Arbois () is a commune in the Jura department, in the

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (; , sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: ''Borgogne-Franche-Comtât'') is a region in eastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region ...

region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and ...

, eastern

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

. The river Cuisance passes through the town, which centres on an arcaded central square where one can sample the local wines.Arbois wine at wine searcher
/ref> The commune has been awarded two flowers by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the competition of Cities and Villages in Bloom.

Geography

Arbois is located some 40 km southwest of

Besançon Besançon (, ; , ; archaic ; ) is the capital of the Departments of France, department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The city is located in Eastern France, close to the Jura Mountains and the border with Switzerland. Capi ...

and 30 km southeast of Dole. With a typical ''Revermont'' landscape, the plain is mainly used for cropping of cereals on medium-sized plots of land. The lower slopes consist mainly of meadows surrounded by small hedges for dairy farming, with some vineyards located in the same area. The rest of the hills is occupied by small vineyards with a few scattered meadows. The top of the hills and the plateau are heavily forested.

Communication and transport

Access to the commune is by Route nationale N83 which comes from Mouchard in the north and passes through the town before continuing south to Buvilly. The D469 goes west from the village to Mathenay and the D107 goes east to Mesnay. The D14 goes north to Villers-Farlay and the D246 goes south to Pupillin. The town is about 40 minutes drive from Dole (35 km), Besançon (48 km) and Lons-le-Saunier (38 km). It takes about 2 hours to reach

Geneva Geneva ( , ; ) ; ; . is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the ca ...

by car, and 1 hour 45 minutes to drive to

Lyon Lyon (Franco-Provençal: ''Liyon'') is a city in France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, Switzerland, north ...

. ;SNCF Arbois The railway station is just north of the town and all TER Franche-Comté (Besançon-Lyon) trains serve this station. The nearest

TGV The TGV (; , , 'high-speed train') is France's intercity high-speed rail service. With commercial operating speeds of up to on the newer lines, the TGV was conceived at the same period as other technological projects such as the Ariane 1 rocke ...

station is at Mouchard on the Paris-Switzerland line. ;Aerodrome There is a small aerodrome in the north of the commune with the

ICAO The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO ) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that coordinates the principles and techniques of international air navigation, and fosters the planning and development of international sch ...

code LFGD and a restricted use runway.

Hydrology

Arbois is traversed by the ''Cuisance'' river and is part of Revermont since it lies at the foot of the Plateau of Lons-le-Saunier, the first plateau of the Jura. Together with Salins-les-Bains and Poligny, it forms the "Heart of the Jura" Community of Communes (''Communauté des communes Coeur du Jura).''

Climate

This small, historic town often enjoys episodes of fine weather from March through to October. The presence of vineyards reflects this and the Loue and Doubs rivers are far enough away to limit the occurrence of fog in the winter. The influence of the small Cuisance river is low. The town does, however, receive generous amounts of precipitation throughout the year, totaling nearly 1,000 mm annually. The climate is rather continental with cold winters and little snow but hot in summer.

History

The origin of the town of Arbois dates back to remote times, although specifications are difficult. It is certain, however, that its wines were known to the Romans. Until 1260, Arbois was a ''villa'' or town without defences: it was surrounded by ramparts during the following ten years. Arbois endured seven sieges when it was part of the

Duchy of Burgundy The Duchy of Burgundy (; ; ) was a medieval and early modern feudal polity in north-western regions of historical Burgundy. It was a duchy, ruled by dukes of Burgundy. The Duchy belonged to the Kingdom of France, and was initially bordering th ...

, including sackings by Charles I of Amboise (in 1479 while he was governor of the

County of Burgundy The Free County of Burgundy (; ) was a medieval and early modern feudal polity ruled by a count from 982 to 1678. It became known as Franche-Comté (the ''Free County''), and was located in the modern region of Franche-Comté. It belonged to th ...

under

Louis XI Louis XI (3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483), called "Louis the Prudent" (), was King of France from 1461 to 1483. He succeeded his father, Charles VII. Louis entered into open rebellion against his father in a short-lived revolt known as the ...

), Henry IV (when the town held out for three weeks against the King's 25,000 troops), and

Louis XIV LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reign ...

. A castle was built in 1270, some vestiges of which survived the dismantling that

ordered in 1678 following the conquest of Franche-Comté. There remain stretches of wall, pierced for archers, three round towers, and the square Gloriette tower. When the republic was proclaimed at

on 13 April 1834, the town joined the revolt against the government, which promptly sent a small force of grenadiers, cavalry, and a battery of artillery to subdue it. The U.S. 36th Infantry Division liberated Arbois in September 1944 as it moved up the

Rhône The Rhône ( , ; Occitan language, Occitan: ''Ròse''; Franco-Provençal, Arpitan: ''Rôno'') is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before dischargi ...

towards

and then on to the

Moselle The Moselle ( , ; ; ) is a river that rises in the Vosges mountains and flows through north-eastern France and Luxembourg to western Germany. It is a bank (geography), left bank tributary of the Rhine, which it joins at Koblenz. A sm ...

Heraldry

The Arbois symbol is the heraldic pelican which is called a ''Pelican in her piety'' who is feeding her young from her beak. This is a Christian symbol and is accompanied by the motto of the city which is ''Sic his quos diligo'' (So I do for those I love). The Arbois band, which plays during the ''Biou'' festival is called ''Le Pelican'' in reference to this symbolic bird. There is also a Guggenmusik band calle
Biou'Z'Musik
The arms use the colours of the city: yellow (gold) and black (sable) which are an allusion to yellow wine and dark forests.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Population

Economy

Arbois is a small rural town with a rich historical heritage and important advantages for agricultural activity such as

viticulture Viticulture (, "vine-growing"), viniculture (, "wine-growing"), or winegrowing is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine ...

, an industrial enterprise among the 10 largest in the department, and tourism based on its heritage and

gastronomy Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between Human food, food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating. One who is well ver ...

. There is, however, some hidden economic fragility with an aging population, sensitive industries at risk of relocation, a downturn in the diversity of shopping, and an overestimation of the value of property which tends to deter young households.

Agriculture

The area produces some of the best

Jura wine Jura wine is French wine produced in the Jura '' département''. Located between Burgundy and Switzerland, this cool climate wine region produces wines with some similarity to Burgundy and Swiss wine. Jura wines are distinctive and unusual wi ...

s, including ''

vin jaune is a special and characteristic type of white wine made in the Jura (wine), Jura region in eastern France. It is similar to dry fino Sherry and gets its character from being matured in a barrel under a film of yeast (wine), yeast, known as the ...

'' (yellow wine) and ''vin de Paille'' ( straw wine), in the Arbois AOC; this is the dominant activity. Arbois has many wineries such as Henri Maire, the cooperative Fruitière vinicole d'Arbois, Rolet, Stéphane Tissot, Jacques Tissot, Domaine de la Pinte, Pascal Clairet, Michel Gahier, Frédéric Lornet, and Fumey-Chatelain. The Arbois

Appellation d'origine contrôlée In France, the ''appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (, ; abbr. AOC ) is a label that identifies an agricultural product whose stages of production and processing are carried out in a defined geographical area – the ''terroir'' – and using ...

(AOC) was introduced in 1936 and covers 13 communes on the hills and valley slopes surrounding the town. One of these, a small village named Pupillin, is particularly known for the quality of its wines, which come from a patchwork of vineyards planted on south-facing, limestone-rich slopes. Wines from these sites are sold as Arbois-Pupillin. Arbois wines are produced from around 2,100 acres (850ha) of vineyards, planted with

Chardonnay Chardonnay (, ; ) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from England to New Zealand. For new a ...

, Savagnin,

Poulsard Poulsard (also Ploussard) is a red French wine grape variety from the Jura wine region. The name Ploussard is used mainly around the town of Pupillin but can appear on wine labels throughout Jura as an authorized synonyms. While technicall ...

(or Ploussard as it is known in the commune),

Pinot Noir Pinot noir (), also known as Pinot nero, is a red-wine grape variety of the species ''Vitis vinifera''. The name also refers to wines created predominantly from Pinot noir grapes. The name is derived from the French language, French words fo ...

and Trousseau. About 70% of Jura's red wines are produced under the Arbois name, along with about 30% of its whites. Some bottles are labeled with the saying (in French): "Arbois wine: the more you drink, the more it goes right!". An old familiar song, the ''Tourdion'' is a song on the wines of ''Anjou or Arbois''. It is also mentioned by

Jacques Brel Jacques Romain Georges Brel (; 8 April 1929 – 9 October 1978) was a Belgian singer and actor who composed and performed theatrical songs. He generated a large, devoted following—initially in Belgium and France, but later throughout the world ...

in his song ''Pour mon dernier repas'' (For my last meal) as well as by Hubert-Félix Thiéfaine in ''La cancoillotte'' (The cream cheese). In 1285 the Count of Chiny used to offer it to his guests during the Chauvency Tournament according to the troubadour Jacques Bretel who drank it in the company of Henri de Briey. Arbois also has dairy farms (Montbéliarde and goat breeds) in the AOC of Comté and

Morbier Morbier () is a commune in the Jura department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in Eastern France. From 1680 to 1920, Morbier was, with Morez, the centre of Comtoise clock production. It gave its name to the Morbier cheese, which is p ...

Industry

Industries other than wine contribute to the wealth of the commune including ''Bost-Garnache Industries'' (

Stanley Stanley may refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''Stanley'' (1972 film), an American horror film * ''Stanley'' (1984 film), an Australian comedy * ''Stanley'' (1999 film), an animated short * ''Stanley'' (1956 TV series) ...

/Facom Group) which manufactures screwdrivers, SIOBRA who do zinc injection moulding, and CIFC who build industrial wood framing.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments: *The Brand consorts House (13th century) *The Hydro-Electric Power Station (20th century) *The Delort House (18th century) *The Hotel de Broissia (19th century) *The Fruitière vinicole d'Arbois (1818) *The Béchet Mill at 2 Avenue Pasteur (18th century) *The Chateau of Verreux at 2 Rue de Verreux (18th century) *The Chateau Bontemps (16th century) *The Gloriette Tower (16th century). The ''Tour Gloriette'' (Gloriette Tower) was built in the 13th century together with the Tour Velfaux (Vellefaux), and integrated into the Château Pécauld (Pecaud). The Gloriette was one of the principal elements of the city's ramparts which stretched for some 1200 metres. It was badly damaged in 1503 when the ''Cuisance'' overflowed its banks. With a height of 17 metres and a square base 11 metres on each side, the current tower was restored at the beginning of the 16th century. Although the city was attacked by several armies, the tower itself was never attacked. *Louis Pasteur's House (18th century). It was the only house the scientist owned. The house is preserved in its original state, exactly as it was when Louis Pasteur was alive with his private laboratory. The Pasteur House contains many items that are registered as historical objects: **A Bathtub (19th century) **A Tabletop Still (19th century) **A Painting: Virgin and Child (15th century) **3

Daguerreotype Daguerreotype was the first publicly available photography, photographic process, widely used during the 1840s and 1850s. "Daguerreotype" also refers to an image created through this process. Invented by Louis Daguerre and introduced worldwid ...

s (19th century) **An Inkwell (19th century) **A Bon Marché box (19th century) **A Drawing: The Funerals of Atala (19th century) **A Drawing: Bust of a young woman (1843) **A Plate: Pasteur born at Dole (19th century) **A Painting: A clear night at Aiguebelette Lake (19th century) **A Statue: Christ (18th century) **A

Praxinoscope The praxinoscope is an animation device, the successor to the zoetrope. It was invented in France in 1877 by Charles-Émile Reynaud. Like the zoetrope, it uses a strip of pictures placed around the inner surface of a spinning cylinder. The pr ...

(1879) **A Gypsum Plate (19th century) **3 Chairs (18th century) **A Commode (18th century) *The Palace of Justice (Law Courts) contains a Bronze Clock (1819) which is registered as an historical object. *The Château Pécaud and Velfaux Tower (11th century). The Château Pécauld was built in the 11th and 14th centuries and once belonged to the Dukes of Burgundy. It now houses a small museum dedicated to wine growing and production. By the 13th century, it was part the defences of the city. Its large circular tower is known as the ''Tour de Velfaux'' after the tower's owner, ''Guillaume de Velfaux'', who sold it to Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the father of Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle. De Grenvelle added to the house proper at the beginning of the 16th century, at the end of which the Pecauld family acquired it. During the French Revolution the house was nationalized and sold in 1826 to the city of Arbois. Later, the Institute of Wines of Jura restored it. ;Other sites of Interest *The Hôtel d'Achey (17th century), then became ''Sarret de Grozon'' (19th century), Grande Rue, today an Art Museum which displays, among others, the works of Gustave Courbet; *The Fountain of Lions (19th century), Place de la Liberté; *A Fountain (19th century), Rue de Courcelles; *The 'Saut de la Cuisance (Cuisance Falls), near the bridge on Rue de l'Hôtel de ville; *The Arbois Wine-growing area (partially replanted in the 19th century); *The Belvédère de l'Hermitage (20th century). *Les Planches Cave (''Grotte des Planches'') (5 km away) *The Hotel-Dieu contains three items that are registered as historical objects: **A Painting: Saint Antoine (17th century) **A Painting: Saint François (17th century) **A Painting: Saint Marthe (17th century) *The Hospital contains several religious and other items that are registered as historical objects: **A

Chalice A chalice (from Latin 'cup', taken from the Ancient Greek () 'cup') is a drinking cup raised on a stem with a foot or base. Although it is a technical archaeological term, in modern parlance the word is now used almost exclusively for the ...

with its

Paten A paten or diskos is a small plate used for the celebration of the Eucharist (as in a mass). It is generally used during the liturgy itself, while the reserved sacrament are stored in the tabernacle in a ciborium. Western usage In many Wes ...

(18th century) **A Casket for Holy Oil (18th century) **A Wooden Clock (18th century) **A Bronze Mortar (17th century) **70 Ceramic Pharmaceutical Jars (17th century) **A Bronze Clock (1738) File:Arbois 38.jpg, The Chateau Pecauld File:Place Liberty Arbois.jpg, Liberty Square File:Cuisance Arbois 0002.jpg, The Cuisance at Arbois File:Maison Pasteurs Arbois.jpg, The Louis Pasteur House File:Wikirencontre Arbois 2013 - 0006.jpg, Tissot Wine File:Maison Pasteur Arbois 0011.jpg, Entrance to the Square Louis Pasteur File:Arbois - Tour Gloriette 3.JPG, The Gloriette Tower File:Groto de Les Planches-près-Arbois 1.jpg, Les Planches Caves File:Hôtel de Broissia (ancien).jpg, The Hotel de Brossia File:Restaurant Jean Pierre Jeunet.jpg, The Maison Jeunet Restaurant File:Musée du vin d'Arbois.JPG, The Wine Museum File:J01.Cascade des Tufs (Cuisance).JPG, The Cascade des Tufs waterfall File:Demeure Delort (Château Delort).jpg, The Chateau Delort File:Demeure dite château de Verreux.jpg, The Chateau de Verreux

Religious heritage

The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments: *The old Ursuline Convent (18th century) *The Church of Saint-Just (11th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée The Church of Saint-Just has a 12th-century nave, a 13th-century vault, a 16th-century

chancel In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the Choir (architecture), choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may termi ...

, and a 17th-century church tower. The organ is rated as a historic monument and was restored in 1985. The church contains a very large number of items that are registered as historical objects. ;Other religious sites of interest *The old Collegiate College of Notre-Dame (14th-18th centuries), Rue Notre-Dame, converted into a wheat market in 1802 and today a Cultural Centre; *The Chapel of Notre-Dame Libératrice (17th century) at l'Hermitage (Avenue Pasteur). The Church has a group of items that is registered as an historical object: **An

Altar An altar is a table or platform for the presentation of religion, religious offerings, for sacrifices, or for other ritualistic purposes. Altars are found at shrines, temples, Church (building), churches, and other places of worship. They are use ...

Retable A retable is a structure or element placed either on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church. At the minimum, it may be a simple shelf for candles behind an altar, but it can also be a large and elaborate struct ...

, Altar seating, 2 Credenzas, and a frame (17th century) *The Presbytery contains several items that are registered as historical objects: **A Painting: The Nativity (16th century) **A

Pitcher In baseball, the pitcher is the player who throws ("Pitch (baseball), pitches") the Baseball (ball), baseball from the pitcher's mound toward the catcher to begin each play, with the goal of out (baseball), retiring a batter (baseball), batter, ...

and Basin (18th century) **A Statuette/

Reliquary A reliquary (also referred to as a ''shrine'', ''Chasse (casket), chasse'', or ''phylactery'') is a container for relics. A portable reliquary, or the room in which one is stored, may also be called a ''feretory''. Relics may be the purported ...

: The Immaculate Virgin (1854) **A Cross: Christ on the Cross (18th century)Ministry of Culture, Palissy File:Arbois 21.jpg, The Organ in Saint-Just File:Arbois 20.jpg, The

Nave The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type ...

of Saint-Just File:Arbois Collégiale Notre-Dame1140.JPG, The Collegiate of Notre-Dame File:Arbois Église Saint-Just 33.JPG, Stained glass window in the Church of Saint-Just File:Arbois Église Saint-Just 28.JPG, Stained glass window in the Church of Saint-Just File:Arbois Église Saint-Just 27.JPG, Stained glass window in the Church of Saint-Just File:Arbois Église Saint-Just 150212.JPG, Pulpit in the Church of Saint-Just File:Église Saint-Just d'Arbois (autel).JPG, The Altar in Saint-Just

Personalities

Born in Arbois

*Jean Vuillemin, Doctor and poet from the 16th century; *Joseph Morel (?-1595), Captain of the County, Defender of Arbois during the siege by troops of French General Armand de Gontaut-Biron; *Jean Étienne Joseph Baud (1734-1803), sub-prefect of Saint-Claude; *Jean Étienne Baron (1736-1803), sub-prefect of Saint-Claude; *Pierre Bouvenot (1748-1833), Magistrate, President of the Court of Arbois; *Jean-Baptiste Courvoisier (1749-1803), Lawyer at the Parliament of Franche-Comté; *Pierre Claude Bousson (1752-1845), Captain of the 3rd regiment of Dragoons and Knight of the

Order of Saint Louis The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis () is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April 1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, notable as the fi ...

; *Ignace François Bousson (1759-1825), General and Noble of the Empire, Knight of the

Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...

; * Jean-Charles Pichegru (1761-1804), General, Commander in Chief of the commandant en chef de l'

Army of the Rhine An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by ...

, MP for Jura; *François Guinchard (1764-?), Captain of the Army; *Jean-Antoine David (1767-1799), General of Brigade; * Jacques-Antoine-Adrien Delort (1773-1848), General and Noble of the Empire; *Charles Anne Joseph Domet de Mont (1777-1848), Soldier, Geologist, Councillor for Jura, and Knight of the Legion of Honour; *Charles Victor Barbier (1787-1860), Captain of the Army; *Claude Charles Joseph Gabriel Jolliton (1774-1836), Captain, Knight of the Legion of Honour; *Jean-Pierre Jarre (1775-1856), Captain, Knight of the Legion of Honour; *Claude François Boisson (1784-1836), Adjutant to the 4th Regiment of Hussars, Saint Helena Medal; *Jean-François Saillard (1785-1839), Captain, Knight of the Legion of Honour and the Order of Saint-Louis; *François-Joseph Noir (1787-?), Sergeant in the Old Guard, Saint Helena Medal; *Anne Claude Belon d'Aligny (?-1834), Noble of the Empire; *Auguste Napoléon Parandier (1804-1905), Engineer, Inspector-General of Bridges and Dykes; *Alphonse Joseph Charles de Moréal Brevans (1823-?), artist-painter and designer; *Auguste Pointelin (1839-1933), painter-landscape gardener; *Jules Viennet, sculptor in the 19th century; *Ernest Caroillon (1861-?), cleric and historian; *Emmanuel Templeux (1871-1957), artist-painter; * Joseph Sylvestre Sauget (1871-1955), botanist; *André Baud (1879-1950), politician; * Charles Brune (1891-1956), politician; *Jean Badré (1913-2001), Officer in the French Army then Priest and Bishop, decorated with the

Croix de Guerre The (, ''Cross of War'') is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was first awarded during World ...

, the Resistance Medal, and the

; *Gabriel Girard (1920-1944), a maquisard who participated in an attack on the German police on 14 March 1944, arrested on 26 March, condemned to death on 30 May, and executed on 1 June at the Citadel of Besançon; *François Chambelland (1923-1941), resistance fighter, arrested on 1 March 1941 and shot on 18 September at the Citadel of Besançon; *Jean-Luc Bouilleret (1953-), Bishop of

; *Jean-Paul Jeunet (1954-),

Chef A chef is a professional Cook (profession), cook and tradesperson who is proficient in all aspects of outline of food preparation, food preparation, often focusing on a particular cuisine. The word "chef" is derived from the term (), the di ...

at Arbois (2 Michelin Stars); *Yves Gravel (-), Painter

Residents

*Jean-Baptiste Patrauld (1751-1817), born at

Ray-sur-Saône Ray-sur-Saône (, literally ''Ray on Saône'') is a commune in the Haute-Saône department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. See also *Communes of the Haute-Saône department The following is a list of the 536 comm ...

and died at Villemoutiers, friar at Arbois, professor of mathématics for

Napoleon I Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...

and for Jean-Charles Pichegru at the Royal Military School of Brienne-le-Château; *

Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur (, ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, Fermentation, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the la ...

(1822-1895), chemist, physician, microbiologist. *René Garoz, resistance fighter originally from Lons-le-Saunier, participated in an attack on the German police on 14 March 1944, at Arbois, arrested on 26 March, condemned to death on 30 May, and executed on 1 June at the Citadel of Besançon; *

Joseph Nechvatal Joseph Nechvatal (born January 15, 1951) is an American post-conceptual digital artist and art theoretician who creates computer-assisted paintings and computer animations, often using custom computer viruses. Life and work Joseph Nechva ...

(1951-), painter, doctor of philosophy of art and new technologies, professor at the

School of Visual Arts The School of Visual Arts New York City (SVA NYC) is a private for-profit art school in New York City. It was founded in 1947 and is a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design. History This school was started by Silas ...

New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...

. He developed a computer virus programme at the Pasteur House during his stay at Arbois from 1990 to 1993.

References

Bibliography

* Philippe Chaudat. ''The world of wine. Ethnology of winegrowers of Arbois (Jura)'', Paris, l'Harmattan, coll. Connaissance des hommes (preface by Jean-Pierre Warnier), 2004 * Ernest Girard. ''Arbois Chronicles'', 1906. Reprint in 2003 by Le Livre d'histoire * Georges Grand. ''History of Arbois'', 1959. Reprint in 1996 by Le Livre d'histoire * Emmanuel Bousson De Mairet
''Historical annals and chronologies of the town of Arbois''
1856, Reprint in 2003 by Le Livre d'histoire under the title ''History of Arbois''

External links

Official Arbois website

Historical Bibliography of Arbois (Biblioweb)

{{Authority control Wine regions of France Communes of Jura (department)