BRCA1-A complex subunit MERIT40 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''BABAM1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Interactions
BABAM1 has been shown to
interact with
BRE.
Repair of DNA damage
MERIT40, the protein product of the BABAM1 gene, is a core component of the deubiquitin complex BRCA1-A.
Other core components of the BRCA1-A complex are the BRCC36 protein (
BRCC3
Lys-63-specific deubiquitinase BRCC36 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''BRCC3'' gene.
Function
This gene encodes a subunit of the BRCA1-BRCA2-containing complex (BRCC), which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase. This protein is also though ...
gene), BRE protein (
BRE (gene)
BRCA1-A complex subunit BRE is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRE'' gene.
Repair of DNA damage
BRE, the protein product of the BRE (gene), is a core component of the deubiquitin complex BRCA1-A. Other core components of the BRCA1 ...
), and RAP80 protein (
UIMC1 gene).
[ MERIT40 protein binds ubiquitin with high affinity.
BRCA1, as distinct from BRCA1-A, is employed in the repair of chromosomal damage with an important role in the error-free ]homologous recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which genetic information is exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of double-stranded or single-stranded nucleic acids (usually DNA as in Cell (biology), cellular organi ...
al (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Sequestration of BRCA1 away from the DNA damage site suppresses homologous recombination and redirects the cell in the direction of repair by the process of non-homologous end joining
Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a pathway that repairs double-strand breaks in DNA. It is called "non-homologous" because the break ends are directly ligated without the need for a homologous template, in contrast to homology directed repair ...
(NHEJ).[ The role of BRCA1-A appears to be to bind BRCA1 with high affinity and withdraw it away from the site of DNA damage to the periphery where it remains sequestered, thus promoting NHEJ in preference to HR.
]
References
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