Antsiferov (feminine form: Antsiferova) is a Russian-language surname derived from the archaic Russian first name "Antsifer" (Анцифер), in turn derived from "Onisifor" (Онисифор, Onesiphorus). People with the name include: * Alexei Antsiferov (born 1991), a Kazakhstani-Russian ice hockey player * Danila Antsiferov (died 1712), Russian explorer, after whom Antsiferov Island in the Kuril Islands is named * Nikolai Antsiferov (1889–1958), Russian historian

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