The genus name is a combination of the

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...

" argyros" (), meaning "silver", and the suffix "-odes", meaning "like". ''Argyrodes'', also called dewdrop spiders, is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

comb-footed spiders Theridiidae, also known as the tangle-web spiders, cobweb spiders and comb-footed spiders, is a large family of araneomorph spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. This diverse, globally distributed family includes over 3,000 spec ...

that was first described by

Eugène Louis Simon Eugene is a common male given name that comes from the Greek εὐγενής (''eugenēs''), "noble", literally "well-born", from εὖ (''eu''), "well" and γένος (''genos''), "race, stock, kin". They occur worldwide, and are best known for their

kleptoparasitism Kleptoparasitism (originally spelt clepto-parasitism, meaning "parasitism by theft") is a form of feeding in which one animal deliberately takes food from another. The strategy is evolutionarily stable when stealing is less costly than direct f ...

. They can spin their own webs, but tend to invade and reside in their hosts' webs. This relationship can be

commensal Commensalism is a long-term biological interaction (symbiosis) in which members of one species gain benefits while those of the other species neither benefit nor are harmed. This is in contrast with mutualism, in which both organisms benefit f ...

or even mutual if the dewdrop spider feeds on small trapped insects that are not eaten by the host.Tso 2000 Some species can even prey upon the host.Guarisco 1999

Description

Most species are relatively small, and many are black with silvery markings. '' A. incursus'' has a body length of , while '' A. fissifrons'' has a body length of about . The body has a characteristic conical or triangle shape with a shorter third pair of legs, common in web dwelling spiders. The silver coloration of ''Argyrodes'' may be able to attract moths and other insects as it stimulates their photoreceptors and may resemble starlight. The most striking anatomical character of Argyrodes and related other genera is a prosomatic sexual dimorphism, the cephalic part of male's cephalothorax being often strangely modified by "deformations" such as knobs, notches and sulci. During copulation they are gripped by the chelicerae of the female to contact the secretion of an underlying exocrin organ discovered and named clypeal or acronal gland by André Lopez(1974)(external link : "archentoflor").

Distribution

Most ''Argyrodes'' are found in the tropics, though fifteen species are found in the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

. ''A. elevatus'' is found in the southern US, ''A. nephilae'' in Florida and ''A. pluto'' in Maryland, Virginia, and Missouri. The latter species has been reported as far south as Chihuahua and Jamaica as well.

Behavior

''Argyrodes'' are kleptoparasitic spiders that live on the webs created by

orb-weaver spider Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name ...

s. These spiders feed on the small prey items caught in the host webs that they parasitize. In some instances, ''Argyrodes'' may even feed on previously digested carcasses that remain on the web. While these spiders are well known for being kleptoparasitic, they are also arachnophagous, meaning they prey on other spiders. ''Argyrodes'' will wait for a time when the host spider is vulnerable, such as during molting, and will attack and feed on it. This is true for the host spider's offspring as well, however ''Agyrodes'' will only feed on other spiders in some instances. It has been suggested that ''Argyrodes'' may have a mutualistic relationship with the host. The silver coloration of ''Argyrodes'' was found to attract more prey, particularly moths, to the host's web. This allows for larger prey items to be attracted for the host spider while ''Argyrodes'' is able to consume the smaller unwanted prey. A common misconception about ''Argyrodes'' is that it steals prey from the host spider, but recent research has shown that ''Argyrodes'' rarely steals large prey items from the host, and only eats what the host spider typically does not want. They have been noticed in complex

Joro spider ''Trichonephila clavata'', also known as the , is a spider in the ''Trichonephila'' genus. Native to East Asia, it is found throughout China, Japan (except Hokkaidō), Korea, and Taiwan, and has been spreading across North America since the 201 ...

webs, for example. Kleptoparasitic spiders such as ''Argyrodes'' tend to prefer larger host webs over small ones, and multiple spiders often inhabit the same host web. Clustered webs were found to be preferred by ''Arygrodes'', but only because these webs are generally larger than isolated ones. There does not appear to be any preference for clustered webs over isolated webs when comparing the number of spiders per web area. Kleptoparasitic spiders tend to spend much of their time on the outskirts of the host web, using this area as a safe place outside of the host spiders typical monitoring range. In addition to stealing food from the host web, dewdrop spiders are also known to use the host web as a location for mating as well as a place to hang their egg sacs. In

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

, ''Argyrodes'' spiders are the most common guest species in the webs of the colonial spiders ''

Anelosimus eximius ''Anelosimus eximius'' is a species of social spider in the genus '' Anelosimus'', native to the Lesser Antilles and the area from Panama to Argentina. Colonies can comprise several thousand individuals. Habitat and distribution The natural r ...

'', where they primarily inhabit the upper strands of the large webs and descend into the main web to feed on prey remains.

Species

it contains ninety-three species and five subspecies, found in Asia, South America, North America, Oceania, Africa, the Caribbean, on the

Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; ) or Canaries are an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean and the southernmost Autonomous communities of Spain, Autonomous Community of Spain. They are located in the northwest of Africa, with the closest point to the cont ...

, and

Saint Helena Saint Helena (, ) is one of the three constituent parts of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, a remote British overseas territory. Saint Helena is a volcanic and tropical island, located in the South Atlantic Ocean, some 1,874 km ...

: *'' A. abscissus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 –

Madagascar Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, f ...

*'' A. alannae'' Grostal, 1999 – Eastern Australia *'' A. ambalikae'' Tikader, 1970 –

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

*'' A. amboinensis'' Thorell, 1878 –

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

(

Sulawesi Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the List of islands by area, world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Min ...

, Ambon), New Guinea,

New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...

*'' A. antipodianus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 –

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

, New Caledonia,

New Zealand New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...

*'' A. apiculatus'' Thorell, 1895 –

Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...

*'' A. argentatus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 – India, Indonesia to China. Introduced to Hawaii *'' A. argyrodes'' (Walckenaer, 1841) (

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * ...

) – Mediterranean to West Africa,

Seychelles Seychelles (, ; ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (; Seychellois Creole: ), is an island country and archipelagic state consisting of 155 islands (as per the Constitution) in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city, Victoria, ...

*'' A. atriapicatus''

Strand Strand or The Strand may refer to: Topography *The flat area of land bordering a body of water, a: ** Beach ** Shoreline * Strand swamp, a type of swamp habitat in Florida Places Africa * Strand, Western Cape, a seaside town in South Africa * ...

, 1906 –

Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...

*'' A. bandanus'' Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Banda Is.) *'' A. benedicti'' Lopez, 1988 –

French Guiana French Guiana, or Guyane in French, is an Overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies. Bordered by Suriname to the west ...

*'' A. binotatus'' Rainbow, 1915 – Australia *'' A. bonadea'' ( Karsch, 1881) – India,

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

Korea Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 3 ...

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

*'' A. borbonicus'' Lopez, 1990 –

Réunion Réunion (; ; ; known as before 1848) is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department and region of France. Part of the Mascarene Islands, it is located approximately east of the isl ...

*'' A. callipygus'' Thorell, 1895 – Myanmar *'' A. calmettei'' Lopez, 1990 – Réunion *'' A. chionus'' Roberts, 1983 – Seychelles (Aldabra) *'' A. chiriatapuensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.) *'' A. chounguii'' Lopez, 2010 –

Mayotte Mayotte ( ; , ; , ; , ), officially the Department of Mayotte (), is an Overseas France, overseas Overseas departments and regions of France, department and region and single territorial collectivity of France. It is one of the Overseas departm ...

*'' A. coactatus'' Lopez, 1988 – French Guiana *'' A. cognatus'' ( Blackwall, 1877) – Seychelles *'' A. convivans'' Lawrence, 1937 –

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...

*'' A. cylindratus'' Thorell, 1898 – China, Myanmar to Japan *'' A. cyrtophorae'' Tikader, 1963 – India *'' A. delicatulus'' Thorell, 1878 – Indonesia (Ambon) *'' A. dipali'' Tikader, 1963 – India *'' A. elevatus''

Taczanowski Taczanowski (Polish feminine: Taczanowska; plural: Taczanowscy) is the surname of a Polish szlachta (nobility) family from Poznań bearing the Jastrzębiec coat of arms and the motto: ''Plus penser que dire''. They took their name from their ...

, 1873 – USA to Argentina, Galapagos Is. *'' A. exlineae'' ( Caporiacco, 1949) –

Kenya Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country located in East Africa. With an estimated population of more than 52.4 million as of mid-2024, Kenya is the 27th-most-populous country in the world and the 7th most populous in Africa. ...

*'' A. fasciatus'' Thorell, 1892 –

Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...

Singapore Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. The country's territory comprises one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet. It is about one degree ...

*'' A. fissifrons'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 – Sri Lanka to Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, China, Australia (

Queensland Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...

) **'' Argyrodes f. terressae'' Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.) *'' A. fissifrontellus'' Saaristo, 1978 – Seychelles *'' A. flavescens'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 – India, Sri Lanka to Japan, New Guinea *'' A. flavipes'' Rainbow, 1916 – Australia (Queensland) *'' A. fragilis'' Thorell, 1877 – Indonesia (Sulawesi) *'' A. gazedes'' Tikader, 1970 – India *'' A. gazingensis'' Tikader, 1970 – India *'' A. gemmatus'' Rainbow, 1920 – Australia (Lord Howe Is.) *'' A. gouri'' Tikader, 1963 – India *'' A. gracilis'' ( L. Koch, 1872) – Australia (Lord Howe Is.), New Caledonia,

Samoa Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa and known until 1997 as Western Samoa, is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania, in the South Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main islands (Savai'i and Upolu), two smaller, inhabited ...

*'' A. hawaiiensis'' Simon, 1900 –

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta ...

*'' A. ilipoepoe'' Rivera & Gillespie, 2010 – Hawaii *'' A. incertus'' Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is. *'' A. incisifrons''

Keyserling Keyserling is the surname of several members of the noble House of Keyserlingk: * Alexander Keyserling (1815–1891), Russian geologist, paleontologist, botanist and zoologist * Eugen von Keyserling (1833–1889), German arachnologist * Hermann Gr ...

, 1890 – Australia (Queensland) *'' A. incursus'' Gray & Anderson, 1989 – Australia (

New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...

, Lord Howe Is.) *'' A. insectus''

Schmidt Schmidt may refer to: * Schmidt (surname), including list of people and fictional characters with the surname * Schmidt (singer) (born 1990), German pop and jazz singer * Schmidt (lunar crater), a small lunar impact crater * Schmidt (Martian c ...

, 2005 – Cape Verde Is. *'' A. jamkhedes'' Tikader, 1963 – India *'' A. kratochvili'' (Caporiacco, 1949) – Kenya *'' A. kualensis'' Hogg, 1927 – Malaysia *'' A. kulczynskii'' ( Roewer, 1942) – New Guinea *'' A. kumadai'' Chida & Tanikawa, 1999 – China, Taiwan, Japan *'' A. laja'' Rivera & Gillespie, 2010 – Hawaii *'' A. lanyuensis'' Yoshida, Tso & Severinghaus, 1998 – Taiwan *'' A. latifolium'' Liu, Irfan & Peng, 2019 – China *'' A. lepidus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 – New Zealand *'' A. levuca'' Strand, 1915 –

Fiji Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists of an archipelago of more than 330 islands—of which about ...

*'' A. lucmae''

Chamberlin The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are several ...

, 1916 –

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

*'' A. maculiger'' Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Kei Is.) *'' A. margaritarius'' (Rainbow, 1894) – Australia (New South Wales) *'' A. mellissi'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870) – St. Helena *'' A. mertoni'' Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Aru Is.) **'' Argyrodes m. poecilior'' Strand, 1913 –

Central Africa Central Africa (French language, French: ''Afrique centrale''; Spanish language, Spanish: ''África central''; Portuguese language, Portuguese: ''África Central'') is a subregion of the African continent comprising various countries accordin ...

*'' A. miltosus'' Zhu & Song, 1991 – China *'' A. minax'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 – Madagascar,

Comoros The Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros, is an archipelagic country made up of three islands in Southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city is Moroni, ...

*'' A. miniaceus'' (

Doleschall Carl Ludwig Doleschall (; ; born 15 July 1827 – died 26 February 1859) was born in Vág-Újhely, Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867), Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire (now Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Slovakia), as the son of the theologian Michael Do ...

, 1857) – Korea, Japan to Australia *'' A. modestus'' Thorell, 1899 –

Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa. It shares boundaries with Nigeria to the west and north, Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the R ...

*'' A. nasutus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 –

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

*'' A. neocaledonicus''

Berland Berland is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *André Berland (1940–2025), French historian and biographer *Bjørn Berland (born 1977), Norwegian footballer *Eliezer Berland (born 1937), Israeli Breslov rabbi *François Berléan ...

, 1924 – New Caledonia *'' A. nephilae'' Taczanowski, 1873 – USA, Caribbean to Argentina, Galapagos Is. Introduced to India *'' A. parcestellatus'' Simon, 1909 –

Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...

*'' A. pluto''

Banks A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans. Lending activities can be directly performed by the bank or indirectly through capital markets. As banks ...

, 1906 – USA,

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

Jamaica Jamaica is an island country in the Caribbean Sea and the West Indies. At , it is the third-largest island—after Cuba and Hispaniola—of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean. Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, west of Hispaniola (the is ...

*'' A. praeacutus'' Simon, 1903 –

Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. It has an area of . Formerly the colony of Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name refers to its location both near the Equ ...

*'' A. projeles'' Tikader, 1970 – India *'' A. rainbowi'' (Roewer, 1942) – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales) *'' A. reticola'' Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Aru Is.) *'' A. rostratus'' Blackwall, 1877 – Seychelles *'' A. samoensis'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 – New Caledonia, Samoa *'' A. scapulatus'' Schmidt & Piepho, 1994 – Cape Verde Is. *'' A. scintillulanus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880 – India, Sri Lanka *'' A. sextuberculosus'' Strand, 1908 –

Mozambique Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique, is a country located in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Eswatini and South Afr ...

, Madagascar **'' Argyrodes s. dilutior'' (Caporiacco, 1940) – Ethiopia *'' A. strandi'' (Caporiacco, 1940) – Ethiopia *'' A. stridulator'' Lawrence, 1937 – South Africa *'' A. sublimis'' L. Koch, 1872 – Fiji *'' A. sundaicus'' (Doleschall, 1859) –

Thailand Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...

, Indonesia (

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

), Papua New Guinea (

New Britain New Britain () is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from New Guinea by a northwest corner of the Solomon Sea (or with an island hop of Umboi Island, Umboi the Dampie ...

) *'' A. tenuis'' Thorell, 1877 – Indonesia (Sulawesi) **'' Argyrodes t. infumatus'' Thorell, 1878 – Indonesia (Ambon) *'' A. tripunctatus'' Simon, 1877 – Philippines *'' A. unimaculatus'' ( Marples, 1955) – Samoa, Tongatabu,

Niue Niue is a self-governing island country in free association with New Zealand. It is situated in the South Pacific Ocean and is part of Polynesia, and predominantly inhabited by Polynesians. One of the world's largest coral islands, Niue is c ...

*'' A. vatovae'' (Caporiacco, 1940) – Ethiopia *'' A. viridis'' (Vinson, 1863) – Madagascar, Réunion *'' A. vittatus'' Bradley, 1877 – New Guinea *'' A. weyrauchi'' Exline &

Levi Levi ( ; ) was, according to the Book of Genesis, the third of the six sons of Jacob and Leah (Jacob's third son), and the founder of the Israelites, Israelite Tribe of Levi (the Levites, including the Kohanim) and the great-grandfather of Aaron ...

, 1962 – Peru *'' A. wolfi'' Strand, 1911 – New Guinea *'' A. yunnanensis'' Xu, Yin & Kim, 2000 – China *'' A. zhui'' Zhu & Song, 1991 – China *'' A. zonatus'' (Walckenaer, 1841) – Equatorial Guinea (

Bioko Bioko (; ; ; historically known as Fernando Pó, ) is an island of Equatorial Guinea. It is located south of the coast of Cameroon, and northwest of the northernmost part of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Malabo, on the north coast of the is ...

East Africa East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the Africa, African continent, distinguished by its unique geographical, historical, and cultural landscape. Defined in varying scopes, the regi ...

, Madagascar, Réunion, Mayotte **'' Argyrodes z. occidentalis'' Simon, 1903 –

Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, is a country in West Africa that covers with an estimated population of 2,026,778. It borders Senegal to Guinea-Bissau–Senegal border, its north and Guinea to Guinea–Guinea-Bissau b ...

Formerly included: *''A. aculeatus'' (Thorell, 1898) (Transferred to '' Rhomphaea'') *''A. acuminatus'' Keyserling, 1891 (Transferred to ''

Faiditus ''Faiditus'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1884. Species it contains fifty-nine species, all found in the Americas except for ''F. xiphias'', found in Asia: *'' F. acuminatus'' (Keyserli ...

'') *''A. acuminatus'' (Schenkel, 1953) (Transferred to ''

Chrysso ''Chrysso'' is a genus of Theridiidae, comb-footed spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1882. ''C. pulcherrima'' is pantropical, ''C. spiniventris'' has been introduced to Europe, and ''C. nordica'' occurs both in Nor ...

'') *''A. affinis'' (Lessert, 1936) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. alticeps'' Keyserling, 1891 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. altus'' Keyserling, 1891 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. amates'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. americanus'' (Taczanowski, 1874) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. analiae'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. andamanensis'' Tikader, 1977 (Transferred to ''

Meotipa ''Meotipa'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1895. Species it contains twenty two species, found in Asia, Papua New Guinea, and on the Pacific Islands: *'' Meotipa andamanensis'' ( Tikader, 1 ...

'') *''A. angulipalpis'' (Thorell, 1877) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. anomalus'' (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936) (Transferred to ''

Synotaxus ''Synotaxus'' is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Synotaxidae that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1895. Originally placed with the tangle web spiders, it was moved to the family Synotaxidae in 2017. Description Spid ...

'') *''A. argenteolus'' (Simon, 1873) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. argentiopunctatus'' Rainbow, 1916 (Transferred to ''

Thwaitesia ''Thwaitesia'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1881. The genus is named after George Henry Kendrick Thwaites. ''T. affinis'' females are long, and males are long. ''T. bracteata'' a ...

'') *''A. argyrodiformis'' (Yaginuma, 1952) (Transferred to ''Meotipa'') *''A. arthuri'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. atopus'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. baboquivari'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''

Neospintharus ''Neospintharus'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by H. Exline in 1950. It was synonymized with '' Argyrodes'' in 1962, but revalidated in 2004. Species it contains thirteen species, found in the Caribbean, South Amer ...

'') *''A. barycephalus'' Roberts, 1983 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. birgitae'' (Strand, 1917) (Transferred to ''

Ariamnes Ariamnes I ( ''Ariámnēs''; fl. 4th century BC; ruled 362–350 BC) was satrap of Cappadocia under Persian suzerainty. Son of Datames and father of Ariarathes I and his brother Orophernes (Holophernes), Diodorus states that Ariamnes governed ...

'') *''A. bryantae'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. campestratus'' (Simon, 1903) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. canariensis'' (Schmidt, 1956) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. cancellatus'' (Hentz, 1850) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. carnicobarensis'' Tikader, 1977 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. caronae'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. caudatus'' (Taczanowski, 1874) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. ceraosus'' Zhu & Song, 1991 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. chicaensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. chickeringi'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. cochleaformus'' (Exline, 1945) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. colubrinus'' (Keyserling, 1890) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. cometes'' (L. Koch, 1872) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. concisus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. conus'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. convolutus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. cordillera'' (Exline, 1945) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. corniger'' (Simon, 1900) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. cristinae'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. crucinotus'' Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 (Transferred to ''

Leucauge ''Leucauge'' is a spider genus of long-jawed orb weavers, with over 160 species and fully pantropical distribution. The genus was first documented in Scottish zoologist Adam White's 1841 ''Description of new or little known Arachnida''. Charl ...

'') *''A. cubensis'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. cylindricus'' Franganillo, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. cylindrogaster'' (Simon, 1889) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. darlingtoni'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. davisi'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. delicatulus'' (Simon, 1883) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. dracus'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. duckensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. ecaudatus'' (Keyserling, 1884) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. exiguus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. fictilium'' (Hentz, 1850) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. flagellum'' (Doleschall, 1857) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. flagellum'' (Simon, 1901) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. flavonotatus'' (Urquhart, 1890) (Transferred to '' Tekelloides'') *''A. floridanus'' Banks, 1900 (Transferred to ''

Coleosoma ''Coleosoma'' is a genus of Theridiidae, comb-footed spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1882. Species it contains ten species, found all over the world: *''Coleosoma acutiventer'' (Eugen von Keyserling, Keyserling, ...

'') *''A. frontatus'' Banks, 1908 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. fulvus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. fur'' Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. gansuensis'' Zhu, 1998 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. gapensis'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. gertschi'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. globosus'' Keyserling, 1884 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. godmani'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. haitensis'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. helminthoides'' (Simon, 1907) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. huangsangensis'' Yin, Peng & Bao, 2004 (Transferred to '' Spheropistha'') *''A. hyrcanus'' Logunov & Marusik, 1990 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. iguazuensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. indignus'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. irroratus'' (Thorell, 1898) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. jamaicensis'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. jeanneli'' (Berland, 1920) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. labiatus'' Zhu & Song, 1991 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. lactifer'' (Simon, 1909) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. laraensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. leonensis'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. levii'' Zhu & Song, 1991 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. longispinus'' Saito, 1933 (Transferred to ''

Cyclosa ''Cyclosa'', also called trashline orbweavers, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Anton Menge in 1866. Widely distributed worldwide, spiders of the genus ''Cyclosa'' build relatively small orb webs with a web decoration. The w ...

'') *''A. longissimus'' (Keyserling, 1891) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. longus'' (Kulczyński, 1905) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. manta'' (Exline, 1945) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. mariae'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. martinae'' (Exline, 1950) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. melanosoma'' (Yaginuma, 1957) (Transferred to ''Spheropistha'') *''A. metaltissimus'' (Soares & Camargo, 1948) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. mexicanus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. miyashitai'' Tanikawa, 1998 (Transferred to ''Spheropistha'') *''A. monoceros'' (Caporiacco, 1947) (Transferred to ''Synotaxus'') *''A. montanus'' Keyserling, 1884 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. morretensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. nasicus'' (Simon, 1873) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. nataliae'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. nigronodosus'' Rainbow, 1912 (Transferred to ''Thwaitesia'') *''A. nigroris'' Yoshida, Tso & Severinghaus, 2000 (Transferred to ''Spheropistha'') *''A. nipponicus'' Kumada, 1990 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. obscurus'' Keyserling, 1884 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. orbitus'' Zhu, 1998 (Transferred to ''Spheropistha'') *''A. oris'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. ornatissimus'' (Dyal, 1935) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. pachysomus'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. palmarensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. paradoxus'' Taczanowski, 1873 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. parvior'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. parvus'' (Exline, 1950) (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. patersoniensis'' (Hickman, 1927) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. pavesii'' (Leardi, 1902) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. peruensis'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. pignalitoensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. pizai'' (Soares & Camargo, 1948) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. plaumanni'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. pozonae'' (Schenkel, 1953) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. proboscifer'' (Exline, 1945) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. pulcher'' (Soares & Camargo, 1948) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. pusillus'' Saaristo, 1978 (Transferred to '' Argyrodella'') *''A. quasiobtusus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. recurvatus'' Saaristo, 1978 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. remotus'' (Bryant, 1940) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. rhomboides'' Yin, Peng & Bao, 2004 (Transferred to ''Spheropistha'') *''A. rigidus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. rioensis'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. rorerae'' (Exline, 1945) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. rossi'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. rostratus'' (Simon, 1873) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. rufopictus'' (Thorell, 1895) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. russulus'' (Simon, 1903) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. saganus'' (Dönitz & Strand, 1906) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. schlingeri'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. setipes'' (Hasselt, 1882) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. sicki'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. simoni'' (Petrunkevitch, 1911) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. sinicus'' Zhu & Song, 1991 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. sinuatus'' (Schenkel, 1953) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. sjostedti'' (Tullgren, 1910) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. socius'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. solidao'' Levi, 1967 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. spinicaudatus'' (Keyserling, 1884) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. spinosus'' (Badcock, 1932) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. spinosus'' Keyserling, 1884 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. striatus'' Keyserling, 1891 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. subflavus'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. sullana'' (Exline, 1945) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. taeter'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. tanikawai'' (Yoshida, 2001) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. triangularis'' Taczanowski, 1873 (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. triangulatus'' (Urquhart, 1887) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. triangulus'' (Thorell, 1887) (Transferred to ''Ariamnes'') *''A. trigonum'' (Hentz, 1850) (Transferred to ''Neospintharus'') *''A. trituberculatus'' Becker, 1879 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. ululabilis'' Keyserling, 1891 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. urquharti'' (Bryant, 1933) (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. v-notatus'' (Petrunkevitch, 1925) (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. vadoensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. velhaensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Rhomphaea'') *''A. vexus'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. vittatulus'' (Roewer, 1942) (Transferred to ''Chrysso'') *''A. woytkowskii'' Exline & Levi, 1962 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. xiphias'' Thorell, 1887 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. yacuiensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'') *''A. yesoensis'' Saito, 1934 (Transferred to ''

Octonoba ''Octonoba'' is a genus of Asian cribellate orb weavers first described in 1979 by Brent Opell. Members of this genus and those of '' Purumitra'' both have a large concave median apophysis and a conspicuous hematodocha. However, these spiders a ...

'') *''A. yutoensis'' González & Carmen, 1996 (Transferred to ''Faiditus'')

Nomina dubia In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium,'' it may be impossible to determine whether a ...

*''A. meus'' Strand, 1907 *''A. silvicola'' Saito, 1934

Gallery

References

External links

Photos of Argyrodes in Portugal
*https://www.archentoflor.com/araign%E9e%20acronale.html {{Authority control Theridiidae genera Cosmopolitan spiders Theridiidae Taxa named by Eugène Simon