municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality' ...
in
Agder
Agder is a counties of Norway, county () and districts of Norway, traditional region in the southern part of Norway and is coextensive with the Southern Norway region. The county was established on 1 January 2020, when the old Vest-Agder and Au ...
county
A county () is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesL. Brookes (ed.) '' Chambers Dictionary''. Edinburgh: Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2005. in some nations. The term is derived from the Old French denoti ...
in southeastern
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...
. Arendal belongs to the
region
In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and ...
of
Sørlandet
Southern Norway (; lit. "The Southland") is the geographical List of regions of Norway, region (''landsdel'') along the Skagerrak coast of southern Norway. The region is an informal description since it does not have any governmental function ...
. The
administrative centre
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located.
In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgi ...
of the municipality is the city of Arendal (which is also the seat of
Agder
Agder is a counties of Norway, county () and districts of Norway, traditional region in the southern part of Norway and is coextensive with the Southern Norway region. The county was established on 1 January 2020, when the old Vest-Agder and Au ...
county). Some of the notable villages in Arendal include
Rykene
Rykene or Rygene is a village located along the river Nidelva in Agder county, Norway. The village is primarily located in Arendal municipality, but a small portion of the village lies across the river in the neighboring municipality of Grimstad. ...
,
Eydehavn
Eydehavn or Eydehamn is a village in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. The village is located about northeast of the centre of the town of Arendal, about northeast of the village of Saltrød, about south of the village of ...
Strengereid
Strengereid is a village in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. It is located along the Norwegian County Road 410, about northeast of the village of Eydehavn and just west of the island of Flostaøya. The village of Sagene lies ...
,
Kongshavn
Kongshavn is a neighbourhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It's located in the borough of Oddernes and in the district of Randesund. The neighborhood of Frikstad lies to the north and Tømmerstø
Tømmerstø is a neighbou ...
,
Kilsund
Kilsund is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the island of Tverrdalsøya, although the village has grown over the bridge onto the nearby island of Flostaøya a short distance to the south. The vil ...
,
Brattekleiv
Brattekleiv is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the Galtesundet strait
A strait is a water body connecting two seas or water basins. The surface water is, for the most part, at the s ...
Saltrød
Saltrød is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the Norwegian County Road 410, about northeast of the town of Arendal and about southwest of the village of Eydehavn. The village lies along th ...
,
Staubø
Staubø is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the western shore of the island of Tverrdalsøya. Staubø lies immediately north of the large village of Kilsund and about northwest of the village of ...
Kolbjørnsvik
Kolbjørnsvik is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the northern part of the island of Hisøya, across the harbour from the town of Arendal. The village of His
His or HIS may refer to:
Comput ...
. The offices of
UNEP/GRID-Arendal
GRID-Arendal is a United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment, or UNEP) partner, located in Arendal, Norway. The Norwegian government created AGRID-Arendal years ago.
GRID-Arendal informed there would be 50 million climate refugees by ...
are also located in the city of Arendal.
The municipality is the 273rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Arendal is the 24th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 45,891. The municipality's
population density
Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...
is and its population has increased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
Municipal history
The town of Arendal was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see
formannskapsdistrikt
() was the name of a Norwegian self-governing municipality. The name was used from the establishment these municipalities in 1838 until the name fell out of use in 1863.
The municipalities had their legal basis from two laws enacted on 14 Jan ...
law). On 1 January 1875, a small area with 22 inhabitants was transferred from the town to the neighboring municipality of Østre Moland and another small area with 52 residents was transferred to the neighboring municipality of
Øyestad
Øyestad is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Aust-Agder Counties of Norway, county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until 1992, when it was merged into the present-day municipality of Arenda ...
.
On 1 January 1902, the rural municipality of Barbu (population: 6,787) was merged into the town of Arendal. In 1944, a small area of
Moland
Moland is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1962 until 1992 when it was merged into the present-day municipality of Arendal which is located in what is now Agder county. The administrati ...
with a population of 21 inhabitants was transferred to Arendal as well. On 1 January 1992, the town was vastly expanded. The neighboring rural municipalities of
Hisøy
Hisøy (historically: ''Hisø'') is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1881 until 1992 when it was merged into the municipality of Arendal in what is now Agder county. At the time of i ...
(pop: 4,026),
Moland
Moland is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1962 until 1992 when it was merged into the present-day municipality of Arendal which is located in what is now Agder county. The administrati ...
(pop: 8,148),
Tromøy
Tromøy (historic: ''Tromø'') is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1878 until its dissolution in 1992. The municipal area is now part of the municipality of Arendal in Agder county. Th ...
(pop: 4,711), and
Øyestad
Øyestad is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Aust-Agder Counties of Norway, county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until 1992, when it was merged into the present-day municipality of Arenda ...
(pop: 8,679) were all merged with the town of Arendal which had a population of 12,478, bringing the total population of the new municipality of Arendal to 38,042.
Origin of the name
The
Old Norse
Old Norse, also referred to as Old Nordic or Old Scandinavian, was a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants ...
form of the name was probably . The first element is the
genitive case
In grammar, the genitive case ( abbreviated ) is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun—thus indicating an attributive relationship of one noun to the other noun. A genitive ca ...
of which means "
eagle
Eagle is the common name for the golden eagle, bald eagle, and other birds of prey in the family of the Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of Genus, genera, some of which are closely related. True eagles comprise the genus ''Aquila ( ...
". The last element is which means "
valley
A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains and typically containing a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over ...
" or "dale", thus meaning the "valley of the eagle".
A link for the name also has been theorized to the Vasconic substrate hypothesis, for similarity to placenames like
Val d'Aran
Aran (; ; ) (often known as the Aran Valley, or Val d'Aran in Aranese Occitan; in other forms of Occitan: ''Vath d'Aran'' or ''Vau d'Aran'', in Catalan: ''Vall d'Aran'', in Spanish: ''Valle de Arán'') is an autonomous administrative entity (form ...
and
Arundel
Arundel ( ) is a market town and civil parish in the Arun District of the South Downs, West Sussex, England.
The much-conserved town has a medieval castle and Roman Catholic cathedral. Arundel has a museum and comes second behind much la ...
.
Coat of arms
The
coat of arms
A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...
was granted on 7 November 1924 (based upon an older seal). The
blazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct an accurate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visual d ...
is ''"Per fess,
Azure
Azure may refer to:
Color
* Azure (color), a hue of blue
** Azure (heraldry)
** Shades of azure, shades and variations
Arts and media
* ''Azure'' (Art Farmer and Fritz Pauer album), 1987
* Azure (Gary Peacock and Marilyn Crispell album), 2013
* ...
with a three-masted ship argent over barry wavy of seven
argent
In heraldry, argent () is the tincture of silver, and belongs to the class of light tinctures called "metals". It is very frequently depicted as white and usually considered interchangeable with it. In engravings and line drawings, regions to b ...
and
azure
Azure may refer to:
Color
* Azure (color), a hue of blue
** Azure (heraldry)
** Shades of azure, shades and variations
Arts and media
* ''Azure'' (Art Farmer and Fritz Pauer album), 1987
* Azure (Gary Peacock and Marilyn Crispell album), 2013
* ...
"''. This means the arms have a blue
field
Field may refer to:
Expanses of open ground
* Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes
* Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport
* Battlefield
* Lawn, an area of mowed grass
* Meadow, a grass ...
(background) and the
charge
Charge or charged may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Films
* ''Charge, Zero Emissions/Maximum Speed'', a 2011 documentary
Music
* ''Charge'' (David Ford album)
* ''Charge'' (Machel Montano album)
* '' Charge!!'', an album by The Aqu ...
is an 18th-century, three-masted
sailing ship
A sailing ship is a sea-going vessel that uses sails mounted on Mast (sailing), masts to harness the power of wind and propel the vessel. There is a variety of sail plans that propel sailing ships, employing Square rig, square-rigged or Fore-an ...
above seven, thin, wavy stripes. The charge has a
tincture
A tincture is typically an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%.Groot Handboek Geneeskrachtige Planten by Geert Verhelst In chemistr ...
of
argent
In heraldry, argent () is the tincture of silver, and belongs to the class of light tinctures called "metals". It is very frequently depicted as white and usually considered interchangeable with it. In engravings and line drawings, regions to b ...
which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The arms usually have a gold
mural crown
A mural crown () is a Crown (headgear), crown or headpiece representing city walls, fortified tower, towers, or fortresses. In classical antiquity, it was an emblem of tutelary deities who watched over a city, and among the ancient Rome, Romans ...
above the shield. The design was chosen as a symbol for the importance of
fisheries
Fishery can mean either the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish and other aquatic life or, more commonly, the site where such enterprise takes place ( a.k.a., fishing grounds). Commercial fisheries include wild fisheries and fish farm ...
and
sailing
Sailing employs the wind—acting on sails, wingsails or kites—to propel a craft on the surface of the ''water'' (sailing ship, sailboat, raft, Windsurfing, windsurfer, or Kitesurfing, kitesurfer), on ''ice'' (iceboat) or on ''land'' (Land sa ...
to the local economy. A ship appeared on the oldest known seal of the town, dating back to the 17th century. In the late 19th and early 20th century the arms showed the
ship
A ship is a large watercraft, vessel that travels the world's oceans and other Waterway, navigable waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research and fishing. Ships are generally disti ...
in the upper part and a landscape with the
coat of arms of Norway
The coat of arms of Norway is the arms of dominion of King Harald V of Norway, and as such represents both the monarch and the Norway, kingdom (nation and the state). It depicts a standing Or (heraldry), golden lion (heraldry), lion on a Gules, r ...
in the base of the
shield
A shield is a piece of personal armour held in the hand, which may or may not be strapped to the wrist or forearm. Shields are used to intercept specific attacks, whether from close-ranged weaponry like spears or long ranged projectiles suc ...
. The arms were designed by Miss C. Aubert who based it off a draft by Fred Barth. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.
Churches
The
Church of Norway
The Church of Norway (, , , ) is an Lutheranism, evangelical Lutheran denomination of Protestant Christianity and by far the largest Christian church in Norway. Christianity became the state religion of Norway around 1020, and was established a ...
has six parishes () within the municipality of Arendal. It is part of the
Arendal prosti
Several Church of Norway churches are in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark in Norway. This list includes all of the parishes in Agder and Telemark counties. The diocese is based at the Kristiansand Cathedral in the city of Kristiansand (town), Kris ...
(
deanery
A deanery (or decanate) is an ecclesiastical entity in the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, the Evangelical Church in Germany, and the Church of Norway. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residence of ...
) in the
Diocese of Agder og Telemark
The Diocese of Agder og Telemark () is a diocese of the Church of Norway, covering all of Agder county and Telemark county in Norway. The cathedral city is Kristiansand, Norway's fifth largest city. Kristiansand Cathedral serves as the seat of t ...
.
History
The village of Arendal was established in the middle of the 16th century, and was then called ''Arendall''. Initially, it had no formal town status.
When the town of Christianssand was founded by King
Christian IV
Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest in Scandinavian history.
A member of the H ...
in 1641, he granted the citizens a monopoly on all trade in Nedenæs and Lister og Mandal counties (including the area of Arendal). This grant, intended to subsidize Christianssand and its fortifications, placed existing towns in a difficult position. Both towns and the peasants in the rural countryside protested the hardships this caused. As a result, Arendal received royal permission in 1622 to continue as a loading-place for timber until a means could be found to transfer its trade to Christianssand.
The town of Arendal was given market city privileges in 1723. However the peasants in the surrounding district, who by law were to sell their goods only at Arendal, were smuggling their goods out on cutters and selling them in
Denmark
Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous a ...
, in the
Baltic
Baltic may refer to:
Peoples and languages
*Baltic languages, a subfamily of Indo-European languages, including Lithuanian, Latvian and extinct Old Prussian
*Balts (or Baltic peoples), ethnic groups speaking the Baltic languages and/or originatin ...
, and in
Great Britain
Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland, and Wales. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the List of European ...
.
This continued until 1735, when Arendal was granted a full town charter. This charter, combined with Danish imposition of a monopoly on grain imports, caused great
poverty
Poverty is a state or condition in which an individual lacks the financial resources and essentials for a basic standard of living. Poverty can have diverse Biophysical environmen ...
and starvation among the peasants in the surrounding districts, leading to several famous rebellions.
As a result of the rebellions, the age of privileges for towns like Christianssand and Arendal came to an apparent end in 1768 by royal
proclamation
A proclamation (Lat. ''proclamare'', to make public by announcement) is an official declaration issued by a person of authority to make certain announcements known. Proclamations are currently used within the governing framework of some nations ...
Vestre Moland
Vestre Moland is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Møglestu where the Vestre Moland Church is located. The municipality existed from 1838 until 19 ...
led a rebellion in 1786 which resulted in the government actually remedying some of the most repressive trade policies, but Lofthus died in prison. The charges against Lofthus were that he dealt in grain and other commodities to the detriment to Arendal's privileges.
Shipping
Freight transport, also referred to as freight forwarding, is the physical process of transporting commodities and merchandise goods and cargo. The term shipping originally referred to transport by sea but in American English, it has been ...
,
shipbuilding
Shipbuilding is the construction of ships and other Watercraft, floating vessels. In modern times, it normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation th ...
, and
timber
Lumber is wood that has been processed into uniform and useful sizes (dimensional lumber), including beams and planks or boards. Lumber is mainly used for construction framing, as well as finishing (floors, wall panels, window frames). ...
trade as well as
mining
Mining is the Resource extraction, extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agriculture, agricultural processes, or feasib ...
and
ironworks
An ironworks or iron works is an industrial plant where iron is smelted and where heavy iron and steel products are made. The term is both singular and plural, i.e. the singular of ''ironworks'' is ''ironworks''.
Ironworks succeeded bloome ...
were important branches of industry in Nedenæs county for many centuries, especially in the Arendal region. Frequent contacts with the world abroad put their mark on the local culture and traditions. In 1880, it was the country's biggest port in terms of tonnage handled. At the end of the 19th century, Arendal was recognized as a major shipping centre with many wealthy shipowners. However, this came to an end following the 1886 Arendal crash, in which Axel Nicolai Herlofson had defrauded many bank customers in the city, leading to bankruptcies and extreme unemployment. At one point in the middle of the 18th century, Arendal was one of Norway's biggest mining towns. The main production consisted of
iron ore
Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the f ...
and
magnetite
Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula . It is one of the iron oxide, oxides of iron, and is ferrimagnetism, ferrimagnetic; it is attracted to a magnet and can be magnetization, magnetized to become a ...
.
Around the turn of the twentieth century, when thousands of Norwegians sought to take advantage of the more stable economic climate of the
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
by emigrating, many of those from Arendal took their economic traditions with them. In New York City and the surrounding areas, a great deal of Americans who claim Norwegian ancestry can trace their roots to Arendal, as a great deal of Norwegian sailors, trimmers, shipbuilders, and carpenters from Arendal settled in areas of New York such as
Brooklyn
Brooklyn is a Boroughs of New York City, borough of New York City located at the westernmost end of Long Island in the New York (state), State of New York. Formerly an independent city, the borough is coextensive with Kings County, one of twelv ...
Staten Island
Staten Island ( ) is the southernmost of the boroughs of New York City, five boroughs of New York City, coextensive with Richmond County and situated at the southernmost point of New York (state), New York. The borough is separated from the ad ...
), and several industrial centers in northern
New Jersey
New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...
such as
Jersey City
Jersey City is the List of municipalities in New Jersey, second-most populous
Perth Amboy
Perth Amboy is a city in northeastern Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, within the New York Metro Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 55,436. Perth Amboy is known as the "City by the Bay", re ...
, and
Elizabeth
Elizabeth or Elisabeth may refer to:
People
* Elizabeth (given name), a female given name (including people with that name)
* Empress Elisabeth (disambiguation), lists various empresses named ''Elisabeth'' or ''Elizabeth''
* Princess Elizabeth ...
. In 1939, Arendal had the 4th largest Norwegian tanker fleet; only
Oslo
Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,064,235 in 2022 ...
,
Bergen
Bergen (, ) is a city and municipalities of Norway, municipality in Vestland county on the Western Norway, west coast of Norway. Bergen is the list of towns and cities in Norway, second-largest city in Norway after the capital Oslo.
By May 20 ...
, and
Stavanger
Stavanger, officially the Stavanger Municipality, is a city and municipalities of Norway, municipality in Norway. It is the third largest city and third largest metropolitan area in Norway (through conurbation with neighboring Sandnes) and the ...
were larger.
During the German invasion of Norway on 9 April 1940, Arendal was captured by the German torpedo boat ''Greif''.
Today, the town has small boat manufacturing, mechanical industry, electronics industry, as well as one of the world's largest
silicon carbide
Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A wide bandgap semiconductor, it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite, but has been mass-produced as a powder a ...
refining plants.
The municipality had a prison ( Arendal Prison), however Agder Prison opened in 2020; Arendal Prison was sold the next year.
Government
Arendal Municipality is responsible for
primary education
Primary education is the first stage of Education, formal education, coming after preschool/kindergarten and before secondary education. Primary education takes place in ''primary schools'', ''elementary schools'', or first schools and middle s ...
(through 10th grade), outpatient
health services
Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement or maintenance of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wikt:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physic ...
,
senior citizen
Old age is the range of ages for people nearing and surpassing life expectancy. People who are of old age are also referred to as: old people, elderly, elders, senior citizens, seniors or older adults. Old age is not a definite biological sta ...
services,
welfare
Welfare may refer to:
Philosophy
*Well-being (happiness, prosperity, or flourishing) of a person or group
* Utility in utilitarianism
* Value in value theory
Economics
* Utility, a general term for individual well-being in economics and decision ...
and other
social services
Social services are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the disadvantaged. Also available amachine-converted HTML They may be provided by individuals, private and i ...
,
zoning
In urban planning, zoning is a method in which a municipality or other tier of government divides land into land-use "zones", each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. Zones may be defined for ...
,
economic development
In economics, economic development (or economic and social development) is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and object ...
, and municipal
road
A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved.
Th ...
s and utilities. The municipality is governed by a
municipal council
A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, borough cou ...
mayor
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...
is
indirectly elected
An indirect election or ''hierarchical voting,'' is an election in which voters do not choose directly among candidates or parties for an office ( direct voting system), but elect people who in turn choose candidates or parties. It is one of the o ...
by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the
Agder District Court
Agder District Court () is a district court located in Agder county, Norway. This court is based at three different courthouses which are located in Farsund, Kristiansand, and Arendal. The court is subordinate to the Agder Court of Appeal. The co ...
and the
Agder Court of Appeal
The Agder Court of Appeal () is one of six courts of appeal in the Kingdom of Norway. The Court is located in the town of Skien. The court has jurisdiction over the counties of Vestfold og Telemark and Agder (except for Sirdal Municipality which ...
.
Municipal council
The
municipal council
A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, borough cou ...
() of Arendal is made up of 39 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political
party
A party is a gathering of people who have been invited by a Hospitality, host for the purposes of socializing, conversation, recreation, or as part of a festival or other commemoration or celebration of a special occasion. A party will oft ...
.
Mayors
The
mayors
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...
() of Arendal:
* 1838–1861: Morten Smith Dedekam
* 1861–1861: Wilhelm Foss
* 1862–1862: Johannes Westergaard
* 1863–1870: Tollef Omholt
* 1871–1871: Anders D. Geelmuyden
* 1872–1878: Ole Schrøder ( H)
* 1879–1879: Peter L. Lund
* 1880–1884: Ole Schrøder ( H)
* 1885–1886: Ove S. Andersen
* 1887–1895: Thorvald Christian Christensen ( H)
* 1896–1898: Claus Bomhoff Evensen
* 1899–1901:
Johan Henrik Kintzell Frøstrup Johan may refer to:
* Johan (given name)
* ''Johan'' (1921 film), a Swedish film directed by Mauritz Stiller
* Johan (2005 film), a Dutch romantic comedy film
* Johan (band), a Dutch pop-group
** ''Johan'' (album), a 1996 album by the group
* Joh ...
( H)
* 1902–1907: Axel Smith ( H)
* 1908–1913: Hans Schrøder
* 1914–1916: Michael Blom Bakke
* 1917–1919: Josef Hammer
* 1920–1924: Ove Andersen ( H)
* 1925–1925:
Halvor Løvold
Halvor Løvold (14 May 1875–20 Oct 1950) was a Norwegian naval officer and politician.
He was born in Øyestad to merchant Thomas Løvold and Birgithe Jensen. From 1907 to 1945 he was appointed managing director in Arendals Dampskibsselskab. He ...
( H)
* 1926–1931: Oscar Lundegaard
* 1932–1934: Nicolai B. Herlofson
* 1935–1940: Niels Sødring Barth
* 1941–1941: Konrad M. Havig
* 1941–1942: Sigurd Saxlund ( NS)
* 1943–1944: Eystein Knutzon ( NS)
* 1945–1945: Carl Hansen ( NS)
* 1945–1945: Niels Sødring Barth
* 1946–1947:
Ola Solberg
Ola Solberg (4 March 1886 – 1977) was a Norwegian newspaper editor and politician for the Labour Party.
He was born in Heradsbygd as a son of painter and smallholder Otto Solberg (1861–1928) and his wife Olava Oppegaard (1863–1942). He s ...
( Ap)
* 1948–1967: Jens T. Thommesen ( H)
* 1968–1971: Stian W. Erichsen ( V)
* 1972–1987: Ørnulf G. Christensen ( H)
* 1988–1991: Ivar Bollmann Pedersen ( Ap)
* 1992–1995: Einar Livolden ( Sp)
* 1996–1999: Sigurd Ledaal ( H)
* 2000–2003: Alf Eivind Ljøstad ( KrF)
* 2003–2011: Torill Rolstad Larsen ( Ap)
* 2011–2015: Einar Halvorsen ( H)
* 2015–present: Robert Cornels Nordli ( Ap)
Geography
The municipality is bordered to the southwest by
Grimstad
Grimstad () is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It belongs to the geographical region of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center of the municipality is the Grimstad (to ...
, to the northwest by
Froland
Froland is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is part of the Districts of Norway, traditional region of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center is the village of Blakst ...
, to the northeast by
Tvedestrand
is List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is located in the Districts of Norway, traditional district of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center is the Tvedestrand (town), t ...
, and to the southeast by the
Skaggerak
The Skagerrak (; , , ) is a strait running between the North Jutlandic Island of Denmark, the east coast of Norway and the west coast of Sweden, connecting the North Sea and the Kattegat sea.
The Skagerrak contains some of the busiest shipping ...
. The lake Rore is located on the Grimstad border along with the river
Nidelva
Nidelva is a river in Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway. The name of the long river translates to "the River Nid" since the suffix ''elva'' is the Norwegian language, Norwegian word for "the river".
Location
The Nidelva starts at the Hytt ...
.
Arendal is the geologic type locality of the mineral
Babingtonite
Babingtonite is a calcium iron manganese inosilicate mineral with the formula . It is unusual in that iron(III) completely replaces the aluminium so typical of silicate minerals. It is a very dark green to black translucent (in thin crystals or spl ...
, which was first described from specimens discovered here in 1824.
The coastal municipality includes several populated islands such as
Hisøya
Hisøya or Hisøy (historically: ''Hisøen'') is an island in Agder county, Norway. The island has been part of the municipality of Arendal since 1992. The main village areas on the island are Kolbjørnsvik, His, Slåbervig, and Sandviga. The ...
,
Tromøya
Tromøya () or Tromøy () (historic: ''Tromø'') is the largest island in Southern Norway. The island is entirely located in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. The island has about 5,300 residents (in 2015) which gives it a p ...
,
Merdø
Merdø is an island in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies along the Skagerrak coast, near the entrance to the Galtesundet, the main shipping channel leading to the town of Arendal on the mainland. The islands of Tro ...
,
Flostaøya
Flostaøya is an island in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies along the Skaggerak coast between the islands of Tromøy (island), Tromøy to the southwest and Tverrdalsøya to the northeast. The island lies about nort ...
, and
Tverrdalsøya
Tverrdalsøya is an island in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies between the Oksefjorden, Eikelandsfjorden, and Kilsundet straits just off the mainland coast at the entrance to the Tvedestrandsfjorden which leads nor ...
as well as many unpopulated or sparsely populated islands such as
Ærøya
Ærøya is an unpopulated island in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies along the Skaggerak coast about south of the larger island of Hisøya
Hisøya or Hisøy (historically: ''Hisøen'') is an island in Agder coun ...
. The island of
Merdø
Merdø is an island in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies along the Skagerrak coast, near the entrance to the Galtesundet, the main shipping channel leading to the town of Arendal on the mainland. The islands of Tro ...
was a major export port in the 17th and 18th centuries and now has a
museum
A museum is an institution dedicated to displaying or Preservation (library and archive), preserving culturally or scientifically significant objects. Many museums have exhibitions of these objects on public display, and some have private colle ...
, a kiosk, and several beaches. There is regular boat service from Arendal to the island every day during the summer season.
Economy
In 2018 the service sector had 82% of the jobs in the municipality. As of 2020, part of the site for Eyde Energipark, an
industrial park
An industrial park, also known as industrial estate or trading estate, is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more heavyweight version of a business park or office par ...
, has been leveled: 100 '' maal'' or 100,000 sq.m. has been leveled for the first phase of construction of a battery factory (for car batteries and ship batteries), scheduled for 2023.
Attractions
Townscape
In the middle of the town centre of Arendal is an area with wooden houses dating back to the 17th century. This area is called Tyholmen, and is what is left of buildings from before the 19th century. The inner harbour of Arendal is called "Pollen", where the fish market, pubs, and restaurants are located. Trinity Church dominates the skyline of this area.
Arendal has grown from a traditional sleepy summer-town (with culture activities just in the summer) to a more "all year" city. The building of the new library and the combined city hall/concert house has greatly improved culture life.
Store Torungen
Store Torungen Lighthouse () is a coastal lighthouse on the island of Store Torungen in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. This lighthouse, together with the nearby Lille Torungen Lighthouse, mark the entrance from the Skagger ...
outside Arendal. It was constructed in 1844 and electrified in 1914. It is high and contains a 2nd order lens. It is reachable by a 55-minute boat trip from the town centre. The lighthouse is still in use.
The Lille Torungen Lighthouse is situated on the small island of
Lille Torungen
Lille Torungen Lighthouse () is a coastal lighthouse on the island of Lille Torungen in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. This lighthouse, together with the nearby Store Torungen Lighthouse, mark the entrance from the Skagger ...
outside Arendal. The lighthouse is high. Lille Torungen and Store Torungen were constructed as twin lighthouses, and both are located in the Arendal
shipping lane
A sea lane, sea road or shipping lane is a regularly used navigable route for large water vessels (ships) on wide waterways such as oceans and large lakes, and is preferably safe, direct and economic. During the Age of Sail, they were determined ...
Strømsbo gård is a manor house on a historic farm located west of the center of Arendal. The manor dates from the 1760s. From 1804 the manor and farm were owned by members of the Herlofson family. Peter Herlofson took over the farm and gave the building its present form. In 1883, Axel Herlofsen (1845–1910) built the Strømsbo steam sawmill at the head of Strømsbubukt. Nicolai Benjamin Herlofson (1876–1945), former mayor of Arendal, was born and raised at Strømsbo.
Music festivals
*
Canal Street
Canal Street may refer to:
Places United Kingdom
* Canal Street (Manchester), Manchester, England
* Canal Street, Oxford, Jericho, Oxford, England
United States
* Canal Street (Buffalo), a street and district at the western terminus of the Er ...
is Arendals yearly
jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its roots are in blues, ragtime, European harmony, African rhythmic rituals, spirituals, h ...
and
blues
Blues is a music genre and musical form that originated among African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s. Blues has incorporated spiritual (music), spirituals, work songs, field hollers, Ring shout, shouts, cha ...
festival during the summer. It has been arranged since 1996, at that time by the name of Arendal Jazz and Blues Festival. The popularity of the arrangement has been steadily increasing.
* From 2007 until 2014, the
Hove Festival
The Hove Festival () was a music festival held on the island Tromøya outside of Arendal in southern Norway. It was held for the first time from 26 to 30 June 2007. Running for eight years and at one time the largest music festival in Norway, H ...
was located on the island of
Tromøy
Tromøy (historic: ''Tromø'') is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1878 until its dissolution in 1992. The municipal area is now part of the municipality of Arendal in Agder county. Th ...
just outside Arendal town. It was the largest festival scene in Norway the debut year, and it has an audience capacity of up to 25,000.
Transport
The
European route E18
European route E18 runs between Craigavon, County Armagh, Craigavon in Northern Ireland and Saint Petersburg in Russia, passing through Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden and Finland. It is about in length.
Although the designation implies the ...
highway is a major transportation route through Arendal heading to
Oslo
Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,064,235 in 2022 ...
in the northeast and
Kristiansand
Kristiansand is a city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder county, Norway. The city is the fifth-largest and the municipality is the sixth-largest in Norway, with a population of around 116,000 as of January 2020, following th ...
to the southwest. Other main roads in Arendal include the
Norwegian County Road 407
Norwegian county road 407 (') is a Norwegian county road in Agder county, Norway. The highway runs between the village of Vik in Grimstad municipality and Sponvika on the south side of the city of Arendal in Arendal municipality. Prior to th ...
,
Norwegian County Road 408
Norwegian county road 408 (Fylkesvei 408 or Fv408) is a long Norwegian county road which runs between the villages of Blakstad, Aust-Agder, Blakstad in Froland municipality and Rykene in Arendal municipality. The road roughly follows the river ...
, and
Norwegian County Road 410
Norwegian county road 410 (Fylkesvei 410 or Fv410) is a Norwegian county road which runs for between the Harebakken mall in Arendal municipality and Rødmyr in Tvedestrand municipality. Prior to 2010, this was a Norwegian national road, but ...
Arendalsbanen
The Arendal Line () is a long railway line between Arendal and Simonstad in Norway. At Nelaug, north of Arendal, the line intersects with the Sørland Line. The southern section is electrified and provides a feeder passenger service. The lin ...
runs to
Nelaug
Nelaug is a village in the southern part of the municipality of Ã…mli in Agder county, Norway. The population (2001) was 161. The village lies at east of the Nelaug lake, which is regulated by a hydroelectric power plant. The most notable featu ...
where it connects with the main Sørlandsbanen railway line, which runs between the cities of
Oslo
Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,064,235 in 2022 ...
and
Stavanger
Stavanger, officially the Stavanger Municipality, is a city and municipalities of Norway, municipality in Norway. It is the third largest city and third largest metropolitan area in Norway (through conurbation with neighboring Sandnes) and the ...
.
The ''Setesdal Bilruter'' (on behalf of public transit authority
AKT
Protein kinase B (PKB), also known as Akt, is the collective name of a set of three serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that play key roles in multiple cellular processes such as glucose metabolism, apoptosis, cell proliferation, tra ...
) provides bus connections throughout the Arendal area, the Setesdal region including
Froland
Froland is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is part of the Districts of Norway, traditional region of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center is the village of Blakst ...
, as well as to the neighboring towns of
Grimstad
Grimstad () is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It belongs to the geographical region of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center of the municipality is the Grimstad (to ...
,
Lillesand
Lillesand () is municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative center of the municipality is the town of Lillesand. Some of the larger villages in Lillesand municipality include ...
and
Kristiansand
Kristiansand is a city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder county, Norway. The city is the fifth-largest and the municipality is the sixth-largest in Norway, with a population of around 116,000 as of January 2020, following th ...
, and a handful of their suburbs and outlying villages. A few more destinations can be reached with other bus operators (namely Agder Buss,
Nettbuss
Vy Buss, formerly branded as Nettbuss, is the largest bus company in Norway, owned by Vy. It was established on 10 February 2000 as the continuation of the bus operations from former NSB Biltrafikk. In addition to bus services in major parts o ...
Risør
is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is located on the Skagerrak coast in the Districts of Norway, traditional region of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative centre of Ri ...
,
Tvedestrand
is List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is located in the Districts of Norway, traditional district of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center is the Tvedestrand (town), t ...
,
Oslo
Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,064,235 in 2022 ...
, and
Stavanger
Stavanger, officially the Stavanger Municipality, is a city and municipalities of Norway, municipality in Norway. It is the third largest city and third largest metropolitan area in Norway (through conurbation with neighboring Sandnes) and the ...
Nettbuss express
Vy express, formerly Nettbuss express, is a long distance intercity coach service owned and operated by Vy Buss in Norway and its Swedish subsidiary Vy Travel in Sweden with regular services between the countries' major cities.
Other bus servic ...
(the latter on behalf of Flybussen.no). Ferries run between the city center and the islands of
Hisøya
Hisøya or Hisøy (historically: ''Hisøen'') is an island in Agder county, Norway. The island has been part of the municipality of Arendal since 1992. The main village areas on the island are Kolbjørnsvik, His, Slåbervig, and Sandviga. The ...
and
Tromøya
Tromøya () or Tromøy () (historic: ''Tromø'') is the largest island in Southern Norway. The island is entirely located in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. The island has about 5,300 residents (in 2015) which gives it a p ...
. Arendal does also have an airport, Arendal Airport, Gullknapp, although it does not have any commercial airlines regularly stopping here.
Healthcare
The municipality organises general practitioner services, such as the primary doctor scheme, accident and emergency departments, physiotherapy, public health centers and school medical services, home nursing care, midwifery services and nursing homes or living arrangements for around-the-clock nursing and care. Sørlandet Hospital has a visiting location in Arendal and offers specialist health services in somatics, psychiatry and addiction treatment.
Climate
The climate along the southern coast is temperate. Arendal has a significant amount of rainfall during the year. This is true, even for the driest month. The climate here is classified as temperate oceanic (Cfb by the Köppen-Geiger system). The all-time low is from January 1942, and the all-time high is from June 1995. The average date for the last overnight freeze (low below ) in spring is 11 April and average date for first freeze in autumn is 17 November giving a frost-free season of 219 days (1981-2010 average for Torungen). The data is from Torungen, a coastal station. Only slightly further inland, the winters get colder and the summer days get warmer. With southeasterly airflow in winter, the area can get heavy snowfall, which can interrupt traffic. However, the snow rarely lasts long along the coast.
International relations
Twin towns — sister cities
Arendal has
sister city
A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties.
While there are early examples of inte ...
Harald Eia
Harald Meldal Eia (born 9 February 1966) is a Norwegian comedian, and sociologist. In recent years, Eia has also made TV-documentaries and written books.
Eia became a household name in Norway in the mid-90s and has since then been one of cou ...
and
BÃ¥rd Tufte Johansen
BÃ¥rd Tufte Johansen (born 19 June 1969 in Skien) is a Norway, Norwegian comedian.
Together with Harald Eia, he has authored and participated in several successful Norsk Rikskringkasting, NRK TV series, such as ''U:Natt'' (1994), starring with Mo ...
.
The 2013 Disney film '' Frozen'' is set in a fictional kingdom named Arendelle, which is derived from and loosely based on the city of Arendal.
Notable people
Public service and public thinking
*
Jens Munk
Jens Eriksen Munk (3 June 1579 – 24 June 1628) was a Danish-Norwegian navigator and explorer. He entered into the service of King Christian IV of Denmark-Norway and is most noted for his attempts to find the Northwest Passage.
Early lif ...
(1579–1628), a Dano-Norwegian navigator and explorer who searched for the
Northwest Passage
The Northwest Passage (NWP) is the sea lane between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans through the Arctic Ocean, near the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Arctic Archipelago of Canada. The eastern route along the Arctic ...
to India
*
Andreas Frederik Krieger
Andreas Frederik Krieger (4 October 1817, Kolbjørnsvik – 27 September 1893) was a Danish politician, government minister, professor of law and supreme court judge. He was a member of the National Constitutional Assembly from 1848 to 184 ...
(1817–1893), a politician, government minister, and supreme court judge
* Anton Christian Houen (1823–1894), a teacher, philanthropist, and businessman
*
Yngvar Nielsen
Yngvar Nielsen (29 July 1843, Arendal, Aust-Agder – 2 March 1916) was a Norwegian historian, politician, geographer and pioneer of tourism in Norway.
Background
Nielsen was born in Arendal, Aust-Agder. He was the son of Norwegian Telegrap ...
(1843–1916), a historian, politician, and geographer
*
Sam Eyde
Samuel Eyde (29 October 1866 – 21 June 1940) was a Norwegian engineer and industrialist. He was the founder of both Norsk Hydro and Elkem.
Personal life
Eyde was born in Arendal in Aust-Agder, Norway. He was a son of ship-owner Samuel Eyde ( ...
(1866–1940), an engineer and industrialist who founded
Norsk Hydro
Norsk Hydro ASA (often referred to as just ''Hydro'') is a Norway, Norwegian aluminium and renewable energy company, headquartered in Oslo. It is one of the largest aluminium companies worldwide. It has operations in some 50 countries around th ...
*
Magnus Olsen
Magnus Bernhard Olsen (28 November 1878 – 16 January 1963) was a Norwegian philologist who specialized in Old Norse studies.
Born and raised in Arendal, Olsen received his degrees in philology at Royal Frederick University in Kristiania, ...
(1878–1963), a philologist who specialized in
Old Norse studies
Scandinavian studies or ''Scandinavistics'' is an interdisciplinary academic field of area studies, mainly in the United States and Germany, that primarily focuses on the Scandinavian languages (also known as North Germanic languages) and cultura ...
Alf Dannevig
Alf Nicolay Dannevig (1 May 1886 – 12 September 1960) was a Norwegian marine biologist who specialized on fish, and a local politician. He was the son of sea captain Gunder Mathiesen Dannevig, and the father of writer Birger Dannevig. He managed ...
(1886–1960), a marine biologist and mayor of
Hisøy
Hisøy (historically: ''Hisø'') is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1881 until 1992 when it was merged into the municipality of Arendal in what is now Agder county. At the time of i ...
(1893–1978), a barrister and proponent of women's rights
*
Sigurd Anderson
Sigurd Anderson (January 22, 1904December 21, 1990) was the 19th Governor of South Dakota. Anderson, a Republican from Webster, South Dakota, served in that office from 1951 to 1955.
Early life and education
Anderson was born at Frolands Ver ...
(1904–1990), the 19th
Governor of South Dakota
The governor of South Dakota is the head of government of South Dakota. The governor is elected to a four-year term in even years when there is no presidential election.
The current governor is Larry Rhoden, a member of the Republican Party ...
Lilly Bølviken
Lilly Helena Bølviken (20 March 1914 – 11 September 2011) was a Norwegian judge and women's rights advocate. She became the first woman to be appointed as supreme court justice in Norway in 1968 and previously served as the only female judge o ...
Aksel Lydersen
Aksel L. Lydersen (22 February 1919 – 1 September 1995) was a Norwegian engineer and professor in chemical engineering at the Norwegian Institute of Technology (Norwegian: Norges tekniske høgskole, NTH). He developed the Lydersen method, a ...
(1919–1995), an engineer and professor of
chemical engineering
Chemical engineering is an engineering field which deals with the study of the operation and design of chemical plants as well as methods of improving production. Chemical engineers develop economical commercial processes to convert raw materials ...
knot theory
In topology, knot theory is the study of knot (mathematics), mathematical knots. While inspired by knots which appear in daily life, such as those in shoelaces and rope, a mathematical knot differs in that the ends are joined so it cannot be und ...
*
Grete Faremo
Grete Faremo (born 16 June 1955) is a Norwegian politician, lawyer and business leader. From August 2014 to May 2022, she held the post of Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director of the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS). ...
(born 1955), a politician, lawyer, and business leader
*
Hege Storhaug
Hege Storhaug (born 21 May 1962) is a Norwegian political activist, writer and author. She has been known for her criticism of Islamic cultural practices since the 1990s, and later also opposition to immigration. She formerly worked as a journal ...
(born 1962), a political and human rights activist, journalist, and author
ironworks
An ironworks or iron works is an industrial plant where iron is smelted and where heavy iron and steel products are made. The term is both singular and plural, i.e. the singular of ''ironworks'' is ''ironworks''.
Ironworks succeeded bloome ...
*
Sophie Dedekam
Sophie Dedekam (1 April 18201 June 1894) was a Norwegian composer and diarist, one of the most significant Norwegian women composers of the 19th century, and principally remembered today for a hymn included in the Church of Norway Hymn Book and f ...
(1820–1894), a composer and diarist
* Louis Moe (1857–1945), a painter, illustrator, and writer
*
Tillie Baldwin
Tillie Baldwin (January 11, 1888 – October 23, 1958), born Anna Mathilda Winger, was an American rodeo contestant and performer in Wild West shows. She is credited as being one of the first women to attempt steer wrestling.
Biography
Tillie B ...
(1888–1958), an American
rodeo
Rodeo () is a competitive equestrian sport that arose out of the working practices of cattle herding in Spain and Mexico, expanding throughout the Americas and to other nations. It was originally based on the skills required of the working vaqu ...
contestant and performer in
Wild West shows
Wild West shows were traveling vaudeville performances in the United States and Europe that existed around 1870–1920. The shows began as theatrical stage productions and evolved into open-air shows that depicted romanticized stereotypes of co ...
* Trygve Thorsen (1892–1965), a sculptor of busts and reliefs
*
BÃ¥rd Torstensen
BÃ¥rd Torstensen (born 13 September 1961) is a Norwegian guitarist and record producer, best known as a founder and longtime member of the rap metal band Clawfinger.
Torstensen also plays guitar in the ice skate-country band Melkesyra and the ja ...
(born 1961), a guitarist for
rap metal
Rap metal is a fusion genre that combines hip hop music, hip hop with heavy metal music, heavy metal. It usually consists of heavy metal guitar riffs, funk metal elements, Rapping, rapped vocals and sometimes turntablism, turntables.
History O ...
band
Clawfinger
Clawfinger is a Swedish rap metal band formed in Stockholm in 1989. Considered pioneers of the rap metal genre, the band had their international and commercial breakthrough in 1993 with the release of their debut album, '' Deaf Dumb Blind''. Th ...
*
Karl Ove Knausgård
Karl Ove Knausgård (; born 6 December 1968) is a Norwegian author. He became known worldwide for a series of six autobiographical novels titled '' My Struggle'' (''Min Kamp''). ''The Wall Street Journal'' has described him as "one of the 21st c ...
(born 1968), a writer who was raised on
Tromøya
Tromøya () or Tromøy () (historic: ''Tromø'') is the largest island in Southern Norway. The island is entirely located in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. The island has about 5,300 residents (in 2015) which gives it a p ...
in Arendal
* Finn Iunker (born 1969), a playwright
*
Kristin Danielsen
Kristin Danielsen is a Norwegian orienteering competitor. She won a silver medal in the relay at the 1974 World Orienteering Championships, and two bronze medals in the 1970 World Orienteering Championships
The 3rd World Orienteering Champio ...
(born 1972), a dancer, choreographer, and cultural administrator
*
Øyvind Sauvik
Øyvind Sauvik (born 3 February 1976), better known by his stage name Vinni, is a Norwegian rapper and singer.
Biography
Born in Arendal, Norway, Sauvik moved with his parents to Tanzania when he was three years old, as they worked with develo ...
(born 1976), a hip hop musician
Sport
*
Dan Evensen
Dan Tore Evensen (born June 1, 1974) is a Norwegian mixed martial artist and former K-1 Kickboxer. Evensen has fought for the Ultimate Fighting Championship, Bellator Fighting Championships, and the now defunct BodogFIGHT.
Background
He was a ...
(born 1974), a
mixed martial arts
Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact fighting combat sport, sport based on strike (attack), striking and grappling; incorporating techniques from various combat sports from around the world.
In the early 20th century, various inter-s ...
fighter
*
Monica Knudsen
Monica Knudsen (born 25 March 1975) is a Norwegian football coach and former player who managed Toppserien club LSK Kvinner. As a player, Knudsen was a midfielder who won 87 caps for the Norway women's national football team between 1996 and 2 ...
(born 1975), a former footballer with 87 caps with Norway women and team gold medallist at the
2000 Summer Olympics
The 2000 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXVII Olympiad, officially branded as Sydney 2000, and also known as the Games of the New Millennium, were an international multi-sport event held from 15 September to 1 October ...
*
Øystein Grødum
Øystein Grødum (born 15 February 1977) is a Norwegian speedskater, who is a member of Arendal SK. Grødum competed in the 2006 Winter Olympics for Norway, with fourth place on 10,000 metres as his best place, and won the World Cup on long dist ...
(born 1977), a speedskater who competed in the
2006 Winter Olympics
The 2006 Winter Olympics (), officially the XX Olympic Winter Games () and also known as Torino 2006, were a winter multi-sport event held from 10 to 26 February in Turin, Italy. This marked the second time Italy had hosted the Winter O ...
2006 Winter Olympics
The 2006 Winter Olympics (), officially the XX Olympic Winter Games () and also known as Torino 2006, were a winter multi-sport event held from 10 to 26 February in Turin, Italy. This marked the second time Italy had hosted the Winter O ...
Jan Gunnar Solli
Jan Gunnar Solli (born 19 April 1981) is a Norwegian former professional footballer. He played as a right-back for the most of his career, but also as a defensive midfielder and right winger.
Career
Norway
Solli made his senior debut for Odd ...
HÃ¥vard Vad Petersson
HÃ¥vard Vad Petersson (born 5 January 1984 in Oslo) is a Norway, Norwegian curling, curler from Arendal who was the long time lead for Thomas Ulsrud, Team Thomas Ulsrud."HÃ¥vard Vad Petersson, Curling" (Curling > Athletes). Vancouver Organizing C ...
(born 1984), a curler who was a team silver medallist at the
2010 Winter Olympics
The 2010 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXI Olympic Winter Games () and also known as Vancouver 2010 (), were an international winter multi-sport event held from February 12 to 28, 2010 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, with ...
*
Marte Olsbu Røiseland
Marte Olsbu Røiseland (born 7 December 1990) is a former Norwegian Biathlon, biathlete and 3 time 2018 Winter Olympics, Winter Olympic gold medalist. In addition, she won two Olympic silver medals and two bronze medals. Her world championships a ...
(born 1990), a biathlete and silver medallist at the
2018 Winter Olympics
The 2018 Winter Olympics (), officially the XXIII Olympic Winter Games (; ) and also known as PyeongChang 2018 (), were an international winter multi-sport event held between 9 and 25 February 2018 in Pyeongchang County, South Ko ...
Statistics Norway
Statistics Norway (, abbreviated to ''SSB'') is the Norwegian statistics bureau. It was established in 1876.
Relying on a staff of about 1,000, Statistics Norway publish about 1,000 new statistical releases every year on its web site. All rele ...