Karnataka Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...

is one of the highest economic growth states in

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

with an expected GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product) growth of 9.5% in the 2021–22 fiscal year. The total expected GSDP of Karnataka in 2022–2023 is about $240 billion. Karnataka recorded one of the highest growth rates in terms of GDP and per capita GDP in the last decade compared to other Indian states. In 2008–09, the

tertiary Tertiary (from Latin, meaning 'third' or 'of the third degree/order..') may refer to: * Tertiary period, an obsolete geologic period spanning from 66 to 2.6 million years ago * Tertiary (chemistry), a term describing bonding patterns in organic ch ...

sector contributed the most to GSDP (US$31.6 billion─55 percent), followed by the secondary sector ($17 billion─29 percent), and the

primary Primary or primaries may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Primary (band), from Australia * Primary (musician), hip hop musician and record producer from South Korea * Primary Music, Israeli record label Work ...

sector (US$9.5 billion─16 percent). With an overall GDP growth of 56.2% and a per capita GDP growth of 43.9% in the last decade, Karnataka surpassed many other states in India, pushing Karnataka's per capita income in Indian Rupee terms to sixth place. Karnataka received US$2,026.4 million worth of

Foreign Direct Investment A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an ownership stake in a company, made by a foreign investor, company, or government from another country. More specifically, it describes a controlling ownership an asset in one country by an entity based i ...

for the fiscal year 2008–09, placing it at the third spot among states in India. At the end of 2004, the unemployment rate of Karnataka was 4.57% compared to a national rate of 5.99%. For the fiscal year 2006–07 the inflation rate of Karnataka was 4.4%, which was less than the national average. Between 2011-12 an
2017-18
the GSDP of the state grew at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 13.11 per cent to reach 12.69 trillion (US$196.88 billion) and the net state domestic product (NSDP) grew at a CAGR of 12.83 per cent to reach 11.45 trillion (US$177.68 billion). A

fiscal year A fiscal year (also known as a financial year, or sometimes budget year) is used in government accounting, which varies between countries, and for budget purposes. It is also used for financial reporting by businesses and other organizations. La ...

in Karnataka begins on 1 April of the previous calendar year and ends on 31 March of the year with which it is numbered. After

Bengaluru Urban Bengaluru Urban district is the most densely populated of the thirty-one List of districts of Karnataka, districts that comprise the Indian state of Karnataka. It is surrounded by the Bengaluru Rural district on the east and north, the Ramanag ...

, Dakshina Kannada (Mangaluru) Hubli-Dharwad and

Belagavi Belgaum (Kannada ISO 15919, ISO: ''Bēḷagāma'', ), officially known as Belagavi (also Belgaon), is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka located near its northern western border in the Western Ghats. It is the administrative headquarters ...

districts contribute the highest revenue to the state respectively.

Agriculture and Livestock

Agriculture is the primary occupation of most of Karnataka's rural people. A total of 123,100 km² of land is cultivated in Karnataka, constituting 64.60% of the total geographical area of the state. According to the 2001 census, farmers and agricultural labourers formed 56% of the workforce of Karnataka. Agriculture in Karnataka is heavily dependent on the southwest

monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in Atmosphere of Earth, atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annu ...

since the extent of arid land in the state is second only to Rajasthan. Only 26.5% of sown area (30,900 km²) is subjected to

irrigation Irrigation (also referred to as watering of plants) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow crops, landscape plants, and lawns. Irrigation has been a key aspect of agriculture for over 5,000 years and has bee ...

. The state has three agricultural seasons –

Kharif Kharif crops, also known as monsoon crops or autumn crops, are domesticated plants that are cultivated and harvested in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh during the Indian subcontinent's monsoon season, which lasts from June to November depending ...

(April to September),

Rabi Rabi may refer to: Places * Rabí, a municipality and village in the Czech Republic ** Rabí Castle, a castle * Räbi, a village in Estonia * Rabi, Iran, a city in Karun County, Khuzestan province, Iran * Rabi, Panchthar, a village development c ...

(October to December) and Summer (January to March). Given below is a table of 2015 national output share of select agricultural crops and allied segments in Karnataka based on 2011 prices

Primary Crops grown in Karnataka

The main crops grown are rice, ragi, jowar (sorghum), maize, and pulses (tur and gram) in addition to oilseeds and a number of other cash crops.

Cashew Cashew is the common name of a tropical evergreen tree ''Anacardium occidentale'', in the family Anacardiaceae. It is native to South America and is the source of the cashew nut and the cashew apple, an accessory fruit. The tree can grow as t ...

s, coconut,

arecanut The areca nut ( or ) or betel nut () is the fruit of the areca palm (''Areca catechu''). The palm is originally native to the Philippines, but was carried widely through the tropics by the Austronesian expansion, Austronesian migrations and ...

cardamom Cardamom (), sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genus (biology), genera ''Elettaria'' and ''Amomum'' in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indon ...

chillies Chili peppers, also spelled chile or chilli ( ), are varieties of fruit#Berries, berry-fruit plants from the genus ''Capsicum'', which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency. They are used as a spice to ...

, cotton, sugarcane and tobacco are also produced. Karnataka is the largest producer of coarse cereals, coffee, raw silk and tomatoes among the states in India. Horticultural crops are grown in an area of 16,300 km² and the annual production is about 9.58 million tons. The income generated from horticulture constitutes over 40% of income generated from agriculture and it is about 17% of the state's GDP. In floriculture, Karnataka occupies the second position in India in terms of production and 700 tons of flowers (worth 500 million) were produced in 2004–05. Traditional ploughing - Karnataka

A majority of the thirty-five billion rupee silk industry in India is headquartered in Karnataka State, primarily in

Mysore Mysore ( ), officially Mysuru (), is a city in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of Mysore district and Mysore division. As the traditional seat of the Wadiyar dynasty, the city functioned as the capital of the ...

and North Bengaluru regions of

Doddaballapura Doddaballapura is a city and the district headquarters of Bangalore Rural district in the state of Karnataka, India. ''Dodda'' means "big" in the native language Kannada. It is an industrial city which houses several national companies, and lies ...

, the site of a planned 700 million "Silk City".

Education

Karnataka has one of the largest concentrations of higher education including medical and engineering colleges. Apart from Bengaluru, places like

Mangalore Mangaluru (), formerly called Mangalore ( ), is a major industrial port city in the Indian state of Karnataka and on the west coast of India. It is located between the Laccadive Sea and the Western Ghats about west of Bengaluru, the st ...

Hubli–Dharwad Hubli (or Hubballi) and Dharwad are twin cities in the Indian state of Karnataka. Hubli-Dharwad form the second-largest municipality and urban agglomeration of Karnataka in terms of population, after the capital Bangalore. While Dharwad is the ad ...

Udupi Udupi () also known as 'Odipu' () is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Udupi district, and one of the fastest-growing cities in Karnataka. Udupi is one of the top tourist attractions in Karnataka an ...

Tumakuru Tumkur, officially Tumakuru, is a city and headquarters of Tumakuru district in the Karnataka state of India. Tumkur is known for Siddaganga Matha. Tumkur hosts India's first mega food park, a project of the ministry of food processing. The Indi ...

and

Davanagere Dāvanagere is a city in the centre of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. It is the seventh largest city in the state, and the administrative headquarters of eponymous Davangere district. Hitherto being a cotton hub and hence popularly kno ...

have been producing professionals for the Information Technology industry.

Muddenahalli Muddenahalli is a village situated 7 km from Chikballapur in Chikballapur District of Karnataka State. It is the birthplace of M. Visvesvaraya, one of India's most accomplished engineers. Transportation A railway station and railway l ...

, in North Bengaluru, is the site of the upcoming Sri Sathya Sai Baba University and College of Medicine and a branch of the

Visvesvaraya Institute of Advanced Technology Visvesvaraya Institute of Advanced Technology, also known as VIAT, is a research institute being constructed near Muddenahalli, Karnataka, India. The research institute was proposed on Engineer's Day 2008 in Muddenahalli, the birthplace of legen ...

Devanahalli Devanahalli, also called "Devandahalli", "Dyaavandalli", Devanadoddi, and Devanapura, is a town and Town Municipal Council in Bengaluru Rural district in the state of Karnataka in India. The town is located to the north-east of Bengaluru. Deva ...

is set to be the location of a 95 billion Devanahalli Business Parks, which will contain Aerospace Education Special Economic Zones, near the Bengaluru International Airport. The North Bengaluru region is set to be a premier educational hub of Karnataka. There are many prestigious educational and research institutions in

Bengaluru Bengaluru, also known as Bangalore (List of renamed places in India#Karnataka, its official name until 1 November 2014), is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the southern States and union territories of India, Indian state of Kar ...

such as

Indian Institute of Science The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) is a Public university, public, Deemed university, deemed, research university for higher education and research in science, engineering, design, and management. It is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The ...

National Law School of India University The National Law School of India University (NLSIU), commonly referred to as the National Law School (NLS), is a Public university, public State university (India), state law university established under the National Law School of India Act, 19 ...

University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering UVCE (University of Visvesvaraya College of Engineering) is a premier public university under the Govt of Karnataka, at Bangalore. The Government of Karnataka, Govt of Karnataka has declared it as an Institution of State Eminence for its contri ...

Ramaiah Institute of Technology Ramaiah Institute of Technology (RIT), formerly known as M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology (MSRIT), is a private engineering college located in Bengaluru in the Indian state of Karnataka. Established in 1962, the college is affiliated to Vi ...

R.V. College of Engineering Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering (RVCE or RV College of Engineering) is an autonomous Private university, private Engineering education, engineering college in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It was established in 1963 under the Rashtree ...

PES University People's Education Society University (PESU), is a private university in Bengaluru, India. Established in 1988, it is focused on the following educational areas: Engineering, Management, Law, Economics, Commerce, Architecture, Design, Psycholog ...

Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Sir MVIT) is an Indian educational institution located in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The institute is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University and approved b ...

, REVA University,

Indian Institute of Management The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are Centrally Funded Business Schools for management offering undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral and executive programmes along with some additional courses in the field of business administrati ...

, International Institution of Information Technology,

Jain University Jain (Deemed-to-be University), is a deemed university based in Bengaluru. In August 2019, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) opened its off campus in Kochi, Kerala. History Jain (Deemed-to-be University) originates from Sri Bhagawan Mahaveer Jai ...

etc. Dharwad in the northern part of the state is another hub for education with several engineering colleges With institutions of national importance like AIIMS,IIT Dharwad, IIIT Dharwad, Dakshina Hindi Prachara Sabha, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS) and Universities like Karnataka University, University of Agricultural sciences Dharwad, Karnataka State Law University, KLE University, SDM University are present in Dharwad & Hubballi City, hence called Education Hub and a central university is present in Kalaburgi. These developments are set to contribute significantly to Karnataka's economy by creating jobs, expanding educational opportunities, and spurring infrastructure development.

Manipal Academy of Higher Education The Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) is a private deemed university in the Udupi district of Karnataka, India. The school has campuses in Mangaluru, Bengaluru, and Jamshedpur in India, as well as global campuses in Dubai and Malaysi ...

is one of the best universities present in

Manipal 300px, The house of T. M. A. Pai located in Manipal; it has since been converted to a museum. Manipal is a suburb and university town within Udupi, in coastal Karnataka, India. Manipal is located five kilometres away from the centre of Udupi C ...

city. With many great and prestigious Institutions

has been the Educational Hub of India.

Industry

Karnataka evolved as the manufacturing hub for some of the largest

public sector The public sector, also called the state sector, is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises. Public sectors include the public goods and governmental services such as the military, law enforcement, pu ...

industries of India after India's independence.

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) is an Indian public sector aerospace and defence company, headquartered in Bengaluru. Established on 23 December 1940, HAL is one of the oldest and largest aerospace and defence manufacturers in the world. H ...

, which is dedicated to

research and development Research and development (R&D or R+D), known in some countries as OKB, experiment and design, is the set of innovative activities undertaken by corporations or governments in developing new services or products. R&D constitutes the first stage ...

activities for indigenous

fighter aircraft Fighter aircraft (early on also ''pursuit aircraft'') are military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat. In military conflict, the role of fighter aircraft is to establish air supremacy, air superiority of the battlespace. Domina ...

for the

Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force (IAF) (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the air force, air arm of the Indian Armed Forces. Its primary mission is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during armed conflicts. It was officially established on 8 Octob ...

, employs over 9,500 employees making it one of the largest public sector employers in Karnataka. Other heavy industries such as

National Aerospace Laboratories The National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) is an aerospace research institution in India, established by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in Delhi in 1959. NAL collaborates with organizations such as Hindustan Aeronaut ...

, Indian Telephone Industries,

Bharat Earth Movers Limited BEML Limited, formerly Bharat Earth Movers Limited, is an Indian public sector undertaking which manufactures a variety of heavy equipment, such as that used for earth moving, railways, transport and mining. It is headquartered in Bangalore. BEM ...

Bharat Electronics Limited Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) is an Indian Public Sector Undertakings in India, public sector aerospace and Military, defence Electronics, electronics company, headquartered in Bangalore. It primarily manufactures advanced electronic products ...

, Hindustan Machine Tools and Indian subsidiaries of

Volvo The Volvo Group (; legally Aktiebolaget Volvo, shortened to AB Volvo, stylized as VOLVO) is a Swedish multinational manufacturing corporation headquartered in Gothenburg. While its core activity is the production, distribution and sale of truck ...

and

Toyota is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi, Japan. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda and incorporated on August 28, 1937. Toyota is the List of manuf ...

are also headquartered in Bengaluru. India's national space agency, the Indian Space Research Organization, is headquartered in Bengaluru and employs approximately 20,000 people. TVS Motors has a motorcycle manufacturing plant at Mysore and Tata Motors at

Dharwad Dharwad (), also known as Dharwar, is a city located in the northwestern part of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of the Dharwad district of Karnataka and forms a contiguous urban area with the city of Hubballi. It was merged ...

. Karnataka state has many companies engaged in the manufacturing of electrical equipment and machinery like Kirloskar,

ABB Group ABB Group is a Swedish-Swiss multinational electrical engineering corporation. Incorporated in Switzerland as ABB Ltd., and headquartered in Zurich, it is dual-listed on the Nasdaq Nordic exchange in Stockholm, Sweden, and the SIX Swiss Exch ...

, Kavika,

Larsen and Toubro Larsen & Toubro Limited, abbreviated as L&T, is an Indian multinational conglomerate, with interests in industrial technology, heavy industry, engineering, construction, manufacturing, power, information technology, defence and financial ser ...

etc. This may be due to the location of the

Central Power Research Institute Central Power Research Institute (CPRI) is a research institute originally established by the Government of India in 1960, with headquarters in Bangalore. The Institute was re-organized into an Autonomous Society in the year 1978 under the aegi ...

at Bengaluru. Many multinational companies have set up their manufacturing units in Karnataka such as

BASF BASF SE (), an initialism of its original name , is a European Multinational corporation, multinational company and the List of largest chemical producers, largest chemical producer in the world. Its headquarters are located in Ludwigshafen, Ge ...

, and Bosch. The state owns sugar factories in the northern region, edible oil processing factories, pharmaceutical factories, textile processing centers, and steel producing facilities. Vishwesharaiya steel plant at Bhadravati is run by SAIL.

Minerals

Lithium has been discovered in Karnataka's Mandya district which is 100 km from Bengaluru, becoming the Nation's first-ever Lithium reserves so far confirmed at 1,600 tonnes. Gold, iron ore, quartz, limestone, manganese,

kyanite Kyanite is a typically blue aluminosilicate mineral, found in aluminium-rich metamorphic pegmatites and sedimentary rock. It is the high pressure Polymorphism (materials science), polymorph of andalusite and sillimanite, and the presence of kyani ...

and bauxite are some of the minerals that are found in Karnataka. After the closure of the

Kolar Gold Fields Kolar Gold Fields (K.G.F.) is a mining region in K.G.F. taluk (township), Kolar district, Karnataka, India. It is headquartered in Robertsonpet, where employees of Bharat Gold Mines Limited (BGML) and BEML Limited (formerly Bharat Earth Mov ...

mine, the only company in India that produces gold by mining and extracting it from the ore is Hutti Gold Mines Limited that has plants at Hutti and

Chitradurga Chitradurga is a city and the headquarters of Chitradurga district, which is located on the valley of the Vedavati river in the central part of the Indian state of Karnataka. Chitradurga is a place with historical significance and a major tou ...

in Karnataka. The major mines of manganese and iron ore are located at Sandur in

Bellary district Ballari, formerly Bellary (pronounced ), is a major district in Karnataka. It is located at north-eastern part of Karnataka. This district belongs to Kalyana-Karnataka. This district was one of the biggest districts in Karnataka until the Vi ...

. Visweswaraiah Iron and Steel Ltd. at Bhadravathi and Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Ltd. at

Toranagallu Toranagallu, or Torangal, is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India.Village code= 928100 Toranagal, Ballari, Karnataka It is located in the Sandur taluk of Ballari district in Karnataka. Demographics India census, Toranagallu ha ...

are engaged in the production of iron and steel. Indian Aluminium Company Ltd. (Hindalco) has an aluminum plant near Belgaum. Mysore Minerals Limited is in the mining and production of chromite industry in

Hassan district Hassan is one of the districts of Karnataka, 31 districts of Karnataka, India. The district headquarter is Hassan, Karnataka, Hassan. It was part of ''Manjarabad Faujdari'' between 1832-81 (Mysore Commission, Commissioner's Rule of Mysore). In ...

. Rajashree Cements at Adityanagar, Vasavadatta Cements at

Sedam Sedam or Seram is a town in Kalaburagi district in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is also the headquarters of the Sedam Taluka. Demographics Sedam is a Town Municipal Council city and divided into 23 wards for which elections are held every ...

and The Associated Cement Company Ltd. at

Wadi Wadi ( ; ) is a river valley or a wet (ephemerality, ephemeral) Stream bed, riverbed that contains water only when heavy rain occurs. Wadis are located on gently sloping, nearly flat parts of deserts; commonly they begin on the distal portion ...

are engaged in the production of cement. Uranium deposits have been found in Deshnur, a small village near Belgaum.

Information and biotechnology

Karnataka is the leader in the information technology sector in India and its capital, Bengaluru, is known as the

Silicon Valley of India Bengaluru, also known as Bangalore ( its official name until 1 November 2014), is the capital and largest city of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. As per the 2011 census, the city had a population of 8.4 million, making it the thir ...

. In the IT sector, Karnataka generated a total revenue of 516.5 billion in the financial year 2006–07 which included 487 billion from software exports and 29.5 billion from hardware exports. A total of 1973 companies in the state are involved in Information Technology-related business. While the bulk of the IT related companies are located in Bengaluru, some companies are located in Mysore and Mangalore as well. Bengaluru is also the headquarters of

Wipro Wipro Limited () is an Indian multinational technology company based in Bengaluru. It provides information technology, consulting and business process services. It is one of India's Big Six IT services companies. Wipro's services include cloud ...

and

Infosys Infosys Limited is an Indian multinational corporation, multinational technology company that offers business consulting, information technology, and outsourcing services. Founded in 1981 in Pune, the company is headquartered in Bengaluru. On ...

which are among the top three IT companies in India in regards to

market capitalization Market capitalization, sometimes referred to as market cap, is the total value of a publicly traded company's outstanding common shares owned by stockholders. Market capitalization is equal to the market price per common share multiplied by ...

. The Nandi Hills area in

outskirts is the site of the upcoming $22 Billion, 50 square kilometre

BIAL IT Investment Region The Bangalore-BIAL ITIR is a 50 km2 (12,000 acres) IT Investment Region that was proposed in 2010 15 km north of Kempegowda International Airport in Bengaluru Bengaluru, also known as Bangalore (List of renamed places in India#K ...

, one of the largest infrastructure projects in the history of Karnataka. As of June 2006, Karnataka housed 55% of

biotechnology Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of natural sciences and Engineering Science, engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms and parts thereof for products and services. Specialists ...

related companies in India. Bengaluru is also the home of the largest biocluster in India with total revenues of 14 billion and having 158 of the 320 companies working on biotechnology in India. Karnataka has a headcount of over 6,800 scientists involved in biotech research and out of twenty eight biotech companies that were registered in India in the year 2005–06, 27 were located in Karnataka.

Banking

Karnataka, particularly the coastal districts of

Dakshina Kannada Dakshina Kannada district is located in the states and territories of India, state of Karnataka in India, with its headquarters in the coastal city of Mangaluru. The district covers an area nestled in between the Western Ghats to its east and the ...

and

, is sometimes called the "cradle of banking" in

. This is because seven of the country's leading banks,

Canara Bank Canara Bank is an Indian public sector bank based in Bangalore, India. Established in 1906 at Mangalore by Ammembal Subba Rao Pai. The bank was nationalized in 1969. Canara Bank also has offices in London, Dubai and New York. History Amm ...

Syndicate Bank Syndicate Bank was one of the oldest major commercial banks in India. It was founded by Upendra Ananth Pai, T. M. A. Pai and Vaman Srinivas Kudva. At the time of its establishment, the bank was known as Canara Industrial and Banking Syndicate L ...

Corporation Bank Corporation Bank was a public-sector banking company headquartered in Mangalore, India. The bank had a pan-Indian presence. Presently, the bank has a network of 2,432 fully automated CBS branches, 3,040 ATMs, and 4,724 branchless banking uni ...

Vijaya Bank Vijaya Bank was a PSU bank which was merged with Bank of Baroda on 1 April 2019 with its head office in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It was one of the nationalised banks in India. The bank offered a wide range of financial products and servic ...

Karnataka Bank Karnataka Bank Limited is an Indian private sector bank based in Mangalore. It is an 'A' Class Scheduled Commercial Bank with a network of 957 branches, 1188 ATMs & Cash recyclers and 588 e-lobbies/mini e-lobbies across 22 states and 2 union ...

, Vysya Bank and the

State Bank of Mysore State Bank of Mysore was a Public Sector bank in India, with headquarters at Bangalore. It was one of the five associate banks of State Bank of India, all of which were consolidated with the State Bank of India with effect from 1 April 2017. ...

originated in this state. The first five in the above list of banks were established in the districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi. These districts have among the best distribution of banks in India—a branch for every 500 persons. Between 1880 and 1935, twenty two banks were established in coastal Karnataka, nine of them in the city of Mangalore. As of March 2009, Karnataka had 5,759 branches of different banks servicing the people of the state. The number of people served by each branch was 10,000 which was lesser than the national average of 15,000, thereby indicating better penetration of banking in the state.

Infrastructure

Roads

The state is well connected to its six neighboring states and other parts of India through 14 National Highways (NH); it accounts for about six percent of the total NH network in India. Its district centers are linked through 114 State Highways (SH) The total road network of NH, SH, and district roads is about 2,07,379 km, of which 1,27,541 km is surfaced (61.5 percent) Road Type Road length (km) National highways: 4,396 State highways: 28,311 District roads: 19,801

Ports

New Mangalore Port New Mangalore Port or New Mangalore Port Trust(NMPT) is an all-weather port at Panambur, Mangalore in Karnataka state in India. The total land area of the port is approximately . The New Mangalore Port is the deepest inner harbour on the wes ...

(2010–11). Total traffic handled: 67.30 MTA. Total imports handled: 23.6 MTA. Total exports handled: 32.9 MTA. Number of vessels: 1,186 Cruise vessels: 26 Revenue: US$65 million Karwar Port (2007–08) Total cargo handled: 2.7 MTA Total imports and exports: 6 MTA Revenue: US$2.7 million 25 Private liquid cargo tanks: 75,000 MT

Airports

Domestic airports

Belgaum Airport Belgaum Airport , also known as Belagavi Airport, is a domestic airport serving Belgaum, Karnataka. The current integrated terminal building was inaugurated by the then Minister of Civil Aviation, Ashok Gajapathi Raju on 14 September 2017. Ne ...

(Upcoming as International Airport) *

Bidar Airport Bidar Airport is a domestic airport serving the city of Bidar, Karnataka, India. It operates as a civil enclave on the Indian Air Force's Bidar Air Force Station.Gulbarga Airport Kalaburagi Airport is a domestic airport serving the city of Kalaburagi in Karnataka, India. It is located east from the city centre. It was built by the Karnataka State Public Works Department (PWD) with technical assistance from RITES Limit ...

Hubballi Airport Hubli Airport is a domestic airport serving the twin cities of Hubballi and Dharwad in the state of Karnataka, India. It is situated in Gandhi Nagar, from Hubballi and from Dharwad. It is connected with 10 destinations throughout the country ...

Mysore Airport Mysore Airport , also known as Mandakalli Airport, is a domestic airport serving Mysore in Karnataka, India. It is located south of the city in the village of Mandakalli and is owned and operated by the Airports Authority of India. The Prince ...

Shivamogga Airport Shivamogga Airport, officially renamed as Rashtrakavi Kuvempu Airport , is a domestic airport serving the city of Shimoga, Karnataka, India. It is located at Sogane, from Shimoga and from Bhadravathi. The airport was to be built under Public ...

* Ballari Airport at Toranagallu

International airports

Kempegowda International Airport Kempegowda International Airport is an international airport serving Bengaluru, the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Spread over , it is located about north of the city near the suburb of Devanahalli. It is owned and operated by ...

, Devanahalli – formerly Bengaluru International Airport *

Mangalore International Airport Mangalore International Airport (also known as Mangaluru International Airport) is an international airport serving the coastal city of Mangalore in the state of Karnataka, India. It is one of only two international airports in the state, t ...

, Bajpe

Railways

Karnataka has a railway network of 3,836 km.

South Western Railway South Western Railway Limited, trading as South Western Railway (SWR), is the British state-owned train operating company that took over the services of the South Western Railway (2017–2025), operator of the same name from FirstGroup and MTR ...

covers almost the whole of Karnataka and its headquarter is in

Hubballi Hubli (officially Hubballi) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. The twin cities Hubli–Dharwad form the second largest city in the state by area and population and the largest city in North Karnataka. Hubli is in Dharwad district of Ka ...

. SSS Hubballi Junction's Platform 1 holds the guinness world record for being the longest railway platform.

is divided into three divisions: * Hubballi Railway Division *

Bengaluru Railway Division Bangalore railway division is one of the three railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed in 1971 and its headquarter is located at Bangalore in the state of Ka ...

Mysore Railway Division Mysuru railway division is one of the three railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 5 November 1951 and its headquarter is located at Mysuru in the stat ...

There are two Railway Heritage Museums in Karnataka: * Railway Museum, Mysore * Hubballi Railway Heritage Museum Urban transport Metro rail and suburban-rail projects are underway in Bengaluru. The first phase of the Namma Metro is complete and covers a total of 76.95 km. Second phase is under construction.

Ongoing projects

Hassan–Sakhleshpura–Mangalore line gauge conversion is completed. Both freight and passenger trains run on this route on a daily basis connecting the seaport city of Mangaluru to the state capital of Bengaluru and Mysuru. Key connectivity projects, doubling of Mysore–Bengaluru railway line, Gadag–Bagalkot, Bengaluru–Hassan to be taken up in the near future.

Power

Generation:

Karnataka Power Corporation Limited Karnataka Power Corporation Limited (or KPCL) is a company owned by the government of Karnataka, and is engaged in generating electrical power in the state of Karnataka in India. The modes for generation of electric power are hydroelectric, Geo ...

and IPPs (GMR/Jindal/ Bhoruka) KPCL has an installed capacity of over 9315 MW. Number of consumers: 16.3 million Independent power producers have installed capacity of 2,005 MW. * KPCL -Karnataka Power Corporation Ltd. * IPPs is Independent Power Producers Transmission: Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited (

KPTCL The Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited, also known as KPTCL, is the sole electricity transmission and distribution company in state of Karnataka. Its origin was in Karnataka Electricity Board. Until 2002, the Karnataka Electricity ...

). Area covered: 192,000 km² Sub stations: 1,205 Transmission lines: 28,000 km, 33 kV, 130,000 km of 11 kV. LT lines: 451855 km Distribution transformers: 1,50,000 Physical infrastructure – power Distribution / supply: Electricity Supply Companies (ESCOMs) Bangalore Electricity Supply Company (BESCOM) Mangalore Electricity Supply Company (

MESCOM Mangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (abbreviated as MESCOM) is an Indian electricity supplier to the districts of Karnataka namely Dakshina Kannada, Udupi district, Chickmagalur and Shimoga. It has its headquarters at Mangaluru. The ...

) Hubli Electricity Supply Company
HESCOM
Gulbarga Electric Supply Company (GESCOM) Chamundeshwari Electric Supply Corporation (CESC) Source: Power sector at a glance as in July 2009‖, Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited website, accessed 23 September 2009.

Telecommunications

Leading telecom companies in the sectors of telecommunication network, basic telephony services (both wire line and wireless) and networking services for telecommunication equipment are operating in the state. The entire State is networked via Optic FibreCables (OFC) by the state-run

BSNL Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (commonly known as BSNL) () is an Indian central public sector undertaking, under the ownership of Department of Telecommunications, which is part of the Ministry of Communications, Government of India with its he ...

(formerly DOT) as well as private companies like Bharti, Reliance,

Tata Communications Tata Communications Limited (previously known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited) is an Indian telecommunications company. It was a government-owned telecommunications service provider before being sold to the Tata Group in 2002 under the Third ...

and

Tata Teleservices Tata Teleservices Limited along with its subsidiary Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra) Limited is an Indian internet services provider and IT services company headquartered in Mumbai, India. It is listed on BSE and NSE in India. History On 13 ...

. Last Mile Access is provided by BSNL as well as TATA Tele Services in various parts of the state. Bharti and Reliance Communications provide the Last Mile Access directly to the customer in all major cities in Karnataka. Telecom service providers in Karnataka:

Bharti Airtel Bharti Airtel Limited is an Indian Multinational corporation, multinational Telecommunications in India, telecommunications company based in New Delhi. It operates in 18 countries across South Asia and Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. ...

Reliance Jio Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited (d/b/a Jio) is an Indian telecommunications company and a subsidiary of Jio Platforms, headquartered in Navi Mumbai. It operates a national LTE (telecommunication), LTE network with coverage across all 22 telecom ...

Vodafone Idea Vodafone Idea is an Indian telecommunications company, headquartered in Gandhinagar. It is an all-India integrated GSM operator offering mobile telephony services. As of 30 September 2024, Vi has a subscriber base of 212.45 million, making ...

Key statistics (2007–08) Cellular subscribers: about 10 million Internet/broadband Subscribers: about 0.8 million Telecom towers: about 14,000 Post offices: 9,826 Telephone connections provided: 2,610 Telephone exchanges: 2,727

Industrial infrastructure

Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) and Karnataka State Industrial Investment Development Corporation (KSIIDC) are jointly responsible for the development of industrial infrastructure in the state. Directorate of Commerce and Industries has set up a district and

taluk A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluk, or taluka () is a local unit of administrative division in India and Pakistan. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administrative ...

industrial centres across the state to facilitate investment The Government of Karnataka is promoting the development of several SEZs across Karnataka such as pharma and biotech SEZ, food processing and agro-based industries and textiles SEZ at Hassan and IT and Coastal SEZs at Mangalore. Key industrial clusters IT/ITES cluster in electronic city and Whitefield (Bengaluru). Food Parks – 4 old State sponsored and 2 new MoFPI sponsored Food Parks in 6 Districts of Karnataka Biotech park/cluster in electronic city, Bengaluru. Integrated Food Parks in Hiriyur, Bagalkote, Jewargi & Malur for pay-n-use common facilities & MSME Food Processing Manufacturers Machine tool cluster at Peenyaindustrial estate Textile cluster at Doddaballapur Foundry cluster at Belgaum Industrial valve cluster at Hubli–Dharwad Coir clusters at Hassan. Handicrafts cluster at Channapatna. Coffee production and processing cluster in Madekeri SEZs in Karnataka Notified: 27 Formal approvals: 52 In-principle approvals: 9 Source: StatewiseSEZs in India, www.sezindia.nic.in. accessed 23 September 2009

Water supply

The water supply is provided by the local authorities like municipalities and panchayats. The first hydroelectric plant in the state was built at

Shivanasamudra Falls Shivanasamudra Falls is a cluster of waterfalls on the borders of Malavalli, Mandya and Kollegala, Chamarajanagara, in Karnataka, India, situated along the river Kaveri. The falls form the contour between the districts of Chamarajanagara and M ...

on the

Kaveri River The Kaveri (also known as Cauvery) is a major river flowing across Southern India. It is the third largest river in the region after Godavari and Krishna. The catchment area of the Kaveri basin is estimated to be and encompasses the states o ...

in 1902.

Electrical supply

Karnataka has an installed capacity of 27 gigawatts (GW) of electricity, of which 12 GW comes from renewable energy sources. The state is India's top producer of solar energy, with an installed capacity of 5.16 GW. Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited (KPTCL) is the sole provider of electricity for the state. The Linganamakki reservoir will supply around 35 percent of power to the state. Electric power from KPTCL is distributed through distribution companies like Bangalore Electricity Supply Company (BESCOM), Mangalore Electricity Supply Company (

), Gulbarga Electricity Supply Company (GESCOM), Hubli Electricity Supply Company (HESCOM) and Chamundesvary Electricity Supply Company (CESCOM) for different parts of the state. A good number of

windmills A windmill is a machine operated by the force of wind acting on vanes or sails to mill grain (gristmills), pump water, generate electricity, or drive other machinery. Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; ...

were present. The Raichur Thermal Power Station and

Bellary Thermal Power station Bellary Thermal Power station is located in Kudatini Village, Bellary District in the Indian state of Karnataka. Two coal-fired units of 500 MW each are in operation with generating capacity of 12 million units per day and a 700 MW coal- ...

Near Bellary (Kuduthini). Karnataka is also the location of companies like SELCO (India), which is promoting the use of

solar electricity Solar power, also known as solar electricity, is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV) or indirectly using concentrated solar power. Solar panels use the photovoltaic effect to conve ...

among the rural areas of the state and is also a twice winner of the

Ashden Award Ashden is a London-based charity that works in the field of sustainable energy and Regional development, development. Its work includes the annual Ashden Awards, advocacy and research in the field of sustainable energy, and mentoring and practica ...