Ap Lei Chau or Aberdeen Island is an
island
An island or isle is a piece of land, distinct from a continent, completely surrounded by water. There are continental islands, which were formed by being split from a continent by plate tectonics, and oceanic islands, which have never been ...
of Hong Kong, located off
Hong Kong Island next to
Aberdeen Harbour and
Aberdeen Channel. It has an area of after land reclamation. Administratively it is part of the
Southern District. Ap Lei Chau is one of the
most densely populated islands on earth, as well as the most densely populated island with a population of over 10,000.
In the 2000s, the
Guinness World Records
''Guinness World Records'', known from its inception in 1955 until 1999 as ''The Guinness Book of Records'' and in previous United States editions as ''The Guinness Book of World Records'', is a British reference book published annually, list ...
called it the world's most densely populated island on their website.
History
Before the
First Opium War, Ap Lei Chau was a small fishing village, with its harbour forming an excellent natural
typhoon shelter. The island appears on a
Ming-era map with its primary settlement labelled "Fragrant Harbour Village". Its early phonetic rendering of the Cantonese phrase ''hēung góng'' is the probable origin of the name for
Hong Kong
Hong Kong)., Legally Hong Kong, China in international treaties and organizations. is a special administrative region of China. With 7.5 million residents in a territory, Hong Kong is the fourth most densely populated region in the wor ...
, although the town eventually took the name of its island.
Under the terms of the 1841
Treaty of Nanking, it was ceded to the
British
British may refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies.
* British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...
together with
Hong Kong Island. It was sometimes known as Taplichan, Taplishan, &c. from an alternative name for the island.
The island had a largely uneventful history under
British rule.
In 1968,
Hongkong Electric opened a
power station on Ap Lei Chau to provide electricity for the whole of Hong Kong Island. In 1980 and 1994,
a bridge was constructed to connect the island to the Hong Kong Island, and this created momentum for rapid economic development.
Public housing estates were built to accommodate people, including some who had suffered in a fire in the
Aberdeen typhoon shelter. In 1989, the generators of the power station were relocated to
Lamma Island, and the old power station has been demolished and re-developed into the
South Horizons residential area, with the addition of some
land reclaimed from the sea.
Geography and demographics

Ap Lei Chau was named after the shape of the island, which resembles the tongue of a duck. ''Ap'' means ''duck'', ''Lei'' means ''tongue'', and ''Chau'' means ''island.'' The northern part has the highest population, while the southern part of the island is less densely populated.
The highest point on the island is
Yuk Kwai Shan (玉桂山; aka. Mount Johnston), with an altitude of .
It comprises four main residential areas —
Lei Tung Estate, Ap Lei Chau Main Street,
South Horizons and
Ap Lei Chau Estate, each of which comprises several
highrise towers. There is also an industrial estate on the southern tip of the island.
The population of Ap Lei Chau is 79,727.
The sum of the population in constituency areas D02 to D07 and its area is , giving it a population density of and making it
the fourth most densely populated island in the world.
Ap Lei Chau also lends its name to the Ap Lei Chau
geologic formation, which covers most of Hong Kong Island.
Places of interest

The
Hung Shing Temple located on Hung Shing Street, off Main Street, Ap Lei Chau, is a notable site. Dating back to 1773, it is the oldest temple in the Aberdeen and Ap Lei Chau areas and is a
declared monument.
The Shui Yuet Temple aka. Kwun Yum Temple is located at No. 181 Main Street, Ap Lei Chau. Dedicated to
Kwun Yum, it was built at the end of the 19th century and is a
Grade III historic building. The temple site is adjacent to the site of the former Aberdeen Police Station. Clearly chosen for its
fung shui, the superior dragons were seen as being protection from the 'threat of the tiger's jaw' from the police station. Although the police station has now been demolished, the dragons are still present and seen as enduring feng shui guards. Apart from Kwun Yum, the temple also houses
Kwan Tai,
Tin Hau,
Chai Kung and
Wong Tai Sin.
Transport

Ap Lei Chau and Hong Kong Island are connected by the four-lane
Ap Lei Chau Bridge
Ap Lei Chau Bridge is a highway bridge in Hong Kong connecting the island of Ap Lei Chau (Aberdeen Island) to the community of Aberdeen, Hong Kong, Aberdeen on Hong Kong Island.
First bridge
Started in April 1977 and completed in 1980, the f ...
s. Opened in 1983, it originally only had two lanes, and was widened to four in 1994 with a duplicated bridge to the northwest of the original one.
Buses are the main form of transport for the residents in Ap Lei Chau. Bus routes depart from the six bus termini on the island to various places on
Hong Kong Island and in
Kowloon
Kowloon () is one of the areas of Hong Kong, three areas of Hong Kong, along with Hong Kong Island and the New Territories. It is an urban area comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. It has a population of 2,019,533 and a populat ...
:
* Ap Lei Chau Estate
* Ap Lei Chau (Lee Lok Street) and Ap Lei Chau (Lee King Street) in the industrial area
* Ap Lei Chau Main Street
* Lei Tung Estate
* South Horizons
Green minibuses and
taxis are available.
Red minibuses are prohibited from entering the island.
There is a regular
sampan service running between Ap Lei Chau Main Street and Aberdeen. (Service hours: 6am-12am)
The
MTR South Island line opened on 28 December 2016 links
Admiralty of Hong Kong Island to Ap Lei Chau by the
Aberdeen Channel Bridge, to the southeast of the Ap Lei Chau Bridges. There are two stations on the island:
Lei Tung (for Lei Tung Estate and Ap Lei Chau Main Street) and
South Horizons (for South Horizons, Ap Lei Chau Estate and Ap Lei Chau Industrial Estate).
Education
Ap Lei Chau is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 18. Within the school net are multiple aided schools (operated independently but funded with government money) and Hong Kong Southern District Government
Primary School.
Community issues
Since Ap Lei Chau is currently the fourth most densely populated island in the world, public space is highly insufficient. In 2016, the Hong Kong Government reallocated the waterfront land of the former Hong Kong Driving School on Lee Nam Road for building luxury apartments, ignoring the suggestion of the locals and intensified the problem of insufficient land use. In February 2017, it was reported that the land, measuring , had been sold by tender for a record price of HK$16.86 billion (US$2.17 billion) to a venture between
KWG Property and
Logan Property Holdings.
See also
*
Ap Lei Pai
*
List of places in Hong Kong
The following is a list of areashttp://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/CulturalService/MusicOffice/download/imts18.pdf of Hong Kong.
Hong Kong Island
* Central and Western District
** Central District
*** Admiralty
** Mid-Levels
***Soho
** Sai Wan
*** K ...
*
List of islands and peninsulas of Hong Kong
Hong Kong comprises Kowloon (including the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon), the mainland of the New Territories, and 263 nearby islands over — the largest being Lantau Island and the second-largest being Hong Kong Island. Ap Lei Chau is ...
*
Shek Pai Wan
*
Magazine Island
References
See also
*
List of islands by population density
Further reading
*
External links
History and Memories of Ap Lei Chau
{{Reclaimed land in Hong Kong
Southern District, Hong Kong
Restricted areas of Hong Kong red public minibus
Islands of Hong Kong
Populated places in Hong Kong