BRCA1 C Terminus (BRCT) domain is a
family of evolutionarily related proteins. It is named after the
C-terminal
The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, carboxy tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of an amino acid chain (protein or polypeptide), terminated by a free carboxyl group (-COOH). When t ...
domain of
BRCA1
Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRCA1'' () gene. Orthologs are common in other vertebrate species, whereas invertebrate genomes may encode a more distantly related gene. ''BRCA1'' is a ...
, a DNA-repair protein that serves as a marker of breast cancer susceptibility.
The BRCT domain is found predominantly in proteins involved in
cell cycle checkpoint functions responsive to
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of al ...
damage,
for example as found in the breast cancer DNA-repair protein
BRCA1
Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRCA1'' () gene. Orthologs are common in other vertebrate species, whereas invertebrate genomes may encode a more distantly related gene. ''BRCA1'' is a ...
. The domain is an approximately 100 amino acid
tandem repeat
In genetics, tandem repeats occur in DNA when a pattern of one or more nucleotides is repeated and the repetitions are directly adjacent to each other, e.g. ATTCG ATTCG ATTCG, in which the sequence ATTCG is repeated three times.
Several protein ...
, which appears to act as a phospho-protein binding domain.
Examples
Human proteins containing this domain include:
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BARD1;
BRCA1
Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRCA1'' () gene. Orthologs are common in other vertebrate species, whereas invertebrate genomes may encode a more distantly related gene. ''BRCA1'' is a ...
*
CTDP1;
TDT or DNTT
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ECT2
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LIG4
DNA ligase 4 also DNA ligase IV, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''LIG4'' gene.
Function
DNA ligase 4 is an ATP-dependent DNA ligase that joins double-strand breaks during the non-homologous end joining pathway of double-stran ...
*
MCPH1;
MDC1
Mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 is a 2080 amino acid long protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MDC1'' gene located on the short arm (p) of chromosome 6. MDC1 protein is a regulator of the Intra-S phase and the G2/M cell cycle ch ...
*
NBN
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PARP1;
PARP4;
PAXIP1;
PES1
*
REV1;
RFC1;
TOPBP1
DNA topoisomerase 2-binding protein 1 (TOPBP1) is a scaffold protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TOPBP1'' gene.
TOPBP1 was first identified as a protein binding partner of DNA TOP2B, topoisomerase-IIβ by a Two-hybrid screening, yeast 2- ...
;
TP53BP1;
XRCC1
References
External links
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Protein domains
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