Anholt Offshore Wind Farm is a
Danish offshore wind power
Offshore wind power or offshore wind energy is the generation of electricity through wind farms in bodies of water, usually at sea. There are higher wind speeds offshore than on land, so offshore farms generate more electricity per amount of ca ...
wind farm
A wind farm, also called a wind park or wind power plant, is a group of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electricity. Wind farms vary in size from a small number of turbines to several hundred wind turbines covering an exten ...
in the
Kattegat
The Kattegat (; ; ) is a sea area bounded by the peninsula of Jutland in the west, the Danish straits islands of Denmark and the Baltic Sea to the south and the Swedish provinces of Bohuslän, Västergötland, Halland and Scania in Swede ...
, between
Djursland and
Anholt island. With a
nameplate capacity
Nameplate capacity, also known as the rated capacity, nominal capacity, installed capacity, maximum effect or gross capacity,megawatt
The watt (symbol: W) is the unit of Power (physics), power or radiant flux in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1 joule per second or 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−3. It is used to quantification (science), quantify the rate of Work ...
s (MW), it is one of the
largest offshore wind farm in the world (along with
BARD Offshore 1) and was the largest in Denmark from 2013 to 2019 (when
Horns Rev 3 was inaugurated). A cable from the wind farm to Anholt replaces most of the diesel-powered electricity on the island.
[Anholt offshore wind farm](_blank)
(in Danish) ''Danish Energy Agency The Danish Energy Agency (Danish: Energistyrelsen) was established in 1976 as an agency of the Danish Ministry of Transport. It was part of the Ministry of Environment and Energy from 1994 to 2001. In 2007 it came under the newly created Danish Mini ...
''. Accessed: 27 November 2010.
Project
Economy
The project was conceived in February 2008, as part of the Danish government's Energy Policy Agreement. The wind farm cost an estimated 10 billion
Danish krone
The krone (; plural: ''kroner''; sign: kr.; code: DKK) is the official currency of Denmark, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands, introduced on 1 January 1875. Both the ISO code "DKK" and currency sign "kr." are in common use; the former precedes ...
r (€1.35 bn, US$1.65 bn). During operation, DONG receives a
feed-in tariff
A feed-in tariff (FIT, FiT, standard offer contract,Couture, T., Cory, K., Kreycik, C., Williams, E., (2010)Policymaker's Guide to Feed-in Tariff Policy Design National Renewable Energy Laboratory, U.S. Dept. of Energy advanced renewable tariff, ...
of 1.051 DKK/kW·h (17 US¢/kW·h) for the first 20 TW·h (about 12–13 years of production),
[Hanne, Windemuller]
Anholt Offshore Wind Farm will be the largest in Denmark
''Danish Energy Agency The Danish Energy Agency (Danish: Energistyrelsen) was established in 1976 as an agency of the Danish Ministry of Transport. It was part of the Ministry of Environment and Energy from 1994 to 2001. In 2007 it came under the newly created Danish Mini ...
'', 2 July 2010. Accessed: 27 November 2010. whereas the 207 MW
Rødsand 2 receives 0.629 DKK/kW·h for 10 TW·h.
DONG Energy
Dong or DONG may refer to:
Places
* Dong Lake, or East Lake, a lake in China
* Dong, Arunachal Pradesh, a village in India
* Dong (administrative division) (동 or 洞), a neighborhood division in Korea
Person names
Surnames
* Dǒng (surna ...
was the only bidder for the project, and received the license to build it in 2010.
Newsmedia and politicians suggest a tight schedule with tough sanctions as reasons for the single bid and higher price,
[ and the subsequent Horns Rev 3 offshore wind farm had 4 bidders in 2015 and costs 0.77 DKK/kW·h, well below the 105 øre at Anholt.][Wittrup, Sanne.]
Svenske Vattenfall skal bygge Danmarks næste havmøllepark
" ''Ingeniøren
''Ingeniøren'' (full name: ''Nyhedsmagasinet Ingeniøren'', literally ''The News Magazine "The Engineer"'') is a Danish weekly newspaper specialising in engineering topics.
History and profile
The paper has covered science and technology issues ...
'', 26 February 2015. Accessed: 26 February 2015.
Technology
DONG contracted Siemens Wind Power
Siemens AG ( ) is a German Multinational corporation, multinational technology Conglomerate (company), conglomerate. It is focused on Industrial control system, industrial automation, Building automation , building automation, rail transport a ...
to supply 111 3.6 MW wind turbine
A wind turbine is a device that wind power, converts the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. , hundreds of thousands of list of most powerful wind turbines, large turbines, in installations known as wind farms, were generating over ...
s for the project, placed in water depth.alternating current
Alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time, in contrast to direct current (DC), which flows only in one direction. Alternating current is the form in w ...
power to land through a single 3-conductor cable (diameter )[Kvarts, Thomas]
About the seacable
(in Danish) '' Energinet.dk''. Accessed: 27 November 2010. and a further [Kvarts, Thomas]
About the landcable
(in Danish) '' Energinet.dk''. Accessed: 27 November 2010. to Trige (near Aarhus
Aarhus (, , ; officially spelled Århus from 1948 until 1 January 2011) is the second-largest city in Denmark and the seat of Aarhus municipality, Aarhus Municipality. It is located on the eastern shore of Jutland in the Kattegat sea and app ...
) where a 400 kV main power hub can distribute the power.[Damgaard, Poul]
About the transformator platform
(in Danish) '' Energinet.dk'', 20 August 2010. Retrieved: 24 October 2010.[Gaardestrup, Rikke Bille]
Connection of offshore wind farm Anholt
'' Energinet.dk'', 30 November 2009. Retrieved: 24 October 2010. There are switchyard reactors along the cable to provide reactive power
In an electric circuit, instantaneous power is the time rate of flow of energy past a given point of the circuit. In alternating current circuits, energy storage elements such as inductors and capacitors may result in periodic reversals of the ...
to compensate for line capacitance.
The agreement required first power to be produced before the end of 2012, and be fully commissioned before the end of 2013.[Pedersen, Lars Dalsgård]
DONG sells half of Anholt wind farm
''Energy Supply'', 28 March 2011. Accessed: 10 December 2011.
Usually, turbines are placed in a grid pattern of lines and rows. But the turbines of AOWF are placed in an unusual pattern, governed by two principles: put most of them along the edges, and put most in undisturbed airflow from the main direction, which is West-southwest. This would increase production by 1.5%, a lifetime value of more than 100m DKK.
Construction
On 31 December 2011, the heavy lift vessel (HLV) ''Svanen'' placed the first foundation monopile.
Official construction of the wind farm started on 13 January 2012.
The first turbine was installed on 3 September and connected to the Danish power grid on 21 September.
In May 2013, AOWF became Denmark's largest wind farm when 59 turbines were grid connected, totalling 212MW and surpassing Horns Rev 2
Horns Rev is an offshore wind farm in Danish waters in the North Sea.
The wind farm was built in three phases, the first coming online in 2002, the second in 2009 and the third in 2019.
Horns Rev 1, the first phase, was the first large-scale o ...
. The vessel ''Sea Installer'' erected a complete tower, and installed a wind turbine in 7 hours.
On 19 May 2013, the installation vessel ''Sea Power'' erected the last of the 111 turbines at Anholt Offshore Wind Farm.
The wind farm achieved full power in June 2013, and was inaugurated and commissioned on 4 September 2013.[Jan Bjerre Lauridsen & Søren Andersen.]
Queen says Good Wind to giant turbines
(in Danish) ''Berlingske
''Berlingske'', previously known as ''Berlingske Tidende'' (, 'Berling's Times'), is a Danish national daily newspaper based in Copenhagen. It is considered a newspaper of record for Denmark. First published on 3 January 1749, ''Berlingske'' is ...
'', 4 September 2013. Accessed: 4 September 2013.VIPs cut ribbon at 400MW Anholt
''Recharge News'', 4 September 2013. Accessed: 4 September 2013.
Operation
The connection cable has been out of service twice; first the land cable failed for a week in 2014 costing
Energinet.dk 9 million DKK in compensation to DONG. In February 2015 the sea cable failed, and Anholt island reverted to its diesel engines.
[Wittrup, Sanne.]
Fejl på søkabel stopper Anholt Havmøllepark i tre uger
''Ingeniøren
''Ingeniøren'' (full name: ''Nyhedsmagasinet Ingeniøren'', literally ''The News Magazine "The Engineer"'') is a Danish weekly newspaper specialising in engineering topics.
History and profile
The paper has covered science and technology issues ...
'', 23 February 2015. Accessed: 23 February 2015.
, the farm has produced 4,427 GWh.
See also
*
Wind power in Denmark
Denmark was a pioneer in developing commercial wind power during the 1970s, and today a substantial share of the wind turbines around the world are produced by Danish manufacturers such as Vestasthe world's largest wind-turbine manufactureralo ...
*
List of offshore wind farms in Denmark
*
List of offshore wind farms
This article lists the largest offshore wind farms that are currently operational rated by nameplate capacity. It also lists the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction, the largest proposed offshore wind farms, and offshore ...
External links
References
{{reflist, 2
Offshore wind farms in the Baltic Sea
Wind farms in Denmark
Buildings and structures in the Central Denmark Region
Ørsted (company) wind farms
Energy infrastructure completed in 2013
2013 establishments in Denmark