Jean Marie Lucien Pierre Anouilh (; ; 23 June 1910 – 3 October 1987) was a French

dramatist A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes plays, which are a form of drama that primarily consists of dialogue between characters and is intended for theatrical performance rather than just reading. Ben Jonson coined the term "playwri ...

and screenwriter whose career spanned five decades. Though his work ranged from high drama to absurdist farce, Anouilh is best known for his 1944 play ''

Antigone ANTIGONE (Algorithms for coNTinuous / Integer Global Optimization of Nonlinear Equations), is a deterministic global optimization solver for general Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programs (MINLP). History ANTIGONE is an evolution of GloMIQO, a global ...

'', an adaptation of

Sophocles Sophocles ( 497/496 – winter 406/405 BC)Sommerstein (2002), p. 41. was an ancient Greek tragedian known as one of three from whom at least two plays have survived in full. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those ...

' classical drama, that was seen as an attack on

Marshal Pétain Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated of ...

Vichy government Vichy France (; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was a French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II, established as a result of the French capitulation after the defeat against ...

. His plays are less experimental than those of his contemporaries, having clearly organized plot and eloquent dialogue. One of France's most prolific writers after World War II, much of Anouilh's work deals with themes of maintaining integrity in a world of moral compromise.

Life and career

Early life

Anouilh was born in Cérisole, a small village on the outskirts of

Bordeaux Bordeaux ( ; ; Gascon language, Gascon ; ) is a city on the river Garonne in the Gironde Departments of France, department, southwestern France. A port city, it is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the Prefectures in F ...

, France and had

Basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

ancestry. His father, François Anouilh, was a tailor, and Anouilh maintained that he inherited from him a pride in conscientious craftmanship. He may owe his artistic bent to his mother, Marie-Magdeleine, a violinist who supplemented the family's meager income by playing summer seasons in the casino orchestra in the nearby seaside resort of

Arcachon Arcachon (; ) is a commune in the southwestern French department of Gironde. It is a popular seaside resort on the Atlantic coast southwest of Bordeaux, in the Landes forest. It has a sandy beach and a mild climate said to be favourable for p ...

. Marie-Magdeleine worked the night shifts in the music-hall orchestras and sometimes accompanied stage presentations, affording Anouilh ample opportunity to absorb the dramatic performances from backstage. He often attended rehearsals and solicited the resident authors to let him read scripts until bedtime. He first tried his hand at playwriting here, at the age of 12, though his earliest works do not survive. In 1918 the family moved to Paris where the young Anouilh received his secondary education at the

Lycée Chaptal The Lycée Chaptal, formerly the Collège Chaptal, is a large secondary school in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, named after Jean-Antoine Chaptal, with about 2,000 pupils. It was taken over by the City of Paris in 1848 after the founder ran into ...

Jean-Louis Barrault Jean-Louis Bernard Barrault (; 8 September 1910 – 22 January 1994) was a French actor, director and mime artist who worked on both screen and stage. Biography Barrault was born in Le Vésinet in France in 1910. His father was 'a Burgundi ...

, later a major French director, was a pupil there at the same time and recalls Anouilh as an intense, rather dandified figure who hardly noticed a boy some two years younger than himself. He earned acceptance into the law school at the Sorbonne but, unable to support himself financially, he left after just 18 months to seek work as a copywriter at the advertising agency Publicité Damour. He liked the work, and spoke more than once with wry approval of the lessons in the classical virtues of brevity and precision of language he learned while drafting advertising copy. GraveCatherineAndJeanAnouilhAndUrsulaWetzel-CimetiereDePully RomanDeckert15012023

GraveCatherineAndJeanAnouilhAndUrsulaWetzel-CimetiereDePully RomanDeckert15012023

Anouilh's financial troubles continued after he was called up to military service in 1929. Supported by only his meager conscription salary, Anouilh married the actress Monelle Valentin in 1931. Though Valentin starred in many of his plays, Anouilh's daughter Caroline (from his second marriage), says the marriage was not a happy one. Anouilh's youngest daughter Colombe even says there was never an official marriage between Anouilh and Valentin. She allegedly had multiple extramarital affairs, which caused Anouilh much pain and suffering. The infidelity weighed heavily on the dramatist as a result of the uncertainty about his own parentage. According to Caroline, Anouilh had learned that his mother had had a lover at the theatre in Arcachon who was actually his biological father. In spite of this, Anouilh and Valentin had a daughter, Catherine, in 1934 who followed the pair into theatre work at an early age. Anouilh's growing family placed further strain on his already limited finances. Determined to break into writing full-time, he began to write comic scenes for the cinema to supplement their income.

Theatre work

At the age of 25, Anouilh found work as a secretary to the French actor and director Louis Jouvet at the Comédie des Champs-Elysées. Though Anouilh's boss had happily lent him some of the set furniture left over from the production of

Jean Giraudoux Hippolyte Jean Giraudoux (; ; 29 October 1882 – 31 January 1944) was a French novelist, essayist, diplomat and playwright. He is considered among the most important French dramatists of the period between World War I and World War II. His wo ...

's play ''Siegfried'' to furnish his modest home, the director was not interested in encouraging his assistant's attempts at playwriting. Jouvet had risen to fame in the early 1930s through his collaborations with the playwright Giraudoux, and together the two worked to shift focus from the authorial voice of the director (which had dominated the French stage since the early twentieth century) back to the playwright and his text. Giraudoux was an inspiration to Anouilh and, with the encouragement of the acclaimed playwright, he began writing again in 1929. Before the end of the year he made his theatrical debut with ''Humulus le muet'', a collaborative project with Jean Aurenche. It was followed by his first solo projects, ''L'Hermine'' (''The Ermine'') in 1932 and ''Mandarine'' in 1933, both produced by Aurélien Lugné-Poe, an innovative actor and stage manager who was then head of the Théâtre de l'Œuvre. Ruled by the philosophy, "the word creates the decor," Lugné-Poe let Anouilh's lyrical prose shine in front of a backdrop of simple compositions of line and color that created a unity of style and mood. The plays were not great successes, closing after 37 and 13 performances respectively, but Anouilh persevered, following it up with a string of productions, most notably ''Y'avait un prisonnier'' (1935). These works, most in collaboration with the experimental Russian director Georges Pitoëff, were considered promising despite their lack of commercial profits, and the duo continued to work together until they had their first major success in 1937 with '' Le voyageur sans bagage'' (''Traveller Without Luggage''). In subsequent years, there was rarely a season in Paris that did not prominently feature a new Anouilh play and many of these were also being exported to England and America. After 1938, however, much of Anouilh's later work was directed by the prominent Paris scenic designer André Barsacq, who had taken over as director of the

Théâtre de l'Atelier The Théâtre de l'Atelier () is a theatre at 1, place Charles Dullin in the 18th arrondissement of Paris, France. History The theatre opened on 23 November 1822 under the name Théâtre Montmartre.Edward Foreman, ''Historical dictionary of Fren ...

after Charles Dullin's retirement in 1940. Barsacq was a champion for Anouilh and their affiliation was a major factor in the playwright's continued success after the war.

Playwright

In the 1940s, Anouilh turned from contemporary tales to more mythical, classic, and historic subjects. With protagonists who asserted their independence from the fated past, themes during this period are more closely related to the existential concerns of such writers as

Jean-Paul Sartre Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (, ; ; 21 June 1905 – 15 April 1980) was a French philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary criticism, literary critic, considered a leading figure in 20th ...

and

Albert Camus Albert Camus ( ; ; 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French philosopher, author, dramatist, journalist, world federalist, and political activist. He was the recipient of the 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature at the age of 44, the s ...

. The most famous play of this group is ''Antigone'', which "established Anouilh as a leading dramatist, not only because of the power with which he drew the classic confrontation between the uncompromising Antigone and the politically expedient Creon, but also because French theatre-goers under the occupation read the play as a contemporary political parable." His post-war plays dealt with similar concerns and included ''Roméo et Jeannette'', ''Médée'' (''Medea''), and Anouilh's

Joan of Arc Joan of Arc ( ; ; – 30 May 1431) is a patron saint of France, honored as a defender of the French nation for her role in the siege of Orléans and her insistence on the Coronation of the French monarch, coronation of Charles VII o ...

story ''L'Alouette'' ('' The Lark''), which, in its distinct optimism, rivalled the commercial success of ''Antigone''. Anouilh himself grouped his plays of this period on the basis of their dominant tone, publishing his later works in collected volumes to reflect what he felt "represented the phases of his evolution and loosely resembled the distinction between comedy and tragedy." ''Pièces noires'' or "Black plays" were tragedies or realistic dramas and included ''Antigone'', ''Jézabel'', and ''La Sauvage'' (''The Restless Heart''). This category typically featured "young, idealistic, and uncompromising protagonists hoare able to maintain their integrity only by choosing death." By contrast, Anouilh's ''pièces roses'' or "pink plays" were comedies where fantasy dominated with an atmosphere similar to that of fairy tales. In these plays such as ''Le Bal des voleurs'' (''Carnival of Thieves''), ''Le Rendez-vous de Senlis'' (''Dinner with the Family'') and ''

Léocadia ''Léocadia'' (''Time Remembered'') is a play by Jean Anouilh that premiered at the Théâtre de la Michodière in Paris on 2 December 1940. It is one of Anouilh's ''Pièces roses'', together with ''Humulus le muet'' (1932), ''Le Bal des voleurs'' ...

'' (''Time Remembered''), the focus is on "the burden of the environment and especially of the past on a protagonist seeking a happier, freer existence." Most of Anouilh's plays of the late 1940s and into the 1950s become darker and distinctly cruel and, in contrast with his earlier works, begin to feature middle-aged characters who must view life more practically than Anouilh's former idealistic youths. The playwright divided the works of this period into ''pièces brillantes'' ("brilliant plays") and ''pièces grinçantes'' ("grating plays"). The first group includes works such as ''L'Invitation au château'' (Ring Round the Moon) and ''Colombe'', and are typified by aristocratic settings and witty banter. The grating plays like '' La Valse des toréadors'' (''Waltz of the Toreadors'') and ''Le Réactionnaire amoureux'' (''The Fighting Cock'') are more bitterly funny, trading clever word play for a darker tone of disillusionment. Another category Anouilh specifies are his ''pièces costumées'' ("costume plays") which include ''The Lark'', ''La Foire d'Empoigne'' (''Catch as Catch Can''), and '' Becket'', an international success, depicting the historical martyr

Thomas Becket Thomas Becket (), also known as Saint Thomas of Canterbury, Thomas of London and later Thomas à Becket (21 December 1119 or 1120 – 29 December 1170), served as Lord Chancellor from 1155 to 1162, and then as Archbishop of Canterbury fr ...

, the Archbishop of Canterbury who sought to defend the church against the monarch (and his friend),

Henry II of England Henry II () was King of England The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the form of government used by the United Kingdom by which a hereditary monarch reigns as the head of state, with the ...

, who had appointed him to his see. So classified because they share historical "costumed" settings, Anouilh also specifies that these plays must also prominently feature an enlightened protagonist seeking "a moral path in a world of corruption and manipulation." Anouilh's final period begins with ''La Grotte'' (''The Cavern''), in which he comments on his own progress as a writer and a theatre artist. The central character is a playwright suffering from writer's block who in his frustration recalls the foibles of

Luigi Pirandello Luigi Pirandello (; ; 28 June 1867 – 10 December 1936) was an Italians, Italian dramatist, novelist, poet, and short story writer whose greatest contributions were his plays. He was awarded the 1934 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his bold and ...

's '' Six Characters in Search of an Author''. Anouilh's work had always contained hints of metatheatricality, or commentary on the business of theatre within the world of the play, but in his late works these structures became more fully developed as he begins to write primarily about characters who are dramatists or theatre directors. There is also a pronounced link, during this time, of Anouilh's emphasis of theatre and the family, displaying intimate relationships that are "more profound and more important than the traditional heightened action of 'theatre. Antoine, the playwright-protagonist of ''Cher Antoine; ou, L'Amour raté'' (''Dear Antoine; or, The Love That Failed''), asserts that the world must take notice of these ''pièces secrètes'' (secret dramas) and Anouilh scholars have proposed this name, ''pièces secrètes'', to classify the collected works of his latest period."

Political controversy

Anouilh remained staunchly apolitical for most of his life and career. He served in the military during at least two periods, having been drafted into the French Army in 1931 and 1939. He was a prisoner of war for a short time when the Germans conquered France and willingly lived and worked in Paris during the subsequent German occupation. Because he refused to take sides during France's collaboration with the Axis Alliance, some critics have branded him as a potential Nazi sympathiser. This controversy escalated as a result of Anouilh's public clashes with the leader of the

Free French Forces __NOTOC__ The French Liberation Army ( ; AFL) was the reunified French Army that arose from the merging of the Armée d'Afrique with the prior Free French Forces (; FFL) during World War II. The military force of Free France, it participated ...

(and later president of the Fifth Republic), General Charles de Gaulle. In the mid-1940s, Anouilh and several other intellectuals signed a petition for clemency to save the writer Robert Brasillach, who was condemned to death for being a Nazi collaborator. Brasillach was executed by firing squad in February 1945, despite the outcry from Anouilh and his peers that the new government had no right to persecute individuals for "intellectual crimes" in the absence of military or political action. Nevertheless, Anouilh refused to comment on his political views, writing in a letter to the Belgian critic Hubert Gignoux in 1946, "I do not have a biography and I am very happy about it. The rest of my life, as long as God wills it, will remain my personal business, and I will withhold the details of it." Anouilh's plays provide the most important clues about his political point of view, though their reputation for ambiguity further complicates the matter. For instance, ''Antigone'' provides an

allegorical As a literary device or artistic form, an allegory is a narrative or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a meaning with moral or political significance. Authors have used allegory throughou ...

representation of the debate between the idealistic members of the

French Resistance The French Resistance ( ) was a collection of groups that fought the German military administration in occupied France during World War II, Nazi occupation and the Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy#France, collaborationist Vic ...

and the pragmatism of the collaborationists. Though many have read the play as having a strong anti-Nazi sentiment, the fact that the Vichy Regime allowed the piece to be performed without censure testifies to the fact that it was potentially seen as supportive of the occupation in its time. Though the playwright romanticizes Antigone's sense of honor and duty to what is morally right, in this case resisting the Nazi forces, it can also be said that Anouilh, like Sophocles before him, makes a convincing argument for Creon's method of leadership.

Awards and recognition

In 1970 his work was recognized with the ''

Prix mondial Cino Del Duca The Prix mondial Cino Del Duca (Cino Del Duca World Prize) is an international literary award from France. With an award amount of , it is among the richest literary prizes. Origins and operations It was established in 1969 in France by French b ...

''. In 2012, the Nobel Records were opened after 50 years and it was revealed that Anouilh was among a shortlist of authors considered for the 1962

Nobel Prize in Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature, here meaning ''for'' Literature (), is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in ...

, along with

John Steinbeck John Ernst Steinbeck ( ; February 27, 1902 – December 20, 1968) was an American writer. He won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social percep ...

(winner),

Robert Graves Captain Robert von Ranke Graves (24 July 1895 – 7 December 1985) was an English poet, soldier, historical novelist and critic. His father was Alfred Perceval Graves, a celebrated Irish poet and figure in the Gaelic revival; they were b ...

Lawrence Durrell Lawrence George Durrell (; 27 February 1912 – 7 November 1990) was an expatriate British novelist, poet, dramatist, and travel writer. He was the eldest brother of naturalist and writer Gerald Durrell. Born in India to British colonial pa ...

and

Karen Blixen Baroness Karen Christentze von Blixen-Finecke (born Dinesen; 17 April 1885 – 7 September 1962) was a Danish author who wrote in Danish and English. She is also known under her pen names Isak Dinesen, used in English-speaking countries; Ta ...

. According to a report in ''The Guardian'', "It is not clear why Anouilh was passed over, but the French poet Saint-John Perse had taken the Nobel in 1960, meaning that France was well represented on the roster of winners, and ''

Svenska Dagbladet (, "The Swedish Daily News"), abbreviated SvD, is a daily List of Swedish newspapers, newspaper published in Stockholm, Sweden. History and profile The first issue of appeared on 18 December 1884. During the beginning of the 1900s the pap ...

'' reveals that

, who won the prize in 1964, was starting to be seriously considered as a candidate." In 1980, Anouilh was the first recipient of the Grand Prix du Théâtre de l'Académie française established that year.

Critical discussion

By the end of his career, Anouilh's reputation outstripped those of some of his contemporaries despite his repertoire remaining mostly confined to theatre and film. Most French dramatists of the 1930s and 1940s, including Anouilh's most significant contemporary influence, Giraudoux, not only wrote for the stage but also composed poetry, novels, or essays. Nevertheless, he remained prolific, consistently producing and publishing performance works for more than fifty years. Anouilh's early works were "naturalistic studies of a sordid and corrupt world." Many of these plays present the reader with the striking and inescapable dichotomy between pragmatism and a sort of transcendent idealism. There is little to no "middle ground of ambiguity" that exists where this conflict asserts itself. This is evidenced in ''Le Voyageur Sans Bagage.'' The main character Gaston, a World War I veteran who suffers from amnesia, cannot remember the moral depravity of his youth (he slept with his brother's wife and severely injured his best friend). This checkered past is invariably at odds with the near-angelic behavior that he now exhibits, and recognition of this truth forces him to leave his former identity behind, unable to reconcile the two sides of himself. In denouncing his past, Gaston reclasses his freedom as an illusion, but one of his own making. He befriends a young English boy and shows him his identifying scar; this gesture allows the boy to describe Gaston to the authorities, thereby claiming him as kin. With a new life and a new family, Gaston has a fresh start. David I. Grossvogel, describes this situation as the "restoration of a childhood paradise lost," attributing ''Le Voyageur Sans Bagage'' as the beginning of Anouilh's search to justify the unhappiness of his youth. Theatre historian Marvin Carlson agrees, noting that this play epitomizes the "complex tonality and deft dramatic technique" that remained throughout his work, though, he asserts, it was only as the playwright matured that his "dark view of the human condition eachedits final expression." Anouilh disagreed with these somber readings of his best works, however, arguing that, like all great French literature, his plays had found ways to laugh at misfortune. "Thanks to Molière," Anouilh said, "the true French theatre is the only one that is not gloomy, in which we laugh like men at war with our misery and our horror. This humor is one of France's messages to the world." Disclosing his thoughts on French theatre and his personal perspective as a playwright, he said that the perception of his work was often misguided: In the 1950s, Anouilh examined his antagonism with General de Gaulle in ''L'Hurluberlu, ou Le Reactionnaire amoureux'' (1958) and ''Le Songe du critique'' (1960). He began to lose the favor of audiences and critics alike, however, with the emergence of such playwrights as

Eugène Ionesco Eugène Ionesco (; ; born Eugen Ionescu, ; 26 November 1909 – 28 March 1994) was a Romanian-French playwright who wrote mostly in French, and was one of the foremost figures of the French avant-garde theatre#Avant-garde, French avant-garde th ...

and

Samuel Beckett Samuel Barclay Beckett (; 13 April 1906 – 22 December 1989) was an Irish writer of novels, plays, short stories, and poems. Writing in both English and French, his literary and theatrical work features bleak, impersonal, and Tragicomedy, tra ...

. Though he shared with these authors a "similar desperate vision of human existence," these new absurdist theatres' pursuit of alternative dramaturgies made Anouilh's semi-realistic plays seem dull and old-fashioned. In the 1980s Anouilh reinvented himself as a director, staging his own plays as well as those of other authors. He died of a heart attack in Lausanne, Switzerland on 3 October 1987. By then divorced from Monelle Valentin, he was survived by his second wife, Nicole Lançon, and four children.

Works

Original theatre productions: Paris

* ''L'Hermine''. Théâtre de l'Œuvre: 26 April 1932. Directed by Paulette Pax. With

Pierre Fresnay Pierre Fresnay (; 4 April 1897 – 9 January 1975) was a French stage and film actor. Biography Born Pierre Jules Louis Laudenbach, he was encouraged by his uncle, actor Claude Garry, to pursue a career in theater and film. He joined the company ...

, Paulette Pax, Marie Reinhardt. * ''Mandarine''. Théâtre de l'Athénée: 17 January 1933. Directed by Gérard Batbedat. With Paul Lalloz, Milly Mathis, Madeleine Ozeray. * '' Y'avait un prisonnier''. Théâtre des Ambassadeurs: 21 March 1935. Presented by Marie Bell. With Aimé Clariond, Marguerite Pierry, André Alerme. * '' Le Voyageur sans bagage''. Théâtre des Mathurins: 16 February 1937. Directed by Georges Pitoëff. With Georges Pitoëff, Marthe Mellot, Louis Salou, Madeleine Milhaud. * ''La Sauvage''. Théâtre des Mathurins: 10 January 1938. Directed by Georges Pitoëff. With Ludmilla Pitoëff, Georges Pitoëff, Louis Salou, Madeleine Milhaud. * '' Le Bal de voleurs''. Théâtre des Arts: 17 September 1938. Directed by André Barsacq. With Pierre Palau, Madeleine Geoffroy. * ''

''. Théâtre de la Michodière: 28 November 1940. Directed by André Barsacq. With Pierre Fresnay, Yvonne Printemps, Marguerite Deval. * ''Le Rendez-vous de Senlis''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 30 January 1941. Directed by André Barsacq. With Michel Vitold, Denise Bosc, Jean Dasté, Madeleine Geoffroy, Georges Rollin, Monelle Valentin. * ''

Eurydice Eurydice (; Ancient Greek: Εὐρυδίκη 'wide justice', classical pronunciation: ) was a character in Greek mythology and the wife of Orpheus, whom Orpheus tried to bring back from the dead with his enchanting music. Etymology Several ...

''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 18 December 1941. Directed by André Barsacq. With Alain Cuny, Monelle Valentin, Jean Dasté, Auguste Boverio. * ''

''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 4 February 1944. Directed by André Barsacq. With Monelle Valentin, Jean Davy, Auguste Boverio, André Le Gall. * ''Roméo et Jeanette''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 20 November 1946. Directed by André Barsacq. With Maria Casarès, Jean Chevrier (later: Jean Vilar),

Suzanne Flon Suzanne Flon (28 January 1918 – 15 June 2005) was a French people, French stage, film, and television actress. She won the Volpi Cup for Best Actress for her performance in the 1961 film ''Tu ne tueras point, Thou Shalt Not Kill''. Flon also re ...

Michel Bouquet Michel François Pierre Bouquet (6 November 1925 – 13 April 2022) was a French stage and film actor. He appeared in more than 100 films from 1947 to 2020. He won the Best Actor European Film Award for '' Toto the Hero'' in 1991 and two Best ...

. * '' L'Invitation au château''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 4 November 1947. Directed by André Barsacq. With Michel Bouquet,

Dany Robin Dany Robin (; 14 April, 1927 – 25 May, 1995) was a French actress of the 1950s and the 1960s. Nicknamed ‘''la petite fiancée de la France''’ (''France's little fiancée'') in the post-war years, she became one of the leading female stars ...

, Betty Daussmond, Robert Vattier, Madeleine Geoffroy. * ''Épisode de la vie d'un auteur''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 3 November 1948. Directed by

Roland Piétri Roland Piétri (1910 in Paris – 27 October 1986 in the same city), was a French actor and theatre director. Biography Roland Piétri was co-director of the Comédie des Champs-Élysées from 1944 to 1948 with Claude Sainval and for one season ( ...

. With Claude Sainval, Héléna Manson,

Jean-Paul Roussillon Jean-Paul Roussillon (5 March 1931 – 31 July 2009) was a French actor. He appeared in more than 80 films and television shows between 1954 and 2008. He starred in the film '' Playing 'In the Company of Men, which was screened in the Un ...

. * '' Ardèle ou la Marguerite''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 3 November 1948. Directed by Roland Piétri. With Marcel Pérès, Jacques Castelot, Mary Morgan, Claude Sainval,

Andrée Clément Andrée Clément (7 August 1918 – 31 May 1954) was a French film actress.Hayward p.461 Her husband was killed in 1940 during the Battle of France. She herself died from tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "whi ...

. * ''La Répétition ou l'Amour puni''. Théâtre Marigny: 25 October 1950. Directed by

. With Jean-Louis Barrault,

Jean Servais Jean Servais (; 24 September 1910 – 17 February 1976) was a Belgian film and stage actor. He acted in many 20th century French cinema productions, from the 1930s through the early 1970s. He was married to actress Dominique Blanchar (1952 ...

Madeleine Renaud Lucie Madeleine Renaud (; 21 February 1900 – 23 September 1994) was a French actress best remembered for her work in the theatre. She did though appear in several films directed by Jean Grémillon including '' Remorques'' (''Stormy Waters'', 1 ...

, Simone Valère. * '' Colombe''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 11 February 1951. Directed by André Barsacq. With Marie Ventura,

Danièle Delorme Gabrielle Danièle Marguerite Andrée Girard (9 October 1926 – 17 October 2015), known by her stage name Danièle Delorme (), was a French actress and film producer, famous for her roles in films directed by Marc Allégret, Julien Duvivier an ...

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. * '' La Valse des toréadors''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 9 January 1952. Directed by Roland Piétri. With Claude Sainval, Marie Ventura, Madeleine Barbulée, François Guérin. * ''

L'Alouette ''The Lark'' () is a 1952 play about Joan of Arc by the French playwright Jean Anouilh. It was first presented at the Théâtre Montparnasse, Paris in October 1953. Translated into English by Christopher Fry in 1955, it was then adapted by Lill ...

''. Théâtre Montparnasse-Gaston Baty: 14 October 1952. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Suzanne Flon, Michel Bouquet, Marcel André. * ''

Médée ''Médée'' is a dramatic tragedy in five acts written in alexandrine verse by Pierre Corneille Pierre Corneille (; ; 6 June 1606 – 1 October 1684) was a French tragedian. He is generally considered one of the three great 17th-century Fr ...

''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 26 March 1953. Directed by André Barsacq. With Jean Servais, Michèle Alfa,

Jean-Paul Belmondo Jean-Paul Charles Belmondo (; 9 April 19336 September 2021) was a French actor. Initially associated with the New Wave of the 1960s, he was a major French film star for several decades from the 1960s onward, frequently portraying police officer ...

. (First produced in Hamburg, Germany on 2 November 1948.) * ''Cécile ou l'École des pères''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 29 October 1954. Directed by Roland Piétri. With

Henri Guisol Henri Guisol (12 October 1904 – 11 May 1994) was a French film actor. He appeared in more than seventy films from 1931 to 1980. He enjoyed a career in French ''mystery fiction, who done its'' and film noir. Filmography References External ...

, Catherine Anouilh, Maurice Méric. * ''Ornifle ou le Courant d'air''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 4 November 1955. Directed by Claude Sainval. With

Pierre Brasseur Pierre Brasseur (; 22 December 1905 – 16 August 1972), born Pierre-Albert Espinasse, was a French actor. Biography The son of actors Georges Espinasse and Germaine Brasseur was an actor as well. The family tradition of using the name ''Br ...

, Jacqueline Maillan, Louis de Funès, Catherine Anouilh. * ''Pauvre Bitos ou le Dîner de têtes''. Théâtre Montparnasse-Gaston Baty: 12 October 1956. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Michel Bouquet, Bruno Cremer, Pierre Mondy, Roland Piétri. * ''L'Hurluberlu ou le Réactionnaire amoureux''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 5 February 1959. Directed by Roland Piétri. With Paul Meurisse, Jean Claudio, Dominique Blanchar, Édith Scob. * '' Becket ou l'Honneur de Dieu''. Théâtre Montparnasse-Gaston Baty: 1 October 1959. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Daniel Ivernel and Bruno Cremer. * ''La Petite Molière''. Co-written by Roland Laudenbach. Odéon-Théâtre de France: 12 November 1959. Directed by Jean-Louis Barrault. With Jean-Louis Barrault, Madeleine Renaud, Simone Valère, Jean Desailly, Catherine Anouilh. * ''Le Songe du critique''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 5 November 1960. Directed by the author. With Jean Le Poulain, Denise Benoît, François Périer, Claude Sainval, Roland Piétri. * ''La Grotte''. Théâtre Montparnasse-Gaston Baty: 6 October 1961. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Jean Le Poulain,

Lila Kedrova Yelizaveta Nikolaevna Kedrova (Russian: Елизавета Николаевна Кедрова; 9 October 1909 – 16 February 2000), known as Lila Kedrova, was a Russian actress of the screen and stage. She won the Academy Award for Best Suppo ...

. * ''L'Orchestre''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 20 October 1962. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Madeleine Barbulée, Dominique Davray, Henri Virlogeux. * ''La Foire d'empoigne''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 20 October 1962. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Paul Meurisse, Henri Virlogeux. * ''Le Boulanger, la boulangère et le petit mitron''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 14 November 1968. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Michel Bouquet, Sophie Daumier, Jean Parédès, Édith Scob. * '' Cher Antoine ou l'Amour raté''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 1 October 1969. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Jacques François, Françoise Rosay, Francine Bergé. * '' Les Poissons rouges ou Mon père ce héros''. Théâtre de l'Œuvre: 21 January 1970. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Marcel Galabru, Jean-Pierre Marielle, Lyne Chardonnet, Madeleine Barbulée. * ''Ne réveillez pas Madame''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 21 October 1970. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With François Périer, Jean Parédès, Danièle Lebrun. * ''Tu étais si gentil quand tu étais petit''. Théâtre Antoine: 17 January 1972. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Francine Bergé, Danièle Lebrun, Claude Giraud. * ''Le Directeur de l'Opéra''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 27 September 1972. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Paul Meurisse, Jean Parédès, Madeleine Barbulée. * ''Monsieur Barnett''. Café-Théâtre des Halles: 29 October 1974. Directed by Nicole Anouilh. With Jean Périmony, Bernard Tixier, Christine Murillo. (First produced in Bristol, UK on 12 September 1967.) * ''L'Arrestation''. Théâtre de l'Athénée: 20 September 1975. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Claude Dauphin, Jacques François, Geneviève Fontanel. * ''Le Scénario''. Théâtre de l'Œuvre: 29 September 1976. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Daniel Gélin, Jacques Fabbri,

Sabine Azéma Sabine Azéma (born 20 September 1949) is a French stage and film actress and director. Born in Paris, she graduated from the Paris Conservatory of Dramatic Arts. Career Her film career began in 1975. Azéma appeared in '' A Sunday in the C ...

. * '' Chers zoiseaux''. Comédie des Champs-Elysées: 3 December 1976. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Guy Tréjan, Françoise Brion, Jacques Castelot, Michel Lonsdale. * ''La Culotte''. Théâtre de l'Atelier: 19 September 1978. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With Jean-Pierre Marielle, Christian Marin, Gilberte Géniat. * ''Le Nombril'', Paris, Théâtre de l'Atelier: 24 September 1981. Directed by the author and Roland Piétri. With

Bernard Blier Bernard Blier (; 11 January 1916 – 29 March 1989) was a French character actor. Life and career Blier was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where his father, a researcher at the Pasteur Institute, was posted at the time. His rotund featu ...

, Françoise Brion, Guy Grosso, Christian Marin.

Selected theatre productions: UK

* ''Identity Unknown'' ('' Le Voyageur sans bagage''). Duke of York's Theatre, London: 5 December 1937. Presented by the London International Theatre Club. With

Bernard Lee John Bernard Lee (10 January 190816 January 1981) was an English actor, best known for his role as M in the first eleven Eon-produced James Bond films. Lee's film career spanned the years 1934 to 1979, though he had appeared on stage from ...

, Mary Merrall,

Alan Napier Alan William Napier-Clavering (7 January 1903 – 8 August 1988), better known as Alan Napier, was an English actor. After a decade in West End theatre, he had a long film career in Britain and later on in Hollywood. Napier is best remembered f ...

, Catherine Lacey. * ''

''. New Theatre, London: 10 February 1949. Directed by

Laurence Olivier Laurence Kerr Olivier, Baron Olivier ( ; 22 May 1907 – 11 July 1989) was an English actor and director. He and his contemporaries Ralph Richardson and John Gielgud made up a trio of male actors who dominated the British stage of the m ...

. With Laurence Olivier,

Vivien Leigh Vivien Leigh ( ; born Vivian Mary Hartley; 5 November 1913 – 8 July 1967), styled as Lady Olivier after 1947, was a British actress. After completing her drama school education, Leigh appeared in small roles in four films in 1935 and progress ...

, George Relph, Terence Morgan. * ''Fading Mansion'' (''Roméo et Jeanette''). Duchess Theatre, London: 31 August 1949. Directed by

Anthony Bushell Anthony Arnatt Bushell (19 May 1904 – 2 April 1997) was an English film actor and director who appeared in more than 50 films between 1929 and 1961. He played Colonel Breen in the BBC serial ''Quatermass and the Pit'' (1958–59), and also ap ...

. With Siobhan McKenna, George Relph, Michael Gough. * '' Ring Round the Moon'' (''L'Invitation au château''). Globe Theatre, London: 26 January 1950. Directed by

Peter Brook Peter Stephen Paul Brook (21 March 1925 – 2 July 2022) was an English theatre and film director. He worked first in England, from 1945 at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, from 1947 at the Royal Opera House, and from 1962 for the Royal Shak ...

. With

Paul Scofield David Paul Scofield (21 January 1922 – 19 March 2008) was an English actor. During a six-decade career, Scofield achieved the Triple Crown of Acting, winning an Academy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, and a Tony Award for his work. Scofield ...

Claire Bloom Patricia Claire Bloom (born 15 February 1931) is an English actress. She is known for leading roles on stage and screen and has received two BAFTA Awards and a Drama Desk Award as well as nominations for a Primetime Emmy Award, a Grammy Award an ...

Margaret Rutherford Dame Margaret Taylor Rutherford (11 May 1892 – 22 May 1972) was an English actress of stage, film and television. Rutherford came to national attention following World War II in the film adaptations of Noël Coward's ''Blithe Spirit (1945 f ...

, Cecil Trouncer,

Mona Washbourne Mona Lee Washbourne (27 November 1903 – 15 November 1988) was an English people, English actress of stage, film, and television. Her most critically acclaimed role was in the film ''Stevie (1978 film), Stevie'' (1978), late in her career, for ...

. * ''Point of Departure'' (''

''). Duke of York's Theatre, London: 26 December 1950. Directed by Peter Ashmore. With

Dirk Bogarde Sir Dirk Bogarde (born Derek Jules Gaspard Ulric Niven van den Bogaerde; 28 March 1921 – 8 May 1999) was an English actor, novelist and screenwriter. Initially a matinée idol in films such as ''Doctor in the House (film), Doctor in the Hous ...

(later: Peter Finch),

Mai Zetterling Mai Elisabeth Zetterling (; 24 May 1925 – 17 March 1994) was a Swedish film director, novelist and actress. Early life Zetterling was born in Västerås, Sweden to a working class family. She started her career as an actor at the age of 17 at ...

, Hugh Griffith, Stephen Murray,

Eric Pohlmann Eric Pohlmann (; born Erich Pollak; 18 July 1913 – 25 July 1979) was an Austrian theatre, film and television character actor who worked mostly in the United Kingdom. He is known for voicing Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the primary antagonist of t ...

. * '' Ardèle''. Vaudeville Theatre, London: 30 August 1951. Directed by Anthony Pelissier. With George Relph, Ronald Squire, Isabel Jeans, Nicholas Phipps, Veronica Hurst. * '' Colombe''. New Theatre, London: 13 December 1951. Directed by

. With

Yvonne Arnaud Germaine Yvonne Arnaud (20 December 1890 – 20 September 1958) was a French-born pianist, singer and actress, who was well known for her career in Britain, as well as her native land. After beginning a career as a concert pianist as a child, Ar ...

, Joyce Redman, Michael Gough, John Stratton. * '' Thieves' Carnival''. Arts Theatre, London: 2 January 1952. Directed by Roy Rich. With

John Laurie John Paton Laurie (25 March 1897 – 23 June 1980) was a Scottish stage, film, and television actor. He appeared in scores of feature films with directors including Alfred Hitchcock, David Lean, Michael Powell and Laurence Olivier, generally p ...

, Harold Lang, Robin Bailey, Maxine Audley. * '' Time Remembered'' (''Léocadia''). Lyric Hammersmith, London: 2 December 1954. Directed by William Chappell. With

Mary Ure Eileen Mary Ure (18 February 1933 – 3 April 1975) was a British actress. She was the second Scottish-born actress (after Deborah Kerr) to be nominated for an Academy Award, for her role in the 1960 film '' Sons and Lovers''. Early life Born i ...

. * '' The Lark''. Lyric Hammersmith, London: 11 May 1955. Directed by

. With Dorothy Tutin, Richard Johnson,

Donald Pleasence Donald Henry Pleasence (; 5 October 1919 – 2 February 1995) was an English actor. He was known for his "bald head and intense, staring eyes," and played more than 250 stage, film, and television roles across a nearly sixty-year career. Pleas ...

Leo McKern Reginald "Leo" McKern (16 March 1920 – 23 July 2002) was an Australian actor who appeared in numerous British, Australian and American television programmes and films, and in more than 200 stage roles. His notable roles include Clang in ...

. * ''The Ermine''. Nottingham Playhouse: 19 September 1955. Directed by John Harrison. With Frederick Bartman, Daphne Slater, Mavis Edwards,

Joan Plowright Joan Ann Olivier, Baroness Olivier (; 28 October 1929 – 16 January 2025), commonly known as Dame Joan Plowright, was an English actress whose career spanned over six decades. She received several accolades including two Golden Globe Awards, an ...

. * ''

The Waltz of the Toreadors ''The Waltz of the Toreadors'' (''La Valse des toréadors'') is a 1951 play by Jean Anouilh. Plot This bitter farce is set in 1910 France and focuses on General Léon Saint-Pé and his infatuation with Ghislaine, a woman with whom he danced at a g ...

''. Arts Theatre, London: 24 February 1956. Then Criterion Theare, London: 27 March 1956. Directed by Peter Hall. With Hugh Griffith, Beatrix Lehmann,

Brenda Bruce Brenda Bruce OBE (7 July 1919Some sources cite 17 July 1919. – 19 February 1996) was an English actress. She was focused on the theatre, radio, film, and television. Career Bruce was born in Prestwich, Lancashire, in 1919, and started ...

(later:

Renée Asherson Dorothy Renée Ascherson (19 May 1915 – 30 October 2014), known professionally as Renée Asherson, was a British actress. Much of her theatrical career was spent in Shakespearean plays, appearing at such venues as the Old Vic, the Liverpool ...

Trader Faulkner Ronald "Trader" Faulkner (7 September 1927 – 14 April 2021) was an Australian actor, raconteur and flamenco dancer, best known for his work in the UK on the stage and television. Early life Faulkner was born in Manly, Australia, the son of ...

. * ''Restless Heart'' (''La Sauvage''). St James's Theatre, London: 8 May 1957. Directed by William Chappell. With

, George Baker,

Peter Bull Peter Cecil Bull, (21 March 1912 – 20 May 1984) was a British actor who appeared on the stage and in supporting roles in such films as '' The African Queen'', '' Tom Jones'' and '' Dr. Strangelove''. Peter Bull wrote twelve books. Biograph ...

. * ''Dinner with the Family'' (''Le Rendez-vous de Senlis''). New Theatre, London: 10 December 1957. Directed by Frank Hauser. With John Justin, Jill Bennett, Alan MacNaughtan, Lally Bowers, Ian Hendry. * ''Jezebel''. Oxford Playhouse: 22 September 1958. Directed by Frank Hauser. With

, Hermione Baddeley, Doreen Aris. (Premiered in Rio de Janeiro in 1942, this play was never produced in France.) * '' Traveller Without Luggage''. Arts Theatre, London: 29 January 1959. Directed by Peter Hall. With Denholm Elliott,

Joyce Carey Joyce Carey (30 March 1898 – 28 February 1993) was an English actress, best known for her long professional and personal relationship with Noël Coward. Her stage career lasted from 1916 until 1987, and she was performing on television in he ...

, Geoffrey Keen, Elizabeth Sellars. * ''The Rehearsal'' (''La Répétition ou l'Amour puni''). Globe Theatre, London: 6 April 1961. Directed by John Hale. With Alan Badel, Phyllis Calvert,

Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy (29 October 1925 – 3 August 2017) was an English actor who had a long career in theatre, film and television. He began his career as a classical actor and later earned widespread recognition for roles such as Siegf ...

Maggie Smith Dame Margaret Natalie Smith (28 December 1934 – 27 September 2024) was a British actress. Known for her wit in both comedic and dramatic roles, she had List of Maggie Smith performances, an extensive career on stage and screen for over seve ...

(later: Jennifer Daniel). * '' Becket''. Aldwych Theatre, London: 11 July 1961. Then Globe Theatre, London: 13 December 1961. Directed by Peter Hall. With

Christopher Plummer Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer (December 13, 1929 – February 5, 2021) was a Canadian actor. His career spanned seven decades, gaining him recognition for his performances in film, stage and television. His accolades included an Academy Aw ...

and

Eric Porter Eric Richard Porter (8 April 192815 May 1995) was an English actor of stage, film and television. Early life Porter was born in Shepherd's Bush, London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdo ...

. * ''Poor Bitos''. Arts Theatre, London: 13 November 1963. Then Duke of York's Theatre, London: 6 January 1964. Directed by Shirley Butler. With

(later: Peter Woodthorpe), Charles Gray, Ronald Lewis, Terence Alexander. * ''The Cavern'' (''La Grotte''). Strand Theatre, London: 11 November 1965. Directed by Donald McWhinnie. With

Alec McCowen Alexander Duncan McCowen, (26 May 1925 – 6 February 2017) was an English actor. He was known for his work in numerous film and stage productions. Early life McCowen was born in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, the son of Mary (née Walkden), a dancer ...

, Siobhan McKenna, Griffith Jones,

Gemma Jones Jennifer "Gemma" Jones (born 4 December 1942) is an English actress. Appearing on both stage and screen, her film appearances include ''Sense and Sensibility (film), Sense and Sensibility'' (1995), the Bridget Jones (film series), ''Bridget Jo ...

. * '' The Fighting Cock'' (''L'Hurluberlu ou le Réactionnaire amoureux''). Festival Theatre, Chichester: 7 June 1966. Then Duke of York's Theatre, London: 25 October 1966. Directed by Norman Marshall. With John Clements, Zena Walker, John Standing. * ''Monsieur Barnett'' plus ''The Orchestra''. Bristol Old Vic Company, Bristol: 12 September 1967. Directed by Antony Tuckey. With Martin Friend,

Stephanie Beacham Stephanie Beacham (born 28 February 1947) is an English actress. In a career spanning six decades, she has a wide number of credits to her name on film, television, stage and radio in both the United Kingdom and the United States. Beacham beg ...

, Maggie Jones, Thelma Barlow, Marcia Warren. * '' Ring Round the Moon''. Haymarket Theatre, London: 30 October 1968. Directed by Noel Willman. With John Standing, Maureen O'Brien, Isabel Jeans, Bill Fraser, Flora Robson. * '' Dear Antoine''. Festival Theatre, Chichester: 19 May 1971. Then Piccadilly Theatre, London: 3 November 1971. Directed by Robin Phillips. With John Clements,

Edith Evans Dame Edith Mary Evans (8 February 1888 – 14 October 1976) was an English actress. She was best known for Edith Evans – stage and film roles, her work on the West End theatre, West End stage, but also appeared in films at the beginning and t ...

( Isabel Jeans in London), Joyce Redman,

. * ''The Baker, the Baker's Wife and the Baker's Boy''. University Theatre, Newcastle: 28 September 1972. Directed by Gareth Morgan. With

Freddie Jones Frederick Charles Jones''Births, Marriages & Deaths Index of England & Wales, 1916-2005.''; at ancestry.com (12 September 1927 – 9 July 2019) was an English actor who had an extensive career in television, theatre and cinema productions for ...

, Yvonne Mitchell, Tim Barlow, Gillian Hanna. * ''The Director of the Opera''. Festival Theatre, Chichester: 8 May 1973. Directed by Peter Dews. With John Clements, Richard Pearson, Penelope Wilton. * ''

''. Haymarket Theatre, London: 14 February 1974. Directed by Peter Dews. With

Trevor Howard Trevor Wallace Howard-Smith (29 September 1913 – 7 January 1988) was an English stage and screen actor. After varied work in the theatre, he achieved leading man star status in the film '' Brief Encounter'' (1945), followed by '' The Third M ...

, Coral Browne, Zena Walker,

Ian Ogilvy Ian Raymond Ogilvy (born 30 September 1943) is an English actor, playwright and novelist. Early life Ogilvy was born in Woking, Surrey, England, to Francis Fairfield Ogilvy, brother of advertising executive David Ogilvy, and actress Aileen R ...

. * ''You Were So Sweet When You Were Little''. New End Theatre, London: 9 April 1974. Directed by Misha Williams. With

Angela Pleasence Daphne Anne Angela Pleasence (born 30 September 1941) is an English actress. Trained in theatre, Pleasence's first major film role came in '' Hitler: The Last Ten Days'' (1973), followed by roles in horror films such as '' From Beyond the Grave' ...

, Paul Jones, Andrew Crawford. * ''The Arrest''. Bristol Old Vic, Bristol: 27 November 1974. Directed by Val May. With Alan Dobie,

John Hurt Sir John Vincent Hurt (22 January 1940 – 28 January 2017) was an English actor. Regarded as one of the finest actors of his time and known for the "most distinctive voice in Cinema of the United Kingdom, Britain", he was described by David Ly ...

, Michael Rothwell,

Charlotte Cornwell Charlotte Cornwell (26 April 1949 – 16 January 2021) was an English actress, singer, and a teacher of acting on the faculty at the University of Southern California (2003–2012). Cornwell began her career as an actress, making her debut for ...

. (World premiere.) * '' Ardèle''. Queen's Theatre, London: 18 June 1975. Directed by Frith Banbury. With Charles Gray,

Vincent Price Vincent Leonard Price Jr. (May 27, 1911 – October 25, 1993) was an American actor. He was known for his work in the horror film genre, mostly portraying villains. He appeared on stage, television, and radio, and in more than 100 films. Price ...

, Coral Browne, Allan Cuthbertson, Lalla Ward. * ''The Scenario''. Forum Theatre, Billingham: 29 November 1976. Directed by

Stuart Burge Stuart Burge (15 January 1918 – 24 January 2002) was an English stage and film director, actor and producer. The son of H. O. Burge, by his marriage to K. M. Haig, Burge was educated at Eagle House School, Sandhurst, and Felsted School, E ...

. With

Gary Bond Gary James Bond (7 February 1940 – 12 October 1995) was an English actor and singer. He is known for originating the role of Joseph in Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical ''Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat'', his performanc ...

, John Bluthal,

Angela Douglas Angela Douglas (born Angela McDonagh) is an English actress. Early life Douglas was born in Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire circa 1940. Career Douglas started acting as a teenager, joining the Worthing, West Sussex repertory theatre, repert ...

. * ''The Rehearsal''. Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, Guildford: 18 January 1983, then touring. Directed by

Gillian Lynne Dame Gillian Barbara Lynne (née Pyrke; 20 February 1926 – 1 July 2018) was an English ballerina, dancer, choreographer, actress, and theatre-television director, noted for her theatre choreography associated with two of the longest-runni ...

. With Dinsdale Landen, Leslie Caron, Peter Jeffrey, Lalla Ward. * ''Number One'' (''Le Nombril''). Theatre Royal, Windsor: 13 March 1984. Then Queen's Theatre, London: 24 April 1984. Directed by Robert Chetwyn. With

Margaret Whiting Margaret Eleanor Whiting (July 22, 1924 – January 10, 2011) was an American singer of popular music who gained popularity in the 1940s and 1950s.Mapes, Jillian.Margaret Whiting, Iconic Standards Singer, Dies at 86. ''Billboard'', January 12, ...

Anthony Sharp Dennis Anthony John Sharp (16 June 1915 – 23 July 1984) was an English actor, writer and director. Stage career Anthony Sharp was a graduate of the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art ( LAMDA) and made his stage debut in February 1938 ...

, Peter Blythe. * '' Ring Round the Moon''. Festival Theatre, Chichester: 1 August 1988. Directed by Elijah Moshinsky. With

Michael Siberry Michael Siberry (born 1956) is an Australian stage and screen actor. Life and career Siberry was born in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. He graduated from the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney, Australia and began his career in Adelai ...

Holly Aird Imogen Holly Aird (born 18 May 1969) is an English television actress. She was born in Aldershot, Hampshire. Career Aird was spotted by a casting director at age nine whilst at Bush Davies Ballet School and starred in the 1980 dramatisation o ...

, Googie Withers,

José Ferrer José Vicente Ferrer de Otero y Cintrón (January 8, 1912 – January 26, 1992) was a Puerto Ricans, Puerto Rican actor and director of stage, film and television. He was one of the most celebrated and esteemed Hispanic and Latino Americans, Hi ...

June Whitfield Dame June Rosemary Whitfield (11 November 1925 – 29 December 2018) was an English radio, television and film actress. Whitfield's big break was a lead in the radio comedy '' Take It from Here'', which aired on the BBC Light Programme ...

. * ''

''. Minerva Theatre, Chichester: 6 June 1990. Directed by Michael Rudman. With William Oxborrow, Shirley Henderson,

Simon McBurney Simon Montagu McBurney (born 25 August 1957) is an English actor, playwright, and theatre and opera director. He is the founder and artistic director of the Complicité, Théâtre de Complicité, London. He has had roles in the films ''The Manch ...

. * ''The Rehearsal''. Almeida Theatre, London: 13 September 1990. Then Garrick Theatre, London: 14 November 1990. Directed by Ian McDiarmid. With Jonathan Kent (later: Miles Anderson), Nicola Pagett (later: Mel Martin),

Jonathan Hyde Jonathan Stephen Geoffrey King (born 21 May 1948), known professionally as Jonathan Hyde, is an Australian actor. Hyde is perhaps best known for roles as Herbert Arthur Runcible Cadbury in the comedy film '' Richie Rich'' (1994), Samuel Parrish ...

(later:

), Julia Ormond (later: Valerie Gogan). * '' Becket''. Haymarket Theatre, London: 8 October 1991. Directed by Elijah Moshinsky. With Robert Lindsay and

Derek Jacobi Sir Derek George Jacobi (; born 22 October 1938) is an English actor. Known for his roles on stage and screen as well as for his work at the Royal National Theatre, he has received numerous accolades including a Tony Award, a BAFTA Award, two ...

. * '' Mademoiselle Colombe''. Bridewell Theatre, London: 4 October 2000. Directed by Graeme Messer. With Honor Blackman, Donald Pickering, Sophie Bold. * ''Wild Orchids'' (''

''). Festival Theatre, Chichester: 29 May 2002. Directed by Edward Kemp. With Catherine Walker,

Andrew Scarborough Andrew Scarborough (born 1973) is an English actor, most widely known for his starring role on screen as Tim Drewe in the multi BAFTA and Emmy award-winning ''Downton Abbey''. He also co-starred as Colonel Fielding in the film ‘’ The War Be ...

, Patricia Routledge. * ''

''. Minerva Theatre, Chichester: 16 June 2007. Directed by Angus Jackson. With

Peter Bowles Peter John Bowles (16 October 1936 – 17 March 2022) was an English screen and stage actor. He gained prominence for television dramas such as '' Callan: A Magnum for Schneider'' and '' I, Claudius''. He is best remembered for his roles in sit ...

, Maggie Steed, Catherine Russell, Al Weaver. * '' Ring Round the Moon''. Playhouse Theatre, London: 19 February 2008. Directed by Sean Mathias. With JJ Feild,

Fiona Button Fiona Button is an English actress. She is best known for playing Rose Defoe in '' The Split''. Early life and education Button was born in Lausanne, Switzerland, and grew up in Newbury, Berkshire. She made her professional stage debut at th ...

, Angela Thorne, Leigh Lawson, Belinda Lang. * ''The Rehearsal''. Minerva Theatre, Chichester: 18 May 2015. Directed by

Jeremy Sams Jeremy Sams (born 12 January 1957) is a British theatre director, composer, and lyricist. Early life and education Sams is the son of the Shakespearean scholar and musicologist Eric Sams. He read music, French, and German at Magdalene Colleg ...

. With Edward Bennett,

Niamh Cusack Niamh Cusack ( ; born 20 October 1959) is an Irish actress. Born into a family with deep roots in the performing arts, she has performed extensively with the Royal Shakespeare Company, the Royal National Theatre, and other prominent theatre ens ...

, Jamie Glover, Gabrielle Dempsey. * ''Welcome Home, Captain Fox!'' ('' Le Voyageur sans bagage''). Donmar Warehouse, London: 6 March 2016. Directed by Blanche McIntyre. With Rory Keenan, Sian Thomas,

Fenella Woolgar Fenella Woolgar (born 4 August 1969) is an English film, theatre, television and radio actress. She is known for her roles in films including '' Bright Young Things'', '' Swallows and Amazons'' and '' Victoria and Abdul'' and for TV shows incl ...

. * ''The Orchestra''. Omnibus Theatre, London: 29 January 2019. Directed by Kristine Landon-Smith. With Amanda Osborne, Sarah Waddell, Stefania Licari.

Selected theatre productions: USA

* ''

''. Cort Theatre, New York City: 18 February 1946. Directed by

Guthrie McClintic Guthrie McClintic (August 6, 1893 – October 29, 1961) was an American theatre director, film director, and producer based in New York. Life and career McClintic was born in Seattle, attended Washington University in St. Louis and New York's A ...

. With

Katharine Cornell Katharine Cornell (February 16, 1893 – June 9, 1974) was an American stage actress, writer, theater owner and producer. She was born in Berlin to American parents and raised in Buffalo, New York. Dubbed "The First Lady of the Theatre" by cri ...

Cedric Hardwicke Sir Cedric Webster Hardwicke (19 February 1893 – 6 August 1964) was an English stage and film actor whose career spanned over 50 years. His theatre work included notable performances in productions of the plays of Shakespeare and Shaw, and hi ...

. * '' Cry of the Peacock'' (''Ardèle ou la Marguerite''). Mansfield Theatre, New York City: 11 April 1950. Directed by Martin Ritt. With

Raymond Lovell Raymond Lovell (13 April 1900 – 1 October 1953) was a Canadian actor who performed in British films. He mainly played supporting roles, often somewhat pompous characters. Lovell initially trained as a physician at Cambridge University, but g ...

, Oscar Karlweis, Marta Linden. * '' Ring Round the Moon'' (''L'Invitation au château''). Martin Beck Theatre, New York City: 23 November 1950. Directed by Gilbert Miller. With Denholm Elliott, Stella Andrew,

Lucile Watson Lucile Watson (May 27, 1879 – June 24, 1962) was a Canadian actress, long based in the United States. She was "famous for her roles of formidable dowagers." Early years Watson was born in Quebec and raised in Ottawa, the daughter of an offi ...

, Oscar Karlweis, Brenda Forbes. * ''Legend of Lovers'' (''

''). Plymouth Theatre, New York City: 26 December 1951. Directed by Peter Ashmore. With

Richard Burton Richard Burton (; born Richard Walter Jenkins Jr.; 10 November 1925 – 5 August 1984) was a Welsh actor. Noted for his mellifluous baritone voice, Burton established himself as a formidable Shakespearean actor in the 1950s and gave a memor ...

, Dorothy McGuire, Hugh Griffith, Noel Willman. * '' Mademoiselle Colombe''. Longacre Theatre, New York City: 6 January 1954. Directed by Harold Clurman. With

Edna Best Edna Clara Best (3 March 1900 – 18 September 1974) was a British actress. Early life Born in Hove, Sussex, England, she was educated in Brighton and later studied dramatic acting under Miss Kate Rorke who was the first professor of Drama at ...

, Julie Harris,

Eli Wallach Eli Herschel Wallach ( ; December 7, 1915 – June 24, 2014) was an American film, television, and stage actor from New York City. Known for his character actor roles, his entertainment career spanned over six decades. He received a British Aca ...

. * ''Thieves' Carnival''. Cherry Lane Theatre, New York City (off-Broadway): 1 June 1955. Directed by Warren Enters. With William LeMassena, Stuart Vaughan,

Tom Bosley Thomas Edward Bosley (October 1, 1927 – October 19, 2010) was an American actor, television personality and entertainer. Bosley is best known for portraying Howard Cunningham (Happy Days character), Howard Cunningham on the American Broadcasti ...

Frances Sternhagen Frances Hussey Sternhagen (January 13, 1930 – November 27, 2023) was an American actress. She was known as a character actress who appeared on- and off-Broadway, in movies, and on television for over six decades.Joy, Car"Frances Sternhagen i ...

. * '' The Lark''. Longacre Theatre, New York City: 17 November 1955. Directed by

Joseph Anthony Joseph Anthony (born Joseph Deuster; May 24, 1912 – January 20, 1993) was an American playwright, actor, and director. He made his film acting debut in the 1934 film ''Hat, Coat, and Glove'' and his theatrical acting debut in a 1935 productio ...

. With Julie Harris,

Theodore Bikel Theodore Meir Bikel ( ; May 2, 1924 – July 21, 2015) was an Austrian-American actor, singer, musician, composer, unionist, and political activist. He made his stage debut in '' Tevye the Milkman'' in Mandatory Palestine, where he lived as ...

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, Joseph Wiseman, Paul Roebling. * ''

''. Coronet Theatre, New York City: 17 January 1957. Directed by Harold Clurman. With Ralph Richardson (later:

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), Mildred Natwick. * '' Time Remembered'' (''Léocadia''). Morosco Theatre, New York City: 12 November 1957. Directed by Albert Marre. With Richard Burton,

Susan Strasberg Susan Elizabeth Strasberg (May 22, 1938 – January 21, 1999) was an American stage, film, and television actress. Thought to be the next Audrey Hepburn, Hepburn-type Ingénue, ingenue, she was nominated for a Tony Award at age 18, playing the ti ...

Helen Hayes Helen Hayes MacArthur (; October 10, 1900 – March 17, 1993) was an American actress. Often referred to as the "First Lady of American Theatre", she was the second person and first woman to win EGOT, the EGOT (an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and ...

. * '' The Fighting Cock'' (''L'Hurluberlu ou le Réactionnaire amoureux''). ANTA Playhouse, New York City: 8 December 1959. Directed by

. With

Rex Harrison Sir Reginald Carey Harrison (5 March 1908 – 2 June 1990) was an English actor. Harrison began his career on the stage at the Liverpool Playhouse in 1924. He made his West End debut in 1936 appearing in the Terence Rattigan play '' French W ...

Roddy McDowall Roderick Andrew Anthony Jude McDowall (17 September 1928 – 3 October 1998) was a British-American actor whose career spanned over 270 screen and stage roles across over 60 years. Born in London, he began his acting career as a child in his n ...

, Natasha Parry, Michael Gough, Alan MacNaughtan,

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. * ''Jeanette'' (''Roméo et Jeanette''). Maidman Playhouse, New York City (off-Broadway): 24 March 1960. Directed by Harold Clurman. With Juleen Compton,

Geoffrey Horne Geoffrey Horne (born August 22, 1933) is an American actor, director, and acting coach at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute. His film and television credits include '' The Bridge on the River Kwai'', '' Bonjour Tristesse'', '' The St ...

, Patricia Bosworth, Sorrell Booke. * '' Becket''. St James Theatre, New York City: 5 October 1960. Directed by

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. With

and

Anthony Quinn Manuel Antonio Rodolfo Quinn Oaxaca (April 21, 1915 – June 3, 2001), known as Anthony Quinn, was an American actor. He was known for his portrayal of earthy, passionate characters "marked by a brutal and elemental virility" in over 100 ...

. Then Hudson Theatre, New York City: 8 May 1961, with Olivier and Arthur Kennedy. * ''The Rehearsal''. Royale Theatre, New York City: 23 September 1963. Directed by Peter Coe. With Alan Badel, Coral Browne, Keith Michell, Jennifer Hilary. * '' Traveller Without Luggage''. ANTA Playhouse, New York City: 17 September 1964. Directed by Robert Lewis. With

Ben Gazzara Biagio Anthony "Ben" Gazzara (August 28, 1930 – February 3, 2012) was an American actor and director of film, stage, and television. He received numerous accolades including a Primetime Emmy Award and a Drama Desk Award, in addition to nomina ...

, Mildred Dunnock. * ''Poor Bitos''. Cort Theatre, New York City: 14 November 1964. Directed by Shirley Butler. With

, Charles Gray. * ''

''. American Shakespeare Festival Theatre, Stratford, Connecticut: 18 June 1967. Directed by Jerome Kilty. With Maria Tucci, Morris Carnovsky, Tom Aldredge. * ''The Orchestra''. Academy Playhouse, Lake Forest, Illinois: summer 1973. Directed by José Quintero. * ''

''. Circle in the Square Theatre, New York City: 13 September 1973. Directed by Brian Murray. With Eli Wallach,

Anne Jackson Anne Jackson (September 3, 1925 – April 12, 2016); retrieved April 16, 2016Archivedfrom the original on April 16, 2016. was an American actress of stage, screen, and television. She was the wife of actor Eli Wallach, with whom she often co-sta ...

, Diana Van der Vlis, Ben Masters. * '' Ring Round the Moon''. Ahmanson Theatre, Los Angeles: 27 March 1975. Directed by Joseph Hardy. With

Michael York Michael York (born Michael Hugh Johnson; 27 March 1942) is an English film, television, and stage actor. After performing on stage with the Royal National Theatre, he had a breakthrough in films by playing Tybalt in Franco Zeffirelli's ''Romeo ...

, Kitty Winn,

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. * ''

''. Union Square Theatre (off-Broadway): 25 September 1985. Directed by Richard Russell Ramos. With Lee Richardson, Tammy Grimes, Carole Shelley, Alvin Epstein. * ''The Rehearsal''. Criterion Center Stage Right, New York City: 21 November 1996. Directed by Nicholas Martin. With Roger Rees,

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, David Threlfall,

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. * '' Ring Round the Moon''. Belasco Theatre, New York City: 28 April 1999. Directed by Gerald Gutierrez. With Toby Stephens, Gretchen Egolf,

Marian Seldes Marian Hall Seldes (August 23, 1928 – October 6, 2014) was an American actress. A five-time Tony Award nominee, she won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for '' A Delicate Balance'' in 1967, and received subsequent nominations ...

, Fritz Weaver, Joyce Van Patten.

Selected film credits

* ''Les Dégourdis de la onzième'' by Jean Anouilh et al. 1936. * ''Vous n'avez rien à déclarer?'' by Jean Anouilh et al. 1937. * '' La Citadelle du silence'' by Jean Anouilh et al. Impérial Film, 1937. * ''Les Otages'' by Jean Anouilh et al. Nero-Film AG, 1938. * '' Calvacade d'amour'' by Jean Anouilh and Jean Aurenche. Pressburger Films, 1940. * '' Marie-Martine'' by Jean Anouilh (uncredited) and Jacques Viot. Eclair-Journal, 1943. * '' Le Voyageur sans bagage'' by Jean Anouilh and Jean Aurenche, based on Anouilh's play. Also directed by Anouilh. Eclair-Journal, 1944. * '' Monsieur Vincent'' by Jean Anouilh,

Jean Bernard-Luc Jean Bernard-Luc, real name Lucien Boudousse, (Guatemala City, 8 February 1909 – Pontoise (Val-d'Oise), 18 May 1985) was a 20th-century French screenwriter and dialoguist. Biography Born in Guatemala, he arrived in France with his parents age ...

and

Maurice Cloche Maurice Cloche (17 June 1907, in Commercy, Meuse (department), Meuse – 20 March 1990, in Bordeaux, France) was a French people, French film director, screenwriter, photographer and film producer. Best known for his Oscar-winning film ''Monsieur V ...

. EDIC/Union Générale Cinématographique, 1947. * ''

Anna Karenina ''Anna Karenina'' ( rus, Анна Каренина, p=ˈanːə kɐˈrʲenʲɪnə) is a novel by the Russian author Leo Tolstoy, first published in book form in 1878. Tolstoy called it his first true novel. It was initially released in serial in ...

'' by Jean Anouilh, Guy Morgan and

Julien Duvivier Julien Duvivier (; 8 October 1896 – 29 October 1967) was a French film director and screenwriter. He was prominent in French cinema in the years 1930–1960. Amongst his most original films, chiefly notable are ''La Bandera (film), La Bandera'', ...

. London Film Productions, 1948. * '' White Paws'' by Jean Anouilh and Jean Bernard-Luc. Majestic Films, 1949. * '' Caroline chérie'' by Jean Anouilh and Cécil Saint-Laurent. Cinéphonic/ Gaumont, 1950. * '' Two Pennies Worth of Violets'' by Monelle Valentin and (uncredited) Jean Anouilh. Also directed by Anouilh. Gaumont, 1951. * '' Le Rideau rouge'' by Jean Anouilh and André Barsacq. Gaumont, 1952. * ''

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''. Screenplay by Forest Judd, David Robinson and Leonardo Bercovici, based on the Anouilh play ''Roméo et Jeannette''. CFG Productions/Film Group Judd, 1952. * '' A Caprice of Darling Caroline'' by Jean Anouilh and Cécil Saint-Laurent. Cinéphonic, 1953. * ''

Le Chevalier de la nuit ''The Knight of the Night'' , is a French comedy film from 1953, directed by Robert Darène, written by Jean Anouilh, starring Renée Saint-Cyr, Jean-Claude Pascal and Louis de Funès. The film is known under the titles: "Femmes de Paris", ...

'' by Jean Anouilh and Robert Darène. Telenet Film, 1954. * ''La Mort de Belle'' by Jean Anouilh, after

Georges Simenon Georges Joseph Christian Simenon (; 12/13 February 1903 – 4 September 1989) was a Belgian writer who created the fictional detective Jules Maigret. One of the most prolific and successful authors of the 20th century, he published around 400 ...

. Cinéphonic/Odeon, 1961. * '' Waltz of the Toreadors''. Screenplay by Wolf Mankowitz, from the play by Jean Anouilh. With

Peter Sellers Peter Sellers (born Richard Henry Sellers; 8 September 1925 – 24 July 1980) was an English actor and comedian. He first came to prominence performing in the BBC Radio comedy series ''The Goon Show''. Sellers featured on a number of hit comi ...

, Margaret Leighton, Cyril Cusack. Independent Artists, 1962. * '' Becket''. Screenplay by

Edward Anhalt Edward Anhalt (March 28, 1914 – September 3, 2000) was an American screenwriter, producer, and documentary filmmaker. After working as a journalist and documentary filmmaker for Pathé and CBS-TV, he teamed with his wife Edna Anhalt, one of ...

, from the play by Jean Anouilh. With Peter O'Toole,

John Gielgud Sir Arthur John Gielgud ( ; 14 April 1904 – 21 May 2000) was an English actor and theatre director whose career spanned eight decades. With Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier, he was one of the trinity of actors who dominated the Britis ...

. Hal Wallis Productions, 1964. * '' La Ronde'' by Jean Anouilh, after

Arthur Schnitzler Arthur Schnitzler (15 May 1862 – 21 October 1931) was an Austrian author and dramatist. He is considered one of the most significant representatives of Viennese Modernism. Schnitzler’s works, which include psychological dramas and narratives ...

. Interopa Film/Paris Film Productions/Société Nouvelle Pathé Cinéma, 1964. * '' Piége pour Cendrillon'' by Jean Anouilh and

André Cayatte André Cayatte (; 3 February 1909 – 6 February 1989) was a French filmmaker, writer and lawyer, who became known for his films centering on themes of crime, justice, and moral responsibility. Biography Cayatte began his directoral career at ...

, after

Sébastien Japrisot Sébastien Japrisot (; 4 July 1931 – 4 March 2003) was a French author, screenwriter and film director. His pseudonym was an anagram of Jean-Baptiste Rossi, his real name. Renowned for subverting the rules of the crime genre, Japrisot broke do ...

. Gaumont International/Jolly Film, 1965. * '' A Time for Loving'' by Jean Anouilh. London Screenplays, 1971. * ''O, ra tkbilia ganshorebis es nazi sevda'' (''Oh, How Sweet is This Tender Sadness on Parting''). Screenplay by Keti Dolidze, based on the Anouilh play ''Eurydice''. Georgian-Film, 1991. * '' Vous n'avez encore rien vu'' (''You Ain't Seen Nothin' Yet''). Screenplay by Alain Resnais and Laurent Herbiet, based on the Anouilh plays ''Eurydice'' and ''Cher Antoine ou l'Amour raté''. F Comme Film, 2012.

Selected television productions

* ''Catch as Catch Can'' (aka) 'The Rehearsal', or 'Le Balcon' ('The Balcony'), Wednesday Play, 1964 (30th. Sept.).

Kenneth Williams Kenneth Charles Williams (22 February 1926 – 15 April 1988) was a British actor and comedian. He was best known for his comedy roles and in later life as a raconteur and diarist. He was one of the main ensemble in 26 of the 31 ''Carry ...

as Napoleon. * ''The Lark'', translated from ''L'Alouette''. BBC Saturday-Night Theatre, 1956. * '. 1976. * ''Histoire du chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut''. Hungarian TV/ Télécip, 1978. * ''La Belle vie''. 1979. * ''Le Diable amoureux'' by Jean Anouilh et al. Bayerischer Rundfunk/France2/ Radiotelevisão Portuguesa/Telmondis/Westdeutscher Rundfunk, 1991.

Published plays

* ''Y'avait un prisonnier'' (Paris: L'Illustration, 1935). * ''Le Voyageur sans bagage'' (Paris: L'Illustration, 1937); translated by John Whiting as ''Traveler without Luggage'' (London: Methuen, 1959). * ''Les Bal des voleurs'' (Paris: Fayard, 1938). * ''Antigone'' (Paris: Didier, 1942); translated by Lewis Galantière as Antigone (New York: Random House, 1946). * ''Pièces roses'' (Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 1942) – comprises ''Le Bal des voleurs,'' ''Le Rendez-vous de Senlis,'' and ''Léocadia;'' ''Le Bal des voleurs'' translated by Lucienne Hill as ''Thieves' Carnival'' (London: Methuen, 1952); ''Le Rendez-vous de Senlis'' translated by Edwin O. Marsh as ''Dinner with the Family'' (London: Methuen, 1958); Léocadia translated by Patricia Moyes as ''Time Remembered'' (London: S. French, 1954). * ''Pièces noires'' (Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 1942) – comprises ''L'Hermine,'' ''La Sauvage, Le Voyageur sans bagage,'' and ''Eurydice;'' ''L'Hermine'' translated by Miriam John as ''The Ermine'', in ''Jean Anouilh ... Plays'', volume 1 (New York: Hill & Wang, 1958); ''La Sauvage'' translated by Hill as ''Restless Heart'' (London: Methuen, 1957); ''Eurydice'' translated by Kitty Black as ''Point of Departure'' (London: S. French, 1951); republished as ''Legend of Lovers'' (New York: Coward-McCann, 1952). * ''Nouvelles pièces noires'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1946) – comprises ''Jézabel,'' ''Antigone,'' ''Roméo et Jeannette,'' and ''Médée;'' ''Roméo et Jeannette'' translated by John as ''Romeo and Jeannette,'' in ''Jean Anouilh ... Plays,'' volume 1 (New York : Hill & Wang, 1958); "Médée" translated in ''The Modern Theatre,'' volume 5, edited by Eric Bentley (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1957). * ''Pièces brillantes'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1951) – comprises ''L'Invitation au château,'' ''Colombe,'' ''La Répétition, ou L'Amour puni,'' and ''Cécile, ou L'Ecole des pères;'' *'' L'Invitation au château'' translated by

Christopher Fry Christopher Fry (18 December 1907 – 30 June 2005) was an English poet and playwright. He is best known for his verse dramas, especially '' The Lady's Not for Burning'', which made him a major force in theatre in the 1940s and 1950s. Biograp ...

as '' Ring round the Moon'' (London: Methuen, 1950); ''Colombe'' translated by Louis Kronenberger as ''Mademoiselle Colombe'' (New York: Coward-McCann, 1954). * ''L'Alouette'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1953); translated by Fry as '' The Lark'' (London: Methuen, 1955). * ''Pièces grinçantes'' (Paris: La Table ronde, 1956) – comprises ''Ardèle, ou La Marguerite,'' ''La Valse des Toréadors,'' ''Ornifle, ou Le Courant d'air,'' and ''Pauvre Bitos, ou Le Dîner de têtes;'' ''Ardèle, ou La Marguerite'' translated by Hill as ''Ardèle'' (London: Methuen, 1951); ''La Valse des Toréadors'' translated by Hill as ''Waltz of the Toreadors'' (London: Elek, 1953; New York: Coward-McCann, 1953); ''Ornifle,'' ou ''Le Courant d'air'' translated by Hill as ''It's Later Than You Think'' (Chicago: Dramatic, 1970); Pauvre Bitos, ou Le dîner de têtes translated by Hill as Poor Bitos (London: Methuen, 1956). * '' Humulus le muet'', with Jean Aurenche (Grenoble: Françaises Nouvelles, 1958). * ''Becket, ou L'Honneur de Dieu'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1959); translated by Hill as ''Becket, or The Honor of God'' (New York: Coward-McCann, 1960). * ''La Petite Molière'' (Paris: L'Avant-Scène, 1959). * ''L'Hurluberlu, ou Le Réactionnaire amoureux'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1959); translated by Hill as ''The Fighting Cock'' (London: Methuen, 1967). * ''Madame de ...'', translated by Whiting (London: S. French, 1959). * ''Le Songe du critique'', edited by Richard Fenzl, (Dortmund: Lensing, 1960). * ''La Foire d'empoigne'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1960); translated by Anouilh and

as ''Catch as Catch Can,'' in ''Jean Anouilh ... Plays,'' volume 3 (New York: Hill & Wang, 1967). * ''La Grotte'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1961); translated by Hill as ''The Cavern'' (New York: Hill & Wang, 1966). * ''Fables'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1962). * ''Le Boulanger, la boulangère, et le petit mitron'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1969). * ''Cher Antoine, ou L'Amour rate'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1969); translated by Hill as ''Dear Antoine, or The Love That Failed'' (New York: Hill & Wang, 1971; London: Eyre Methuen, 1971). * ''Les Poissons rouges, ou Mon Père, ce héros'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1970). * ''Ne Réveillez pas Madame'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1970). * ''Nouvelles Pièces grinçantes'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1970)--includes ''L'Hurluberlu, ou Le Réactionnaire amoureux,'' ''La Grotte,'' ''L'Orchestre,'' ''Le Boulanger, la boulangère, et le petit mitron,'' and ''Les Poissons rouges, ou Mon Père, ce héros; L'Orchestre'' translated by John as ''The Orchestra,'' in ''Jean Anouilh ... Plays,'' volume 3 (New York: Hill & Wang, 1967). * ''Tu étais si gentil quand tu étais petit'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1972). * ''Le Directeur de l'opéra'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1972); translated by Hill as ''The Director of the Opera'' (London: Eyre Methuen, 1973). * ''L'Arrestation'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1975); translated by Hill as ''The Arrest'' (New York: S. French, 1978). * ''Le Scénario'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1976). * ''Chers Zoiseaux'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1977). * ''La Culotte'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1978). * ''La Belle vie suivi de Episode de la vie d'un auteur'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1980). * ''Le Nombril'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1981); translated by Michael Frayn as Number One (London & New York: S. French, 1985). * ''Oedipe, ou Le Roi boiteux: d'après Sophocle'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1986). * ''La Vicomtesse d'Eristal n'a pas reçu son balai mécanique: Souvenirs d'un jeune homme'' (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1987).

English language anthologies

* ''Jean Anouilh ... Plays,'' translated by Lewis Galantière ''et al.'', 3 volumes (New York: Hill & Wang, 1958–1967). * ''Collected Plays, 2 volumes'' translated by Lucienne Hill ''et al.'' (London: Methuen, 1966, 1967). * ''Five Plays by Jean Anouilh'', introduction by

Ned Chaillet Edward William Chaillet, III ( ; born 29 November 1944) is a radio drama Producer (radio), producer and director, writer and journalist. Chaillet, American by birth, was born in Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, but is a "native of Washington" acco ...

translated by

Timberlake Wertenbaker Timberlake Wertenbaker is a British-based playwright, screenplay writer, and translator who has written plays for the Royal Court, the Royal Shakespeare Company and others. She has been described in ''The Washington Post'' as "the doyenne of po ...

''et al.'', (London: Methuen, 1987). * ''Anouilh Plays: Two'', introduction by

translated by

''et al.'', (London: Methuen, 1997).

Theory and criticism

* ''En marge du théâtre,'' edited by Efrin Knight, (Paris: La Table Ronde, 2000). * ''Le Dossier Molière,'' with Léon Thoorens ''et al.'', (Verviers: Gerard, 1964).

Translations by Anouilh

* William Shakespeare, ''Trois comédies: Comme il vous plaira, La Nuit des rois, Le Conte d'hiver,'' hree Comedies: As You like It, Twelfth Night, and The Winter's Taletranslated by Anouilh and Claude Vincent (Paris: La Table Ronde, 1952). * Graham Greene, ''L'Amant complaisant,'' translated by Anouilh and Nicole Anouilh (Paris: Laffont, 1962). * Oscar Wilde, ''Il est important d'être aimé,'' he Importance of Being Earnesttranslated by Anouilh and Nicole Anouilh (Paris: Papiers, 1985).

Other publications

* ''Michel-Marie Poulain'', by Anouilh, Pierre Imbourg, and André Warnod, preface by Michel Mourre (Paris: Braun, 1953). * ''Le Loup,'' ballet scenario by Anouilh and Georges Neveux, music by Henri Dutilleux (Paris: Ricordi, 1953).

Notes

References

External links

* * * * Jean Anouilh manuscripts General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. {{DEFAULTSORT:Anouilh, Jean 1910 births 1987 deaths 20th-century French male writers 20th-century French dramatists and playwrights Modernist theatre Writers from Bordeaux French people of Basque descent