Byzacena (or Byzacium) (, ''Byzakion'') was a Late

Roman province The Roman provinces (, pl. ) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as Roman g ...

in the central part of

Roman North Africa Africa was a Roman province on the northern coast of the continent of Africa. It was established in 146 BC, following the Roman Republic's conquest of Carthage in the Third Punic War. It roughly comprised the territory of present-day Tunisi ...

, which is now roughly

Tunisia Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia also shares m ...

, split off from

Africa Proconsularis Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

History

At the end of the 3rd century AD, the Roman emperor

Diocletian Diocletian ( ; ; ; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305. He was born Diocles to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia (Roman province), Dalmatia. As with other Illyri ...

divided the great Roman province of

into three smaller provinces: Zeugitana in the north, still governed by a

proconsul A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a Roman consul, consul. A proconsul was typically a former consul. The term is also used in recent history for officials with delegated authority. In the Roman Republic, military ...

and referred to as Proconsularis; Byzacena to its adjacent south, and

Tripolitania Tripolitania (), historically known as the Tripoli region, is a historic region and former province of Libya. The region had been settled since antiquity, first coming to prominence as part of the Carthaginian empire. Following the defeat ...

to its adjacent south, roughly corresponding to southeast

and northwest

Libya Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...

. Byzacena corresponded roughly to eastern Tunisia or the modern Tunisian region of

Sahel The Sahel region (; ), or Sahelian acacia savanna, is a Biogeography, biogeographical region in Africa. It is the Ecotone, transition zone between the more humid Sudanian savannas to its south and the drier Sahara to the north. The Sahel has a ...

Hadrumetum Hadrumetum, also known by #Names, many variant spellings and names, was a Phoenician Phoenician colonies, colony that pre-dated Carthage. It subsequently became one of the most important cities in Roman Africa before Vandal Kingdom, Vandal and Uma ...

(modern

Sousse Sousse, Sūsah , or Soussa (, ), is a city in Tunisia, capital of the Sousse Governorate. Located south of the capital Tunis, the city has 271,428 inhabitants (2014). Sousse is in the central-east of the country, on the Gulf of Hammamet, which ...

) became the capital of the newly made province, whose governor had the rank of ''

consularis ''Consularis'' is a Latin adjective indicating something pertaining to the position or rank of consul. In Ancient Rome it was also used as a noun (plural ''consulares'') to designate those senators who had held the office of consul or attained con ...

''. At this period the Metropolitan Archbishopric of Byzacena was, after the great metropolis

Carthage Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classic ...

, the most important city in Roman (North) Africa west of

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

and its

Patriarch of Alexandria The Patriarch of Alexandria is the archbishop of Alexandria, Egypt. Historically, this office has included the designation "pope" (etymologically "Father", like "Abbot"). The Alexandrian episcopate was revered as one of the three major epi ...

Episcopal sees

Ancient episcopal sees of Byzacena listed in the ''

Annuario Pontificio The ''Annuario Pontificio'' ( Italian for ''Pontifical Yearbook'') is the annual directory of the Holy See of the Catholic Church. It lists the popes in chronological order and all officials of the Holy See's departments. It also provides nam ...

'' as

titular see A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbi ...

s: *

Abaradira Abaradira was a Roman era city in the Roman province of Byzacena. Its exact location is unknown but it would have been in the central part of what is today Tunisia. Abaradira was also the seat of an ancient bishopric. Only one bishop is known fro ...

Abari __NOTOC__ Abari ( ka, აბარი) is a village in Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region, Georgia. It is part of the Likheti commune, Ambrolauri municipality, with the population of 122, mostly (99.2%) ethnic Georgians, as of the 2014 censu ...

Abidda Abidda is the name of an ancient Roman city in the Roman province of Africa proconsularis or in late antiquity in the province of Byzacena. The exact location of the town is not known for certain but it was in northern Tunisia; the ruins at Hench ...

(

ruins Ruins () are the remains of a civilization's architecture. The term refers to formerly intact structures that have fallen into a state of partial or total disrepair over time due to a variety of factors, such as lack of maintenance, deliberate ...

of Ksour-Abbeda) *

Acholla Acholla (, ''Akhólla'') also latinised as Achilla or Achulla, was a Roman-Berber city on the sea-coast in the ancient province of Africa Propria (Byzacena) in modern Tunisia. It was located little above the northern extremity of the Lesser S ...

(Henchir-El-Alia) *

Aeliae Aeliae or Æliæ was a Roman-era city in the province of Byzacena. The town must have been of some importance as it was made a bishopric early after the Council of Nicaea and it was a Catholic diocese throughout antiquity. Its exact location i ...

(Henchir-Mraba? Henchir-Merelma) *

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

(Mahdia) * Afufenia *

Aggar Aggar may refer to the following : * Aggar (city) Aggar was a town and bishopric (now titular) in the Roman province of Byzacena. One of two cities in the area, it left vast ruins that are now called (Henchir) Sidi Amara. These edifices are situa ...

Aggersel Aggersel was an ancient city in the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis. Aggersel was a former Roman Catholic Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church and is now a titular see A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former ...

(Abd-Er-Rahman-El-Garis? Tacrouna?) * Ammaedara (Haïdra) * Amudarsa (in the plain of Saïda) * Ancusa *

Aquae Albae in Byzacena Aquae Albae in Byzacena was an Ancient city and bishopric in Roman Africa and remains a Latin Catholic titular see. Its present location is Ain-Beida, in modern Tunisia (which has namesakes, notably in Algeria and Morocco). History Aquae Albae ...

(in Gabès Governorate) *

Aquae in Byzacena The Diocese of Aquensis in Byzacena is a home suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. The diocese was centered on Aquensis a civitas of the Roman province of Byzacena, which is tentatively identified with El Hamma in modern Tun ...

(in Gabès Governorate) * Aquae Regiae ( Henchir-Baboucha?) *

Aurusuliana Aurusuliana was a Roman Era city located in what was the Roman Province of Byzacena (Roman North Africa) and today modern Tunisia. The exact site of the city remains unknown and a source of some controversy. It is now generally considered to have be ...

(in the territory of Henchir-Guennara) * Ausafa *

Autenti Autenti (Latin: Rite Autentensis) was a Roman–Berber civitas and bishopric in Africa Proconsularis. It was a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church. Autenti was a civitas of the Roman province of Byzacena, the ruins of which are situated betwe ...

* Auzegera * Bahanna (Henchir-Nebahna, ruins at Dhorbania?)located at Latitude: 36.19392 - Longitude: 10.02064. * Bararus (Henchir-Ronga, Rougga) * Bassiana *

Bavagaliana Bavagaliana was a town in the Roman province of Byzacena, now part of Tunisia. It became at some stage the seat of a Christian bishopric. The only diocesan bishop of the see who is known by name was Bonifacius, who lived at the time of Thrasamund, ...

Bennefa The Diocese of Bennefa () is a home suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. Bennefa, identifiable with Oglet-Khefifa in modern Tunisia, is an ancient civitas of the Roman province of Byzacena. and a seat of an ancient Christian ep ...

(Oglet-Khefifa) * Bladia (Henchir-Baldia?) * Buleliana * Cabarasussi (Drâa-Bellouan) *

Capsa Gafsa (; ; ') is the capital of Gafsa Governorate in Tunisia. With a population of 120,739, Gafsa is the ninth-largest Tunisian city and is 335 km from the country's capital, Tunis. Overview Gafsa is the capital of Gafsa Governorate, in ...

(

Gafsa Gafsa (; ; ') is the capital of Gafsa Governorate in Tunisia. With a population of 120,739, Gafsa is the ninth-largest Tunisian city and is 335 km from the country's capital, Tunis. Overview Gafsa is the capital of Gafsa Governorate, in ...

) * Carcabia *

Cariana The Diocese of Cariana (in Latin Rite ) is a home suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. Cariana, in modern Tunisia, is the seat of the ancient episcopal see, which was originally a civitas of the Roman province of Byzacena Byzac ...

Cebarades Cebarades (in Latin Rite Cebaradesensis) was a Roman–Berber civitas in the province of Byzacena in modern Tunisia. The town was the seat of an ancient Roman Catholic bishopric. Its diocese is now a titular bishopric. The current bishop is Jo ...

Cenculiana Cenculiana was a Roman era town in Roman North Africa. Cenculiana, in today's Tunisia, is also the seat of an ancient episcopal see of the Roman province of Byzacena. The Bishop was a suffran of Carthage.Joseph Bingham, ''Origines Ecclesiasticae ...

Cercina Cercina () is a ''frazione'' (rural borough) of the municipality of Sesto Fiorentino, in the Metropolitan City of Florence, central Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Euro ...

(

Kerkennah Islands Kerkennah Islands ( '; Ancient Greek: ''Κέρκιννα Cercinna''; Spanish:''Querquenes'') are a group of islands lying off the east coast of Tunisia in the Gulf of Gabès and to the east of Sfax, at . The Islands are low-lying, being no more ...

) * Cibaliana * Cillium alias Colonia Cillilana (Kasserine) *

Crepedula Crepedula was an ancient Roman–Berber civitas in the province of Byzacena in Africa Proconsularis. It was located in modern Tunisia. The town was also the seat of a Catholic diocese. There are three known bishops of this diocese. * The Catholic ...

* Cufruta *

Chusira The Diocese of Cusira is a home suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. Cusira was a civitas of the Roman province of Byzacena, and is identifiable with Kessera ( Kesra) in the Siliana Governorate modern Tunisia. Cusira was on the ...

(Kessera) *

Decoriana Decoriana (Decoriensis or Dicensis) was an ancient Roman–Berber city and former bishopric in Tunisia. It is now a Latin Catholic titular see. History Decoriana, in today's Tunisia, was important enough in the Roman province of Byzacena to bec ...

* Dices (Henchir-Sidi-Salah, Sadic?) * Dionysiana *

Drua Drua, also known as na drua, n'drua, ndrua or waqa tabu ("sacred canoe", ), is a double-hull sailing boat that originated in the south-western Pacific islands. Druas do not tack but rather shunt (stern becomes the bow and vice versa). Both ends ...

( Henchir-Bou-Driès) *

Dura (Titular See) Dura may also refer to: Đura such as, for example, Đura Bajalović Geography * Dura language, a critically endangered language of Nepal * Dura, Africa, an ancient city and former bishopric, now a Catholic titular see * Dura-Europos, an ancient c ...

* Edistiana * Egnatia *

Febiana Febiana was city and former bishopric in Roman North Africa, which only remains a Latin Catholic titular see. History Febina, in present-day Tunisia, was among the many cities of sufficient importance in the Roman province of Byzacena, in the p ...

* Feradi Maius (Henchir-El-Ferada?) * Feradi Minus * Filaca * Fissiana (in the plain of Foussana?) * Foratiana * Forontoniana ( Henchir-Bir-El-Menadka?) * Gaguari *

Garriana Garriana was a Roman town of the province of Byzacena during late antiquity. The town has tentatively been identified with the ruins at Henchir-El-Garra in modern Tunisia. The name Henchir-El-Garra simply means the ''Ruins of Garria''. Ancient H ...

(Henchir-El-Garra) * Gemellae in Byzacena (Sidi-Aïch) * Germaniciana (ruins of Ksour-El-Maïeta? Melloul? ruins of Hadjeh-El-Aïoun?) * Gratiana * Gubaliana (ruins of Djebeliana? ruins of Henchir-Goubel?) * Gummi in Byzacena (Henchir-Gelama?, Henchir-El-Senem) * Gurza (Kalâa Kebira) *

(Sousse), the Metropolitan Archbishopric * Hermiana * Hierpiniana *

Hirina Hirina (Hirena) was a city and bishopric in southern Tunisia known only through ecclesiastical records. Nothing is known of the city, the name of which may have been Hirina, Hiren or Iren, except that it was in the Roman province of Byzacena. ...

* Horrea Coelia (Hergla) * Iubaltiana (at

Kairouan Kairouan (, ), also spelled El Qayrawān or Kairwan ( , ), is the capital of the Kairouan Governorate in Tunisia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city was founded by the Umayyads around 670, in the period of Caliph Mu'awiya (reigned 661� ...

) * Iunca in Byzacena (Ounga) *

Leptiminus Lemta, historically Leptiminus, is a town in Tunisia with a history going back over 3,000 years. History The history of the town starts in the 13th century b.c.e. with the founding attributed to Phoenician sailors.

Limisa Limisa (today Aïn-Lemsa) is a town and archaeological site in Kairouan Governorate, Tunisia. It is located 50 kilometers west of kairouan. The town was a Roman Catholic diocese. The street pattern of the village is fairly regular in its layout a ...

(Henchir-Boudja) * Macon * Macriana Maior * Macriana Minor * Mactaris *

Madarsuma Madarsuma (in Latin: Dioecesis Madarsumitana) was a Roman town of the Roman province of Byzacena (North Africa) during the Roman Empire and into late antiquity. The city now lost to history remains only as a suppressed and titular see of the Catholi ...

(Henchir-Bou-Doukhane?) *

Maraguia The Diocese of Maraguia (in Latin: Dioecesis Maraguiensis) is a suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.Stefano Antonio Morcelli''Africa christiana'' Volume I, (Brescia, 1816), p. 213 The diocese of Maraguia was centered on a ...

(ruins of Ksar-Margui?) * Marazanae (Henchir-Guennara) * Marazanae Regiae * Masclianae (ruins of Hadjeb-El-Aioun?) * Materiana *

Maximiana in Byzacena Maximiana in Byzacena (Italian : Massimiana di Bizacena ) is a titular bishopric of the Roman Catholic Church . It goes back to a former bishopric in the Roman province of Byzacena or Africa proconsularis in the Sahel, Tunisia, Sahel region of Tun ...

(near

) * Mediana (Bishopric) * Menefessi (Henchir-Djemmiah) * Mibiarca * Midica (near

Sfax Sfax ( ; , ) is a major port city in Tunisia, located southeast of Tunis. The city, founded in AD849 on the ruins of Taparura, is the capital of the Sfax Governorate (about 955,421 inhabitants in 2014), and a Mediterranean port. Sfax has a ...

) *

Mididi Mididi (, , or , ) was a Carthaginian Empire, Carthaginian and Roman Empire, Roman settlement during classical antiquity, antiquity, located at what is now Henchir-Medded, Tunisia. 14 neo-punic inscriptions, known as the Maktar and Mididi inscript ...

(Henchir-Medded, Midid) * Mimiana * Mozotcori * Munatiana * Mutia (Henchir-El-Gheria, Henchir-Furna) * Muzuca in Byzacena (Henchir-Besra) *

Nara The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government within the executive branch, charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It is also task ...

(Bir El Hafey) * Nationa *

Nepte Nefta (or Nafta; ) is a Tunisian municipality and an oasis in Tozeur Governorate north of the Chott el Djerid. Religious significance Nefta is considered by most Sufis to be the spiritual home of Sufism, a mystical branch of Islam; many reli ...

(Nafta) * Octaba * Octabia * Pederodiana (Oum-Federa, Fodra?) * Precausa *

Praesidium A presidium or praesidium is a council of executive officers in some countries' political assemblies that collectively administers its business, either alongside an individual president or in place of one. The term is also sometimes used for the ...

( Somâa) * Putia in Byzacena (Bir-Abdallah?) * Quaestoriana * Rufiniana *

Ruspae Ruspe or Ruspae was a town in the Roman province of Byzacena, in '' Africa propria''. It served as the episcopal see of Saint Fulgentius of Ruspe. It is now a Roman Catholic titular bishopric. Name The name "Ruspe" is usually understood to be a ...

Rusticiana The city of Rusticiana was located in the Roman province of Numidia (modern Algeria and parts of Tunisia and Libya). Its location and the corresponding modern city are unknown. Ecclesiastical history Two bishops of the ancient diocese are known. ...

* Sassura (Henchir Es-Zaouadi) * Scebatiana * Segermes * Selendeta * Septimunicia (ruins of Oglet-El-Metnem? Henchir-El-Bliaa?) * Severiana *

Sufes Sufes was a town in the late Roman province of Byzacena, which became a Christian bishopric that is included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees. The town The ruins of Roman Sufes are found near Sbiba a village in Tunisia's province o ...

* Sufetula * Suliana * Sullectum (Salacia) * Tabalta (Henchir-Gourghebi?) * Tagarbala ( Bordj-Tamra, Tamera) * Tagaria * Tagase * Talaptula *

Tamalluma Tamalluma is a former Roman city which remains a Latin Catholic titular bishopric History The city was at Telmin, an oasis in present Tunisia, one of many in the Roman province of Byzacena, which were suffragan of the Metropolitan Archbishopric H ...

(Oasis of Telmin) *

Tamata 300px, An Saint Paraskeva with tamata hung beside itCrete 2001. The saint holds a plate with two eyeballs on it. She is considered to be a healer of the blind. One of her visitors has left a votive offering (''tama'') depicting eyes to indicate w ...

* Tamazeni * Tambeae (in the region of Aïn-Beida and Henchir-Baboucha) * Tanudaia *

Taparura Taparura was an ancient Berber, Punic and Roman city in the location of modern-day Sfax, Tunisia. It was a former Catholic diocese. The same ancient name was revived in the 1980s as a coastal urban development project on the location of former ch ...

* Taraqua (Ksour-El-Khaoua?) * Tarasa in Byzacena (near Djebel-Trozza?) * Temuniana ( Henchir-Temounia?) *

Tetci The diocese of Tetci ({{langx, la, Dioecesis Tetcitana, link=no) is a suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. An exact location of the town is now lost to history but it was in today's Tunisia. Tecti was an ancient bishopric of th ...

* Thagamuta (in the plain of Guemouda?) *

Thala Thala may refer to: Places * Thala Hills, Antarctica * Thala Island, Antarctica * Thala Rock, Antarctica * Thala, Tunisia, a town in Kasserine Governorate Other uses * ''Thala'' (2025 film), an Indian Telugu-language film * ''Thala'' (g ...

Thapsus Thapsus, also known as Tampsus and as Thapsus Minor to distinguish it from Thapsus in Sicily, was a Carthaginian and Roman port near present-day Bekalta, Tunisia. Geography Thapsus was established on Ras ed-Dimas, an easily defended promont ...

Thasbalta Thasbalta was a city and Catholic diocese in the Roman province of Africa proconsularis during the Roman Empire and of Byzacena during late antiquity. The exact location of this city is unknown but it was in the Oued es Segui river valley, north o ...

(in the valley of Segui?) *

Thelepte Thelepte () was a city in the Roman province of Byzacena, now in western Tunisia. It is located near the border with Algeria about 5 km north from the modern town of Fériana and 30 km south-west of the provincial capital Kasserine. H ...

Thenae Thenae or Thenai (), also written Thaena and Thaenae, was a Carthaginian and Roman town (') located in or near Thyna, now a suburb of Sfax on the Mediterranean coast of southeastern Tunisia. Name The city was founded with the Punic name ( ...

(

Thyna Thyna, formerly Henchir-Tina, is a town and commune in the Sfax Governorate, Tunisia. As of 2004 it had a population of 26,635.Theuzi Theuzi is a former ancient city and bishopric in Roman Africa and present Latin Catholic titular see. Its modern location is unclear, but is believed to have been somewhere in present Tunisia. History Aquae Novae was important enough in the Roma ...

* Thiges ( Bordj-Gourbata) *

Thucca Terenbenthina Thucca Terenbenthina, also known as Thugga, was an ancient Roman-Berber town in the province of African Proconsularis. In late antiquity, it was made a municipium of the province of Byzacena. Thucca Terenbenthina is identified with ruins located ...

(Henchir Dougga) *

Thysdrus Thysdrus was a Carthaginian town and Roman colony near present-day El Djem, Tunisia. Under the Romans, it was the center of olive oil production in the provinces of Africa and Byzacena and was quite prosperous. The surviving amphitheater is a W ...

Tigias Tigias was a Roman-Berber town in the province of Africa Proconsularis in Byzacena. Its stone ruins are located in Henchir-Taus in the oasis of Kriz, Tunisia. The city was also the seat of an ancient diocese, which remains a titular see of the Cat ...

(Henchir-Taus, in the oasis of Kriz) * Tiguala * Trofimiana * Tubulbaca (Teboulba?) * Turrisblanda * Turres in Byzacena (ruins of Tamarza? ruins of Msilica?) * Turris Tamalleni (ruins of Oum-Es-Samâa) *

Tusuros Tozeur (; ) is a city in southwest Tunisia. The city is located northwest of Chott el Djerid, in between this Chott and the smaller Chott el Gharsa. It is the capital of Tozeur Governorate. It was the site of the ancient city and former bishopric ...

* Unizibira (Henchir-Zembra?) * Usula * Uzita * Valentiniana * Vartana ( Srâa-Ouartane) * Vassinassa * Vegesela in Byzacena (Henchir-Recba) * Vibiana * Vicus Aterii (Bir el Ater) *

Victoriana Victoriana is a term used to refer to material culture related to the Victorian period (1837–1901). It often refers to decorative objects, but can also describe a variety of artifacts from the era including graphic design, publications, ph ...

Vicus Augusti Sidi El Hani (or Sidi Al-Hani) (سيدي الهاني) is a town and commune in the Sousse Governorate, Tunisia located at 35.67 n, 10.30 e. As of 2004 it had a population of 3,058. It gives its name to the largest lake of the governorate, a na ...

(ruins of

Sidi El Hani Sidi El Hani (or Sidi Al-Hani) (سيدي الهاني) is a town and commune in the Sousse Governorate, Tunisia located at 35.67 n, 10.30 e. As of 2004 it had a population of 3,058. It gives its name to the largest lake of the governorate, a nat ...

, Henchir-Sabra?) * Vita (ruins of Beni-Derraj?) *

Zella (see) The Diocese of Zella () is a suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. The diocese of Zella, is located in today's Tunisia. During the Roman Empire the Diocese was centered on a Roman town of the Roman province of Byzacena. During ...

(Zaouila, suburb of

Mahdia Mahdia ( ') is a Tunisian coastal city with 76,513 inhabitants, south of Monastir, Tunisia, Monastir and southeast of Sousse. Mahdia is a provincial centre north of Sfax. It is important for the associated fish-processing industry, as well as w ...

? ruins of Zellez?)

References

Sources and external links

GCatholic - Tunisia

of the Roman state according to the Compilation notitia dignitatum
Place-names
in the Compilation notitia dignitatum {{Late Roman Provinces, state=collapsed Late Roman provinces Provinces of the Byzantine Empire Roman provinces in Africa Africa (Roman province) States and territories established in the 3rd century States and territories disestablished in the 7th century 290s establishments 690s disestablishments 290s establishments in the Roman Empire 7th-century disestablishments in the Exarchate of Africa Byzantine North Africa

History

Episcopal sees

See also

References

Sources and external links