5F-APINACA (also known as A-5F-PINACA, 5F-AKB-48 or 5F-AKB48) is an
indazole-based
synthetic cannabinoid
Synthetic cannabinoids, or neocannabinoids, are a class of designer drug molecules that Binding affinity, bind to the same receptors to which cannabinoids (Tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, Cannabidiol, CBD and many others) in cannabis plants attach. Th ...
that has been sold online as a
designer drug. Structurally it closely resembles cannabinoid compounds from patent WO 2003/035005 but with a 5-fluoropentyl chain on the indazole 1-position, and 5F-APINACA falls within the claims of this patent, as despite not being disclosed as an example, it is very similar to the corresponding
pentanenitrile and 4-chlorobutyl compounds which are claimed as examples 3 and 4.
5F-APINACA was first identified in South Korea. It is expected to be a potent
agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a Receptor (biochemistry), receptor to produce a biological response. Receptors are Cell (biology), cellular proteins whose activation causes the cell to modify what it is currently doing. In contrast, an R ...
of the
CB1 receptor and
CB2 receptor. Its metabolism has been described in literature.
Pharmacology
5F-APINACA acts as a
full agonist with a
binding affinity
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose. The etymology stems from Latin ''ligare'', which means 'to bind'. In protein-ligand binding, the ligand is usuall ...
of 1.94 nM at
CB1 and 0.266 nM at
CB2 cannabinoid
Cannabinoids () are several structural classes of compounds found primarily in the ''Cannabis'' plant or as synthetic compounds. The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (delta-9-THC), the primary psychoact ...
receptors.
Legality
In the United States, 5F-APINACA is a
Schedule I controlled substance
The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) is the statute establishing federal U.S. drug policy under which the manufacture, importation, possession, use, and distribution of certain substances is regulated. It was passed by the 91st United State ...
.
5F-APINACA is an
Anlage II controlled drug in Germany since July 2013.
As of October 2015, 5F-APINACA is a controlled substance in China.
5F-APINACA is banned in the Czech Republic.
See also
*
5F-ADB
*
5F-AMB
*
AB-FUBINACA
*
AB-CHFUPYCA
*
AB-PINACA
*
ADB-CHMINACA
*
ADB-FUBINACA
*
ADB-PINACA
*
ADBICA
*
APICA
*
APINACA
*
FUB-APINACA
*
MDMB-CHMICA
*
PX-3
References
External links
*
{{Cannabinoids
Adamantanes
Cannabinoids
Secondary amines
Designer drugs
Organofluorides
Indazolecarboxamides