1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma is an
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''AGPAT3''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
The protein encoded by this gene is an
acyltransferase
Acyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme that acts upon acyl
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen ...
(specifically,
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase) that converts
lysophosphatidic acid
A lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a phospholipid derivative that can act as a signaling molecule.
Function
LPA acts as a potent mitogen due to its activation of three high-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors called LPAR1, LPAR2, and LPAR3 (a ...
(1-acyl-''sn''-glycerol 3-phosphate) into
phosphatidic acid
Phosphatidic acids are anionic phospholipids important to cell signaling and direct activation of lipid-gated ion channels. Hydrolysis of phosphatidic acid gives rise to one molecule each of glycerol and phosphoric acid and two molecules of fatty a ...
, which is the second step in the
''de novo'' phospholipid biosynthetic pathway. The encoded protein may be an
integral membrane protein
An integral, or intrinsic, membrane protein (IMP) is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane. All transmembrane proteins can be classified as IMPs, but not all IMPs are transmembrane proteins. IMPs comp ...
. Two
transcript variant
Alternative splicing, alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative RNA splicing, splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to produce different splice variants. For example, some exons of a gene ma ...
s encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
See also
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Stereospecific numbering
Glycerophospholipids or phosphoglycerides are glycerol-based phospholipids. They are the main component of biological membranes in eukaryotic cells. They are a type of lipid, of which its composition affects membrane structure and properties. Tw ...
, for sn-
References
External links
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Further reading
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Genes mutated in mice
{{gene-21-stub