Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 1 is an
enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDS1''
gene.
Function
Breakdown products of
phosphoinositides are ubiquitous
second messengers
Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules—the first messengers. (Intercellular signals, a non-local form or cell signaling, encompassing both first me ...
that function downstream of many
G protein-coupled receptors and
tyrosine kinases regulating cell growth, calcium metabolism, and
protein kinase C
In cell biology, Protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and t ...
activity. This gene encodes an enzyme which regulates the amount of phosphatidylinositol available for signaling by catalyzing the conversion of
phosphatidic acid Phosphatidic acids are anionic phospholipids important to cell signaling and direct activation of lipid-gated ion channels. Hydrolysis of phosphatidic acid gives rise to one molecule each of glycerol and phosphoric acid and two molecules of fatty ac ...
to
CDP-
diacylglycerol. This enzyme is an integral membrane protein localized to two subcellular domains, the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane where it is thought to be involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol and
cardiolipin
Cardiolipin (IUPAC name 1,3-bis(''sn''-3’-phosphatidyl)-''sn''-glycerol) is an important component of the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it constitutes about 20% of the total lipid composition. It can also be found in the membranes of most ...
.
and the cytoplasmic side of the endoplasmic reticulum where it functions in phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis. Two genes encoding this enzyme have been identified in humans, one mapping to human chromosome 4q21 (this gene) and a second (
CDS2
Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDS2'' gene.
Breakdown products of Phosphatidylinositol#Phosphoinositides, phosphoinositides are ubiquitous second messenger system, second messengers that func ...
) to 20p13.
References
Further reading
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External links
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EC 2.7.7
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