The Abadan refinery ( ''Pālāyeshgāh-e Ābādān'') is an

oil refinery An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial processes, industrial process Factory, plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refining, refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, Bitumen, asphalt base, ...

Abadan, Iran Abadan (; ) is a city in the Central District (Abadan County), Central District of Abadan County, Khuzestan province, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city is in the southwest of the coun ...

near the coast of the

Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf, sometimes called the Arabian Gulf, is a Mediterranean seas, mediterranean sea in West Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Arabian Sea and the larger Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.Un ...

History

Built by the

Anglo-Persian Oil Company The Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC; ) was a British company founded in 1909 following the discovery of a large oil field in Masjed Soleiman, Persia (Iran). The British government purchased 51% of the company in 1914, gaining a controlling numbe ...

(later BP) on the basis of a lease obtained in 1909, it was completed in 1912 as a pipeline terminus, and was one of the world's largest

oil refineries An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied pet ...

. In 1927, oil exports from Abadan totalled nearly 4.5 million tons. Abadanraffinerie

Its nationalisation in 1951 prompted the

Abadan Crisis The Abadan Crisis ( ''Bohrân Nafti Irân'', "Iran Oil Crisis") occurred from 1951 to 1954, after Iran nationalised the Iranian assets of the BP controlled Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) and expelled Western companies from oil refineries in t ...

and ultimately the toppling of the democratically elected prime minister Mossaddegh. The refinery was largely destroyed in September 1980 by Iraq during the initial stages of the Iraqi invasion of Iran's

Khuzestan Khuzestan province () is one of the 31 Provinces of Iran. Located in the southwest of the country, the province borders Iraq and the Persian Gulf, covering an area of . Its capital is the city of Ahvaz. Since 2014, it has been part of Iran's ...

province, triggering the

Iran–Iraq War The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, unti ...

. It had a capacity of 635,000 b/d in 1980 and formed a refinery complex with important

petrochemical Petrochemicals (sometimes abbreviated as petchems) are the chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable s ...

plants. Its capacity started to bounce back after the war ended in 1988, and was listed in 2013 as of crude oil. In December 2017,

Sinopec China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, or Sinopec Group, is a Chinese oil and gas enterprise based in Chaoyang District, Beijing. The SASAC administers China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation for the benefit of State Council of the ...

signed a

US$ The United States dollar (Currency symbol, symbol: Dollar sign, $; ISO 4217, currency code: USD) is the official currency of the United States and International use of the U.S. dollar, several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introdu ...

1 billion deal to expand the Abadan refinery. Work on the second phase of the project was suspended in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.

References

External links

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Facts about the Iran refinery industry
Oil refineries in Iran Abadan, Iran 1912 establishments in Iran Anglo-Persian Oil Company Buildings and structures in Khuzestan province {{Iran-struct-stub

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links