The 34th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...

. It met in

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

, from March 4, 1855, to March 4, 1857, during the last two years of

Franklin Pierce Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804October 8, 1869) was the 14th president of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857. A northern Democratic Party (United States), Democrat who believed that the Abolitionism in the United States, abolitio ...

presidency A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified b ...

. The apportionment of seats in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entities. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ...

was based on the

1850 United States census The 1850 United States census was the seventh decennial United States Census Conducted by the Census Office, it determined the resident population of the United States to be 23,191,876—an increase of 35.9 percent over the 17,069,453 persons ...

. The Whig Party, one of the two major parties of the

era An era is a span of time. Era or ERA may also refer to: * Era (geology), a subdivision of geologic time * Calendar era Education * Academy of European Law (German: '), an international law school * ERA School, in Melbourne, Australia * E ...

, had largely collapsed, although many former Whigs ran as

Republicans Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

or as members of the "

Opposition Party In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed to the government (or, in American English, the administration), party or group in political control of a city, region, state, coun ...

." The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House was controlled by a coalition of Representatives led by

Nathaniel P. Banks Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss) Banks (January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from Massachusetts and a Union Army, Union general during the American Civil War, Civil War. A millworker, Banks became prominent in local ...

, a member of the American Party.

Major events

* March 30, 1855: Elections were held for the first

Kansas Territory The Territory of Kansas was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854, until January 29, 1861, when the eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the United States, Union as the Slave and ...

legislature.

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

ans crossed the border in large numbers to elect a

pro-slavery Proslavery is support for slavery. It is sometimes found in the thought of ancient philosophers, religious texts, and in American and British writings especially before the American Civil War but also later through the 20th century. Arguments in ...

body. * July 2, 1855: The Kansas territorial legislature convened in

Pawnee Pawnee initially refers to a Native American people and its language: * Pawnee people * Pawnee language Pawnee is also the name of several places in the United States: * Pawnee, Illinois * Pawnee, Kansas * Pawnee, Missouri * Pawnee City, Nebraska * ...

and began enacting proslavery laws. * November 21, 1855: Large-scale

Bleeding Kansas Bleeding Kansas, Bloody Kansas, or the Border War, was a series of violent civil confrontations in Kansas Territory, and to a lesser extent in western Missouri, between 1854 and 1859. It emerged from a political and ideological debate over the ...

violence began with events leading to the ''

Wakarusa War The Wakarusa War was an armed standoff that took place in the Kansas Territory during November and December 1855. It is often cited by historians as the first instance of violence during the "Bleeding Kansas" conflict between anti-slavery and pro- ...

'' between antislavery and proslavery forces. * December 3, 1855 – February 2, 1856: The election for

Speaker of the House The speaker of a deliberative assembly, especially a legislative body, is its presiding officer, or the chair. The title was first used in 1377 in England. Usage The title was first recorded in 1377 to describe the role of Thomas de Hung ...

requires 133 ballots, the longest and most contentious speaker election in House history. * January 24, 1856: President

declared the new Free-State Topeka government in ''

'' to be in rebellion. * January 26, 1856: First Battle of Seattle: Marines from the drove off Indian attackers after an all-day battle with settlers. * February, 1856:

Tintic War The Tintic War was a short series of skirmishes occurring in February through March 1856 in Uintah County and Tooele County, Utah It occurred after the conclusion of the Walker War. It was named after a subchief of the Ute and involved seve ...

broke out in

Utah Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, sharing a border with Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. It also borders Wyoming to the northea ...

. * February 18, 1856: The American Party (

Know-Nothings The American Party, known as the Native American Party before 1855 and colloquially referred to as the Know Nothings, or the Know Nothing Party, was an Old Stock nativist political movement in the United States in the 1850s. Members of the m ...

) nominated their first

Presidential Presidential may refer to: * "Presidential" (song), a 2005 song by YoungBloodZ * Presidential Airways (charter), an American charter airline based in Florida * Presidential Airways (scheduled), an American passenger airline active in the 1980s * ...

candidate, former President

Millard Fillmore Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874) was the 13th president of the United States, serving from 1850 to 1853. He was the last president to be a member of the Whig Party while in the White House, and the last to be neither a De ...

. * May 21, 1856:

Lawrence, Kansas Lawrence is a city in and the county seat of Douglas County, Kansas, United States, and the sixth-largest city in the state. It is in the northeastern sector of the state, astride Interstate 70 in Kansas, Interstate 70, between the Kansas River ...

, captured and burned by pro-

slavery Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour. Slavery typically involves compulsory work, with the slave's location of work and residence dictated by the party that holds them in bondage. Enslavemen ...

forces (the "

Sacking of Lawrence A sack usually refers to a rectangular-shaped bag. Sack may also refer to: Bags * Flour sack * Gunny sack * Hacky sack, sport * Money sack * Paper sack * Sleeping bag * Stuff sack * Knapsack Other uses * Bed, a slang term * Sack (band), a ...

"). * May 22, 1856: Representative

Preston Brooks Preston Smith Brooks (August 5, 1819 – January 27, 1857) was an American slaver, politician, and member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina, serving as a member of the Democratic Party from 1853 until his resignation i ...

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

attacking Senator

Charles Sumner Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811March 11, 1874) was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1851 until his death in 1874. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading American ...

, beating him with a cane in the hall of the Senate, for a speech Sumner had made attacking Southerners who sympathized with the pro-

violence in

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

"). Sumner was unable to return to duty for 3 years while he recovered; Brooks became a hero across the South. * May 24, 1856: Pottawatomie massacre * June 2, 1856:

Battle of Black Jack The Battle of Black Jack took place on June 2, 1856, when antislavery forces, led by the noted abolitionist John Brown, attacked the encampment of Henry C. Pate near Baldwin City, Kansas. The battle is cited as one incident of "Bleeding Kan ...

* August 30, 1856:

Battle of Osawatomie The Battle of Osawatomie was an armed engagement that occurred on August 30, 1856, when 250–400 pro-slavery Border ruffians, led by John W. Reid, attacked the town of Osawatomie, Kansas, which had been settled largely by anti-slavery Free-S ...

* November 4, 1856:

1856 United States presidential election Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 4, 1856. Democratic nominee James Buchanan defeated Republican nominee John C. Frémont and Know Nothing/ Whig nominee Millard Fillmore. The main issue was the expansion of sl ...

Democrat Democrat, Democrats, or Democratic may refer to: Politics *A proponent of democracy, or democratic government; a form of government involving rule by the people. *A member of a Democratic Party: **Democratic Party (Cyprus) (DCY) **Democratic Part ...

James Buchanan James Buchanan Jr. ( ; April 23, 1791June 1, 1868) was the 15th president of the United States, serving from 1857 to 1861. He also served as the United States Secretary of State, secretary of state from 1845 to 1849 and represented Pennsylvan ...

defeated former President

, representing a coalition of "

" and Whigs, and

John C. Frémont Major general (United States), Major-General John Charles Frémont (January 21, 1813July 13, 1890) was a United States Army officer, explorer, and politician. He was a United States senator from California and was the first History of the Repub ...

of the fledgling Republican Party. * November 17, 1856: On the Sonoita River in present-day southern

Arizona Arizona is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States, sharing the Four Corners region of the western United States with Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. It also borders Nevada to the nort ...

, the

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the primary Land warfare, land service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution.Article II, section 2, clause 1 of th ...

established Fort Buchanan to help control new land acquired in the

Gadsden Purchase The Gadsden Purchase ( "La Mesilla sale") is a region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico that the United States acquired from Mexico by the Treaty of Mesilla, which took effect on June 8, 1854. The purchase included lan ...

. * January 9, 1857: The 7.9 Mw Fort Tejon earthquake affects Central and

Southern California Southern California (commonly shortened to SoCal) is a geographic and Cultural area, cultural List of regions of California, region that generally comprises the southern portion of the U.S. state of California. Its densely populated coastal reg ...

with a maximum

Mercalli intensity The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or ...

of IX (''Violent'').

Major legislation

*August 18, 1856:

Guano Islands Act The Guano Islands Act (, enacted August 18, 1856, codified at §§ 1411-1419) is a United States federal law passed by the Congress that enables citizens of the United States to take possession of unclaimed islands containing guano deposits ...

, ch. 164,

Treaties

* January 26, 1855:

Point No Point Treaty The Point No Point Treaty was signed on January 26, 1855, at Point No Point, on the northern tip of the Kitsap Peninsula. Governor of Washington Territory, Isaac Stevens, convened the treaty council on January 25, with the S'Klallam, the Ch ...

signed in the

Washington Territory The Washington Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1853, until November 11, 1889, when the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Washington. It was created from the ...

. (Ratified March 8, 1859. Proclaimed April 29, 1859) * July 1, 1855:

Quinault Treaty The Quinault Treaty (also known as the Quinault River Treaty and the Treaty of Olympia) was a treaty agreement between the United States and the Native American Quinault and Quileute tribes located in the western Olympic Peninsula north of Grays ...

signed,

Quinault Quinault may refer to: * Quinault people, an Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast **Quinault Indian Nation, a federally recognized tribe ** Quinault language, their language People * Quinault family of actors, including: * Jean-Bapt ...

and

Quileute The Quileute () are a Native American people in western Washington state in the United States, with 808 enrolled citizens in 2018. They are a federally recognized tribe: the ''Quileute Tribe of the Quileute Reservation''. The Quileute people ...

ceded their land to the United States. (Ratified March 8, 1859. Proclaimed April 11, 1859)

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of this Congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section. During the elections for this Congress, opponents to the Democrats used the Whig party label inconsistently and not at all in some states. Hence in this Congress, and in accordance with the practice of the Senate and House, representatives not associated with the Democratic Party or the American Party are labeled as "Opposition." This is the first example in U.S. history of a form of

coalition A coalition is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political, military, or economic spaces. Formation According to ''A G ...

government in either house of Congress.

Senate

House of Representatives

The parties that opposed the Democrats joined a coalition and formed the majority. The Know Nothings caucused with the Opposition coalition.

Leadership

Senate

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

: Vacant * President pro tempore:

Jesse D. Bright Jesse David Bright (December 18, 1812 – May 20, 1875) was the ninth Lieutenant Governor of Indiana and U.S. Senator from Indiana who served as President pro tempore of the Senate on three occasions. He was the only senator from a Northern s ...

(D), until June 9, 1856 **

Charles E. Stuart Charles Edward Stuart (November 25, 1810May 19, 1887) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the state of Michigan. Biography Stuart was born in New York, either near Waterloo, New York, or in Columbia County. He studied law, was adm ...

(D, June 9, 1856 – June 10, 1856 **

(D), June 11, 1856 – January 6, 1857 ** James M. Mason (D), from January 6, 1857

House of Representatives

Speaker Speaker most commonly refers to: * Speaker, a person who produces speech * Loudspeaker, a device that produces sound ** Computer speakers Speaker, Speakers, or The Speaker may also refer to: Arts and entertainment * "Speaker" (song), by David ...

(A), elected February 2, 1856, on the 133rd ballot * Democratic Caucus Chairman: George Washington Jones

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1856; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860. :'' Skip to House of Representatives, below''

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: 2. Clement C. Clay Jr. (D) : 3.

Benjamin Fitzpatrick Benjamin Fitzpatrick (June 30, 1802 – November 21, 1869) was an American politician who served as the List of Governors of Alabama, 11th Governor of Alabama and as a United States Senate, United States Senator from that state. He was a Democrat ...

(D), from November 26, 1855

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: 2.

William K. Sebastian William King Sebastian (June 12, 1812May 20, 1865) was an American politician, judge, and lawyer from Helena, Arkansas. He represented Arkansas as a United States Senator, from 1848 to 1861. Sebastian withdrew from the Senate at the start of the C ...

(D) : 3. Robert W. Johnson (D)

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

: 1.

John B. Weller John B. Weller (February 22, 1812August 17, 1875) was the fifth governor of California from January 8, 1858, to January 9, 1860, who earlier had served as a congressman from Ohio and a U.S. senator from California, and minister to Mexico. ...

(D) : 3.

William M. Gwin William McKendree Gwin (October 9, 1805 – September 3, 1885) was an American medical doctor and politician who served in elected office in Mississippi and California. In California he shared the distinction, along with John C. Frémont, of bein ...

(D), from January 13, 1857

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: 1.

Isaac Toucey Isaac Toucey (November 15, 1792July 30, 1869) was an American politician who served as a U.S. senator, U.S. Secretary of the Navy, U.S. Attorney General and the 33rd Governor of Connecticut. Biography Born in Newtown, Connecticut, Toucey p ...

(D) : 3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: 1.

James A. Bayard Jr. James Asheton Bayard Jr. (November 15, 1799 – June 13, 1880) was an American lawyer and politician from Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party and served as U.S. Senator from Delaware. Early life Bayard was born in Wilmington, ...

(D) : 2.

John M. Clayton John Middleton Clayton (July 24, 1796 – November 9, 1856) was an American lawyer and politician from Delaware. He was a member of the Whig Party who served in the Delaware General Assembly, and as U.S. Senator from Delaware and U.S. Secretar ...

(W), until November 9, 1856 ::

Joseph P. Comegys Joseph Parsons Comegys (December 29, 1813 – February 1, 1893) was an American judge, lawyer and politician from Dover, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Whig Party and later the Democratic Party, who served in the Delaware Genera ...

(W), November 19, 1856 – January 14, 1857 :: Martin W. Bates (D), from January 14, 1857

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: 1.

Stephen Mallory Stephen Russell Mallory (1812 – November 9, 1873) was an American politician who was a United States Senator from Florida from 1851 to the secession of his home state and the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861. For much of that perio ...

(D) : 3.

David Levy Yulee David Levy Yulee (born David Levy; June 12, 1810 – October 10, 1886) was an American politician and attorney who served as the senator from Florida immediately before the American Civil War. He also founded the Florida Railroad Company and ser ...

(D)

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: 2.

Robert Toombs Robert Augustus Toombs (July 2, 1810 – December 15, 1885) was an American politician from Georgia, who was an important figure in the formation of the Confederacy. From a privileged background as a wealthy planter and slaveholder, Toomb ...

(D) : 3. Alfred Iverson Sr. (D)

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: 2.

Stephen A. Douglas Stephen Arnold Douglas (né Douglass; April 23, 1813 – June 3, 1861) was an American politician and lawyer from Illinois. As a United States Senate, U.S. senator, he was one of two nominees of the badly split Democratic Party (United States) ...

(D) : 3.

Lyman Trumbull Lyman Trumbull (October 12, 1813 – June 25, 1896) was an American lawyer, judge, and politician who represented the state of Illinois in the United States Senate from 1855 to 1873. Trumbull was a leading abolitionist attorney and key polit ...

(D)

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: 1.

(D) : 3. Graham N. Fitch (D), from February 4, 1857

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: 2.

George Wallace Jones George Wallace Jones (April 12, 1804 – July 22, 1896) was an American frontiersman, entrepreneur, attorney, and judge, was among the first two United States Senators to represent the state of Iowa after it was admitted to the Union in 1846. ...

(D) : 3. James Harlan (FS), until January 5, 1857 :: James Harlan (R), from January 29, 1857

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: 2. John B. Thompson (A) : 3.

John J. Crittenden John Jordan Crittenden (September 10, 1787 – July 26, 1863) was an American statesman and politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky. He represented the state in the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate and twice served as Uni ...

(A)

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: 2. Judah P. Benjamin (W) : 3.

John Slidell John Slidell (1793July 9, 1871) was an American politician, lawyer, slaveholder, and businessman. Database at A native of New York, Slidell moved to Louisiana as a young man. He was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives, U.S. House ...

(D)

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: 1.

Hannibal Hamlin Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809 – July 4, 1891) was an American politician and diplomat who was the 15th vice president of the United States, serving from 1861 to 1865, during President Abraham Lincoln's first term. He was the first Republi ...

(D) to (R) on June 12, 1856, until January 7, 1857 :: Amos Nourse (R), from January 16, 1857 : 2. William P. Fessenden (W)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: 3.

James A. Pearce James, Jim or Jimmy Pearce may refer to: Politics * James Pearce (American politician) (1805–1862), American senator from Maryland * James Pearce (South Australian politician) (1825–1904), House of Assembly and Legislative Council member *Jim P ...

(W) : 1. Thomas Pratt (W)

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: 1.

(FS) : 2.

Henry Wilson Henry Wilson (born Jeremiah Jones Colbath; February 16, 1812 – November 22, 1875) was the 18th vice president of the United States, serving from 1873 until his death in 1875, and a United States Senate, senator from Massachusetts from 1855 to ...

(R)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: 1.

Lewis Cass Lewis Cass (October 9, 1782June 17, 1866) was a United States Army officer and politician. He represented Michigan in the United States Senate and served in the Cabinets of two U.S. Presidents, Andrew Jackson and James Buchanan. He was also the 1 ...

(D) : 2.

(D)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: 1. Stephen Adams (D) : 2.

Albert G. Brown Albert Gallatin Brown (May 31, 1813June 12, 1880) was Governor of Mississippi from 1844 to 1848 and a United States Democratic Party, Democratic United States Senator from Mississippi from 1854 to 1861, when he withdrew during secession. Early ...

(D)

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: 1. Henry S. Geyer (W) : 3. James S. Green (D), from January 12, 1857

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: 2.

John P. Hale John Parker Hale (March 31, 1806November 19, 1873) was an American politician and lawyer from New Hampshire. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1843 to 1845 and in the United States Senate from 1847 to 1853 and again fro ...

(R), from July 30, 1855 : 3. James Bell (R), from July 30, 1855

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: 1. John R. Thomson (D) : 2. William Wright (D)

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

: 3.

William H. Seward William Henry Seward (; May 16, 1801 – October 10, 1872) was an American politician who served as United States Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869, and earlier served as governor of New York and as a United States senator. A determined opp ...

(R) : 1.

Hamilton Fish Hamilton Fish (August 3, 1808September 7, 1893) was an American statesman who served as the sixteenth governor of New York from 1849 to 1850, a United States senator from New York from 1851 to 1857, and the 26th U.S. secretary of state from ...

(W)

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: 2. David S. Reid (D) : 3.

Asa Biggs Asa Biggs (February 4, 1811 – March 6, 1878) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist who served as a member of both chambers of the United States Congress and as a United States federal judge, United States district judge of the United ...

(D)

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: 1.

Benjamin Wade Benjamin Franklin "Bluff" Wade (October 27, 1800March 2, 1878) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator for Ohio from 1851 to 1869. He is known for his leading role among the Radical Republicans.

(R) : 3. George E. Pugh (D)

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

: 1.

Richard Brodhead Richard Brodhead (January 5, 1811September 16, 1863) was an American lawyer and politician from Easton, Pennsylvania. He represented Pennsylvania in both the U.S. House (1843 to 1849) and Senate (1851 to 1857). He was the father of U.S. Represe ...

(D) : 3.

William Bigler William Bigler (January 1, 1814August 9, 1880) was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Democrat as the 12th governor of Pennsylvania from 1852 to 1855 and as a member of the United States Senate for Pennsylvania from 1856 t ...

(D), from January 14, 1856

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

: 1. Charles T. James (D) : 2. Philip Allen (D)

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

: 3.

Andrew Butler Andrew Pickens Butler (November 18, 1796May 25, 1857) was an American lawyer, slaveholder, and United States senator from South Carolina who authored the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois. Database at In 1856, abo ...

(D) : 2.

Josiah J. Evans Josiah James Evans (November 27, 1786May 6, 1858) was born in Marlborough district in South Carolina to Thomas Evans, a prominent Revolutionary War soldier and South Carolina legislator, and Elizabeth Hodges. He graduated third in his class from ...

(D)

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

: 2. John Bell (W) : 1. James C. Jones (W)

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

: 2. Samuel Houston (D) : 1. Thomas J. Rusk (D)

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...

: 1.

Solomon Foot Solomon Foot (November 19, 1802March 28, 1866) was an American politician and attorney. He held numerous offices during his career, including Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives, State's Attorney for Rutland County, member of the U ...

(R) : 3.

Jacob Collamer Jacob Collamer (January 8, 1791 – November 9, 1865) was an American politician from Vermont. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives, as Postmaster General in the cabinet of President Zachary Taylor, and as a U.S. Senator. Born i ...

(R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

: 1. James M. Mason (D) : 2.

Robert M. T. Hunter Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (April 21, 1809 – July 18, 1887) was an American lawyer, politician and planter. He was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. representative (1837–1843, 1845–1847), Speaker of the United ...

(D)

Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...

: 1.

Henry Dodge Moses Henry Dodge (October 12, 1782 – June 19, 1867) was an American politician and military officer who was Democratic member to the U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Senate, Territorial Governor of Wisconsin and a veteran of the Bla ...

(D) : 3.

Charles Durkee Charles H. Durkee (December 10, 1805January 14, 1870) was an American politician, activist, and Wisconsin pioneer. He represented Wisconsin as a United States senator from 1855 to 1861, and served two terms in the U.S. House of Representati ...

(R)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: .

Percy Walker Percy Walker (1812–1880) was an American politician from Huntsville, Alabama. He was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia in 1835. He began practicing medicine in Mobile, Alabama. He served ...

(A) : . Eli S. Shorter (D) : . James F. Dowdell (D) : . William R. Smith (A) : . George S. Houston (D) : . Williamson R. W. Cobb (D) : . Sampson W. Harris (D)

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: .

Alfred B. Greenwood Alfred Burton Greenwood (July 11, 1811 – October 4, 1889) was an American attorney, judge, and a politician who served three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1853 to 1859. When Arkansas seceded from the Union in the Civil Wa ...

(D) : .

Albert Rust Albert Rust (April 4, 1870) was an American politician and slaveholder, who served as a delegate from Arkansas to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1862. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the U.S. represent ...

(D)

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

Both representatives were elected statewide on a

general ticket The general ticket or party block voting (PBV), is a type of block voting in which voters opt for a party or a team of candidates, and the highest-polling party/team becomes the winner and receives 100% of the seats for this multi-member distric ...

. : .

James W. Denver James William Denver (October 23, 1817 – August 9, 1892) was an American politician, soldier, and lawyer. He served in the California state government, as an officer in the United States Army in two wars, and as a Democratic member of the Uni ...

(D) : . Philemon T. Herbert (D)

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: . Ezra Clark Jr. (A) : . John Woodruff (A) : . Sidney Dean (A) : . William W. Welch (A)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: . Elisha D. Cullen (A)

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: .

Augustus Maxwell Augustus Emmet Maxwell (September 21, 1820 – May 5, 1903) was an American lawyer and politician. Maxwell served in a number of political positions in the State of Florida including as one of Florida's senators to the Confederate States Con ...

(D)

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: . James L. Seward (D) : . Martin J. Crawford (D) : . Robert P. Trippe (A) : . Hiram B. Warner (D) : . John H. Lumpkin (D) : .

Howell Cobb Howell Cobb (September 7, 1815 – October 9, 1868) was an American and later Confederate political figure. A southern Democrat, Cobb was a five-term member of the United States House of Representatives and the speaker of the House from 1849 to ...

(D) : . Nathaniel G. Foster (A) : .

Alexander Stephens Alexander Hamilton Stephens (February 11, 1812 – March 4, 1883) was an American politician who served as the first and only vice president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865, and later as the 50th governor of Georgia from 1882 unti ...

(D)

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: . Elihu B. Washburne (O) : . James H. Woodworth (O) : . Jesse O. Norton (O) : .

James Knox James Robert Knox GCC (2 March 1914 – 26 June 1983) was an Australian prelate of the Catholic Church. After years as a Vatican diplomat, he served as Archbishop of Melbourne from 1967 to 1974, prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worshi ...

(O) : . William A. Richardson (D), until August 25, 1856 :: Jacob C. Davis (D), from November 4, 1856 : .

Thomas L. Harris Thomas Langrell Harris (October 29, 1816 – November 24, 1858) was an American lawyer who was a soldier in the United States Army and U.S. Representative from Illinois in the mid-19th century. Harris was decorated for bravery at the Battle ...

(D) : . James C. Allen (D), until July 18, 1856, and from November 4, 1856 : . James L. D. Morrison (D), from November 4, 1856 : . Samuel S. Marshall (D)

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: . Smith Miller (D) : .

William H. English William Hayden English (August 27, 1822 – February 7, 1896) was an American politician. He served as a U.S. Representative from Indiana from 1853 to 1861 and was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States i ...

(D) : . George G. Dunn (O) : .

William Cumback William Cumback (March 24, 1829 – July 31, 1905) was an American lawyer and Civil War veteran who served one term as a U.S. Representative from Indiana from 1855 to 1857. Biography Born near Mount Carmel, Indiana, Cumback attended the commo ...

(O) : . David P. Holloway (O) : . Lucien Barbour (O) : . Harvey D. Scott (O) : . Daniel Mace (O) : .

Schuyler Colfax Schuyler Colfax Jr. ( ; March 23, 1823January 13, 1885) was an American journalist, businessman, and politician who served as the 17th vice president of the United States from 1869 to 1873, and prior to that as the 25th Speaker of the United Sta ...

(O) : .

Samuel Brenton Samuel Brenton (November 22, 1810 – March 29, 1857) was a U.S. Representative from Indiana; born in Gallatin County, Kentucky. Attended the public schools; was ordained to the Methodist ministry in 1830 and served as a minister; located at Danv ...

(O) : . John U. Pettit (O)

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: . Augustus Hall (D) : .

James Thorington James Thorington (May 7, 1816 – June 13, 1887) was a frontiersman, lawyer, judge, and one-term U.S. Representative from Iowa's 2nd congressional district. Biography Born in Wilmington, North Carolina, Thorington moved with his parents to Mont ...

(O)

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: . Henry C. Burnett (D) : . John P. Campbell Jr. (A) : . Warner L. Underwood (A) : . Albert G. Talbott (D) : . Joshua Jewett (D) : . John M. Elliott (D) : . Humphrey Marshall (A) : . Alexander K. Marshall (A) : . Leander Cox (A) : . Samuel F. Swope (A)

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: . George Eustis Jr. (A) : . Miles Taylor (D) : .

Thomas G. Davidson Thomas Green Davidson (August 3, 1805September 11, 1883) was a Democratic U.S. Representative from Louisiana. Shortly after Louisiana seceded from the Union in January 1861, Davidson vacated his seat. Life and career Born at Coles Creek, M ...

(D) : . John M. Sandidge (D)

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: . John M. Wood (O) : . John J. Perry (O) : . Ebenezer Knowlton (O) : . Samuel P. Benson (O) : . Israel Washburn Jr. (O) : . Thomas J. D. Fuller (D)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: . James A. Stewart (D) : . James B. Ricaud (A) : .

J. Morrison Harris James Morrison Harris (November 20, 1817 – July 16, 1898) was a Representative from the third district of Maryland. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Harris was educated at private institutions in the city. He then entered Lafayette College ...

(A) : .

Henry Winter Davis Henry Winter Davis (August 16, 1817December 30, 1865) was a United States Representative from the 4th and 3rd congressional districts of Maryland, well known as one of the Radical Republicans during the Civil War. He was the driving force behi ...

(A) : .

Henry William Hoffman Henry William Hoffman (November 10, 1825 – July 28, 1895) was a U.S. Representative from Maryland. Biography Born in Cumberland, Maryland, Hoffman attended the public schools and Allegany County Academy. He graduated from Jefferson College (n ...

(A) : . Thomas F. Bowie (D)

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: . Robert B. Hall (A) : .

James Buffington James Lawrence Buffington (May 15, 1922, Jersey Shore, Pennsylvania – July 20, 1981, Englewood, New Jersey) was an American jazz, studio, and classical hornist. Buffington was a busy studio and jazz player on the French horn. He was an auto ...

(A) : . William S. Damrell (A) : . Linus B. Comins (A) : .

Anson Burlingame Anson Burlingame (November 14, 1820 – February 23, 1870) was an American lawyer, Republican/American Party legislator, diplomat, and abolitionist. As diplomat, he served as the U.S. minister to China (1862–1867) and then as China's envoy to ...

(A) : . Timothy Davis (A) : .

(A) : . Chauncey L. Knapp (A) : .

Alexander De Witt Alexander De Witt (April 2, 1798 – January 13, 1879) was a 19th-century American politician from the state of Massachusetts. Born in New Braintree, Massachusetts, De Witt worked in textile manufacturing in Oxford, Massachusetts. Active in po ...

(A) : . Calvin C. Chaffee (A) : .

Mark Trafton Mark Trafton (August 1, 1810 – March 8, 1901) was a Methodist Episcopal minister who, as a member of the American Party served one term as a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Family history Trafton's mother Margaret Dennett, was the d ...

(A)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: . William A. Howard (O) : .

Henry Waldron Henry Waldron (October 11, 1819 – September 13, 1880) was an American politician and a United States Representative from the U.S. state of Michigan. Early life Waldron was born in Albany, New York, attended Albany Academy, and graduated from Ru ...

(O) : . David S. Walbridge (O) : . George W. Peck (D)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: . Daniel B. Wright (D) : . Hendley S. Bennett (D) : .

William Barksdale William Barksdale (August 21, 1821 – July 3, 1863) was an American lawyer, newspaper editor, U.S. Representative, and Confederate general in the American Civil War. He served four terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1853 to 1861. ...

(D) : . William A. Lake (A) : .

John A. Quitman John Anthony Quitman (September 1, 1798 – July 17, 1858) was an American lawyer, politician, and soldier. As President of the Mississippi Senate, he served one month as Acting Governor of Mississippi (from December 3, 1835, to January 7, 1836) a ...

(D)

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: . Luther M. Kennett (O) : .

Gilchrist Porter Gilchrist Porter (November 1, 1817 – November 1, 1894) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician who served two non-consecutive terms as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Missouri from 1851 to 1853, then aga ...

(O) : . James J. Lindley (O) : .

Mordecai Oliver Mordecai Baldwin Oliver (October 22, 1819 – April 25, 1898) was an attorney and two-term U.S. Representative from Missouri from 1853 to 1857. Biography Born in Anderson County, Kentucky, Oliver attended the common schools and then studie ...

(O) : . John G. Miller (O), until May 11, 1856 :: Thomas P. Akers (A), from August 18, 1856 : . John S. Phelps (D) : . Samuel Caruthers (O)

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: .

James Pike James Albert Pike (February 14, 1913–) was an American Episcopal bishop, accused heretic, writer, and one of the first mainline religious figures to appear regularly on television. Pike's outspoken, and to some of his fellow bishops, heretic ...

(A) : . Mason Tappan (A) : . Aaron H. Cragin (A)

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: . Isaiah D. Clawson (O) : . George R. Robbins (O) : . James Bishop (O) : .

George Vail George Vail (July 21, 1809 – May 23, 1875) was an American Democratic Party politician who represented in the United States House of Representatives from 1853 to 1857. His father Stephen Vail, and his brother Alfred Vail were the driving fo ...

(D) : . Alexander C. M. Pennington (O)

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

: .

William Valk William Weightman Valk (October 12, 1806September 20, 1879) was a soldier in the American Civil War and a U.S. Congressman. In 1830, Valk earned a degree in medicine, graduating from the University of South Carolina at Columbia in 1830. He ope ...

(A) : . James S. T. Stranahan (O) : . Guy R. Pelton (O) : . John Kelly (D) : . Thomas R. Whitney (A) : . John Wheeler (D) : . Thomas Child Jr. (O) : . Abram Wakeman (O) : . Bayard Clarke (O) : . Ambrose S. Murray (O) : .

Rufus H. King Rufus H. King (January 20, 1820 – September 13, 1890) was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from New York (state), New York. Biography Born in Rensselaerville, New York, King completed preparatory studies and was g ...

(O) : . Killian Miller (O) : .

Russell Sage Russell Risley Sage (August 4, 1816 – July 22, 1906) was an American financier, railroad executive and Whig Party (United States), Whig politician from New York (state), New York, who became one of the List of richest Americans in history, rich ...

(O) : . Samuel Dickson (O) : .

Edward Dodd Edward Dodd (August 25, 1805 – March 1, 1891) was a U.S. Representative from New York. Early life Edward Dodd was born in Salem, New York on August 25, 1805. He attended the public schools. Career He engaged in mercantile pursuits. He moved ...

(O) : . George A. Simmons (O) : . Francis E. Spinner (D) : . Thomas R. Horton (O) : . Jonas A. Hughston (O) : . Orsamus B. Matteson (O), until February 27, 1857 : .

Henry Bennett Henry Bennett or Bennet may refer to: *Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington (1618–1685), English statesman *Henry Bennett (American politician) (1808–1874), U.S. representative from New York *Henry Boswell Bennett (1809–1838), British officer ...

(O) : . Andrew Z. McCarty (O) : . William A. Gilbert (O), until February 27, 1857 : .

Amos P. Granger Amos Phelps Granger (June 3, 1789 – August 20, 1866) was a U.S. Representative from New York, cousin of Francis Granger. Granger served as a captain in the War of 1812. Early life Granger was born in Suffield, Connecticut on June 3, 1789. He ...

(O) : .

Edwin B. Morgan Edwin Barber Morgan (May 2, 1806 – October 13, 1881) was an entrepreneur and politician from the Finger Lakes region of western New York. He was the first president of Wells Fargo & Company, founder of the United States Express Company, and ...

(O) : .

Andrew Oliver Andrew Oliver (March 28, 1706 – March 3, 1774) was an American-born merchant and colonial administrator in the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Born into a wealthy and politically powerful merchant family, he is best known as the official respon ...

(D) : . John M. Parker (O) : . William H. Kelsey (O) : .

John Williams John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932)Nylund, Rob (November 15, 2022)Classic Connection review, ''WBOI'' ("For the second time this year, the Fort Wayne Philharmonic honored American composer, conductor, and arranger John Williams, who w ...

(D) : . Benjamin Pringle (O) : . Thomas T. Flagler (O) : . Solomon G. Haven (O) : . Francis S. Edwards (A), until February 28, 1857

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: . Robert T. Paine (A) : . Thomas H. Ruffin (D) : . Warren Winslow (D) : .

Lawrence O'Bryan Branch Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (November 28, 1820 – September 17, 1862) was an American politician who served as a representative for North Carolina in the Congress of the United States, U.S. Congress and a Confederate States of America, Confedera ...

(D) : . Edwin G. Reade (A) : .

Richard C. Puryear Richard Clauselle Puryear (February 9, 1801 – July 30, 1867) was a U.S. Congressman from North Carolina between the years of 1853 and 1857. A planter and politician, he also served in the North Carolina House for several terms and the state ...

(A) : .

F. Burton Craige Francis Burton Craige (March 13, 1811 – December 30, 1875) was an editor, lawyer, and U.S. representative from the south fork of the Yadkin River five miles from Salisbury, North Carolina. He was the youngest son of David and Mary Foster Craig ...

(D) : . Thomas L. Clingman (D)

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: . Timothy C. Day (O) : .

John Scott Harrison John Scott Harrison (October 4, 1804 – May 25, 1878) was an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio from 1853 to 1857. He was a son of U.S. president William Henry Harrison and First ...

(O) : .

Lewis D. Campbell Lewis Davis Campbell (August 9, 1811 – November 26, 1882) was an American politician as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative for Ohio. Over his political career he was elected as a Whig Party (United States), Whig, Rep ...

(O) : . Matthias H. Nichols (O) : . Richard Mott (O) : . Jonas R. Emrie (O) : .

Aaron Harlan Aaron Harlan (September 8, 1802 – January 8, 1868) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio, cousin of Andrew Jackson Harlan. Born in Warren County, Ohio, Harlan attended a public school and later attended a law school. He was admitted to the b ...

(O) : . Benjamin Stanton (O) : . Cooper K. Watson (O) : . Oscar F. Moore (O) : . Valentine B. Horton (O) : .

Samuel Galloway Samuel Galloway (March 20, 1811 – April 5, 1872) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio. Born in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Galloway attended local public schools. He moved to Ohio and settled in Highland County in 1830. He graduated from Miami ...

(O) : .

John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823October 22, 1900) was an American politician from Ohio who served in federal office throughout the Civil War and into the late nineteenth century. A member of the Republican Party, he served in both houses of the U. ...

(O) : . Philemon Bliss (O) : . William R. Sapp (O) : . Edward Ball (O) : . Charles J. Albright (O) : . Benjamin F. Leiter (O) : .

Edward Wade Edward Wade (November 22, 1802 – August 13, 1866) was an American lawyer and politician who served four terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1853 to 1861. He was the brother of Benjamin Franklin Wade. Biography Born in West Springf ...

(O) : .

Joshua R. Giddings Joshua Reed Giddings (October 6, 1795 – May 27, 1864) was an American attorney, politician and abolitionist. He represented Northeast Ohio in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1838 to 1859. He was at first a member of the Whig Party an ...

(O) : .

John Bingham John Armor Bingham (January 21, 1815 – March 19, 1900) was an American politician who served as a Republican representative from Ohio and as the United States ambassador to Japan. In his time as a congressman, Bingham served as both assis ...

(O)

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

: . Thomas B. Florence (D) : . Job R. Tyson (O) : . William Millward (O) : .

Jacob Broom Jacob Broom (October 17, 1752 – April 25, 1810) was an American Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father, businessman, and politician from Wilmington, Delaware. As a delegate to the Constitutional Convention (United States), U.S. ...

(A) : . John Cadwalader (D) : . John Hickman (D) : . Samuel C. Bradshaw (O) : . J. Glancey Jones (D) : . Anthony E. Roberts (O) : . John C. Kunkel (O) : . James H. Campbell (O) : . Henry M. Fuller (O) : .

Asa Packer Asa Packer (December 29, 1805May 17, 1879) was an American businessman who pioneered railroad construction, was active in Pennsylvania politics, and founded Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He was a conservative and religious man who ...

(D) : . Galusha A. Grow (D) : . John J. Pearce (O) : .

Lemuel Todd Lemuel Todd (July 29, 1817 – May 12, 1891) was an American politician who served as an Oppositionist member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district from 1855 to 1857 and as a Republican member of t ...

(O) : . David F. Robison (O) : . John R. Edie (O) : .

John Covode John Covode (March 17, 1808 – January 11, 1871) was an American businessman and abolitionist politician. He served three terms in the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Early life Covode was born in Fairfield Towns ...

(O) : .

Jonathan Knight Jonathan Rashleigh Knight-Rodriguez (né Knight; born November 29, 1968) is an American-Canadian pop singer. He is best known for being a member of the boy band New Kids on the Block. The band also includes his younger brother Jordan, and member ...

(O) : . David Ritchie (O) : . Samuel A. Purviance (O) : . John Allison (O) : . David Barclay (D) : . John Dick (O)

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

: . Nathaniel B. Durfee (A) : . Benjamin B. Thurston (A)

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

: .

John McQueen John McQueen (February 9, 1804 – August 30, 1867) was an American lawyer and politician. He was U.S. Representative from South Carolina and a member of the Confederate States Congress during the American Civil War. Early life and educatio ...

(D) : . William Aiken Jr. (D) : .

Laurence M. Keitt Laurence Massillon Keitt (October 4, 1824 – June 2, 1864) was an American planter, lawyer, politician, and soldier from South Carolina. During his tenure in the United States House of Representatives, he was included in several lists of Fire- ...

(D), until July 15, 1856, and from August 6, 1856 : .

(D), until July 15, 1856, and from August 1, 1856, until January 27, 1857 : . James L. Orr (D) : . William W. Boyce (D)

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

: . Albert G. Watkins (D) : . William H. Sneed (A) : . Samuel A. Smith (D) : .

John H. Savage John Houston Savage (October 9, 1815 – April 5, 1904) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 4th congressional district of Tennessee. Biography Savage was born in McMinnville, Tennessee on ...

(D) : .

Charles Ready Charles Ready (December 22, 1802 – June 4, 1878) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Tennessee's Tennessee's 5th congressional district, 5th congressional district. Biography Ready was born ...

(A) : . George W. Jones (D) : . John V. Wright (D) : .

Felix K. Zollicoffer Felix Kirk Zollicoffer (May 19, 1812 – January 19, 1862) was an American newspaperman, slave owner, politician, and soldier. A three-term United States House of Representatives, US Representative from Tennessee, an officer in the United State ...

(A) : . Emerson Etheridge (A) : . Thomas Rivers (A)

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

: .

Lemuel D. Evans Lemuel Dale Evans (January 8, 1810 – July 1, 1877) was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Texas. Born in Tennessee, Evans studied law and was admitted to the bar. He moved to Marshall, Texas, in 1843 and en ...

(A) : . Peter H. Bell (D)

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...

: . James Meacham (O), until August 23, 1856 :: George T. Hodges (R), from December 1, 1856 : .

Justin S. Morrill Justin Smith Morrill (April 14, 1810December 28, 1898) was an American politician and entrepreneur who represented Vermont in the United States House of Representatives (1855–1867) and United States Senate (1867–1898). He is most widely reme ...

(O) : . Alvah Sabin (O)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

: . Thomas H. Bayly (D), until June 23, 1856 ::

Muscoe R. H. Garnett Muscoe Russell Hunter Garnett (July 25, 1821 – February 14, 1864), was a nineteenth-century politician and lawyer from Virginia. Early life Garnett was born on his family's " Elmwood" estate located near Loretto, Virginia. He was the son of ...

(D), from December 1, 1856 : .

John S. Millson John Singleton Millson (October 1, 1808 – March 1, 1874) was an American lawyer and politician who served six consecutive terms as a U.S. Representative from Virginia from 1849 to 1861. Biography Born in Norfolk, Virginia, Millson pursu ...

(D) : . John Caskie (D) : . William Goode (D) : . Thomas S. Bocock (D) : . Paulus Powell (D) : .

William Smith William, Willie, Will, Bill, or Billy Smith may refer to: Academics * William Smith (Master of Clare College, Cambridge) (1556–1615), English academic * William Smith (antiquary) (c. 1653–1735), English antiquary and historian of University C ...

(D) : . Charles J. Faulkner Sr. (D) : .

John Letcher John Letcher (March 29, 1813January 26, 1884) was an American lawyer, journalist, and politician. He served as a Representative in the United States Congress, was the 34th Governor of Virginia during the American Civil War, and later served in ...

(D) : .

Zedekiah Kidwell Zedekiah Kidwell (January 4, 1814 – April 27, 1872) was a nineteenth-century politician, physician, lawyer, teacher and clerk from Virginia and West Virginia. He served two terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1853 to 1857. ...

(D) : .

John S. Carlile John Snyder Carlile (December 16, 1817October 24, 1878) was an American merchant, lawyer, slaveowner and politician, including a United States senator. A strong supporter of the Union cause during the American Civil War, he represented the loy ...

(A) : . Henry A. Edmundson (D) : .

LaFayette McMullen LaFayette "Fayette" McMullen (May 18, 1805 – November 8, 1880) was a 19th-century politician, driver, teamster and banker from the U.S. state of Virginia and the second appointed Governor of Washington Territory. Early life and family Born ...

(D)

Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...

: . Daniel Wells Jr. (D) : . Cadwallader C. Washburn (O) : . Charles Billinghurst (O)

Non-voting members

: . John W. Whitfield (D), until August 1, 1856, and from December 9, 1856 : . Henry M. Rice (D) : .

Bird B. Chapman Bird Beers Chapman (August 24, 1821 – September 21, 1871) was an American politician and lawyer from the Nebraska Territory; born in Salisbury, Connecticut, August 24, 1821; attended the public schools; studied law; was admitted to the bar and ...

(D) : .

José Manuel Gallegos José Manuel Gallegos (October 30, 1815 – April 21, 1875) was a delegate to the U.S. Congress from the Territory of New Mexico. Biography Born in Abiquiú, in what is now Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, Gallegos attended parochial schoo ...

(D), until July 23, 1856 :: Miguel A. Otero (D), from July 23, 1856 : .

Joseph Lane Joseph Lane (December 14, 1801 – April 19, 1881) was an American politician and soldier. He was a state legislator representing Evansville, Indiana, and then served in the Mexican–American War, becoming a general. President James K. Polk ap ...

(D) : . John M. Bernhisel : . James P. Anderson (D) 34 us house membership

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

, - , nowrap ,

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

(2) , Vacant , Charles G. Atherton (D) died during the previous Congress.

Jared W. Williams Jared Warner Williams (December 22, 1796September 29, 1864) was an American lawyer and politician from Lancaster, New Hampshire, who was a List of United States Representatives from New Hampshire, U.S. representative, the 21st governor of New Ha ...

(D) was appointed November 29, 1853, to continue the term, but his term was deemed expired July 15, 1854, and the legislature failed to elect a successor.
A successor was finally elected July 30, 1855. , nowrap ,

John Parker Hale John Parker Hale (March 31, 1806November 19, 1873) was an American politician and lawyer from New Hampshire. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1843 to 1845 and in the United States Senate from 1847 to 1853 and again fro ...

(R) , July 30, 1855 , - , nowrap ,

(3) , Vacant , Legislature failed to elect on time.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , James Bell (R) , July 30, 1855 , - , nowrap ,

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

(3) , Vacant , Legislature failed to elect on time.
Incumbent was then re-elected November 26, 1855. , nowrap ,

(D) , November 26, 1855 , - , nowrap ,

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

(3) , Vacant , Legislature failed to elect on time.
Successor elected January 14, 1856. , nowrap ,

(D) , January 14, 1856 , - , nowrap ,

(3) , Vacant , Elected but took seat late on January 12, 1857. , nowrap , James S. Green (D) , January 12, 1857 , - , nowrap ,

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

(3) , Vacant , Legislature failed to elect on time.
Incumbent was then re-elected January 13, 1857. , nowrap ,

(D) , January 13, 1857 , - , nowrap ,

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

(3) , Vacant , Legislature failed to elect on time.
Senator elected February 4, 1857. , nowrap , Graham N. Fitch (D) , February 4, 1857 , - , nowrap ,

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

(2) , nowrap ,

(W) , Died November 9, 1856.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap ,

(W) , November 19, 1856 , - , nowrap ,

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

(1) , nowrap ,

(D) , Resigned January 7, 1857, to become

Governor of Maine The governor of Maine is the head of government of the U.S. state of Maine. Before Maine was admitted to the Union in 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts and the governor of Massachusetts was chief executive. The current governor of Maine is J ...

.
Successor was

elected Elected may refer to: * "Elected" (song), by Alice Cooper, 1973 * ''Elected'' (EP), by Ayreon, 2008 *The Elected, an American indie rock band See also *Election An election is a formal group decision-making process whereby a population ch ...

January 16, 1857. , nowrap , Amos Nourse (R) , January 16, 1857 , - , nowrap ,

(2) , nowrap ,

(W) , Appointment expired January 14, 1857, upon successor's election. , nowrap , Martin W. Bates (D) , January 14, 1857 , - , nowrap ,

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

(3) , nowrap , James Harlan (FS) , Owing to irregularities in the legislative proceedings the Senate declared the seat vacant January 5, 1857.
Incumbent was subsequently re-elected January 29, 1857, to fill the vacancy caused by his ouster. , nowrap , James Harlan (R) , January 29, 1857

House of Representatives

* Replacements: 6 ** Democrats: 2 seat net loss ** Opposition: 4 seat net gain * Deaths: 4 * Resignations: 5 * Contested election: 1 *Total seats with changes: 10 , - , , Vacant , style="font-size:80%" , Rep-elect

resigned in previous congress after being elected to the

US Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and House have the authority under Article One of the ...

, , James L. D. Morrison (D) , Seated November 4, 1856 , - , , , John G. Miller (O) , style="font-size:80%" , Died May 11, 1856 , , Thomas P. Akers (A) , Seated August 18, 1856 , - , , , Thomas H. Bayly (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Died June 23, 1856 , ,

(D) , Seated December 1, 1856 , - , , ,

(D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned July 15, 1856, after being censured in his role in the assault on US Senator

. He was subsequently re-elected to fill the vacancy , ,

(D) , Seated August 6, 1856 , - , , ,

(D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned July 15, 1856, after assaulting US Senator

. He was subsequently re-elected to fill the vacancy , ,

(D) , Seated August 1, 1856 , - , , , James C. Allen (D) , style="font-size:80%" , House declared on July 18, 1856, he was not entitled to seat. He was subsequently re-elected to fill the vacancy , , James C. Allen (D) , Seated November 4, 1856 , - , , , José M. Gallegos (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Contested election July 23, 1856 , , Miguel A. Otero (D) , Seated July 23, 1856 , - , , , John W. Whitfield (D) , style="font-size:80%" , House declared August 1, 1856, the seat vacant. He was subsequently re-elected to fill the vacancy , , John W. Whitfield (D) , Seated December 9, 1856 , - , , , James Meacham (O) , style="font-size:80%" , Died August 23, 1856 , , George T. Hodges (R) , Seated December 1, 1856 , - , , , William A. Richardson (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned August 25, 1856 , , Jacob C. Davis (D) , Seated November 4, 1856 , - , , ,

(D) , style="font-size:80%" , Died January 27, 1857 , Vacant , Not filled this term , - , , , Orsamus B. Matteson (O) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned February 27, 1857 , Vacant , Not filled this term , - , , , William A. Gilbert (O) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned February 27, 1857 , Vacant , Not filled this term , - , , , Francis S. Edwards (A) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned February 28, 1857 , Vacant , Not filled this term

Committees

List of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

Agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...

(Chairman: Philip Allen) * American Association for the Promotion of Science (Select) * Atmospheric Telegraph Between Washington and Baltimore (Select) * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman:

) * Claims (Chairman:

) *

Commerce Commerce is the organized Complex system, system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions that directly or indirectly contribute to the smooth, unhindered large-scale exchange (distribution through Financial transaction, transactiona ...

(Chairman:

then

) * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select) *

District of Columbia Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and Federal district of the United States, federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from ...

(Chairman:

) * Engrossed Bills (Chairman:

) *

Finance Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and Academic discipline, discipline of money, currency, assets and Liability (financial accounting), liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business administration, Business Admin ...

(Chairman:

) *

Foreign Relations Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a State (polity), state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities. It encompasses a wide range of objectives, includ ...

(Chairman: James M. Mason) * French Spoilations (Select) *

Indian Affairs The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing federal laws and policies related to Native Americans and A ...

(Chairman:

) *

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

(Chairman: Andrew P. Butler) *

Library A library is a collection of Book, books, and possibly other Document, materials and Media (communication), media, that is accessible for use by its members and members of allied institutions. Libraries provide physical (hard copies) or electron ...

(Chairman:

) * Loss of Original Papers of Mark and Richard Bean (Select) *

Mexican Claims Commission Mexican may refer to: Mexico and its culture *Being related to, from, or connected to the country of Mexico, in North America ** People *** Mexicans, inhabitants of the country Mexico and their descendants *** Mexica, ancient indigenous people ...

(Select) *

Manufactures Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of the secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer ...

(Chairman: William Wright) *

Military Affairs Military science is the study of military processes, institutions, and behavior, along with the study of warfare, and the theory and application of organized coercive force. It is mainly focused on theory, method, and practice of producing mi ...

(Chairman:

) *

Militia A militia ( ) is a military or paramilitary force that comprises civilian members, as opposed to a professional standing army of regular, full-time military personnel. Militias may be raised in times of need to support regular troops or se ...

(Chairman:

Sam Houston Samuel Houston (, ; March 2, 1793 – July 26, 1863) was an American general and statesman who played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution. He served as the first and third president of the Republic of Texas and was one of the first two indi ...

) * Naval Affairs (Chairman:

) * Ordnance and War Ships (Select) *

Pacific Railroad The Pacific Railroad (not to be confused with Union Pacific Railroad) was a railroad based in Missouri. It was a predecessor of both the Missouri Pacific Railroad and St. Louis-San Francisco Railway. The Pacific was chartered by Missouri in 184 ...

(Select) * Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: Charles T. James) *

Pensions A pension (; ) is a fund into which amounts are paid regularly during an individual's working career, and from which periodic payments are made to support the person's retirement from work. A pension may be either a "defined benefit plan", wher ...

(Chairman:

) * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Thomas J. Rusk) *

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

(Chairman: Robert W. Johnson) * Private Claims Commission (Select) * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Judah P. Benjamin) * Protection of Life and Health in Passenger Ships (Select) *

Public Buildings A building or edifice is an enclosed Structure#Load-bearing, structure with a roof, walls and window, windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, a ...

(Chairman: James A. Bayard) *

Public Lands In all modern states, a portion of land is held by central or local governments. This is called public land, state land, or Crown land (Commonwealth realms). The system of tenure of public land, and the terminology used, varies between countries. ...

(Chairman:

) *

Retrenchment Retrenchment (, an old form of ''retranchement'', from ''retrancher'', to cut down, cut short) is an act of cutting down or reduction, particularly of public expenditure. Political usage The word is familiar in its most general sense from the mot ...

(Chairman: Stephen Adams) * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman:

) * Roads and Canals (Chairman:

) * Sickness on Emigrant Ships (Select) * Tariff Regulation (Select) *

Territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, ...

(Chairman:

) * Whole

House of Representatives

* Accounts (Chairman: Benjamin B. Thurston) *

(Chairman: David P. Holloway) * Claims (Chairman: John Hickman) *

(Chairman: Elihu B. Washburne) *

(Chairman: Orsamus B. Matteson) *

Elections An election is a formal group decision-making process whereby a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated ...

(Chairman: Israel Washburn Jr.) *

Engraving Engraving is the practice of incising a design on a hard, usually flat surface by cutting grooves into it with a Burin (engraving), burin. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or Glass engraving, glass ar ...

(Chairman: William H. Kelsey) * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman:

) * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: John Pettit) * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Preston S. Brooks) * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman:

) * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Joshua H. Jewett) * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman:

Fayette McMullen LaFayette "Fayette" McMullen (May 18, 1805 – November 8, 1880) was a 19th-century politician, driver, teamster and banker from the U.S. state of Virginia and the second appointed Governor of Washington Territory. Early life and family Born ...

) *

Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and foreign policy of the United States, U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit organization, nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership or ...

(Chairman: Alexander C. M. Pennington) *

(Chairman: Benjamin Pringle) * Invalid Pensions (Chairman:

) *

(Chairman: George A. Simmons) *

(Chairman: Ezra Clark Jr.) * Mileage (Chairman: William H. Sneed) *

(Chairman:

) *

(Chairman: John C. Kunkel) * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Samuel P. Benson) *

Patents A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling discl ...

(Chairman:

) * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Daniel Mace) * Private Land Claims (Chairman:

) * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Edward Ball) *

Public Expenditures Government spending or expenditure includes all government consumption, investment, and transfer payments. In national income accounting, the acquisition by governments of goods and services for current use, to directly satisfy the individual or ...

(Chairman: Sidney Dean) *

(Chairman:

) * Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Alvah Sabin) * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: David Ritchie) * Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman:

) * Roads and Canals (Chairman:

) *

Rules Rule or ruling may refer to: Human activity * The exercise of political or personal control by someone with authority or power * Business rule, a rule pertaining to the structure or behavior internal to a business * School rule, a rule tha ...

(Select) * Standards of Official Conduct *

(Chairman: Galusha A. Grow) *

Ways and Means A ways and means committee is a government body that is charged with reviewing and making recommendations for government budgets. Because the raising of revenue is vital to carrying out governmental operations, such a committee is tasked with fi ...

(Chairman:

) * Whole

Joint committees

* Amending the Constitution on Presidential and Vice Presidential Elections * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep.

) * The Library (Chairman: Rep.

William Aiken William Aiken Sr. (1779 – May 5, 1831) was the founder and president of the pioneering South Carolina Canal and Rail Road Company. and Born in County Antrim, Ireland, he immigrated to Charleston, South Carolina at age 10. He was rai ...

) *

(Chairman: Rep. Matthias H. Nichols) * San Francisco Disaster

Caucuses

* Democratic (House) * Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol The Architect of the Capitol is the Federal government of the United States, federal Government agency, agency responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, and preservation of the United States Capitol Complex. It is an agency of t ...

: Thomas U. Walter *

Librarian of Congress The librarian of Congress is the head of the Library of Congress, appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, for a term of ten years. The librarian of Congress also appoints and overs ...

John Silva Meehan John Silva Meehan (February 6, 1790 – April 24, 1863) was an American publisher, printer, and newspaper editor. He served as the librarian of Congress from 1829 to 1861. Born in New York City, Meehan worked as a printer in his youth. He brie ...

Senate

Chaplain A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric (such as a minister, priest, pastor, rabbi, purohit, or imam), or a lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secular institution (such as a hospital, prison, military unit, intellige ...

: Henry Slicer (

Methodist Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a Protestant Christianity, Christian Christian tradition, tradition whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's brother ...

), until December 4, 1855 ** Henry C. Dean (

), until December 8, 1856 ** Stephen P. Hill (

Baptist Baptists are a Christian denomination, denomination within Protestant Christianity distinguished by baptizing only professing Christian believers (believer's baptism) and doing so by complete Immersion baptism, immersion. Baptist churches ge ...

), elected December 8, 1856 *

Secretary A secretary, administrative assistant, executive assistant, personal secretary, or other similar titles is an individual whose work consists of supporting management, including executives, using a variety of project management, program evalu ...

Asbury Dickins Asbury Dickins (July 29, 1780 – October 23, 1861) was a United States government official who served as Secretary of the United States Senate from 1836 until shortly before he died in 1861. Originally from North Carolina, Dickins moved to ...

Sergeant at Arms A serjeant-at-arms or sergeant-at-arms is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. The word "serjeant" is derived from the Latin , which means "servant". Historically, serjeants-at-a ...

Dunning R. McNair Dunning Robert McNair (April 2, 1797 – March 16, 1875) was the Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate from March 17, 1853, to July 6, 1861. Biography Dunning R. McNair was born in what would become Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, on April 2, 17 ...

House of Representatives

: None *

Clerk A clerk is a white-collar worker who conducts record keeping as well as general office tasks, or a worker who performs similar sales-related tasks in a retail environment. The responsibilities of clerical workers commonly include Records managem ...

John W. Forney John Weiss Forney (30 September 1817 – 9 December 1881) was an American newspaper publisher and politician. He was clerk of the United States House of Representatives from 1851 through 1856, and again from 1860 through 1861. He was thereafter se ...

, until February 4, 1856 ** William Cullom, elected February 4, 1856 * Doorkeeper: Nathan Darling *

Messenger Messenger, Messengers, The Messenger or The Messengers may refer to: People * Courier, a person or company that delivers messages, packages, or mail * Messenger (surname) * Bicycle messenger, a bicyclist who transports packages through cities * M ...

: Thaddeus Morrice *

Postmaster A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office. When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), ...

Robert Morris Robert or Bob Morris may refer to: :''Ordered chronologically within each section.'' Politics and the law * Robert Hunter Morris (1700–1764), lieutenant governor of Colonial Pennsylvania * Robert Morris (financier) (1734–1806), one of the Foun ...

: Adam J. Glossbrenner * Reading Clerks:

Notes

References

* *

External links

Statutes at Large, 1789-1875

* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20060601025644/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
U.S. House of Representatives: House History

* * {{USCongresses