affinis''
* '' ...
''
References
External links
*
*
Psyllidae
Psylloidea genera
{{Sternorrhyncha-stub