''Apollon'' (Russian: Аполло́н) was a Russian

avant-garde The avant-garde (; In 'advance guard' or ' vanguard', literally 'fore-guard') is a person or work that is experimental, radical, or unorthodox with respect to art, culture, or society.John Picchione, The New Avant-garde in Italy: Theoretical ...

literary magazine A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish short stories, poetry, and essays, along with literary criticism Literary criticism (or literary studies) is the study, evalu ...

that served as a principal publication of the Russian modernist movement in the early 20th century. It was published between 1909 and 1917 in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

History and profile

''Apollon'' was established by the literary critic S. K. Makovsky in 1909 and soon became a venue for the polemics that marked the decline of the

symbolist movement Symbolism was a late 19th-century art movement of French and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts seeking to represent absolute truths symbolically through language and metaphorical images, mainly as a reaction against naturalism and realis ...

in Russian

poetry Poetry (derived from the Greek '' poiesis'', "making"), also called verse, is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language − such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre − to evoke meanings ...

. It was first a monthly supplement of the ''Literaturny Almanakh''. Then its frequency became ten times a year. The headquarters of the magazine was in St Petersburg. In 1910, two seminal essays that appeared in ''Apollon'' -- Mikhail Kuzmin's ''On Beautiful Clarity'' (''O prekrasnoy yasnosti'') and

Nikolai Gumilyov Nikolay Stepanovich Gumilyov ( rus, Никола́й Степа́нович Гумилёв, p=nʲɪkɐˈlaj sʲtʲɪˈpanəvʲɪtɕ ɡʊmʲɪˈlʲɵf, a=Nikolay Styepanovich Gumilyov.ru.vorb.oga; April 15 NS 1886 – August 26, 1921) was a poe ...

's ''The Life of Verse'' (''Zhizn' stikha'') -- heralded the emergence of Acmeist poetry. The magazine ceased publication in 1917.

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* 1909 establishments in the Russian Empire 1917 disestablishments in Russia Avant-garde magazines Defunct literary magazines published in Europe Defunct magazines published in Russia Literary magazines published in Russia Magazines established in 1909 Magazines disestablished in 1917 Magazines published in Saint Petersburg Poetry literary magazines Russian-language magazines Russian poetry Russian symbolism Monthly magazines published in Russia Ten times annually magazines {{Europe-lit-mag-stub