Aquatica KK
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The Green Connection is an
aquarium An aquarium (: aquariums or aquaria) is a vivarium of any size having at least one transparent side in which aquatic plants or animals are kept and displayed. fishkeeping, Fishkeepers use aquaria to keep fish, invertebrates, amphibians, aquati ...
and science discovery center in
Kota Kinabalu Kota Kinabalu (; formerly known as Jesselton), colloquially referred to as KK, is the state capital of Sabah, Malaysia. It is also the capital of the Kota Kinabalu District as well as the West Coast Division of Sabah. The city is located on the ...
,
Sabah Sabah () is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia located in northern Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia. Sabah has land borders with the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the southwest and Indonesia's North Kalima ...
,
Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...
. It opened in May 2010 and is located outside downtown
Kota Kinabalu Kota Kinabalu (; formerly known as Jesselton), colloquially referred to as KK, is the state capital of Sabah, Malaysia. It is also the capital of the Kota Kinabalu District as well as the West Coast Division of Sabah. The city is located on the ...
in the Northwest corner of the island of
Borneo Borneo () is the List of islands by area, third-largest island in the world, with an area of , and population of 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses). Situated at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, it is one of the Greater Sunda ...
.


History

In 2005, Prof. Steve Oakley—a
marine biologist Marine biology is the scientific study of the biology of marine life, organisms that inhabit the sea. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology clas ...
at the
University Malaysia Sarawak Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) is a Malaysian public university located in Kota Samarahan, Sarawak. UNIMAS was officially incorporated on 24 December 1992. The ''QS World University Rankings'' ranked UNIMAS 226th in Asia in 2025. The univ ...
's (Unimas) Institute of
Biodiversity Biodiversity is the variability of life, life on Earth. It can be measured on various levels. There is for example genetic variability, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and Phylogenetics, phylogenetic diversity. Diversity is not distribut ...
and Environmental Conservation—was working with a team of scientists to rejuvenate
coral reefs A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups. ...
and rescue marine life. Oakley then partnered with the
Sabah Foundation The Sabah Foundation () or Yayasan Sabah Group (YSG) is a state sanctioned organisation that was developed to promote educational and economic opportunities for its people. It was founded by Tun Mustapha Harun and manages a diverse portfolio o ...
(YS) to develop the land into an aquarium. It is now the major shareholder in Aquatica Aquarium and Discovery Centre Sdn Bhd, which owns the Green Connection. The
aquarium An aquarium (: aquariums or aquaria) is a vivarium of any size having at least one transparent side in which aquatic plants or animals are kept and displayed. fishkeeping, Fishkeepers use aquaria to keep fish, invertebrates, amphibians, aquati ...
finished construction and opened its doors to the public in 2010. It encompasses a nearly area of previously undeveloped swampland.


Exhibits

The Green Connection showcases Borneo's biodiversity with displays of over 1200 species of wildlife from seven
ecosystems An ecosystem (or ecological system) is a system formed by Organism, organisms in interaction with their Biophysical environment, environment. The Biotic material, biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and en ...
and has interactive exhibits incorporating many aspects of
aquatic science Aquatic science is the study of the various bodies of water that make up our planet including oceanic and freshwater environments. Aquatic scientists study the movement of water, the chemistry of water, aquatic organisms, aquatic ecosystems, the m ...
. It has of recirculating water and exhibits 12,500 plants and animals representing 670 species. The facility also houses a high tank for viewing coral reef marine life, where typical
reef A reef is a ridge or shoal of rock, coral, or similar relatively stable material lying beneath the surface of a natural body of water. Many reefs result from natural, abiotic component, abiotic (non-living) processes such as deposition (geol ...
life is grown using natural sunlight. Another display is home to one of the world's most deadly snakes, the banded sea krait
Laticauda Colubrina The yellow-lipped sea krait (''Laticauda colubrina''), also known as the banded sea krait or colubrine sea krait, is a species of highly venomous snake found in tropical Indo-Pacific oceanic waters. The snake has distinctive black stripes and a ...
. The Green Connection is arranged as an introduction to the Sabah's
ecosystem An ecosystem (or ecological system) is a system formed by Organism, organisms in interaction with their Biophysical environment, environment. The Biotic material, biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and en ...
. Visitors walk through
limestone caves Limestone is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate . Limestone forms when t ...
, dense
jungles jungle is land covered with dense forest and tangled vegetation, usually in tropical climates. Application of the term has varied greatly during the past century. Etymology The word ''jungle'' originates from the Sanskrit word ''jaṅgala'' ...
, muddy
mangroves A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows mainly in coastal saline or brackish water. Mangroves grow in an equatorial climate, typically along coastlines and tidal rivers. They have particular adaptations to take in extra oxygen and remove sal ...
, and reefs, and out into the open ocean where
coral reefs A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups. ...
grow.


Education

The center includes interactive exhibits on water and ocean science to life. School visits follow the Malaysian Curriculum and usually focus on environmental education and conservation issues. When visitors first arrive at Sabah, the aquarium introduces the wildlife they will see throughout their visit.


Sustainability and conservation

The Green Connection advertises its aim to promote marine conservation and
environmental awareness Environmentalism is a broad philosophy, ideology, and social movement about supporting life, habitats, and surroundings. While environmentalism focuses more on the environmental and nature-related aspects of green ideology and politics, ecologi ...
. It has many
snake Snakes are elongated limbless reptiles of the suborder Serpentes (). Cladistically squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales much like other members of the group. Many species of snakes have s ...
s bred in captivity from wild-caught parents purchased from hunters. The wild-caught snakes are frequently damaged and require care and treatment for injuries. After treatment for males or after egg laying for females, the wild snakes are released back to the
national parks A national park is a nature park designated for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes because of unparalleled national natural, historic, or cultural significance. It is an area of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that is protecte ...
of Sabah. All the snakes on public display were raised from eggs and handled daily, the snakes are used in rotation to avoid visitors' excessive handling. The center also has a
turtle Turtles are reptiles of the order (biology), order Testudines, characterized by a special turtle shell, shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the Pleurodira (side necked turtles) and Crypt ...
rescue center where sick, injured, or juvenile turtles can be cared for before being released back into the wild. All the fish are purchased from
fishers Fisher is an archaic term for a fisherman, revived as gender-neutral. Fisher, Fishers or The Fisher may also refer to: Places Australia * Division of Fisher, an electoral district in the Australian House of Representatives, in Queensland *Elec ...
. The giant coral reef tank has 17 tons of artificial rock, 35 tons of sand, and of water. The corals for the aquarium were planted between 2005 and 2007 on several nursery sites on the degraded reef. The coral nubbins came from coral fragments recovered from bomb fishing blast sites. A total of 6500 coral blocks were planted, and more than 10,000 faux rock blocks: some were overturned by
fish A fish (: fish or fishes) is an aquatic animal, aquatic, Anamniotes, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fish fin, fins and craniate, a hard skull, but lacking limb (anatomy), limbs with digit (anatomy), digits. Fish can ...
, and the corals smothered, and some grew so fast that they have become part of the reef at the nursery site, some have been moved to the Green Connection, and the nursery corals have been thinned, and moved apart with the excess corals replanted back on degraded reefs. The project has expanded, and anyone can plant corals to help reefs recover. The Green Connection was designed to be
off-grid Off-the-grid or off-grid is a characteristic of buildings and a lifestyle designed in an independent manner without reliance on one or more public utilities. The term "off-the-grid" traditionally refers to not being connected to the electrical gr ...
except for its
drinking water Drinking water or potable water is water that is safe for ingestion, either when drunk directly in liquid form or consumed indirectly through food preparation. It is often (but not always) supplied through taps, in which case it is also calle ...
. The foundation was built to double as a water storage tank holding up to of rainwater. All
gray water Greywater (or grey water, sullage, also spelled gray water in the United States) refers to domestic wastewater generated in households or office buildings from streams without fecal contamination, i.e., all streams except for the wastewater fro ...
is recycled after being filtered through on-site reed beds.


Notes


References


Fun with snakes and games at Aquatica exhibition (Borneo Bost 8 February 2010)Green Connection celebrate World Environment Day


External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Green Connection Aquaria in Malaysia Buildings and structures in Kota Kinabalu Tourist attractions in Sabah