Bhaskar Raghunath Bakhale (17 October 1869 – 8 April 1922) (also known as Bhaskarrao or Bhaskarbua or Bhaskarbuwa) was a

Hindustani classical Hindustani classical music is the classical music of the Indian subcontinent's northern regions. It may also be called North Indian classical music or ''Uttar Bhartiya shastriya sangeet''. The term ''shastriya sangeet'' literally means classica ...

vocalist Singing is the art of creating music with the voice. It is the oldest form of musical expression, and the human voice can be considered the first musical instrument. The definition of singing varies across sources. Some sources define singi ...

, a composer, and a teacher.V.H. Deshpande. Between Two Tanpuras. Popular Publication, 1989. B.R. Deodhar. Pillars of Hindustani Music. Popular Publication, 1995.

Education

Bhaskar Bakhale was born in a

Karhade Brahmin Karhaḍe Brahmins (also spelled as Karada Brahmins or Karad Brahmins) are a Hindu Brahmin sub-caste mainly from the Indian state of Maharashtra, but are also distributed in states of Goa, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh. Based on Veda and Ved ...

family in

Kathor Kathor is an area located in Surat, India. See also *List of tourist attractions in Surat Surat is a city of the western Indian state of Gujarat, the eighth largest city and ninth largest urban agglomeration in India. Surat is the 2n ...

, a village in

Gujarat Gujarat () is a States of India, state along the Western India, western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the List of states and union territories ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

. His early training was in

dhrupad Dhrupad is a genre in Hindustani classical music from the Indian subcontinent. It is the oldest known style of major vocal styles associated with Hindustani classical music (for example in the Haveli Sangeet of Pushtimarg Sampradaya), and is als ...

and

kirtan Sikh ''kirta''n with Indian harmoniums and '' Kenya.html" ;"title="tabla'' drums (a common and popular pairing), in Kenya">tabla'' drums (a common and popular pairing), in Kenya (1960s) ''Kirtana'' (; ), also rendered as ''Kiirtan'', ''Kirt ...

from Vishnubuwa Pingale in

Vadodara Vadodara (), also known as Baroda, is a city situated on the banks of the Vishwamitri River in the Indian state of Gujarat. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Vadodara district. The city is named for its abundance of banyan ...

. The royal family of Vadodara arranged for musical lessons in the school run by its court musician Maula Baksha.Bonnie C. Wade. Khyal: Creativity Within North India's Classicial Music Tradition. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, U.K., 1984. He then became a child artist at Kirloskar Natak Mandali, a

musical theatre Musical theatre is a form of theatre, theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dance. The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through words, music, ...

troupe of

Annasaheb Kirloskar Balwant Pandurang Kirloskar (31 March 1843 − 2 November 1885), popularly known as Annasaheb Kirloskar, was a Marathi playwright from the Bombay Presidency in British India. Kirloskar was born on March 31, 1843, at Gurlhosur in Belgaum distric ...

where he had the ganda-bandhan ceremony with Bande Ali Khan, a

Rudra Veena The ''rudra veena'' () (also spelled ''rudraveena'' or ''rudra vīnā'') — also called the ''bīn'' in North India — is a large plucked string instrument used in Hindustani music, especially dhrupad. It is one of the major types of '' vee ...

performer from Kirana employed by the court of

Indore Indore (; ISO 15919, ISO: , ) is the largest and most populous Cities in India, city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The commercial capital of the state, it has been declared as the List of cleanest cities in India, cleanest city of In ...

. Faiz Mohammed Khan of Gwalior gharana taught him in

1886–1897 and then recommended further training from Natthan Khan of

Agra gharana The Agra gharana is a tradition of Hindustani classical vocal music descended from the Nauhar Bani. So far, Nauhar Bani has been traced back to around 1300 AD, during the reign of Emperor Allauddin Khilji of Delhi. The first known musician o ...

, a court musician at

Jaipur Jaipur (; , ) is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and the List of cities and towns in Rajasthan, largest city of the north-western States and union territories of India, Indian state of Rajasthan. , the city had ...

and

Mysore Mysore ( ), officially Mysuru (), is a city in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of Mysore district and Mysore division. As the traditional seat of the Wadiyar dynasty, the city functioned as the capital of the ...

, and the father of

Vilayat Hussain Khan Ustad Vilayat Hussain Khan (1895–1962) was an Indian classical singer and teacher belonging to the Agra gharana (singing style). Vilayat composed bandishes in many ragas under the pen name "Pran Piya".Dharwad Dharwad (), also known as Dharwar, is a city located in the northwestern part of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of the Dharwad district of Karnataka and forms a contiguous urban area with the city of Hubballi. It was merged ...

till the demise of Natthan Khan in 1901. In 1899, Natthan Khan recommended further training from

Alladiya Khan Alladiya Khan (10 August 1855 – 16 March 1946) was an Indian Hindustani classical singer who founded the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana, also referred as just Jaipur Gharana. He is recognized for his revival, reinterpretation, and creations of many ra ...

, the founder of

Jaipur-Atrauli gharana The Jaipur-Atrauli Gharana (also known as Jaipur Gharana, Atrauli-Jaipur Gharana, and Alladiyakhani Gayaki) is a Hindustani music apprenticeship fraternity ('' gharana''), founded by Alladiya Khan in the late-19th century. Evolved from the dhr ...

and a court musician of

Kolhapur Kolhapur () is a city on the banks of the Panchganga River in the southern part of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Kolhapur is one of the most significant cities in South Maharashtra and has been a hub of historical, religious, and cultural a ...

. Starting in 1901, Bakhale learnt from Alladiya Khan, his brother Haider Khan, and his nephew Natthan Khan. His apprenticeship with Alladiya Khan continued interrupted until Bakhale's own death in 1922.N. M. Kelkar. The Life of Pt. Bhaskarbuwa Bakhale. Popular Publication, Mumbai, 1959. Overcome with Bakhale's memories, Alladiya Khan broke down and abruptly ended his 1922

Mumbai Mumbai ( ; ), also known as Bombay ( ; its official name until 1995), is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Mumbai is the financial capital and the most populous city proper of India with an estimated population of 12 ...

recital at the residence of Seth Vitthaldas; the recital was to celebrate the birthday of Seth Vitthaldas and was attended by

Shahu Maharaj Shahu (also known as Chhatrapati Rajarshi Shahu, Shahu IV, Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj) (26 June 1874 – 6 May 1922) of the Bhonsle dynasty of Marathas was a Raja (reign. 1894 – 1900) and the first Maharaja (1900–1922) of the Indian prince ...

, the king of

Miraj Miraj (Pronunciation: iɾəd͡z ) is a city that is part of the Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad metropolitan region in Sangli district, Maharashtra. Founded in the early 10th century, Miraj was an important jagir of the Bijapur Sultanate. Chhatrapa ...

, the king of

Dewas Dewas is a city in the Malwa region of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The municipality was formerly the seat of two 15-Gun Salute state princely states during the British Raj, Dewas Junior state and Dewas Senior state, ruled by the Pa ...

, and other dignitaries. N.N. Shukla. Alladiya Khan: As I Knew Him. Journal of the Indian Musicological Society, ii/3 (1971), 14–25. Dilip Chandra Vedi has noted that, like

Abdul Karim Khan Ustad Abdul Karim Khan (Devanagari: उस्ताद अब्दुल करीम ख़ान, Persian: ) (11 November 1872 – 27 October 1937)Gwalior Gharana.

Career

During 1883–1885, Bakhale performed as a child artist in the stage plays of Kirloskar Natak Mandali where Bhaurao Kolhatkar, Moroba Wagholikar, and Balakoba Natekar earned much fame as singers of folksy and light classical stage songs. After completing his training in classical music, Bakhale returned as a classical vocalist in 1899 or so. During 1897–1901, he served as a professor of music at a training college in

Dharwad Dharwad (), also known as Dharwar, is a city located in the northwestern part of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of the Dharwad district of Karnataka and forms a contiguous urban area with the city of Hubballi. It was merged ...

. Starting in 1901, he was based in

and

Pune Pune ( ; , ISO 15919, ISO: ), previously spelled in English as Poona (List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1978), is a city in the state of Maharashtra in the Deccan Plateau, Deccan plateau in Western ...

but performed throughout

and

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

. He was given the honorary title "Deva Gandharva" (God Among Celestial Musicians).Shaila Datar. Devagandharva. Rajahansa Prakashana, Nasik, 1991. His notebook lists

s and dhamars learnt by him but he rarely performed those in public. His typical recital comprised

khyal Khyal or Khayal (ख़याल / خیال) is a major form of Hindustani classical music in the Indian subcontinent. Its name comes from a Persian language, Persian/Arabic language, Arabic word meaning "imagination". Khyal is associated with rom ...

raga A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...

s and an assortment of

dadra Dadra is associated with the Hindustani classical music of the Indian subcontinent. Dadra tala This is a Hindustani classical '' tala'' (rhythmic cycle), consisting of six beats in two equal divisions of three. The most commonly accepted theka ...

tappa Tappa is a form of Indian semi-classical vocal music. Its specialty is a rolling pace based on fast, subtle and knotty construction. Its tunes are melodious and sweet, and depict the emotional outbursts of a lover. Tappe (plural) were sung mostly ...

thumri Thumri () is a vocal genre or style of Indian music. The term "thumri" is derived from the Hindi verb ''thumuknaa'', which means "to walk with a dancing gait in such a way that the ankle-bells tinkle." The form is, thus, connected with dance, dram ...

bhajan Bhajan is an Indian term for any devotional song with a religious theme or spiritual ideas, specifically among Dharmic religions, in any language. The term bhajanam (Sanskrit: भजनम्) means ''reverence'' and originates from the root w ...

, songs from Marathi stage plays, and traditional Marathi light classical forms. He also had a successful career as the music director of Kirloskar Natak Mandali and, afterwards, of Gandharva Natak Mandali.H.V. Mote. Vishrabdha Sharada: Volumes 1–4. H.V. Mote Publication, Mumbai, 1972.

Govindrao Tembe Govind Sadashiv Tembe, popularly known as Govindrao Tembe (5 June 1881 – 9 October 1955), was a harmonium player, stage actor, and music composer. Early life and background He grew up in Kolhapur and became attached to music early in life. He ...

benefited from Bakhale's advisement in composing music for the stage play Sangeet Manapman (1911).Govind Tembe. Maza Sangeet Vyasanga (My Pursuit of Music). 1939. Bakhale then composed music for new

Marathi Marathi may refer to: *Marathi people, an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group of Maharashtra, India **Marathi people (Uttar Pradesh), the Marathi people in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh *Marathi language, the Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Mar ...

stage plays such as Sangeet Vidyaharan (1913), Sangeet Swayamwar (1916), and Sangeet

Draupadi Draupadi (), also referred to as Krishnā, Panchali and Yajnaseni, is the central heroine of the Indian epic poetry, ancient Indian epic ''Mahabharata''. In the epic, she is the princess of Panchala Kingdom, who later becomes the empress of K ...

(1920) by adopting compositions from classical Hindustani music. These compositions continue to be performed on stage and in

recitals. Several musicians, including

Kumar Gandharva Pandit Kumar Gandharva (pronunciation: umaːɾ ɡən̪d̪ʱəɾʋə Kn: ಕುಮಾರ್ ಗಂಧರ್ವ; 8 April 1924 – 12 January 1992), originally known as Shivaputra Siddharamayya Komkalimath was an Indian classical singer, well kn ...

Vasantrao Deshpande Vasantrao Deshpande (2 May 1920 – 30 July 1983) was a Hindustani classical vocalist renowned for his contribution to Natya Sangeet (musical dramas). Early life Vasantrao Deshpande was born into a Deshastha Brahmin family in Murtizapur, A ...

, and

Anand Bhate Anand Bhate (born 29 April 1971) is an Indian classical vocalist from the Kirana gharana. He is popular for his classical singing of songs from the Marathi film '' Balgandharva'' (2011). Early life and training Anand was born in Pune, India i ...

, have released recordings presenting their interpretations of

Bal Gandharva Narayan Shripad Rajhans, popularly known as Bal Gandharva, (26 June 1888 – 15 July 1967) was a famous Marathi singer and stage actor. He was known for his roles as female characters in Marathi plays, since women were not allowed to act on s ...

's renditions of these compositions. Bakhale taught and mentored Bal Gandharva from 1906 until his own death, and also brought

Ahmed Jan Thirakwa Ustad Ahmed Jan Khan "Thirakwa" (1892 – 13 January 1976) was an Indian tabla player, commonly considered the pre-eminent soloist among tabla players of the 20th century, and among the most influential percussionists in the history of Indian ...

to Gandharva Natak Mandali as its

tabla A ''tabla'' is a pair of hand drums from the Indian subcontinent. Since the 18th century, it has been the principal percussion instrument in Hindustani classical music, where it may be played solo, as an accompaniment with other instruments a ...

maestro. In 1911, Bakhale started Bharat Gayan Samaj, an institute to teach music in Pune; the institute had its centenary in 2011.

Disciples

Disciples to receive Bakhale's full formal training were

, Tarabai Shirodkar, Dattatray Bagalkotkar (Dattoba), Bapurao Ketkar, and Master

Krishnarao Phulambrikar Krishnaji Ganesh Phulambrikar (1898–1974), popularly known as Master Krishnarao, was a musical genius - an Indian vocalist, classical musician and composer of Hindustani music. He was credited with the creation of three Hindustani ragas and sev ...

; among these, Bal Gandharva received training specifically for stage songs (semi/light classical) only and not for classical vocal. He also taught others including Dattatreya Bagalkotkar, Narahar Patankar, Gundopant Walawalkar, Ganapat Purohit, Harishchandra Bali, Bhai Lal Amritsari, and Dilip Chandra Vedi. He also taught Ganesh Ramachandra Behare, a disciple of Abdul Karim Khan, for one year. Govindrao Tembe, who was his close associate starting 1901, had no interest in career as a vocalist and, instead, adopted Bakhale's teachings for

pump organ The pump organ or reed organ is a type of organ that uses free reed aerophone, free reeds to generate sound, with air passing over vibrating thin metal strips mounted in a frame. Types include the pressure-based harmonium, the suction reed organ ...

harmonium The pump organ or reed organ is a type of organ that uses free reeds to generate sound, with air passing over vibrating thin metal strips mounted in a frame. Types include the pressure-based harmonium, the suction reed organ (which employs a va ...

playing. Bakhale taught

Kesarbai Kerkar Kesarbai Kerkar (13 July 1892 – 16 September 1977) was an Indian classical vocalist of the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana. A protege of Ustad Alladiya Khan (1855–1946), the founder of the gharana, from age sixteen, she went on to become one of t ...

for 10 months ( learn only one raag ' sindhura ' in " bharat gayan samaj ") in 1914 and occasionally assisted

in teaching her after she became Alladiya Khan's student in 1921. He also taught

Vilayat Hussain Khan Ustad Vilayat Hussain Khan (1895–1962) was an Indian classical singer and teacher belonging to the Agra gharana (singing style). Vilayat composed bandishes in many ragas under the pen name "Pran Piya".All India Radio All India Radio (AIR), also known as Akashvani (), is India's state-owned public broadcasting, public radio broadcaster. Founded in 1936, it operates under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Ministry of Information and Broa ...

. Bal Gandharva, Master Krishnarao, Vilayat Hussain Khan, and Kesarbai Kerkar had long careers as musicians and eventually became recipients of

Padma Bhushan The Padma Bhushan (IAST: ''Padma Bhūṣaṇa'', lit. 'Lotus Decoration') is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri. Instituted on 2 Januar ...

and

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (IAST: Saṅgīta Nāṭaka Akādamī Puraskāra), also known as the Akademi Puraskar, is an award given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama. It is the highest Indian recogni ...

instituted by the

Government of India The Government of India (ISO 15919, ISO: Bhārata Sarakāra, legally the Union Government or Union of India or the Central Government) is the national authority of the Republic of India, located in South Asia, consisting of States and union t ...

. Around 1920, Tarabai, held in high regards by many including Kesarbai Kerkar, renounced singing and retired to private life at a young age of 30; starting 1946, she made a few live recordings for

All India Radio All India Radio (AIR), also known as Akashvani (), is India's state-owned public broadcasting, public radio broadcaster. Founded in 1936, it operates under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Ministry of Information and Broa ...

before passing away in 1949. Dilip Chandra Vedi became a disciple of

Faiyaz Khan Ustad Faiyaz Khan (8 February 1886 5 November 1950) was an Indian classical vocalist, an exponent of the Agra gharana of Hindustani classical music. Also Known as Aftab-E-Mausiqi meaning the Sun or sunshine of music. According to SwarGanga ...

after Bakhale's death and had a long career as a vocalist and as an instructor of music at Bharatiya Kala Kendra,

New Delhi New Delhi (; ) is the Capital city, capital of India and a part of the Delhi, National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the Government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Parliament ...

.Wim Van Der Meer. Hindustani Music in the 20th Century. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers (through Kluwer Academic Publishers Group), The Hague, Netherlands, 1980. Pt Ram Marathe was the famous disciple of Master Krishnarao Phulambrikar. Master Krishnarao Phulambrikar not only taught Pt.Ram Marathe his own classical music compositions but also taught him the traditional classical music compositions which he learnt from Pt. Bhaskarbuwa Bakhale.

Legacy

Bakhale was one of the first vocalists to receive traditional training from multiple

gharana In Hindustani music (North Indian classical music), a ''gharānā'' is a system of social organisation in the Indian subcontinent, linking musicians or dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and more importantly by adherence to a particular musi ...

systems. Since the start of the 17th century, Hindustani classical music had become a stronghold of

Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

musicians and

Balakrishnabuwa Ichalkaranjikar Balakrishnabuwa Ichalkaranjikar (1849–1926) was an Indian vocalist of the Khyal genre of Hindustani classical music. He learned the Gwalior gharana (singing style) and brought it to Maharashtra. Life Balakrishnabuwa Ichalkaranjikar was born ...

(1840–1926) was one of the few

Hindu Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...

vocalists to earn fame at it in the 19th century. He toured and taught extensively in the states of

Maharashtra Maharashtra () is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. It is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and Goa to the south, Telangana to th ...

, and

Karnataka Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...

. The next generation of Hindu musicians from these states included Bakhale,

Vishnu Digambar Paluskar Pandit Vishnu Digambar Paluskar (18 August 1872 – 21 August 1931) was a Hindustani musician. He sang the original version of the bhajan Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram, and founded the Gandharva Mahavidyalaya on 5 May 1901. He is also credited wit ...

, Ramakrishna Vaze, and

Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande (10 August 1860 – 19 September 1936) was an Indian musicologist who wrote the first modern treatise on Hindustani classical music, an art which had been propagated for centuries mostly through oral traditions. ...

who did much to liberate the teaching and dissemination of classical music and to create an honorable social status for professional musicians. Unlike Paluskar and Bhatkhande, Bakhale introduced no radical reforms in the teaching methodology or in organizational aspects of this movement. However, his personal concerts, rapport with other musicians, and compositions for stage plays – rendered popular by Bal Gandharva, Keshav Bhosale,

Dinanath Mangeshkar Deenanath Mangeshkar (; 29 December 1900 – 24 April 1942) was an Indian actor, Natya Sangeet musician and, Hindustani classical vocalist who was active in Marathi theatre. He is the father of well-known singers Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosle, ...

, and others – was a major factor in cultivating a taste for classical and semi-classical music in Marathi speaking population of India. B. R. Deodhar has observed that this contribution is one of the reasons why western India developed and remained as a major force in classical Indian music starting the turn of the 19th century. Bakhale was universally regarded an ideal and perfectly balanced vocalist.Vilayat Hussain Khan. Sangeetagyon ke Sansamaran (Memories of Learned Musicians). Sangeet Natak Academy, New Delhi, 1959.V.C. Moudgalya. Bhaskar Rao Bakhale. Indian Music Journal, pp. 46–49, 1971. Bakhale has left no recorded legacy.Tapasi Ghosh. Pran Piya Ustad Vilayat Hussain Khan: His Life and Contribution to the World. Atlantic Publishers, New Delhi, 2008.

Gramophone Company The Gramophone Company Limited was a British phonograph manufacturer and record label, founded in April 1898 by Emil Berliner. It was one of the earliest record labels. The company purchased the His Master's Voice painting and trademark righ ...

had unsuccessfully arranged for two sets of his recordings in 1911. No trace of his style or musical approach exists today apart from what can be discerned from his semi-classical compositions for stage plays.P.L. Deshpande. Guna Gaeen Awadee. Mouj Publications, Pune. 1972. His manuscript on all Hindustani classical compositions learnt by him, including the full repertoire of Faiz Mohammed Khan of Gwalior gharana, was in preparation at the time of his death. Shaila Datar, a musician married to his grandson Sudhir, has since completed this project and has released the book. After Bakhale's death in 1922, his disciple Master Krishnarao became the director of Bharat Gayan Samaj and wrote seven volumes of Raagsangrahmala as curriculum of its music course. Bharat Gayan Samaj, set up by Bakhale in

, organizes musical recitals in his memory and observes his anniversaries. Kalyan Gayan Samaj, set up in

Kalyan Kalyan (Pronunciation: əljaːɳ is a city on the banks of Ulhas River in Thane district of Maharashtra state in Konkan division. It is governed by Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation. Kalyan is a subdivision (Taluka) of Thane district ...

in 1926 as a homage to Bakhale, is active in music circles and organizes a conference titled "Deva Gandharva Mahotsav" annually. Pracheen Kala Kendra in

Chandigarh Chandigarh is a city and union territory in northern India, serving as the shared capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana. Situated near the foothills of the Shivalik range of Himalayas, it borders Haryana to the east and Punjab in the ...

holds a conference titled "All India Bhaskar Rao Nritya and Sangeet Sammelan" annually.

Pune University Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), formerly the University of Pune, is a public state university located in the city of Pune, India. It was established in 1949, and is spread over a campus in the neighbourhood of Ganeshkhind. The uni ...

annually confers a Pt. Bhaskarbuwa Bakhale Award on the student standing first in its

Bachelor of Arts A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts deg ...

program in the

music Music is the arrangement of sound to create some combination of Musical form, form, harmony, melody, rhythm, or otherwise Musical expression, expressive content. Music is generally agreed to be a cultural universal that is present in all hum ...

discipline.

Mumbai University University of Mumbai is a public state university in Mumbai. It is one of the largest university systems in the world with over 549,000 students on its campuses and affiliated colleges. , the university had 711 affiliated colleges. It was est ...

annually confers a similar award on the student standing first in its

Master of Arts A Master of Arts ( or ''Artium Magister''; abbreviated MA or AM) is the holder of a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is usually contrasted with that of Master of Science. Those admitted to the degree have ...

program in the music discipline.

References

External links

* http://audiofarm.org/audiofiles/6497 (audio files of Bal Gandharva, Kesarbai Kerkar, and Master Krishnarao Phulambrikar) * http://web.me.com/wvdm/Meersahebs_noblog_on_music/Articles/Entries/2007/11/13_Dilip_Chandra_Vedi.html (audio files of Dilip Chandra Vedi) * https://web.archive.org/web/20120327155040/http://www.sawf.org/library/?d=page&parent=57&pid=sp181 (more audio files of Dilip Chandra Vedi) * http://www.parrikar.org/raga-central/bhairavi-page2/ (audio file of Govindrao Tembe playing Bhairavi on harmonium) * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5TOvh6Ec2H0 (video file of the musical Sangeet Swayamvar) * http://courses.nus.edu.sg/course/ellpatke/Miscellany/bal%20gandharva.htm (list of Bal Gandharva's recordings) * http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/mausam/bakhle.html (V.H. Deshpande's article on Bakhale) * https://web.archive.org/web/20110902080851/http://www.pracheenkalakendra.org/activities_bhaskar.php * http://www.punebharatgayansamaj.org/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20120326110519/http://www.kalyangayansamaj.org/dmaboutus_eng.html * http://www.bookganga.com/eBooks/Book/4951430475352089766.htm * http://shailasudhirdatar.com/profile.html * https://web.archive.org/web/20111003090713/http://ulhaskashalkar.tripod.com/krishnar.htm * http://www.parrikar.org/vpl/profiles/tembe_profile.pdf (V.H. Deshpande's obituary of Govindrao Tembe) {{DEFAULTSORT:Bakhale, Bhaskar Raghunath 1922 deaths 1869 births People from Surat Hindustani singers Indian music educators 20th-century Indian male classical singers 19th-century Indian male classical singers Jaipur gharana 20th-century Khyal singers Singers from British India