''Arapaima leptosoma'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

of freshwater fish

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

to near the confluence of the Solimões and Purus Rivers in Amazonas, Brazil. Like other members of the

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

Arapaima The arapaima, pirarucu, or paiche is any large species of bonytongue in the genus ''Arapaima'' native to the Amazon and Essequibo basins of South America. ''Arapaima'' is the type genus of the subfamily Arapaiminae within the family Osteoglossi ...

'', this fish can breathe air.Sci-news.com
/ref> It has a deep caudal peduncle relative to other species in its genus. It is the first new member of ''Arapaima'' to be described since 1847. Member species of the genus ''Arapaima'' are the largest freshwater fish in South America.

References

Osteoglossidae Fish described in 2013 {{Osteoglossiformes-stub