Bismuth Bismuth is a chemical element; it has symbol Bi and atomic number 83. It is a post-transition metal and one of the pnictogens, with chemical properties resembling its lighter group 15 siblings arsenic and antimony. Elemental bismuth occurs nat ...

(₈₃Bi) has 41 known

isotope Isotopes are distinct nuclear species (or ''nuclides'') of the same chemical element. They have the same atomic number (number of protons in their Atomic nucleus, nuclei) and position in the periodic table (and hence belong to the same chemica ...

s, ranging from ¹⁸⁴Bi to ²²⁴Bi. Bismuth has no

stable isotope Stable nuclides are Isotope, isotopes of a chemical element whose Nucleon, nucleons are in a configuration that does not permit them the surplus energy required to produce a radioactive emission. The Atomic nucleus, nuclei of such isotopes are no ...

s, but does have one very long-lived isotope; thus, the

standard atomic weight The standard atomic weight of a chemical element (symbol ''A''r°(E) for element "E") is the weighted arithmetic mean of the relative isotopic masses of all isotopes of that element weighted by each isotope's abundance on Earth. For example, ...

can be given as . Although

bismuth-209 Bismuth-209 (Bi) is an isotope of bismuth, with the longest known half-life of any radioisotope that undergoes α-decay (alpha decay). It has 83 protons and a magic number of 126 neutrons, and an atomic mass of 208.9803987 amu (atomic mass unit ...

is now known to be radioactive, it has classically been considered to be a stable isotope because it has a

half-life Half-life is a mathematical and scientific description of exponential or gradual decay. Half-life, half life or halflife may also refer to: Film * Half-Life (film), ''Half-Life'' (film), a 2008 independent film by Jennifer Phang * ''Half Life: ...

of approximately 2.01×10¹⁹ years, which is more than a billion times the age of the universe. Besides ²⁰⁹Bi, the most stable bismuth

radioisotopes A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is a nuclide that has excess numbers of either neutrons or protons, giving it excess nuclear energy, and making it unstable. This excess energy can be used in one of three ...

are ^210mBi with a half-life of 3.04 million years, ²⁰⁸Bi with a half-life of 368,000 years and ²⁰⁷Bi, with a half-life of 32.9 years, none of which occur in nature. All other isotopes have half-lives under 1 year, most under a day. Of naturally occurring radioisotopes, the most stable is

radiogenic A radiogenic nuclide is a nuclide that is produced by a process of radioactive decay. It may itself be radioactive (a radionuclide) or stable (a stable nuclide). Radiogenic nuclides (more commonly referred to as radiogenic isotopes) form some of ...

²¹⁰Bi with a half-life of 5.012 days. ^210mBi is unusual for being a

nuclear isomer A nuclear isomer is a metastable state of an atomic nucleus, in which one or more nucleons (protons or neutrons) occupy excited state levels (higher energy levels). "Metastable" describes nuclei whose excited states have Half-life, half-lives of ...

with a half-life multiple orders of magnitude longer than that of the ground state.

List of isotopes

, -id=Bismuth-184 , ¹⁸⁴Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 101 , 184.00135(13)# , 6.6(15) ms , α , ¹⁸⁰Tl , 3+# , , -id=Bismuth-184m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^184mBiOrder of ground state and isomer is uncertain. , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 150(100)# keV , 13(2) ms , α , ¹⁸⁰Tl , 10−# , , -id=Bismuth-185 , rowspan=2, ¹⁸⁵Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 102 , rowspan=2, 184.99760(9)# , rowspan=2, , p (92%) , ¹⁸⁴Pb , rowspan=2, (1/2+) , rowspan=2, , - , α (8%) , ¹⁸¹Tl , -id=Bismuth-185m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^185mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 70(50)# keV , 58(2) μs , IT , ¹⁸⁵Bi , (7/2−, 9/2−) , , -id=Bismuth-186 , rowspan=3, ¹⁸⁶Bi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 103 , rowspan=3, 185.996623(18) , rowspan=3, 14.8(7) ms , α (99.99%) , ¹⁸²Tl , rowspan=3, (3+) , rowspan=3, , - , β⁺ (?%) , ¹⁸⁶Pb , - , β⁺, SF (0.011%) , (various) , -id=Bismuth-186m , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^186mBi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 170(100)# keV , rowspan=3, 9.8(4) ms , α (99.99%) , ¹⁸²Tl , rowspan=3, (10−) , rowspan=3, , - , β⁺ (?%) , ¹⁸⁶Pb , - , β⁺, SF (0.011%) , (various) , -id=Bismuth-187 , ¹⁸⁷Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 104 , 186.993147(11) , 37(2) ms , α , ¹⁸³Tl , (9/2−) , , -id=Bismuth-187m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^187m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 108(8) keV , 370(20) μs , α , ¹⁸³Tl , 1/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-187m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^187m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 252(3) keV , 7(5) μs , IT , ¹⁸⁷Bi , (13/2+) , , -id=Bismuth-188 , rowspan=2, ¹⁸⁸Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 105 , rowspan=2, 187.992276(12) , rowspan=2, 60(3) ms , α , ¹⁸⁴Tl , rowspan=2, (3+) , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺, SF (0.0014%) , (various) , -id=Bismuth-188m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^188m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 66(30) keV , >5 μs , , , 7+# , , -id=Bismuth-188m2 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^188m2Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 153(30) keV , rowspan=2, 265(15) ms , α , ¹⁸⁴Tl , rowspan=2, (10−) , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺, SF (0.0046%) , (various) , -id=Bismuth-189 , ¹⁸⁹Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 106 , 188.989195(22) , 688(5) ms , α , ¹⁸⁵Tl , 9/2− , , -id=Bismuth-189m1 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^189m1Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 184(5) keV , rowspan=2, 5.0(1) ms , α (83%) , ¹⁸⁵Tl , rowspan=2, 1/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , IT (17%) , ¹⁸⁹Bi , -id=Bismuth-189m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^189m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 357.6(5) keV , 880(50) ns , IT , ¹⁸⁹Bi , 13/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-190 , rowspan=3, ¹⁹⁰Bi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 107 , rowspan=3, 189.988625(23) , rowspan=3, 6.3(1) s , α (77%) , ¹⁸⁶Tl , rowspan=3, (3+) , rowspan=3, , - , β⁺ (23%) , ¹⁹⁰Pb , - , β⁺, SF (6×10⁻⁶%) , (various) , -id=Bismuth-190m1 , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^190m1Bi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 120(40) keV , rowspan=3, 6.2(1) s , α (70%) , ¹⁸⁶Tl , rowspan=3, 10− , rowspan=3, , - , β⁺ (30%) , ¹⁹⁰Pb , - , β⁺, SF (4×10⁻⁶%) , (various) , -id=Bismuth-190m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^190m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 121(15) keV , 175(8) ns , IT , ¹⁹⁰Bi , (5−) , , -id=Bismuth-190m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^190m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 394(40) keV , 1.3(8) μs , IT , ¹⁹⁰Bi , (8−) , , -id=Bismuth-191 , rowspan=2, ¹⁹¹Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 108 , rowspan=2, 190.985787(8) , rowspan=2, 12.4(3) s , α (51%) , ¹⁸⁷Tl , rowspan=2, 9/2− , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺ (49%) , ¹⁹¹Pb , -id=Bismuth-191m1 , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^191m1Bi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 242(4) keV , rowspan=3, 125(8) ms , α (68%) , ¹⁸⁷Tl , rowspan=3, 1/2+ , rowspan=3, , - , IT (?%) , ¹⁹¹Bi , - , β⁺ (?%) , ¹⁹¹Pb , -id=Bismuth-191m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^191m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 429.7(5) keV , 562(10) ns , IT , ¹⁹¹Bi , 13/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-191m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^191m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1875(25)# keV , 400(40) ns , IT , ¹⁹¹Bi , 25/2-# , , -id=Bismuth-192 , rowspan=2, ¹⁹²Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 109 , rowspan=2, 191.98547(3) , rowspan=2, 34.6(9) s , β⁺ (88%) , ¹⁹²Pb , rowspan=2, (3+) , rowspan=2, , - , α (12%) , ¹⁸⁸Tl , -id=Bismuth-192m , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^192mBi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 140(30) keV , rowspan=2, 39.6(4) s , β⁺ (90%) , ¹⁹²Pb , rowspan=2, 10− , rowspan=2, , - , α (10%) , ¹⁸⁸Tl , -id=Bismuth-193 , rowspan=2, ¹⁹³Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 110 , rowspan=2, 192.982947(8) , rowspan=2, 63.6(30) s , β⁺ (96.5%) , ¹⁹³Pb , rowspan=2, 9/2− , rowspan=2, , - , α (3.5%) , ¹⁸⁹Tl , -id=Bismuth-193m1 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^193m1Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 305(6) keV , rowspan=2, 3.20(14) s , α (84%) , ¹⁸⁹Tl , rowspan=2, 1/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺ (16%) , ¹⁹³Pb , -id=Bismuth-193m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^193m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 605.53(18) keV , 153(10) ns , IT , ¹⁹³Bi , 13/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-193m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^193m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2349.6(6) keV , 85(3) μs , IT , ¹⁹³Bi , 29/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-193m4 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^193m4Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2405.1(7) keV , 3.02(8) μs , IT , ¹⁹³Bi , (29/2−) , , -id=Bismuth-194 , rowspan=2, ¹⁹⁴Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 111 , rowspan=2, 193.982799(6) , rowspan=2, 95(3) s , β⁺ (99.54%) , ¹⁹⁴Pb , rowspan=2, 3+ , rowspan=2, , - , α (0.46%) , ¹⁹⁰Tl , -id=Bismuth-194m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^194m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 150(50) keV , 125(2) s , β⁺ , ¹⁹⁴Pb , (6+, 7+) , , -id=Bismuth-194m2 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^194m2Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 163(4) keV , rowspan=2, 115(4) s , β⁺ (99.80%) , ¹⁹⁴Pb , rowspan=2, (10−) , rowspan=2, , - , α (0.20%) , ¹⁹⁰Tl , -id=Bismuth-195 , rowspan=2, ¹⁹⁵Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 112 , rowspan=2, 194.980649(6) , rowspan=2, 183(4) s , β⁺ (99.97%) , ¹⁹⁵Pb , rowspan=2, 9/2− , rowspan=2, , - , α (0.030%) , ¹⁹¹Tl , -id=Bismuth-195m1 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^195m1Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 399(6) keV , rowspan=2, 87(1) s , β⁺ (67%) , ¹⁹⁵Pb , rowspan=2, 1/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , α (33%) , ¹⁹¹Tl , -id=Bismuth-195m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^195m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2381.0(5) keV , 614(5) ns , IT , ¹⁹⁵Bi , (29/2−) , , -id=Bismuth-195m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^195m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2615.9(5) keV , 1.49(1) μs , IT , ¹⁹⁵Bi , 29/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-196 , rowspan=2, ¹⁹⁶Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 113 , rowspan=2, 195.980667(26) , rowspan=2, 5.13(20) min , β⁺ , ¹⁹⁶Pb , rowspan=2, (3+) , rowspan=2, , - , α (0.00115%) , ¹⁹²Tl , -id=Bismuth-196m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^196m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 166.4(29) keV , 0.6(5) s , IT , ¹⁹⁶Bi , (7+) , , -id=Bismuth-196m2 , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^196m2Bi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 272(3) keV , rowspan=3, 4.00(5) min , β⁺ (74.2%) , ¹⁹⁶Pb , rowspan=3, (10−) , rowspan=3, , - , IT (25.8%) , ¹⁹⁶Bi , - , α (3.8×10⁻⁴%) , ¹⁹⁶Bi , -id=Bismuth-197 , ¹⁹⁷Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 114 , 196.978865(9) , 9.33(50) min , β⁺ , ¹⁹⁷Pb , 9/2− , , -id=Bismuth-197m1 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^197m1Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 533(12) keV , rowspan=2, 5.04(16) min , α (55%) , ¹⁹³Tl , rowspan=2, 1/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺ (45%) , ¹⁹⁷Pb , -id=Bismuth-197m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^197m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2403(12) keV , 263(13) ns , IT , ¹⁹⁷Bi , (29/2−) , , -id=Bismuth-197m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^197m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2929.5(5) keV , 209(30) ns , IT , ¹⁹⁷Bi , (31/2−) , , -id=Bismuth-198 , ¹⁹⁸Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 115 , 197.979201(30) , 10.3(3) min , β⁺ , ¹⁹⁸Pb , 3+ , , -id=Bismuth-198m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^198m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 290(40) keV , 11.6(3) min , β⁺ , ¹⁹⁸Pb , 7+ , , -id=Bismuth-198m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^198m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 540(40) keV , 7.7(5) s , IT , ¹⁹⁸Bi , 10− , , -id=Bismuth-199 , ¹⁹⁹Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 116 , 198.977673(11) , 27(1) min , β⁺ , ¹⁹⁹Pb , 9/2− , , -id=Bismuth-199m1 , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^199m1Bi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 667(3) keV , rowspan=3, 24.70(15) min , β⁺ (>98%) , ¹⁹⁹Pb , rowspan=3, (1/2+) , rowspan=3, , - , IT (<2%) , ¹⁹⁹Bi , - , α (0.01%) , ¹⁹⁵Tl , -id=Bismuth-199m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^199m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1962(23) keV , 0.10(3) μs , IT , ¹⁹⁹Bi , 25/2+# , , -id=Bismuth-199m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^199m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2548(23) keV , 168(13) ns , IT , ¹⁹⁹Bi , 29/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-200 , ²⁰⁰Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 117 , 199.978131(24) , 36.4(5) min , β⁺ , ²⁰⁰Pb , 7+ , , -id=Bismuth-200m1 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^200m1Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 100(70)# keV , rowspan=2, 31(2) min , β⁺ (?%) , ²⁰⁰Pb , rowspan=2, (2+) , rowspan=2, , - , IT (?%) , ²⁰⁰Bi , -id=Bismuth-200m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^200m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 428.20(10) keV , 400(50) ms , IT , ²⁰⁰Bi , (10−) , , -id=Bismuth-201 , ²⁰¹Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 118 , 200.976995(13) , 103(3) min , β⁺ , ²⁰¹Pb , 9/2− , , -id=Bismuth-201m1 , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^201m1Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 846.35(18) keV , rowspan=2, 57.5(21) min , β⁺ , ²⁰¹Pb , rowspan=2, 1/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , α (?%) , ¹⁹⁷Tl , -id=Bismuth-201m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^201m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1973(23) keV , 118(28) ns , IT , ²⁰¹Bi , 25/2+# , , -id=Bismuth-201m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^201m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2012(23) keV , 105(75) ns , IT , ²⁰¹Bi , 27/2+# , , -id=Bismuth-201m4 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^201m4Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2781(23) keV , 124(4) ns , IT , ²⁰¹Bi , 29/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-202 , rowspan=2, ²⁰²Bi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 119 , rowspan=2, 201.977723(15) , rowspan=2, 1.72(5) h , β⁺ , ²⁰²Pb , rowspan=2, 5+ , rowspan=2, , - , α (<10⁻⁵%) , ¹⁹⁸Tl , -id=Bismuth-202m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^202m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 625(12) keV , 3.04(6) μs , IT , ²⁰²Bi , 10−# , , -id=Bismuth-202m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^202m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2617(12) keV , 310(50) ns , IT , ²⁰²Bi , (17+) , , -id=Bismuth-203 , ²⁰³Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 120 , 202.976892(14) , 11.76(5) h , β⁺ , ²⁰³Pb , 9/2− , , -id=Bismuth-203m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^203m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1098.21(9) keV , 305(5) ms , IT , ²⁰³Bi , 1/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-203m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^203m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2041.5(6) keV , 194(30) ns , IT , ²⁰³Bi , 25/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-204 , ²⁰⁴Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 121 , 203.977836(10) , 11.22(10) h , β⁺ , ²⁰⁴Pb , 6+ , , -id=Bismuth-204m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^204m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 805.5(3) keV , 13.0(1) ms , IT , ²⁰⁴Bi , 10− , , -id=Bismuth-204m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^204m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2833.4(11) keV , 1.07(3) ms , IT , ²⁰⁴Bi , 17+ , , -id=Bismuth-205 , ²⁰⁵Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 122 , 204.977385(5) , 14.91(7) d , β⁺ , ²⁰⁵Pb , 9/2− , , -id=Bismuth-205m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^205m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1497.17(9) keV , 7.9(7) μs , IT , ²⁰⁵Bi , 1/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-205m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^205m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2064.7(4) keV , 100(6) ns , IT , ²⁰⁵Bi , 21/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-205m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^205m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2139.0(7) keV , 220(25) ns , IT , ²⁰⁵Bi , 25/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-206 , ²⁰⁶Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 123 , 205.978499(8) , 6.243(3) d , β⁺ , ²⁰⁶Pb , 6+ , , -id=Bismuth-206m1 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^206m1Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 59.897(17) keV , 7.7(2) μs , IT , ²⁰⁶Bi , 4+ , , -id=Bismuth-206m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^206m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1044.8(7) keV , 890(10) μs , IT , ²⁰⁶Bi , 10− , , -id=Bismuth-206m3 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^206m3Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 9233.3(8) keV , 155(15) ns , IT , ²⁰⁶Bi , (28−) , , -id=Bismuth-206m4 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^206m4Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 10170.5(8) keV , >2 μs , IT , ²⁰⁶Bi , (31+) , , -id=Bismuth-207 , ²⁰⁷Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 124 , 206.9784706(26) , 31.22(17) y , β⁺ , ²⁰⁷Pb , 9/2− , , -id=Bismuth-207m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^207mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2101.61(16) keV , 182(6) μs , IT , ²⁰⁷Bi , 21/2+ , , -id=Bismuth-208 , ²⁰⁸Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 125 , 207.9797421(25) , 3.68(4)×10⁵ y , β⁺ , ²⁰⁸Pb , 5+ , , -id=Bismuth-208m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^208mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1571.1(4) keV , 2.58(4) ms , IT , ²⁰⁸Bi , 10− , , - , ²⁰⁹Bi
Formerly believed to be final

decay product In nuclear physics, a decay product (also known as a daughter product, daughter isotope, radio-daughter, or daughter nuclide) is the remaining nuclide left over from radioactive decay. Radioactive decay often proceeds via a sequence of steps ( d ...

of 4n+1

decay chain In nuclear science a decay chain refers to the predictable series of radioactive disintegrations undergone by the nuclei of certain unstable chemical elements. Radioactive isotopes do not usually decay directly to stable isotopes, but rather ...

Primordial Primordial may refer to: * Primordial era, an era after the Big Bang. See Chronology of the universe * Primordial soup, hypothetical conditions under which life on Earth may have begun * Primordial nuclide, nuclides, a few radioactive, that form ...

radioisotope A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is a nuclide that has excess numbers of either neutrons or protons, giving it excess nuclear energy, and making it unstable. This excess energy can be used in one of three ...

, also some is radiogenic from the extinct nuclide ²³⁷Np , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 126 , 208.9803986(15) , 2.01(8)×10¹⁹ y
Formerly believed to be the heaviest stable nuclide , α , ²⁰⁵Tl , 9/2− , 1.0000 , -id=Bismuth-210 , rowspan=2, ²¹⁰Bi , rowspan=2, Radium E , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 127 , rowspan=2, 209.9841202(15) , rowspan=2, 5.012(5) d , β⁻ , ²¹⁰Po , rowspan=2, 1− , rowspan=2, TraceIntermediate decay product of ²³⁸U , - , α (1.32×10⁻⁴%) , ²⁰⁶Tl , -id=Bismuth-210m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^210mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 271.31(11) keV , 3.04(6)×10⁶ y , α , ²⁰⁶Tl , 9− , , -id=Bismuth-211 , rowspan=2, ²¹¹Bi , rowspan=2, Actinium C , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 128 , rowspan=2, 210.987269(6) , rowspan=2, 2.14(2) min , α (99.72%) , ²⁰⁷Tl , rowspan=2, 9/2− , rowspan=2, TraceIntermediate decay product of ²³⁵U , - , β⁻ (0.276%) , ²¹¹Po , -id=Bismuth-211m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^211mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1257(10) keV , 1.4(3) μs , IT , ²¹¹Bi , (25/2−) , , -id=Bismuth-212 , rowspan=3, ²¹²Bi , rowspan=3, Thorium C , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 129 , rowspan=3, 211.991285(2) , rowspan=3, 60.55(6) min , β⁻ (64.05%) , ²¹²Po , rowspan=3, 1− , rowspan=3, TraceIntermediate decay product of ²³²Th , - , α (35.94%) , ²⁰⁸Tl , - , β⁻, α (0.014%) , ²⁰⁸Pb , -id=Bismuth-212m1 , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^212m1Bi , rowspan=3, , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 250(30) keV , rowspan=3, 25.0(2) min , α (67%) , ²⁰⁸Tl , rowspan=3, (8−, 9−) , rowspan=3, , - , β⁻, α (30%) , ²⁰⁸Pb , - , β⁻ (3%) , ²¹²Po , -id=Bismuth-212m2 , style="text-indent:1em" , ^212m2Bi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1479(30) keV , 7.0(3) min , β⁻ , ²¹²Po , (18−) , , - , rowspan=2, ²¹³Bi
Used in

medicine Medicine is the science and Praxis (process), practice of caring for patients, managing the Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis, Preventive medicine, prevention, therapy, treatment, Palliative care, palliation of their injury or disease, ...

such as for cancer treatment.A byproduct of thorium reactors via ²³³U. , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 130 , rowspan=2, 212.994384(5) , rowspan=2, 45.60(4) min , β⁻ (97.91%) , ²¹³Po , rowspan=2, 9/2− , rowspan=2, TraceIntermediate decay product of ²³⁷Np , - , α (2.09%) , ²⁰⁹Tl , -id=Bismuth-213m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^213mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1353(21) keV , >168 s , , , 25/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-214 , rowspan=3, ²¹⁴Bi , rowspan=3, Radium C , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 83 , rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" , 131 , rowspan=3, 213.998711(12) , rowspan=3, 19.9(4) min , β⁻ (99.98%) , ²¹⁴Po , rowspan=3, 1− , rowspan=3, Trace , - , α (0.021%) , ²¹⁰Tl , - , β⁻, α (0.003%) , ²¹⁰Pb , -id=Bismuth-214m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^214mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 539(30) keV , >93 s , , , 8−# , , -id=Bismuth-215 , ²¹⁵Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 132 , 215.001749(6) , 7.62(13) min , β⁻ , ²¹⁵Po , (9/2−) , Trace , -id=Bismuth-215m , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^215mBi , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1367(20)# keV , rowspan=2, 36.9(6) s , IT (76.9%) , ²¹⁵Bi , rowspan=2, (25/2−) , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻ (23.1%) , ²¹⁵Po , -id=Bismuth-216 , ²¹⁶Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 133 , 216.006306(12) , 2.21(4) min , β⁻ , ²¹⁶Po , (6−, 7−) , , -id=Bismuth-216m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^216mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 24(19) keV , 6.6(21) min , β⁻ , ²¹⁶Po , 3−# , , -id=Bismuth-217 , ²¹⁷Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 134 , 217.009372(19) , 98.5(13) s , β⁻ , ²¹⁷Po , 9/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-217m , style="text-indent:1em" , ^217mBi , , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1491(20) keV , 3.0(2) μs , IT , ²¹⁷Bi , 25/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-218 , ²¹⁸Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 135 , 218.014188(29) , 33(1) s , β⁻ , ²¹⁸Po , 8−# , , -id=Bismuth-219 , ²¹⁹Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 136 , 219.01752(22)# , 8.7(29) s , β⁻ , ²¹⁹Po , 9/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-220 , ²²⁰Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 137 , 220.02250(32)# , 9.5(57) s , β⁻ , ²²⁰Po , 1−# , , -id=Bismuth-221 , ²²¹Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 138 , 221.02598(32)# , 2# s
300 ns, , , 9/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-222 , ²²²Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 139 , 222.03108(32)# , 3# s
300 ns, , , 1−# , , -id=Bismuth-223 , ²²³Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 140 , 223.03461(43)# , 1# s
300 ns, , , 9/2−# , , -id=Bismuth-224 , ²²⁴Bi , , style="text-align:right" , 83 , style="text-align:right" , 141 , 224.03980(43)# , 1# s
300 ns, , , 1−# ,

Bismuth-213

Bismuth-213 (²¹³Bi) has a half-life of 45 minutes and decays via

alpha emission Alpha decay or α-decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus). The parent nucleus transforms or "decays" into a daughter product, with a mass number that is reduced by four and an atom ...

. Commercially, bismuth-213 can be produced by bombarding

radium Radium is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol Ra and atomic number 88. It is the sixth element in alkaline earth metal, group 2 of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals. Pure radium is silvery-white, ...

with

bremsstrahlung In particle physics, bremsstrahlung (; ; ) is electromagnetic radiation produced by the deceleration of a charged particle when deflected by another charged particle, typically an electron by an atomic nucleus. The moving particle loses kinetic ...

photons from a

linear particle accelerator A linear particle accelerator (often shortened to linac) is a type of particle accelerator that accelerates charged subatomic particles or ions to a high speed by subjecting them to a series of Oscillation, oscillating electric potentials along ...

, which populates its progenitor

actinium-225 Actinium-225 (225Ac, Ac-225) is an isotope of actinium. It undergoes alpha decay to francium-221 with a half-life of 10 days, and is an intermediate decay product in the neptunium series (the decay chain starting at neptunium-237, 237Np). Exc ...

. In 1997, an antibody conjugate with ²¹³Bi was used to treat patients with leukemia. This isotope has also been tried in

targeted alpha therapy Targeted alpha-particle therapy (or TAT) is an in-development method of targeted radionuclide therapy of various cancers. It employs radioactive substances which undergo alpha decay to treat diseased tissue at close proximity. It has the potential t ...

(TAT) program to treat a variety of cancers. Bismuth-213 is also found in the decay chain of

uranium-233 Uranium-233 ( or U-233) is a fissile isotope of uranium that is bred from thorium-232 as part of the thorium fuel cycle. Uranium-233 was investigated for use in nuclear weapons and as a Nuclear fuel, reactor fuel. It has been used successfully ...

, which is the fuel bred by

thorium reactor The thorium fuel cycle is a nuclear fuel cycle that uses an isotope of thorium, , as the fertile material. In the reactor, is transmuted into the fissile artificial uranium isotope which is the nuclear fuel. Unlike natural uranium, natural tho ...

References

* Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from: ** ** * Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. ** ** ** {{Authority control Bismuth

List of isotopes

Bismuth-213

See also

References