The 2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an above-average and deadly season, becoming the most active since

2019 This was the year in which the first known human case of COVID-19 was documented, preceding COVID-19 pandemic, the pandemic which was declared by the World Health Organization the following year. Up to that point, 2019 had been described as ...

, with nine depressions and six cyclonic storms forming. It was the deadliest since

2017 2017 was designated as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development by the United Nations General Assembly. Events January * January 1 – Istanbul nightclub shooting: A gunman dressed as Santa Claus opens fire at the ...

, mostly due to

Cyclone Mocha Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Mocha () was a powerful and deadly tropical cyclone in the North Indian Ocean which affected Myanmar and parts of Bangladesh in May 2023. The second depression and the first cyclonic storm of the 2023 North India ...

, and had the second-highest

accumulated cyclone energy Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) is a metric used to compare overall activity of tropical cyclones, utilizing the available records of windspeeds at six-hour intervals to synthesize storm duration and strength into a single index value. The ACE ...

(ACE) in the basin, after the 2019 cyclone season, which was itself the second most active

North Indian Ocean cyclone season In the Indian Ocean north of the equator, tropical cyclones can form throughout the year on either side of the Indian subcontinent, although most frequently between April and June, and between October and December. The North Indian Ocean is the ...

on record in terms of cyclonic storms. The 2023 season also had the most extremely severe cyclonic storms on record, tying with

1999 1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons. Events January * January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers. * January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...

and 2019. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the peak from May to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approximately 20% of the water area of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia (continent), ...

. However, a cyclone can form at any time during the year shown by an unnamed depression that affected

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

in January–February. The scope of this article is limited to the Indian Ocean in the

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined by humans as being in the same celestial sphere, celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the Solar ...

, east of the

Horn of Africa The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press; 2004), ...

and west of the

Malay Peninsula The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area contains Peninsular Malaysia, Southern Tha ...

. There are two main

sea A sea is a large body of salt water. There are particular seas and the sea. The sea commonly refers to the ocean, the interconnected body of seawaters that spans most of Earth. Particular seas are either marginal seas, second-order section ...

s in the North Indian Ocean — the

Arabian Sea The Arabian Sea () is a region of sea in the northern Indian Ocean, bounded on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, Gulf of Aden and Guardafui Channel, on the northwest by Gulf of Oman and Iran, on the north by Pakistan, on the east by India, and ...

to the west of the

Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographic region of Asia below the Himalayas which projects into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. It is now divided between Bangladesh, India, and Pakista ...

, abbreviated ''ARB'' by the

India Meteorological Department India Meteorological Department (IMD) is an Indian agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology. IMD is headquar ...

(IMD); and the

Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. Geographically it is positioned between the Indian subcontinent and the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese peninsula, located below the Bengal region. Many South Asian and Southe ...

to the east, abbreviated ''BOB'' by the IMD. The official

Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre A Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) is responsible for the distribution of information, advisories, and warnings regarding the specific program they have a part of, agreed by consensus at the World Meteorological Organization as ...

in this basin is the

(IMD), while the

Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...

releases unofficial advisories for interest. On average, three to four cyclonic storms form in this basin every season. __TOC__

Season summary

Nearing the end of January, a tropical depression classified as ''BOB 01'' formed, becoming the first storm in the basin. The storm's formation makes it the first time since

to see a storm develop in the month of January in the basin. BOB 01 was short-lived and dissipated after making landfall on

. After almost four months of inactivity, the IMD began to monitor a disturbance which was located in the

on 6 May. The system steadily improved and was upgraded into a Depression by the IMD with it being classified as ''BOB 02''. Soon afterwards on 10 May, it intensified to a Deep Depression. On the next day, it strengthened into a Cyclonic Storm with the IMD naming the system ''Mocha''. Mocha afterwards, began to rapidly intensify and reached its peak intensity as a Category 5-equivalent cyclone on 14 May. Mocha then made landfall just north of

Sittwe Sittwe (, ), formerly Akyab (), is the capital of Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma). Sittwe is located on an estuarial island created at the confluence of the Kaladan, Mayu, and Lay Mro rivers emptying into the Bay of Bengal. As of 2019 the cit ...

Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...

as a Category 4-equivalent cyclone. The cyclone then rapidly weakened and was last noted over the

Chinese Chinese may refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people identified with China, through nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **Han Chinese, East Asian ethnic group native to China. **'' Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic ...

province A province is an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman , which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire, Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...

Yunnan Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 47.2 million (as of 2020). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces ...

on 15 May. Mocha caused heavy damage across Myanmar and

Bangladesh Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by ...

and killed at least 400 people. On 6 June, a Depression formed in the Arabian Sea, which was later named Biparjoy and rapidly intensified to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone. On 9 June, Tropical Storm 03B was designated by the JTWC in the Bay of Bengal. On 31 July, a low-pressure area developed into Tropical Storm 04B, which was designated by the JTWC. On 30 September, ARB 02 formed.

Systems

Depression BOB 01

On 25 January, a cyclonic circulation formed over the equatorial Indian Ocean and the adjoining

. Under the influence of the cyclonic circulation, a low-pressure area formed on 27 January. It would significantly concentrate, becoming a well-marked low-pressure area on 29 January. The system would intensify further, resulting in the IMD recognizing it as a depression the next day. The JTWC would also issue a

Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) is a bulletin released by the U.S. Navy-operated Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii or the Fleet Weather Center in Norfolk, Virginia, warning of the possibility of a tropical cyclone formi ...

(TCFA) for the system. However, increasing land interaction with

caused the JTWC to downgrade the system's chance for development to medium and subsequently canceling its TCFA. The disturbance finally weakened into a well-marked low pressure area over the

Gulf of Mannar The Gulf of Mannar ( ) (; ) is a large shallow bay forming part of the Laccadive Sea in the Indian Ocean with an average depth of .Madden–Julian oscillation The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is the largest element of the intraseasonal (30- to 90-day) variability in the tropical atmosphere. It was discovered in 1971 by Roland Madden and Paul Julian of the American National Center for Atmospheric ...

(MJO), according to the IMD. The JTWC also began monitoring the system on 7 May, marking its flaring

convection Convection is single or Multiphase flow, multiphase fluid flow that occurs Spontaneous process, spontaneously through the combined effects of material property heterogeneity and body forces on a fluid, most commonly density and gravity (see buoy ...

to the west of the circulation. On 9 May, the system was upgraded to a depression. The JTWC later issued a TCFA on the system as it was situated in very warm

sea surface temperature Sea surface temperature (or ocean surface temperature) is the ocean temperature, temperature of ocean water close to the surface. The exact meaning of ''surface'' varies in the literature and in practice. It is usually between and below the sea ...

s. The storm subsequently intensified into a deep depression at 03:00 UTC of 9 May, before upgrading further to a cyclonic storm on 11 May, attaining the name ''Mocha''. The JTWC followed suit in upgrading the system to tropical cyclone status the same day. Mocha quickly intensified to a severe cyclonic storm at 12:00 UTC after reaching winds of . After forming an

eye An eye is a sensory organ that allows an organism to perceive visual information. It detects light and converts it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons (neurones). It is part of an organism's visual system. In higher organisms, the ey ...

, Mocha became a very severe cyclonic storm on 12 May. Mocha

rapidly intensified Rapid intensification (RI) is any process wherein a tropical cyclone strengthens very dramatically in a short period of time. Tropical cyclone forecasting agencies utilize differing thresholds for designating rapid intensification events, th ...

to an extremely severe cyclonic storm at 18:00 UTC, before undergoing an

eyewall replacement cycle In meteorology, eyewall replacement cycles, also called concentric eyewall cycles, naturally occur in intense tropical cyclones with maximum sustained winds greater than , or hurricane-force, and particularly in major hurricanes of Saffir–Simps ...

. After having completing the cycle on 13 May, Mocha rapidly intensified and reached a peak intensity as a Category 5-equivalent tropical cyclone the next day,Alt URL
/ref> shortly before the storm entered unfavourable conditions. Mocha weakened before making

landfall Landfall is the event of a storm moving over land after being over water. More broadly, and in relation to human travel, it refers to 'the first land that is reached or seen at the end of a journey across the sea or through the air, or the fact ...

near

, Myanmar. Mocha began to weaken swiftly after landfall due to Myanmar's terrain, with wind shear degrading the storm further. The system would be downgraded to a depression on 15 May, before becoming marked as a low-pressure area later that day. The death toll from Cyclone Mocha varies significantly.

ASEAN The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, commonly abbreviated as ASEAN, is a regional grouping of 10 states in Southeast Asia "that aims to promote economic and security cooperation among its ten members." Together, its member states r ...

reported a total of 145 deaths, whereas the

National Unity Government of Myanmar The National Unity Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (; abbreviated NUG) is a provisional government for Myanmar formed by the Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (CRPH), a group of elected lawmakers and Member of parliam ...

(NUG) stated that Mocha killed at least 463 people, including three indirect deaths in Bangladesh. The cyclone also injured 719 people and left 101 others missing. It caused about US$1.5 billion of damage in Myanmar.

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Biparjoy

A cyclonic circulation formed over the Arabian Sea on 5 June. On the same day, a low-pressure area formed as a result of cyclonic circulation. The following day, it intensified significantly into a depression. The IMD upgraded the depression to a deep depression, and subsequently to Cyclonic Storm Biparjoy. The JTWC subsequently classified it as ''Tropical Cyclone 02A.'' By 00:00 UTC on 7 June, the IMD upgraded the system to a severe cyclonic storm with winds of . At the cloud tops Biparjoy warmed and the convective burst collapsed, resulting in an upper-level outflow from the storm and pushing it back towards its system core. Biparjoy was upgraded to a very severe cyclonic storm at 06:00 UTC, at which point the system became a Category 2-equivalent tropical cyclone. The cyclone suffered wind shear due to moderate easterly vertical wind, with the deep convection displaced from the LLCC. Biparjoy unexpectedly

and became a Category 3-equivalent cyclone on 11 June. Biparjoy reached its peak intensity as an extremely severe cyclonic storm, with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of . The shear decreased and convective organization and areal extent increased. Biparjoy gradually weaken with convective banding over the northern semicircle. Biparjoy made

on 16 June near

Naliya Naliya is a town, which is also the taluka headquarters of Abdasa Taluka of Kutch District (kachchh), Gujarat, India. It is located on the western end of Kutch 19 km by road from ancient port of Jakhau. History Naliya was a prosperous tr ...

, India, with sustained winds of . Shortly after its landfall, the JTWC discontinued warnings on the system. and was later marked as a low-pressure area by the IMD on 19 June, prompting the discontinuation of advisories on the system. In Pakistan, 81,000 people were evacuated from the southeastern coast, and authorities established 75 relief camps at schools to provide assistance. At least 23 people were injured as well as 4,600 villages were affected by power outages in India. A total of 12 people were confirmed to have been killed by the storm.

Deep Depression BOB 03

On 29 July the IMD noted a cyclonic circulation forming over North

Odisha Odisha (), formerly Orissa (List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2011), is a States and union territories of India, state located in East India, Eastern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by ar ...

and nearby Gangetic

West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...

. On the same day, it noted the formation of low pressure area over same region and on next day it moved over the Northeastern part of Bay of Bengal. By the same time at 06:00 UTC on 31 July, the

JTWC The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...

designated it as Invest 95B and gave low chance of developing. Despite its low level circulation exposed, it continued to intensify and at 12:00 UTC of the same day, the IMD upgraded it to a well marked low. On 21:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm designated as 04B and peaked as a 40 kt storm. On 00:00 UTC of 1 August, the IMD upgraded it to a Depression designated as BOB 03. It continued to intensify till Deep Depression intensity off the coast of Bangladesh and made landfall at

Khepupara Kalapara Upazila (, also known as Khepupara () is an upazila of Patuakhali District in the Division of Barisal, Bangladesh. History The Rakhine tribe of Bangladesh first settled in this upazila. A section of the people belonging to the Buddhist R ...

at 12:00 UTC. The JTWC stopped issuing advisories by 06:00 UTC stating that it made landfall. It continued to move into

Eastern India East India is a region consisting of the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal and also the union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The states of Bihar and West Bengal lie on the Indo-Gangetic plain. Jharkhan ...

while maintaining intensity. It weakened into Depression over

Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in East India, eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north ...

on 2 August 18:00 UTC. Continued to move west-northwest, it became a well-marked low pressure area over north Chhattisgarh and nearby region by 12:00 UTC on 3 August.

Depression ARB 02

In the early hours of 29 September, an area of low pressure spawned over the eastern Arabian Sea near the

Konkan coast The Konkan is a stretch of land by the western coast of India, bound by the river Daman Ganga at Damaon in the north, to Anjediva Island next to Karwar town in the south; with the Arabian Sea to the west and the Deccan plateau to the east ...

. Amidst favourable conditions, the low rapidly organized, becoming a well-marked low pressure area by 00:00 UTC the next day before developing into a depression three hours later. However, its proximity to land prevented the system from intensifying further as it moved northeastward, and it made landfall between

Panjim Panaji (; , , )also known as Panjim, is the capital of the Indian state of Goa and the headquarters of North Goa district. Previously, it was the territorial capital of the former Portuguese India. It lies on the banks of the Mandovi river est ...

and

Ratnagiri Ratnagiri (IAST:Ratnāgirī ; �ət̪n̪aːɡiɾiː is a port city on the Arabian Sea coast in Ratnagiri District in southwestern Maharashtra, India. The district is part of Konkan division of Maharashtra. The city is known for the Hapus or ...

between 15:00–17:00 UTC that same day. The depression moved east-northeastward following landfall, weakening to a well-marked low pressure area over southern

Maharashtra Maharashtra () is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. It is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and Goa to the south, Telangana to th ...

by 03:00 UTC on 1 October. The depression brought heavy rainfall over the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Goa. No damages were reported from the system.

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej

On 16 October, the

(IMD) began monitoring a disturbance which had the potential to become a

cyclonic In meteorology, a cyclone () is a large air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere as viewed from above (opposite to an anti ...

circulation in the

. In the Arabian Sea, warmer

s, pointing to positive

Indian Ocean Dipole The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), is an irregular oscillation of sea surface temperatures in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer (positive phase) and then colder (negative phase) than the eastern part of the ocean. Phenomen ...

, would help the disturbance develop. A cyclonic circulation formed over the Arabian Sea on 16 October, and a

low-pressure area In meteorology, a low-pressure area (LPA), low area or low is a region where the atmospheric pressure is lower than that of surrounding locations. It is the opposite of a high-pressure area. Low-pressure areas are commonly associated with incle ...

formed as a result of the cyclonic circulation in the morning of 18 October. The system would coalesce into a depression on 21 October. Later that day, the system would intensify into a cyclonic storm, receiving the name ''Tej''. As Tej traversed northwestward, it would be in an environment with warm SSTs, allowing it to rapidly intensify into a ''Category-3 tropical cyclone'' on 22 October. The storm would soon weaken, making landfall in the

Al Mahrah Governorate Al Mahrah ( '), or simply Mahra, is a governorate ('' muhafazah'') of Yemen in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Situated in the area of the former Mahra Sultanate, its capital is Al Ghaydah. It has international borders with Oman. ...

of Yemen between 23 and 24 October 2023, bringing significant rainfall and flooding across the eastern half of the country and western parts of

Oman Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in West Asia and the Middle East. It shares land borders with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Oman’s coastline ...

. Torrential rain on Saturday caused flooding on the island of Socotra as the cyclone made landfall. The flooding led to some roads in the governorate's capital city of

Hadibu Hadibu ( '), formerly known as Tamrida (), is a coastal town in northern Socotra, Yemen. It is the largest town in the small archipelago, with a population of 8,545 as of the 2004 census. Hadibu is the capital of the Socotra Governorate and the la ...

being cut, along with other areas in the archipelago. The

Socotra Airport Socotra Airport (Arabic language, Arabic:مطار سقطرى) is an airport in Socotra, Yemen . It is the only commercial airport that serves the Yemeni island of Socotra in the Arabian Sea and its capital town of Hadibu. Overview The most remo ...

recorded of rain, with wind speeds reaching and gusts exceeding .

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Hamoon

On 21 October, a low-pressure area formed in the Bay of Bengal. On the same day the

(JTWC) issued a

(TCFA) and classified the disturbance as Tropical Depression 06B. Due to its favorable conditions, 06B intensified into a ''cyclonic storm'', which was given the name ''Hamoon'' by the IMD. On 24 October, Hamoon intensified into a category 2-equivalent cyclone, reaching its peak intensity with sustained winds of 120 km/h (75 mph) and gusts of 140 km/h (85 mph). The storm made landfall on

Cox's Bazar Cox's Bazar (; ; ) is a city, fishing port, tourism centre, and Cox's Bazar District, district headquarters in south-eastern Bangladesh. Cox's Bazar Beach, one of the most popular tourist attractions in Bangladesh, is the longest uninterrupte ...

on the Bangladesh coast, bringing strong winds and intense rainfall into that area. Hamoon dissipated over

on 25 October as it moved inland. As the system lashed the country, five people were killed in total as Hamoon crossed the

and

Chittagong Chittagong ( ), officially Chattogram, (, ) (, or ) is the second-largest city in Bangladesh. Home to the Port of Chittagong, it is the busiest port in Bangladesh and the Bay of Bengal. The city is also the business capital of Bangladesh. It ...

coasts. Hundreds were left homeless as their homes were severely damaged, while trees were uprooted, and electric poles are down. A yellow warning was issued for six districts in the state.

Severe Cyclonic Storm Midhili

A low-pressure area formed over the Bay of Bengal on 14 November. The system would later cross into favorable conditions for any intensification. In this case, the system gradually intensified and on 15 November, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) designated it as a low pressure. The next day, the low pressure intensified into a deep depression. JTWC later followed suit and designated the depression as ''Tropical Cyclone 07B''. On 17 November, the IMD named the system ''Midhili'', was named by Maldives, which refers to the "huge tree" in Maldivian. Midhili made landfall in central

on the same day as a minimal cyclonic storm. As it moved inland, Midhili rapidly weakened before its dissipation on 18 November. On 17 November 2023,

Port of Payra The Port of Payra is a seaport located at Kalapara in Patuakhali, Bangladesh. It was established by an Act of Parliament in 2013. The port was officially inaugurated in 2016. It is located on the Ramnabad Channel near the Bay of Bengal. The po ...

and

Port of Mongla The Port of Mongla is a link seaport, located at Mongla Upazila, Khulna Division, Bangladesh. It is a sea port of Khulna city, which is located to the north shore of the Bay of Bengal. It is the second largest and second busiest seaport of Bang ...

of Bangladesh were asked to show danger signal number 7 and

Port of Chittagong A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Hamburg, Manche ...

and

to show danger signal number 6. Department of Meteorology. The

Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority The Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority () also known as BIWTA is the authority which controls the inland water transport in Bangladesh. It's also responsible for managing development and maintenance of inland water transport system. His ...

(BIWTA) announced the suspension of all types of shipping due to Cyclone Midhili. In

Teknaf Upazila Teknaf ( ''Ṭeknaf'') is an upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong Division, Chittagong, Bangladesh. It forms the southernmost point in mainland Bangladesh (St. Martin's Island is the southernmost point overall). The name ...

Cox's Bazar district Cox's Bazar District () is a district in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh. It is named after Cox's Bazar town. It is located south of Chittagong. Cox's Bazar is also known by the names ''Panowa'' ("yellow flower") and ''Palongkee''. T ...

of Bangladesh, rain started on the morning of Thursday, 16 November 2023, due to the effect of a deep depression created in the Bay of Bengal. After 8 pm, the intensity of the rain increased. The mud wall of a family living at the foot of the hill in the Panirchhara area of Morichyaghona collapsed. Four members of the family were killed. An old man in the Magadhara union of

Sandwip upazila Sandwip () is an upazila of Chattogram District in Chattogram Division, Bangladesh. It encompasses the islands of Sandwip and Urir Char. History Sandwip Thana's status was upgraded to an upazila (sub-district level) in 1984. The construction ...

was killed when a tree fell over him, while a child was killed in a separate incident due to a falling tree branch. A businessperson died in Basail Upazila, also due to a fallen tree.

Severe Cyclonic Storm Michaung

In late November, a low-pressure area crossed into the Bay of Bengal from the Gulf of Thailand. On 1 December, the IMD said that a depression that had formed in the South Andaman Sea. It was expected to move towards the northwest and strengthen in the Bay of Bengal. On 2 December 2023, the system intensified into a deep depression when it was located about 440 km east-southeast of Puducherry. Shortly after that, it intensified into a cyclonic storm, and was assigned the name ''Michaung''. As the storm approached the coast, heavy rain and strong winds battered the affected areas. Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu, experienced the worst rains in over 100 years, causing widespread flooding and disrupting daily life. More than 9,000 people were evacuated from low-lying coastal areas as a precautionary measure. According to the IMD, it moved almost directly northwards along the coastline, and on 5 December, the storm made landfall between Nellore and Machilipatnam in Andhra Pradesh, bringing heavy rains, fierce winds and storm surges, inundating coastal villages. Cyclone Michaung weakened as it moved inland, gradually losing strength. The storm's impact was particularly severe in Nellore, Prakasam and Guntur districts, where severe damage to agriculture and infrastructure was reported.

Other system

Under the influence of another cyclonic circulation, a low-pressure area formed over the northeast Bay of Bengal on 9 June, coalescing into a well-marked low-pressure area later that day. Simultaneously, the JTWC would report that the system became ''Tropical Cyclone 03B'' after its

low-level circulation center The eye is a region of mostly calm weather at the center of a tropical cyclone. The eye of a storm is a roughly circular area, typically in diameter. It is surrounded by the eyewall, a ring of towering thunderstorms where the most severe weath ...

became fully exposed within its disorganized convection. The system would weaken, becoming a low-pressure area over

the next day, resulting in the IMD issuing their last advisory. The JTWC would issue its last bulletin on the system on 03:00 UTC on 10 June.

Storm names

Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached cyclonic storm intensity with winds of . The names were selected by a new list from the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in

New Delhi New Delhi (; ) is the Capital city, capital of India and a part of the Delhi, National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the Government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Parliament ...

by mid year of 2020. There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin from the Western Pacific, then it will retain its original name. The

names A name is a term used for identification by an external observer. They can identify a class or category of things, or a single thing, either uniquely, or within a given context. The entity identified by a name is called its referent. A person ...

which were used for the 2023 season are listed below.

Season effects

This is a table of all storms in the 2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, duration, peak intensities according to the IMD storm scale, damage, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low. All of the damage figures are in 2023

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Mocha Mocha may refer to: Places * Mokha, a city in Yemen * Mocha Island, an island in Biobío Region, Chile * Mocha, Chile, a town in Chile * Mocha, Ecuador, a city in Ecuador * Mocha Canton, a government subdivision in Ecuador * Mocha, a segmen ...

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Andaman and Nicobar Islands The Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a union territory of India comprising 572 islands, of which only 38 are inhabited. The islands are grouped into two main clusters: the northern Andaman Islands and the southern Nicobar Islands, separated by a ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

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Pakistan Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, having the Islam by country# ...

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Bihar Bihar ( ) is a states and union territories of India, state in Eastern India. It is the list of states and union territories of India by population, second largest state by population, the List of states and union territories of India by are ...

Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh (; ) is a landlocked States and union territories of India, state in Central India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, ninth largest state by area, and with a population of roughly 30 million, the List ...

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Goa Goa (; ; ) is a state on the southwestern coast of India within the Konkan region, geographically separated from the Deccan highlands by the Western Ghats. It is bound by the Indian states of Maharashtra to the north, and Karnataka to the ...

Karnataka Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...

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Socotra Socotra, locally known as Saqatri, is a Yemeni island in the Indian Ocean. Situated between the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, it lies near major shipping routes. Socotra is the largest of the six islands in the Socotra archipelago as ...

Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...

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Mizoram Mizoram is a states and union territories of India, state in northeastern India, with Aizawl as its Capital city, capital and largest city. It shares 722-kilometres (449 miles) of international borders with Bangladesh to the west, and Myanmar t ...

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Northeast India Northeast India, officially the North Eastern Region (NER), is the easternmost region of India representing both a geographic and political Administrative divisions of India, administrative division of the country. It comprises eight States and ...

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Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is the southernmost States and union territories of India, state of India. The List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of Indi ...

Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (ISO 15919, ISO: , , AP) is a States and union territories of India, state on the East Coast of India, east coast of southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, seventh-largest state and th ...

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Notes

References

External links

RSMC New DelhiIndian Meteorological Department
{{Tropical cyclone season, 2023 2023 meteorology 2023 NIO North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons