Crown corporation () is the term used in Canada for organizations that are structured like private companies, but are directly and wholly owned by the government. Crown corporations have a long-standing presence in the country, and have a significant economic impact, with commercial operations equivalent to 7% of Canadian GDP. Crown corporations are created to advance government policy objectives. Often they provide services to the public that are not economically viable for a

private enterprise A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose Stock, shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in their respective listed markets. Instead, the Private equi ...

, or that do not fit exactly within the scope of any ministry. They represent a form of

state-owned enterprise A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a business entity created or owned by a national or local government, either through an executive order or legislation. SOEs aim to generate profit for the government, prevent private sector monopolies, provide goo ...

. Crown corporations are established by an act of parliament or an act of a provincial legislature. Federal government Crowns report to the relevant minister in Cabinet, though they are "shielded from constant government intervention and legislative oversight" and thus "generally enjoy greater freedom from direct political control than government departments." , there were 47 federal Crown corporations in Canada. Provinces operate their own Crown corporations independently of the federal government.

Definition

There is no common definition of a Crown corporation among Canadian governments. In its review of state-owned enterprise (SOE) governance in 54 countries, the

OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; , OCDE) is an international organization, intergovernmental organization with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and international trade, wor ...

notes that in Canada, federal government SOEs are referred to as "Crown corporations." The Canadian federal government defines its Crown corporations as corporations that (1) are wholly-owned by the government; (2) have enabling legislation which sets out the corporation's mandate, powers, and objectives; and (3) operate at arm's length from the government, but are ultimately accountable to the government. While the term "Crown corporation" is widely-used in Canada, the province of Ontario refers to its government-owned entities as "agencies".

Economic impact

Crown corporations have a considerable economic footprint, with annual commercial operations equivalent to 7% of Canadian GDP. In 2023, government business enterprises had revenues of $199 billion, of which $120 was generated at the provincial and territorial level, $43 at the federal level, and $36 billion at the local level. There were 47 federal Crown corporations in 2022. In 2025, Ontario had over 170 agencies, and British Columbia had 29 Crown corporations. There are hundreds of local government-owned enterprises that are sometimes referred to as Crown corporations. They provide local services such as electricity, potable and wastewater services, and public transit (ie, Metro Vancouver's public transit authority Translink).

Purpose

As long as Crown corporations have existed, there has been debate about their role and whether they should exist at all. Crown corporations are generally formed to fill a need that the government deems in the public or

national interest The national interest is a sovereign state's goals and ambitions – be they economic, military, cultural, or otherwise – taken to be the aim of its government. Etymology The Italian phrase ''ragione degli stati'' was first used by Giovanni de ...

, and that may not be profitable for private industry to provide. For example,

Air Canada Air Canada is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Canada, by size and passengers carried. Air Canada is headquartered in the borough of Saint-Laurent in the city of Montreal. The airline, founded in 1937, provides scheduled and cha ...

was created to be an active competitor in a market where competition and service was viewed as inadequate. Some Crown corporations are expected to be profitable organizations, while others are non-commercial and rely entirely on public funds to operate.

Structure

Ownership and accountability

In Canada, Crown corporations are directly owned by the government as the enterprise's sole legal

shareholder A shareholder (in the United States often referred to as stockholder) of corporate stock refers to an individual or legal entity (such as another corporation, a body politic, a trust or partnership) that is registered by the corporation as the ...

. (Governments in Canada are sometimes referred to as "

the Crown The Crown is a political concept used in Commonwealth realms. Depending on the context used, it generally refers to the entirety of the State (polity), state (or in federal realms, the relevant level of government in that state), the executive ...

".) Established by an act of parliament, each Crown corporation is ultimately accountable for the conduct of its affairs to the federal

parliament In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

or a provincial legislature through the relevant minister. Although Crown corporations are owned by the government, they are operated with much greater managerial

autonomy In developmental psychology and moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be ...

than government departments. They generally enjoy greater freedom from direct political control than government departments since they are "shielded from constant government intervention and legislative oversight". The government can, however, have the minister responsible issue a directive to the board of directors ordering them to take a specific action; and the government carries out periodic mandate reviews to assess crown corporations' performance and cost-effectiveness. Crown corporations differ from "departmental corporations" (such as the

Canada Revenue Agency The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA; ; ) is the revenue service of the Government of Canada, Canadian federal government, and most Provinces and territories of Canada, provincial and territorial governments. The CRA collects Taxation in Canada, taxes, ...

and the

Canadian Food Inspection Agency The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA; ) is a regulatory agency that is dedicated to the safeguarding of food, plants, and animals (FPA) in Canada, thus enhancing the health and well-being of Canada's people, environment and economy. The age ...

) which have no commercial purpose and perform only administrative, research, advisory, or regulatory functions. In the federal sphere, certain Crown corporations can be an agent or non-agent of the government. One with agent status is entitled to the same constitutional prerogatives, privileges, and immunities held by the government and can bind the government by its acts. The government is not liable for Crown corporations with non-agent status, except for actions of that corporation carried out on instruction from the government, though there may be "moral obligations" on the part of the government in other circumstances.

Provincial Crown corporations

Provincial Crown corporations function similarly to their federal counterparts in that they are accountable to the provincial government, and their directors are appointed by the provincial cabinet. Areas in which provincial Crown corporations have traditionally been involved include utilities (e.g.,

Hydro-Québec Hydro-Québec () is a Canadian Crown corporations of Canada#Quebec, Crown corporation public utility headquartered in Montreal, Quebec. It manages the electricity generation, generation, electric power transmission, transmission and electricity ...

), liquor stores and gaming (e.g.,

Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario The Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario (AGCO) is a Crown agency that reports to the Ministry of the Attorney General in the Government of Ontario The Government of Ontario () is the body responsible for the administration of the Pr ...

), telecommunications (e.g.,

SaskTel Saskatchewan Telecommunications Holding Corporation, operating as SaskTel, is a Telecommunications in Canada, Canadian Crown corporations of Canada, crown-owned telecommunications firm based in the province of Saskatchewan. Owned by the provinci ...

), and auto insurance (e.g.,

Insurance Corporation of British Columbia The Insurance Corporation of British Columbia (ICBC) is a provincial Crown corporation in British Columbia providing vehicle insurance. ICBC was created in 1973 by the NDP government of Premier Dave Barrett. By law, any vehicle registered an ...

History

Crown corporations have been created to provide important services in Canada - a large, sparsely-populated country - usually because the private sector was unable or unwilling to provide such services. The first Canadian Crown corporation was the Board of Works, established in 1841 by the

Province of Canada The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867. Its formation reflected recommendations made by John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, in the Report ...

to construct shipping canals. Many of the most significant crown corporations created in the 20th century were designed to meet transportation needs. These include the

Canadian National Railway Company The Canadian National Railway Company () is a Canadian Class I railroad, Class I freight railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, which serves Canada and the Midwestern United States, Midwestern and Southern United States. CN is Canada's l ...

(CN), created in 1922 from more than 200 companies,

, and the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority. The

Bank of Canada The Bank of Canada (BoC; ) is a Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation and Canada's central bank. Chartered in 1934 under the ''Bank of Canada Act'', it is responsible for formulating Canada's monetary policy,OECD. OECD Economic Surve ...

, originally privately owned, became a Crown corporation in 1938. After the Second World War, federal crown corporations were created to provide loans and financial services to groups whose needs were not always met by private institutions, such as farmers (

Farm Credit Corporation Farm Credit Canada (FCC, ; known as Farm Credit Corporation until 2001) is a Canadian Crown corporation and agricultural term lender. This organization's purpose is to enhance rural Canada by providing specialized and personalized financial serv ...

), small businesses (

Business Development Bank of Canada The Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC; ) is a Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation and national development bank wholly owned by the Government of Canada, mandated to help create and develop Canadian businesses through financing ...

), and exporters (

Export Development Canada Export Development Canada (EDC; ) is Canada's export credit agency and a Crown corporation wholly owned by the Government of Canada. Its mandate is to support and develop trade between Canada and other countries, and help Canada's competitiveness ...

). Crown corporations have been most common in transport, telecommunications, utilities, and power generation, but they have also been involved in alcohol sales, gaming, finance, insurance, agriculture, culture and other industries. Significant crown corporations include

Petro-Canada Petro-Canada (colloquially known as Petro-Can) is a retail and wholesale marketing brand subsidiary of Suncor Energy. Until 1991, it was a federal Crown corporation (a state-owned enterprise). In August 2009, Petro-Canada merged with Suncor En ...

, which was founded in 1975 to create a national oil Crown corporation; and

Canada Post Corporation Canada Post Corporation (, trading as Canada Post (), is a Canadian Crown corporation that functions as the primary Postal administration, postal operator in Canada. Originally known as Royal Mail Canada (the operating name of the Post Office ...

, which in 1981 replaced the federal

Post Office Department The United States Post Office Department (USPOD; also known as the Post Office or U.S. Mail) was the predecessor of the United States Postal Service, established in 1792. From 1872 to 1971, it was officially in the form of a Cabinet departme ...

. In the 1970s, a debate emerged about the role and effectiveness of crown corporations, and whether they had become too prominent in the economy. Inspired by

Margaret Thatcher Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher (; 13 October 19258 April 2013), was a British stateswoman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party (UK), Leader of th ...

's sell-off of state assets in Britain in the 1980s, Canadian Prime Minister

Brian Mulroney Martin Brian Mulroney (March 20, 1939 – February 29, 2024) was a Canadian lawyer, businessman, and politician who served as the 18th prime minister of Canada from 1984 to 1993. Born in the eastern Quebec city of Baie-Comeau, Mulroney studi ...

privatized many of Canada's Crown corporations, including

, and

Canadair Canadair Ltd. was a Canadian civil and military aircraft manufacturer that operated from 1944 to 1986. In 1986, its assets were acquired by Bombardier Aerospace, the aviation division of Canadian transport conglomerate Bombardier Inc. Canadai ...

. Sectors that were once dominated by Crown corporations, such as telecommunications, were almost fully privatized. For example, most provinces sold off their phone companies in the 1990s. British Columbia sold off parts of

BC Hydro The British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority, trade name, operating as BC Hydro, is a Canadian electric utility in the province of British Columbia. It is the main electricity distributor, serving more than 4 million customers in most areas, wi ...

, Saskatchewan privatized

PotashCorp The Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, also known as PotashCorp, was a company based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. The company merged with Calgary-based Agrium to form Nutrien, in a transaction that closed on January 1, 2018. The company was the ...

, the world's largest producer of fertilizer, and Nova Scotia privatized its electricity company

Nova Scotia Power Nova Scotia Power Inc. is a vertical integration, vertically integrated electric utility in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is privately owned by Emera and regulated by the provincial government via the Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board (NSUARB). Nov ...

. Alberta privatized its liquor stores in 1996, although in this case, most other provinces did not follow suit. Nevertheless, some new crown corporations have since been created, such as the

Canadian Air Transport Security Authority The Canadian Air Transport Security Authority (CATSA; ) is the Canadian Crown Corporation responsible for security screening of people and baggage and the administration of identity cards at the 89 designated airports in Canada. CATSA responds ...

(CATSA) which was formed in response to the 11 September 2001 attacks to provide passenger and baggage screening at airports (rather than leave it to airlines).

List of federal Crown corporations

List of provincial Crown corporations

Alberta

In Alberta, the term ''

public agency In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...

'' is used to describe "boards, commissions, tribunals or other organizations established by government, but not part of a government department." *

Agriculture Financial Services Corporation Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food ...

* Alberta Capital Finance Authority (ACFA) * Alberta Enterprise Corporation (AEC) *

Alberta Foundation for the Arts Alberta Foundation for the Arts (AFA) is a crown corporation charged with development and promotion of the arts in Alberta, Canada Alberta is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province in Canada. It is a part of Western Canada and is on ...

(AFA) *

Alberta Gaming, Liquor and Cannabis Commission The Alberta Gaming, Liquor and Cannabis Commission (AGLC) is an agency of the government of the Canadian province of Alberta, and regulates alcoholic beverages, recreational cannabis, and gaming-related activities. References to cannabis were ...

(AGLC) * Alberta Indigenous Opportunities Corporation * Alberta Innovates (AI) *

Alberta Investment Management Corporation Alberta Investment Management Corporation (AIMCo) is a Canadian crown corporation and institutional investor owned by the Government of Alberta, established to manage several public funds and pensions headquartered in Edmonton, Alberta. AIMCo was ...

(AIMCo) * Alberta Pensions Services Corporation *

Alberta Petroleum Marketing Commission Alberta is a province in Canada. It is a part of Western Canada and is one of the three prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to its west, Saskatchewan to its east, the Northwest Territories to its north, and the U.S. stat ...

(APMC) *

Alberta Securities Commission The Alberta Securities Commission (ASC) is the securities commission responsible for administering and enforcing securities legislation in the Canadian province of Alberta. ThAlberta Securities Act RSA 2000 a revision of the original Act that ca ...

* Alberta Social Housing Corporation * Alberta Treasury Branches (ATB Financial) *

Canadian Energy Centre The Canadian Energy Centre Limited (CEC), also commonly called the "Energy War Room", was an Alberta provincial corporation mandated to promote Alberta's energy industry and rebut "domestic and foreign-funded campaigns against Canada's oil and ...

* Credit Union Deposit Guarantee Corporation (Alberta) (CUDGC) * Heritage Fund Opportunities Corporation * Invest Alberta Corporation (IAC) *

Royal Alberta Museum The Royal Alberta Museum (RAM) is a museum of human and natural history in Downtown Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, located north of City Hall. The museum is the largest in western Canada with more than exhibition space and in total. The museum w ...

(RAM) * Travel Alberta

British Columbia

* BC Assessment Authority * B.C. Council for International Education * BC Games Society * British Columbia Housing Management Commission (BC Housing) *

(formed in 1961) — took over the assets of the

British Columbia Electric Railway The British Columbia Electric Railway (BCER) was an historic railway which operated in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Originally the parent company for, and later a division of, BC Electric Company (now BC Hydro), the BCER assumed cont ...

. * BC Immigrant Investment Fund * BC Infrastructure Benefits (BCIB) * BC Innovation Council (BCIC) * BC Lottery Corporation * BC Liquor Distribution Branch **

BC Liquor Stores BC Liquor Stores are a chain of government-owned and operated retail outlets operated by the British Columbia Liquor Distribution Branch to distribute alcoholic beverages in the province of British Columbia, Canada. They are accountable to the ...

** BC Cannabis Stores * BC Pavilion Corporation — originally created to manage the BC Pavilion during

Expo 86 The 1986 World Exposition on Transportation and Communication, or simply Expo 86, was a world's fair held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from May 2 until October 13, 1986. The fair, the theme of which was "Transportation and Communicatio ...

, PavCo operates

BC Place Stadium BC Place is a multi-purpose stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Located at the north side of False Creek, it is owned and operated by the BC Pavilion Corporation (PavCo), a Crown corporation of the province. The venue is currently t ...

and the

Vancouver Convention Centre The Vancouver Convention Centre (formerly known as the Vancouver Convention & Exhibition Centre, or VCEC) is a convention centre in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; it is one of Canada's largest convention centres. With the opening of the n ...

. * BC Pension Corporation *

BC Transit BC Transit is a provincial Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation responsible for coordinating the delivery of public transportation within British Columbia, Canada, outside Greater Vancouver. BC Transit is headquartered in Victoria, Bri ...

* BC Transportation Financing Authority *

British Columbia Investment Management Corporation British Columbia Investment Management Corporation which uses the trade name BCI, is a Canadian company established by way of the 1999 ''Public Sector Pension Plans Act'' to provide investment services to British Columbia’s public sector pensi ...

() *

British Columbia Public School Employers' Association British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and cultur ...

* British Columbia Railway Company *

British Columbia Securities Commission The British Columbia Securities Commission (BCSC) is a regulatory agency which administers and enforces securities legislation in the Canadian province of British Columbia. See also * Canadian securities regulation * Securities Commission * Ca ...

* Columbia Basin Trust *

Columbia Power Corporation Columbia Power Corporation is a Crown Corporation, owned by the province of British Columbia, Canada. Its mandate is to undertake hydro-electricity projects in the Columbia River region of British Columbia. In so doing, it is required to work ...

* Community Living BC *

Community Social Services Employers' Association A community is a social unit (a group of people) with a shared socially-significant characteristic, such as place, set of norms, culture, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given ge ...

* Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area * Crown Corporations Employers' Association * Destination BC *

First Peoples' Cultural Council The First Peoples' Cultural Council (FPCC) is a First Nations governed Crown Corporation of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It is based in Brentwood Bay, British Columbia on Tsartlip First Nation. The organization was formerly known as t ...

* Forestry Innovation Investment * Health Employers Association of British Columbia * Industry Training Authority *

(ICBC; formed in 1973) *

Knowledge Network Knowledge Network, also branded as British Columbia's Knowledge Network and K:, is a Canadian publicly funded educational cable television network serving the province of British Columbia. It is owned by the Knowledge Network Corporation, a Crow ...

Legal Services Society Legal Aid BC (formerly the Legal Services Society) is the legal aid provider in British Columbia, Canada. Services are available for family (separation/divorce and child protection/removal), criminal law matters, and refugee applications, and incl ...

* Nechako-Kitamaat Development Fund Society * Oil and Gas Commission (formed in 1998) * Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia * Pacific Carbon Trust * Partnerships British Columbia Inc. * Post-secondary Employers' Association of British Columbia * Private Career Training Institutions Agency *

Royal British Columbia Museum The Royal British Columbia Museum (or Royal BC Museum), founded in 1886, is a history museum in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. The "Royal" title was approved by Queen Elizabeth II and bestowed by Prince Philip in 1987, to coincide with a ...

(RBCM) * Transportation Investment Corporation (formed in 2008)

Manitoba

Crown corporations in

Manitoba Manitoba is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population ...

are supported by Manitoba Crown Services. * Efficiency Manitoba * Manitoba Agricultural Services Corporation * Manitoba Arts Council * Combative Sports Commission (formerly Manitoba Boxing Commission) * Manitoba Film and Music * Manitoba Housing and Renewal Corporation *

Manitoba Hydro The Manitoba Hydro-Electric Board (), operating as Manitoba Hydro, is the electric power and natural gas public utility, utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1961, it is a provincial Crown Corporation, governed by the Manitoba ...

** Centra Gas Manitoba *

Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries Corporation The Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries Corporation (MBLL; ) is a Crown corporation of the Manitoba government responsible for providing legalized gambling ("gaming"), distributing and selling liquor, and for sourcing and distributing non-medical can ...

* Manitoba Public Insurance Corporation

New Brunswick

Atlantic Lottery Corporation The Atlantic Lottery Corporation (ALC) (French: Société des loteries de l'Atlantique), branded as simply Atlantic Lottery or Loto Atlantique, is a Canadian organization that provides government-regulated lottery products in Atlantic Canada. Th ...

* Financial and Consumer Services Commission *

NB Power New Brunswick Power Corporation (), operating as NB Power (), is the primary electric utility in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of New Brunswick. NB Power is a Vertical integration, vertically-integrated Crown corpor ...

* New Brunswick Liquor Corporation * Service New Brunswick *

New Brunswick Community College New Brunswick Community College (NBCC) is a public college located throughout various locations in New Brunswick, Canada, including Moncton, Miramichi, Fredericton (its head office), Saint John, St. Andrews, and Woodstock. New Brunswick Commu ...

* New Brunswick Investment Management Corporation * WorkSafeNB

Newfoundland and Labrador

* Churchill Falls (Labrador) Corporation Limited *

Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador The Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador (HFNL) or Heritage NL is a non-profit Crown corporation of the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador established in 1984 by the Historic Resources Act (Newfoundland and Labrador), Historic R ...

* Nalcor Energy * Newfoundland and Labrador Film Development Corporation *

Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro (NL Hydro), commonly known as Hydro, is a provincial Crown corporation that manages the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity in Newfoundland and Labrador, as well as portions of Quebec and the ...

* Newfoundland and Labrador Housing Corporation * Newfoundland and Labrador Liquor Corporation * Defence Construction Canada

Nova Scotia

Art Gallery of Nova Scotia The Art Gallery of Nova Scotia (AGNS) is a public provincial museums of Canada, provincial art museum based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The art museum's primary building complex is located in downtown Halifax and takes up ...

* Develop Nova Scotia (formerly Waterfront Development Corporation Limited) * Film and Creative Industries Nova Scotia * Halifax Convention Centre Corporation (operating as Events East Group) *

Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge Commission The Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge Commission, operating as Halifax Harbour Bridges, is a Nova Scotia Crown corporation created in 1950 by provincial statute. It currently operates under a new statute passed in 2005 named the ''Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge ...

* Harbourside Commercial Park Inc. (HCPI) * Highway 104 Western Alignment Corporation — created by statute but independent of government * Innovacorp * Nova Scotia Arts Council * Nova Scotia Beef Commission *

Nova Scotia Business Incorporated A nova ( novae or novas) is a transient astronomical event that causes the sudden appearance of a bright, apparently "new" star (hence the name "nova", Latin for "new") that slowly fades over weeks or months. All observed novae involve white ...

* Nova Scotia Crop and Livestock Insurance Commission * Nova Scotia Farm Loan Board * Nova Scotia Fisheries & Aquaculture Loan Board * Nova Scotia Film Development Corporation * Nova Scotia Gaming Corporation * Nova Scotia Harness Racing Incorporated * Nova Scotia Housing Development Corporation * Nova Scotia Lands Incorporated (NSLI) * Nova Scotia Liquor Corporation (NSLC) *

Nova Scotia Municipal Finance Corporation A nova ( novae or novas) is a transient astronomical event that causes the sudden appearance of a bright, apparently "new" star (hence the name "nova", Latin for "new") that slowly fades over weeks or months. All observed novae involve white ...

(NSMFC) * Nova Scotia Power Finance Corporation * Nova Scotia Provincial Housing Agency * Nova Scotia Resources Limited * Perennia Food and Agriculture Inc. * Renova Scotia Bioenergy Inc. (former Bowater Mersey assets) * Rockingham Terminal Inc. * Sydney Environmental Resources Limited *

Tidal Power Corporation Tidal is the adjectival form of tide. Tidal may also refer to: * ''Tidal'' (album), a 1996 album by Fiona Apple * Tidal (king), a king involved in the Battle of the Vale of Siddim * TidalCycles, a live coding environment for music * Tidal (servic ...

* Tourism Nova Scotia

Ontario

Crown corporations in

Ontario Ontario is the southernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Located in Central Canada, Ontario is the Population of Canada by province and territory, country's most populous province. As of the 2021 Canadian census, it ...

are referred to as ''Crown agencies''. A Crown agency includes any board, commission, railway, public utility, university, factory, company or agency that is established or operated by the King in Right of Ontario or the

Government of Ontario The Government of Ontario () is the body responsible for the administration of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. The term ''Government of Ontario'' refers specifically to the executive—political Minister ...

, or under the authority of the

Legislature A legislature (, ) is a deliberative assembly with the legal authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country, nation or city on behalf of the people therein. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial power ...

or the

Lieutenant Governor A lieutenant governor, lieutenant-governor, or vice governor is a high officer of state, whose precise role and rank vary by jurisdiction. Often a lieutenant governor is the deputy, or lieutenant, to or ranked under a governor — a "second-in-comm ...

-in-Council.
Crown Agency Act
', R.S.O. 1990, c. 48. * Agricultural Research Institute of Ontario *

Education Quality and Accountability Office The Education Quality and Accountability Office (EQAO, , OQRE) is a Crown agency of the Government of Ontario in Canada. It was legislated into creation in 1996 in response to recommendations made by the Royal Commission on Learning in February ...

* Financial Services Regulatory Authority of Ontario * GroupeMédia TFO *

Independent Electricity System Operator The Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO) is the Crown corporation responsible for operating the electricity market and directing the operation of the bulk electrical system in the province of Ontario, Canada. It is one of seven indepen ...

* Infrastructure Ontario *

Liquor Control Board of Ontario The Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO, ) is a Crown agency that retails and distributes alcoholic beverages throughout the Canadian province of Ontario. It is accountable to the Legislative Assembly through the minister of finance. It wa ...

McMichael Canadian Art Collection The McMichael Canadian Art Collection (MCAC) is an art museum in Kleinburg, Ontario, Canada. The museum is located on a property in Kleinburg, an unincorporated village in Vaughan. The property includes the museum's main building, a sculpture gar ...

Metrolinx Metrolinx is a transportation agency in Ontario, Canada. It is a Crown agency that manages and integrates road and public transportation in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). It was created as the Greater Toronto Transportation Au ...

* Municipal Property Assessment Corporation * Niagara Escarpment Commission *

Niagara Parks Commission The Niagara Parks Commission, commonly shortened to Niagara Parks, is an agency of the Government of Ontario which maintains the Ontario shoreline of the Niagara River. History The Commission was founded in 1885 and charged with preserving an ...

Northern Ontario Heritage Fund The Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation (NOHFC) is a Crown corporation and development agency of the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines in the Canadian province of Ontario, whose purpose is to provide funding and program support to ...

* Ontario Agricorp * Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion * Ontario Cannabis Retail Corporation *

Ontario Clean Water Agency The Ontario Clean Water Agency (OCWA) is a Crown agency of the Government of Ontario that provides operation, maintenance and management services for more than 450 water and wastewater treatment facilities in the province. History OCWA was crea ...

Ontario Educational Communications Authority TVO (stylized in all lowercase as tvo), formerly known as TVOntario, is a Canadian publicly funded English-language educational television network and media organization serving the Canadian province of Ontario. It operates flagship station CI ...

Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation, known for corporate branding purposes simply as OLG since 2006, is a Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation owned by the Government of Ontario, Canada. OLG conducts and manages gaming on behalf o ...

Ontario Northland Transportation Commission The Ontario Northland Transportation Commission (ONTC), or simply Ontario Northland, is a Crown agency (Ontario), Crown agency of the Government of Ontario responsible for providing transportation services for passengers and goods in Northern ...

* Ontario Health *

Ontario Power Generation Ontario Power Generation Inc. (OPG) is a Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation and "government business enterprise" that is responsible for approximately half of the electricity generation in the province of Ontario, Canada. It is w ...

Ontario Science Centre The Ontario Science Centre (OSC; originally the Centennial Museum of Science and Technology) is a science museum and organization based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Its original location opened to the public in 1969 and was located near the D ...

Ontario Securities Commission The Ontario Securities Commission (OSC; French language, French: ''Commission des valeurs mobilières de l’Ontario'') is a regulation, regulatory agency which administers and enforces security (finance), securities legislation in the Canadian p ...

* Owen Sound Transportation Company *

Royal Ontario Museum The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) is a museum of art, world culture and natural history in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is one of the largest museums in North America and the largest in Canada. It attracts more than one million visitors every year ...

* Science North *

St. Lawrence Parks Commission The St. Lawrence Parks Commission () is a Crown agency of the Government of Ontario that manages parks and heritage sites along the shoreline of the St. Lawrence River in southeastern Ontario Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 20 ...

* Trilcor Correctional Industries *

Workplace Safety and Insurance Board The Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) is the workplace compensation board for provincially regulated workplaces in Ontario, Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces a ...

Prince Edward Island

Charlottetown Area Development Corporation Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlott ...

* Innovation PEI * Island Investment Development Inc. * P.E.I. Student Financial Assistance Corporation *

Island Waste Management Corporation The Island Waste Management Corporation (IWMC) is a Canadian provincial Crown corporation operated by the Government of Prince Edward Island. Headquartered in Charlottetown, IWMC is responsible for collecting and disposing of solid waste in the en ...

* P.E.I. Aquaculture and Fisheries Research Initiative Inc. * Prince Edward Island Agricultural Insurance Corporation * Prince Edward Island Energy Corporation * Prince Edward Island Grain Elevators Corporation *

Prince Edward Island Liquor Control Commission The Prince Edward Island Liquor Control Commission, operating as PEI Liquor (), is a provincial Crown corporation that controls the purchase, distribution and sale of alcoholic beverages in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island. The commi ...

* Prince Edward Island Self-Insurance and Risk Management Fund * Summerside Regional Development Corporation

Saskatchewan

* Crown Investments Corporation of Saskatchewan (CIC) * eHealth Saskatchewan *

Financial and Consumer Affairs Authority Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and discipline of money, currency, assets and liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business Administration wich study the planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of an o ...

* Global Transportation Hub (GTH) * Municipal Financing Corporation of Saskatchewan (MFC) * Saskatchewan Association of Rehabilitation Centres (SARC) * SaskAbilities * Saskatchewan Distance Learning Corporation (DLC) *

Saskatchewan Government Insurance Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI) is a Canadian insurance company and a Crown corporations, Crown corporation wholly owned by the Government of Saskatchewan. SGI's operations consist of the Saskatchewan Auto Fund, the compulsory public auto ...

(SGI) * Saskatchewan Housing Corporation (SHC) * Saskatchewan Liquor and Gaming Authority (SLGA) * Saskatchewan Opportunities Corporation (SOCO) * Saskatchewan Public Safety Agency *

Saskatchewan Research Council The Saskatchewan Research Council (SRC) is a provincial treasury board crown corporation engaged in research and technology development on behalf of the provincial government and private industry. It focuses on applied research and development proj ...

(SRC) * SaskBuilds *

SaskEnergy SaskEnergy Incorporated is a Crown corporation of the Saskatchewan government, responsible for delivering and selling natural gas to residential, commercial, and industrial customers in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. The company owns 70,00 ...

* SaskGaming *

SaskPower Saskatchewan Power Corporation, trade name, operating as SaskPower, is the principal electric utility in Saskatchewan, Canada. Established in 1929 by the Saskatchewan#Government and politics, provincial government, it serves more than 550,000 cu ...

* SaskWater * Tourism Saskatchewan * Water Security Agency * SaskNuclear

List of territorial Crown corporations

Northwest Territories

* Northwest Territories Hydro Corporation * Northwest Territories Power Corporation * NWT Business Development and Investment Corporation * NWT Housing Corporation * Aurora College

Nunavut

* Qulliq Energy *

Nunavut Arctic College Nunavut Arctic College (, , Inuinnaqtun: ''Nunavunmi Inirnirit Iliharviat'') is a public community college in the territory of Nunavut, Canada. The college has several campuses throughout the territory and operates as a public agency (Crown co ...

Yukon

* Yukon Arts Centre * Yukon Energy * Yukon Hospital Corporation * Yukon Liquor Corporation

Former Crown corporations

Several private Canadian companies were once Crown corporations, while others have gone defunct.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Crown Corporations Of Canada Monarchy of Canada Lists of companies of Canada

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...