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The Bombini are a tribe of large bristly apid bees which feed on
'' Bombus cerdanyensis'' was described from Late
pollen
Pollen is a powdery substance produced by most types of flowers of seed plants for the purpose of sexual reproduction. It consists of pollen grains (highly reduced Gametophyte#Heterospory, microgametophytes), which produce male gametes (sperm ...
or nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by Plant, plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollination, pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to an ...
. Many species are social, forming nests of up to a few hundred individuals; other species, formerly classified as ''Psithyrus
Cuckoo bumblebees are members of the subgenus ''Psithyrus'' in the bumblebee genus '' Bombus''. Until the 1990s, ''Psithyrus'' was considered to constitute a separate genus.Williams, P.H. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships among bumblebees (''Bomb ...
'' cuckoo bees, are brood parasite
Brood may refer to:
Nature
* Brood, a collective term for offspring
* Brooding, the incubation of bird eggs by their parents
* Bee brood, the young of a beehive
* Individual broods of North American periodical cicadas:
** Brood X, the largest ...
s of nest-making species. The tribe contains a single living genus, '' Bombus'', the bumblebees, and some extinct genera such as ''Calyptapis
''Calyptapis'' is an extinct bombini genus related to bumblebees with one described species ''Calyptapis florissantensis''. It is known only from the Late Eocene Chadronian age shale
Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock formed f ...
'' and '' Oligobombus''. The tribe was described by Pierre André Latreille
Pierre André Latreille (; 29 November 1762 – 6 February 1833) was a French zoology, zoologist, specialising in arthropods. Having trained as a Roman Catholic priest before the French Revolution, Latreille was imprisoned, and only regained hi ...
in 1802.
Fossils
'' Bombus cerdanyensis'' was described from Late Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...
lacustrine beds of La Cerdanya, Spain in 2014.
'' Calyptapis florissantensis'' was described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1906 from the Chadronian (Eocene
The Eocene ( ) is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes ...
) lacustrine – large shale of Florissant in the US.
'' Oligobombus cuspidatus'' was described by Antropov ''et al'' (2014) from the Late Eocene
The Priabonian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS's geologic timescale, the latest age (geology), age or the upper stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Eocene epoch (geology), Epoch or series (stratigraphy), Series. It spans ...
Insect Bed of the Bembridge Marls on the Isle of Wight
The Isle of Wight (Help:IPA/English, /waɪt/ Help:Pronunciation respelling key, ''WYTE'') is an island off the south coast of England which, together with its surrounding uninhabited islets and Skerry, skerries, is also a ceremonial county. T ...
, England. The holotype fossil was described by re-examining a specimen in the Smith Collection.References
Sources
* C. D. Michener (2000) ''The Bees of the World'', Johns Hopkins University Press. {{Taxonbar, from=Q1239779 Apinae Bee tribes Taxa named by Pierre André Latreille