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Belshina (, ) is a tyre manufacturer in
Belarus Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Belarus spans an a ...
. The name is an abbreviation for "Belaruskaya shina", or "Belarusian Tyre". The Belarusian tyre works is located in the Belarusian industrial city
Babruysk Babruysk (, ) or Bobruysk (, ; , ) is a city in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Babruysk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. It is situated on the Berezina, Berezina River. Bab ...
. Belshina produces over 180 tyre sizes for
cars A car, or an automobile, is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of cars state that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than cargo. There are around one billio ...
,
truck A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport freight, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame construct ...
s, mining trucks,
road construction A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved. The ...
machinery,
electrical vehicle Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwel ...
s,
tractor A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a Trailer (vehicle), trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or constructio ...
s and
agricultural machinery Agricultural machinery relates to the machine (mechanical), mechanical structures and devices used in farming or other agriculture. There are list of agricultural machinery, many types of such equipment, from hand tools and power tools to tractor ...
. Over 90 per cent of tyres are
radial Radial is a geometric term of location which may refer to: Mathematics and Direction * Vector (geometric), a line * Radius, adjective form of * Radial distance (geometry), a directional coordinate in a polar coordinate system * Radial set * A ...
. All types of products (
pneumatic tyre A tire (North American English) or tyre (Commonwealth English) is a ring-shaped component that surrounds a wheel's rim to transfer a vehicle's load from the axle through the wheel to the ground and to provide traction on the surface over w ...
s) are protected by patents by two parameters: design and appearance. Belshina cooperate with partners from 36 countries. Belshina is a main sponsor of
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...
team Belshina Bobruisk which plays in
Belarusian Premier League The Belarusian Premier League (, ''Vyšejšaja Liha'' or ''Vysheyshaya Liga''; ; "Top League"), also called the BETERA Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Belarus and the highest level of the B ...
.


History

The construction of the Belarusian Tyre Works "Belshina" in Bobruisk was sanctioned by Decree of the
Council of Ministers of the USSR The Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( rus, Совет министров СССР, r=Sovet Ministrov SSSR, p=sɐˈvʲet mʲɪˈnʲistrəf ˌɛsˌɛsˌɛsˈɛr), sometimes abbreviated as Sovmin or referred to as the ...
#299 dated March 25, 1963 "''On steps aimed at better utilization of workforce of the
Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, Byelorussian SSR or Byelorussia; ; ), also known as Soviet Belarus or simply Belarus, was a republic of the Soviet Union (USSR). It existed between 1920 and 1922 as an independent state, and ...
''" and by resolution No. 90-p dated June 11, 1965, by
Supreme Soviet The Supreme Soviet () was the common name for the legislative bodies (parliaments) of the Soviet socialist republics (SSR) in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). These soviets were modeled after the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, establ ...
. On December 31, 1971, the research facility of the mechanical services unit produced the first Belarusian tyre for
BelAZ BelAZ (, ) is a Belarus, Belarusian automobile plant and one of the world's largest manufacturers of large and especially large dump trucks, as well as other heavy transport equipment for the mining and construction industries. ''BelAZ'' is a ...
mining truck of 27-ton lifting capacity. On December 31, 1972, the farm tyre plant was put into service. Truck and car tyre plant began to roll out tyres on September 30, 1976. On January 31, 1985, a fourth plant joined Belshina family, it was the earthmover tyre plant. In May 1992 the State Committee on Industry of the Republic of Belarus issued a decree transforming the Belshina Production Amalgamation into Belarus Tyre Works Belshina. On September 26, 2002, the Executive Committee of Mogilev Province adopted resolution No.18-13 on registering an
open joint stock company A public joint-stock company, abbreviated PJSC (, abbreviated ) or open joint-stock company, abbreviated OJSC (, abbreviated ), is a type of company in many successor states of the Soviet Union, particularly in Russia. Its distinguishing featur ...
Belshina (Certificate of Registration No.700016217 of 2003-09-27). On April 13, 2011, Belshina Radial for bus and truck got Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI) - Indonesia National Standard which
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
is not produce the items. Significant events of recent years: * 2010. The 100 millionth tyre for
passenger cars A car, or an automobile, is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of cars state that they run primarily on roads, Car seat, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport private transport#Personal transport, peopl ...
was assembled and vulcanized. * 2013. The development and production of new tyre lines Artmotion (tyes for passenger cars), Escortera (tyres for
trucks A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport freight, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame construction ...
and
buses A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a motor vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van, but fewer than the average rail transport. It is most commonly used ...
), Bravado (tyres for
light trucks Light truck or light-duty truck is a US classification for vehicles with a gross vehicle weight up to and a payload capacity up to . Similar goods vehicle classes in the European Union, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand are termed light ...
and
vans Vans (originally called the Van Doren Rubber Company) is an American apparel, accessories, and skateboarding shoes brand, established in Anaheim, California, and owned by VF Corporation. The company also sponsors surf, snowboarding, BMX, and ...
) has started. * 2014. Serial production of new tyres under the brands Artmotion Spike (studded tyres for passenger cars), Astarta (tyres for crossovers and
SUVs A sport utility vehicle (SUV) is a car classification that combines elements of road-going passenger cars with features from off-road vehicles, such as raised ground clearance and four-wheel drive. There is no commonly agreed-upon definitio ...
) and Forcerra (tyres for
dump trucks A dump truck, known also as a dumping truck, dump lorry or dumper lorry or a dumper for short, is used for transporting materials (such as dirt, gravel, or demolition waste) for construction as well as coal. A typical dump truck is equipped wi ...
) has begun. * 2014. The first Galero Agro tyres (tyres for
agricultural machinery Agricultural machinery relates to the machine (mechanical), mechanical structures and devices used in farming or other agriculture. There are list of agricultural machinery, many types of such equipment, from hand tools and power tools to tractor ...
) were vulcanized. * 2014. The first 18-inch passenger car tyres were manufactured. * 2015. The first tyres for the factory equipment of
Geely Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co., Ltd. (ZGH), commonly known as Geely Holding ( ; ), is a Chinese multinational automotive conglomerate headquartered in Hangzhou, China. The company was founded by, and is privately owned by Chinese entrepre ...
cars were developed (Bel-295 model, size 225/65 R17). * 2016. The first radial tubeless tyre of size 40.00R57 was released (model Bel-350). * 2017. The first Belarusian radial tubeless tyre 59/80R63 with a career tread pattern, model Bel-190, was introduced. This is the largest tyre that is produced in the world today. Its height is more than 4 m, the tread width is 1.47 m, and the weight is 5.7 tons. Only
Bridgestone is a Japanese multinational manufacturing company founded in 1931 by Shojiro Ishibashi (18891976) in the city of Kurume, Fukuoka Prefecture, Fukuoka, Japan. The name Bridgestone comes from a calque translation and transposition of (), meaning ...
,
Michelin Michelin ( , ), in full ("General Company of the Michelin Enterprises P.L.S."), is a French multinational tyre manufacturing company based in Clermont-Ferrand in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes '' région'' of France. It is the second largest t ...
, Titan Tire produced tyres of this size before Belshina. * 2018. An experimental batch of 59/80R63 super-large radial tyres was sent to Russia for testing in a quarry. The tyres were tested on a 450-ton BelAZ-75710 dump truck. * 2022. The first passenger tyres with a 19-inch rim were released (Astarta SUV Bel-340 model, size 255/55 R19).


Political scandals and international sanctions

In 2011, following the violent crackdown of opposition protests after the falsified
2010 Belarusian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Belarus on 19 December 2010. The elections had originally been planned for the beginning of 2011. However, the final date was set during an extraordinary session of the National Assembly on 14 September 2010. ...
, the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
has imposed sanctions against several Belarusian state-owned companies, including Belshina. U.S. citizens were prohibited from doing business with several companies of the Belneftekhim conglomerate: Naftan oil refinery, Grodno Azot fertilizer manufacturer, Grodno Khimvolokno fiber manufacturer and Belshina tire factory. The sanctions against Belshina and other Belneftekhim companies were temporarily suspended in 2015. In 2020, several hundreds workers of Belshina have joined mass nationwide protests against the authoritarian president
Alexander Lukashenko Alexander Grigoryevich Lukashenko (also transliterated as Alyaksandr Ryhoravich Lukashenka; born 30 August 1954) is a Belarusian politician who has been the first and only president of Belarus since the office's establishment in 1994, making hi ...
after a rigged presidential election. A strike with political demands was declared but never started as Belshina's management executed pressure on the company's workers. Several striking workers were fired. In April 2021, full-scale sanctions against Belshina were renewed following brutal political repressions against the opposition after another rigged presidential election that took place in August 2020 and was accompanied by mass protests across Belarus. On 9 August 2021, the US has added Belshina CEO Andrei Bunakov to the SDN list. On 2 December 2021, Belshina was added to the sanctions list of the European Union. Switzerland joined the EU sanctions on 20 December. In 2022, Japan and Ukraine also imposed sanctions on Belshina. In March 2024, the
General Court of the European Union The General Court, informally known as the European General Court (EGC), is a constituent court of the Court of Justice of the European Union. It hears actions taken against the institutions of the European Union by individuals and member stat ...
granted Belshina's annulment application from the EU sanctions list. According to the court, Belshina was loss-making by the time the EU sanctions were imposed, and thus not a “substantial source of income” for the Lukashenko regime, while the
European Council The European Council (informally EUCO) is a collegiate body (directorial system) and a symbolic collective head of state, that defines the overall political direction and general priorities of the European Union (EU). It is composed of the he ...
failed to show that dismissal of the Belshyna employees was for political reasons (officially, the participants of the strike were fired for being absent from work). In October 2024, the
Belarusian Investigative Center The Belarusian Investigative Center (BIC) is an independent media outlet from Belarus that operates in exile. The center offers five core types of content: investigative journalism, fact-checking, analytical reporting, news, and economic analysis. ...
stated that Belshina supplies products to Russian defense enterprises.


References


External links

*Belshina Company Homepage
belshina.netbelshina.bizBelshina Placement Homepage

BELSHINA in EU - www.otr-autowin.com
{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202150204/https://otr-autowin.com/ , date=2020-12-02
BELSHINA in Indonesia - www.belshindo.com
Tire manufacturers of Belarus Manufacturing companies established in 1963 Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union Belarusian brands Babruysk 1963 establishments in Belarus Belarusian entities subject to U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions