Events

January–February

January 1 January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__ Events ...

– The

International Telecommunication Union The International Telecommunication Union (ITU)In the other common languages of the ITU: * * is a list of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information ...

, a specialist agency of the

League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...

, is established. *

January 15 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Roman emperor, Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. *1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to set ...

– The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

and

Bihar Bihar ( ) is a states and union territories of India, state in Eastern India. It is the list of states and union territories of India by population, second largest state by population, the List of states and union territories of India by are ...

with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people. *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Hormizd IV, king of the Sasanian Empire, is overthrown and blinded by his brothers-in-law Vistahm and Vinduyih. * 1579 – The Diocese of Manila is erected by papal bull, with Domingo de Salazar appointe ...

– French political crisis: The French

far-right leagues The far-right leagues () were several French far-right movements opposed to parliamentarism, which mainly dedicated themselves to military parades, street brawls, demonstrations and riots. The term ''ligue'' was often used in the 1930s to disti ...

rally in front of the

Palais Bourbon The Palais Bourbon () is the meeting place of the National Assembly, the lower legislative chamber of the French Parliament. It is in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, on the Rive Gauche of the Seine across from the Place de la Concorde. The offi ...

, in an attempted

coup d'état A coup d'état (; ; ), or simply a coup , is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership. A self-coup is said to take place when a leader, having come to powe ...

against the Third Republic. *

February 9 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Zeno (emperor), Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire, Eastern Roman Empire *1003 – Boleslaus III, Duke of Bohemia, Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I ...

Gaston Doumergue Pierre Paul Henri Gaston Doumergue (; 1 August 1863 in Aigues-Vives, Gard18 June 1937 in Aigues-Vives) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1924 to 1931. Tasked with important ministerial portfolios, he was first appo ...

forms a new government in

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

. **

Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...

Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

and

Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...

form the

Balkan Pact The Balkan Pact, or Balkan Entente, was a treaty signed by Greece, Romania, Turkey and Yugoslavia on 9 February 1934

. *

February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Pope Urban II confirms the foundation of the abbey of La Roë under Robert of Arbrissel as a community of canons regular. * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sofia performed the first post- ...

– 15 –

Austrian Civil War The Austrian Civil War () of 12–15 February 1934, also known as the February Uprising () or the February Fights (), was a series of clashes in the First Austrian Republic between the forces of the authoritarian Fatherland Front (Austria), rig ...

: The Fatherland Front consolidates its power in a series of clashes across the country. *

February 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire. * 1270 – The Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battl ...

– The

Commission of Government The Commission of Government was a non-elected body that governed the Dominion of Newfoundland from 1934 to 1949. Established following the collapse of Newfoundland's economy during the Great Depression, it was dissolved when the dominion became ...

is sworn in, as a form of direct rule for the

Dominion of Newfoundland Newfoundland was a British dominion in eastern North America, today the modern Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It included the island of Newfoundland, and Labrador on the continental mainland. Newfoundland was one of the orig ...

. *

February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The ...

–

Augusto César Sandino Augusto César Sandino (; 18 May 1895 21 February 1934), full name Augusto Nicolás Calderón Sandino, was a Nicaraguan revolutionary, founder of the militant group EDSN, and leader of a rebellion between 1927 and 1933 against the United Sta ...

is assassinated in

Managua Managua () is the capital city, capital and largest city of Nicaragua, and one of the List of largest cities in Central America, largest cities in Central America. Located on the shores of Lake Managua, the city had an estimated population of 1, ...

, by the

National Guard National guard is the name used by a wide variety of current and historical uniformed organizations in different countries. The original National Guard was formed during the French Revolution around a cadre of defectors from the French Guards. ...

. *

February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone o ...

– King

Leopold III of Belgium Leopold III (3 November 1901 – 25 September 1983) was King of the Belgians from 23 February 1934 until his abdication on 16 July 1951. At the outbreak of World War II, Leopold tried to maintain Belgian neutrality, but after the Battle of Belgi ...

succeeds to the throne, following the death (February 17) of his father King Albert I.

March–April

March 1 Events Pre-1600 * 509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocleti ...

–

Manchukuo Manchukuo, officially known as the State of Manchuria prior to 1934 and the Empire of Great Manchuria thereafter, was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China that existed from 1932 until its dissolution in 1945. It was ostens ...

, the Japanese puppet state in

Manchuria Manchuria is a historical region in northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day northeast China and parts of the modern-day Russian Far East south of the Uda (Khabarovsk Krai), Uda River and the Tukuringra-Dzhagdy Ranges. The exact ...

established in 1932, proclaimed a monarchy under

Puyi Puyi (7 February 190617 October 1967) was the final emperor of China, reigning as the eleventh monarch of the Qing dynasty from 1908 to 1912. When the Guangxu Emperor died without an heir, Empress Dowager Cixi picked his nephew Puyi, aged tw ...

. *

March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of th ...

– Prime Minister

Konstantin Päts Konstantin Päts ( – 18 January 1956) was an Estonian statesman and the country's president from 1938 to 1940. Päts was one of the most influential politicians of the independent democratic Republic of Estonia, and during the two decades p ...

stages a

self-coup A self-coup, also called an autocoup () or coup from the top, is a form of coup d'état in which a political leader, having come to power through legal means, stays in power illegally through the actions of themselves or their supporters. The le ...

by declaring a state of emergency in

Estonia Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Ru ...

, with the approval of the

parliament In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

, beginning the country's Era of Silence. *

March 13 Events Pre-1600 * 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander. * 624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Mu ...

–

John Dillinger John Herbert Dillinger (; June 22, 1903 – July 22, 1934) was an American gangster during the Great Depression. He commanded the Dillinger Gang, which was accused of robbing twenty-four banks and four police stations. Dillinger was imprison ...

and his gang rob the First National Bank in

Mason City, Iowa Mason City is a city and the county seat of Cerro Gordo County, Iowa, Cerro Gordo County, Iowa, United States. The population was 27,338 in the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Mason City is known for its musical heritage, a significant ...

, United States, stealing $52,000. *

March 20 Events Pre-1600 *1206 – Michael IV of Constantinople, Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. *1600 – The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish n ...

– The Great Hakodate Fire kills at least 2,166 people in southern

Hokkaido is the list of islands of Japan by area, second-largest island of Japan and comprises the largest and northernmost prefectures of Japan, prefecture, making up its own list of regions of Japan, region. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaidō fr ...

, Japan. *

March 24 Events Pre-1600 *1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6. * 1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian- Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margat ...

– The

Tydings–McDuffie Act The Philippine Independence Act, or Tydings–McDuffie Act (), is an Act of Congress that established the process for the Philippines, then a US territory, to become an independent country after a ten-year transition period. Under the act, th ...

is passed, allowing the

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

a greater degree of

self-government Self-governance, self-government, self-sovereignty or self-rule is the ability of a person or group to exercise all necessary functions of regulation without intervention from an external authority. It may refer to personal conduct or to any ...

from the United States. *

April 21 Events Pre-1600 * 753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is mur ...

– The "surgeon's photograph" of the

Loch Ness Monster The Loch Ness Monster (), known affectionately as Nessie, is a mythical creature in Scottish folklore that is said to inhabit Loch Ness in the Scottish Highlands. It is often described as large, long-necked, and with one or more humps protrud ...

, taken in Scotland by London gynaecologist Robert Kenneth Wilson and in 1994 admitted to be a

hoax A hoax (plural: hoaxes) is a widely publicised falsehood created to deceive its audience with false and often astonishing information, with the either malicious or humorous intent of causing shock and interest in as many people as possible. S ...

, is published in the ''

Daily Mail The ''Daily Mail'' is a British daily Middle-market newspaper, middle-market Tabloid journalism, tabloid conservative newspaper founded in 1896 and published in London. , it has the List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation, h ...

'' London national newspaper.

May–June

May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. * 1169 & ...

– The

May Constitution of 1934 The First Austrian Republic (), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of ...

heralds the beginning of the

Austrofascist The Fatherland Front (, VF) was the right-wing conservative, authoritarian, nationalist, corporatist, fascist and Catholic ruling political organisation of the Federal State of Austria. It claimed to be a nonpartisan movement, and aimed to unit ...

Federal State of Austria The Federal State of Austria (; colloquially known as the "") was a continuation of the First Austrian Republic between 1934 and 1938 when it was a one-party state led by the conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and politi ...

. *

May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurpe ...

–

Kārlis Ulmanis Kārlis Augusts Vilhelms Ulmanis (; 4 September 1877 – 20 September 1942) was a Latvian politician and a dictator. He was one of the most prominent Latvian politicians of pre-World War II Latvia during the Interwar period of independence from N ...

establishes an authoritarian government in

Latvia Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south. It borders Russia to the east and Belarus to t ...

. *

May 19 Events Pre-1600 * 639 – Ashina Jiesheshuai and his tribesmen assaulted Emperor Taizong of Tang, Emperor Taizong at Jiucheng Palace. * 715 – Pope Gregory II is elected. * 934 – The Byzantine Empire reconquers Melitene under ...

–

Kimon Georgiev Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov (; August 11, 1882 – September 28, 1969) was a Bulgarian general who was the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1934 to 1935 and again from 1944 to 1946. He was considered a "master in the art of coup d'etats. ...

stages a

in Bulgaria. *

May 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – Joan of Arc is captured at the Siege of Compiègne by troops from the Burgundian faction. * 1498 – Girolamo Savonarola is burned at the stake in Florence, Italy. *1533 – The marriage of King Henry ...

– American outlaws

Bonnie and Clyde Bonnie Elizabeth Parker (October 1, 1910May 23, 1934) and Clyde Chestnut "Champion" Barrow (March 24, 1909May 23, 1934) were American outlaws who traveled the Central United States with their gang during the Great Depression, committing a ser ...

are ambushed and killed by police in

Bienville Parish, Louisiana Bienville Parish (, ) is a parish located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, the population was 12,981. The parish seat and most populous municipality is Arcadia. The highest natural point in Loui ...

. *

May 28 Events Pre-1600 * 585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...

– Near Callander, Ontario, Canada, the

Dionne quintuplets The Dionne quintuplets (; born May 28, 1934) are the first quintuplets known to have survived their infancy. The identical girls were born just outside Callander, Ontario, near the village of Corbeil. All five survived to adulthood. The Dion ...

are born to Oliva and Elzire Dionne, becoming the first

quintuplet A multiple birth is the culmination of a multiple pregnancy, wherein the mother gives birth to two or more babies. A term most applicable to vertebrate species, multiple births occur in most kinds of mammals, with varying frequencies. Such births ...

s to survive infancy. *

May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by th ...

– The

Barmen Declaration __NOTOC__ The Barmen Declaration or the Theological Declaration of Barmen 1934 (German: ''Die Barmer Theologische Erklärung'') was a document adopted by Christians in Nazi Germany who opposed the German Christian movement. In the view of the de ...

, largely drafted by

Karl Barth Karl Barth (; ; – ) was a Swiss Reformed theologian. Barth is best known for his commentary '' The Epistle to the Romans'', his involvement in the Confessing Church, including his authorship (except for a single phrase) of the Barmen Decl ...

, is signed by Christians in Nazi Germany who are opposed to the pro-Nazi German Christian movement. *

June 9 Events Pre-1600 * 411 BC – The Athenian coup succeeds, forming a short-lived oligarchy. * 53 – The Roman emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia. * 68 – Nero dies by suicide after quoting Vergil's ''Aeneid'', thus ending the J ...

–

Donald Duck Donald Fauntleroy Duck is a cartoon character created by the Walt Disney Company. Donald is an Anthropomorphism, anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow-orange bill, legs, and feet. He typically wears a sailor suit, sailor shirt and cap with ...

makes his film debut in

Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney ( ; December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American animator, film producer, voice actor, and entrepreneur. A pioneer of the Golden age of American animation, American animation industry, he introduced several develop ...

's ''

Silly Symphony ''Silly Symphony'' (also known as ''Silly Symphonies'') is an American animation, animated series of 75 musical short films produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios, Walt Disney Productions from 1929 to 1939. As the series name implies, the ''Si ...

'' cartoon ''

The Wise Little Hen ''The Wise Little Hen'' is a 1934 Walt Disney produced ''Silly Symphonies'' animated short film, based on the fable ''The Little Red Hen.'' The film features the debut of Donald Duck, dancing to "The Sailor's Hornpipe". Donald and his friend Pet ...

''. *

June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock ( clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. * 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederic ...

–

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

beats

Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland beca ...

2–1 after extra time, to win the 1934 World Cup, staged in Italy. *

June 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1158 – The city of Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar. * 1216 – First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France takes the city of Winchester, abandoned by John, King of England, and soo ...

–

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his suicide in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the lea ...

and

Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who, upon assuming office as Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister, became the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 un ...

meet for the first time, at the

Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale ( ; ) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy. There are two main components of the festival, known as the Art Biennale () and the Venice Biennale of Architecture, Architecture Biennale (), ...

. *

June 18 Events Pre-1600 * 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China. * 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. * 860 – Siege of Constantinople (860), Byzantine� ...

– The

Indian Reorganization Act The Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) of June 18, 1934, or the Wheeler–Howard Act, was U.S. federal legislation that dealt with the status of American Indians in the United States. It was the centerpiece of what has been often called the "Indian ...

is enacted. *

June 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded. * 1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England. * 1499 – Amerigo Vespucci sights what is now Amapá State in B ...

– Imam Yahya of

Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...

and

Ibn Saud Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (; 15 January 1875Ibn Saud's birth year has been a source of debate. It is generally accepted as 1876, although a few sources give it as 1880. According to British author Robert Lacey's book ''The Kingdom'', ...

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia. Located in the centre of the Middle East, it covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula and has a land area of about , making it the List of Asian countries ...

conclude a

peace treaty A peace treaty is an treaty, agreement between two or more hostile parties, usually country, countries or governments, which formally ends a declaration of war, state of war between the parties. It is different from an armistice, which is an ag ...

. *

June 30 Events Pre-1600 * 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy. * 763 – The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus. * 1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Mil ...

–

July 2 This date marks the halfway point of the year. In common years, the midpoint of the year occurs at noon on this date, while in leap years, it occurs at midnight (start of the day). Events Pre-1600 * 437 – Emperor Valentinian III begin ...

–

Night of the Long Knives The Night of the Long Knives (, ), also called the Röhm purge or Operation Hummingbird (), was a purge that took place in Nazi Germany from 30 June to 2 July 1934. Chancellor Adolf Hitler, urged on by Hermann Göring and Heinrich Himmler, ord ...

in Germany:

Nazis Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During H ...

purge the ''

Sturmabteilung The (; SA; or 'Storm Troopers') was the original paramilitary organisation under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party of Germany. It played a significant role in Adolf Hitler's rise to power, Hitler's rise to power in the 1920s and early 1930s. I ...

'' (SA), the left-wing Strasserist faction of the

Nazi Party The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ( or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor ...

, and prominent conservative anti-Nazis, in a series of political murders. *

– The

SA camp

Oranienburg Oranienburg () is a town in Brandenburg, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Oberhavel. Geography Oranienburg is on the banks of the River Havel, 35 km north of the centre of Berlin. Division of the town Oranienburg consists of ni ...

becomes a national camp, taken over by the ''

Schutzstaffel The ''Schutzstaffel'' (; ; SS; also stylised with SS runes as ''ᛋᛋ'') was a major paramilitary organisation under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany, and later throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II. It beg ...

'' (SS).

July–August

July 1 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. * 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and ...

– The

Hays Code The Motion Picture Production Code was a set of industry guidelines for the self-censorship of content that was applied to most motion pictures released by major studios in the United States from 1934 to 1968. It is also popularly known as th ...

begins to be strictly enforced in the

Hollywood film industry The cinema of the United States, primarily associated with major film studios collectively referred to as Hollywood, Los Angeles, Hollywood, has significantly influenced the global film industry since the early 20th century. Classical Holly ...

, lasting until 1968. *

July 13 Events Pre-1600 *1174 – William the Lion, William I of Scotland, a key Rebellion, rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England. *1249 – Coronation of Alexander III of Scotland, Ale ...

– Hitler gives a speech to the Reichstag, justifying his purge. *

July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridg ...

–

July Putsch The July Putsch () was a failed coup d'état in Austria against the Fatherland Front government of Engelbert Dollfuss by Austrian Nazis from 25 to 30 July 1934. The Austrian Legion and Austrian '' Schutzstaffel'' soldiers with support from ...

: Austrian

assassinate chancellor

Engelbert Dollfuss Engelbert Dollfuss (alternatively Dollfuß; 4 October 1892 – 25 July 1934) was an Austrian politician and dictator who served as chancellor of Federal State of Austria, Austria between 1932 and 1934. Having served as Minister for Forests and ...

, during a failed coup attempt. *

August 2 Events Pre-1600 *338 BC – A Ancient Macedonian army, Macedonian army led by Philip II of Macedon, Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes, Greece, Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC), Battle of Chaeronea, secu ...

–

becomes ''

Führer ( , spelled ''Fuehrer'' when the umlaut is unavailable) is a German word meaning "leader" or " guide". As a political title, it is strongly associated with Adolf Hitler, the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. Hitler officially cal ...

'' of Germany, or head of state combined with that of Chancellor, following the death of President

Paul von Hindenburg Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934) was a German military and political leader who led the Imperial German Army during the First World War and later became President of Germany (1919� ...

. *

August 8 Events Pre-1600 * 685 BC – Spring and Autumn period: Battle of Qianshi: Upon the death of the previous Duke of Qi, Gongsun Wuzhi, Duke Zhuang of Lu sends an army into the Duchy of Qi to install the exiled Qi prince Gongzi Jiu as t ...

– The

Wehrmacht The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the German Army (1935–1945), ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmac ...

swears a personal oath of loyalty to

. *

August 15 Events Pre-1600 * 636 – Arab–Byzantine wars: The Battle of Yarmouk between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate begins. * 717 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik begins the Second Arab Siege of Consta ...

– The

United States Marine Corps The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines or simply the Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is responsible for conducting expeditionar ...

leaves

Haiti Haiti, officially the Republic of Haiti, is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of the Bahamas. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island, which it shares with the Dominican ...

. *

August 19 Events Pre-1600 * 295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later kno ...

– 1934 German referendum: In a referendum, 90% of the German population approves of Hitler's assumption of presidential powers, as

and

Reichskanzler The chancellor of Germany, officially the federal chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, is the head of the federal government of Germany. The chancellor is the chief executive of the Federal Cabinet and heads the executive branch. T ...

September–October

* September 5– 10 – The 6th

Nuremberg Rally The Nuremberg rallies ( , meaning ) were a series of celebratory events coordinated by the Nazi Party and held in the German city of Nuremberg from 1923 to 1938. The first nationwide party convention took place in Munich in January 1923, but the ...

is staged by the German

. *

September 8 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – After the capture of Herod's Palace the previous day, a Roman army under Titus secures and plunders the city of Jerusalem. * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path ...

– Off the

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner kills 134 people. *

September 15 Events Pre-1600 * 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes. * 1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against hi ...

–

1934 Australian federal election The 1934 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 15 September 1934. All 74 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent United Australia Party led by Prime Minister ...

Joseph Lyons Joseph Aloysius Lyons (15 September 1879 – 7 April 1939) was an Australian politician who served as the tenth prime minister of Australia, from 1932 until his death in 1939. He held office as the inaugural leader of the United Australia Par ...

' UAP

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a State (polity), state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive (government), execu ...

is re-elected with a decreased majority, defeating the Labor Party, led by former

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

James Scullin James Henry Scullin (18 September 1876 – 28 January 1953) was an Australian politician and trade unionist who served as the ninth prime minister of Australia from 1929 to 1932. He held office as the leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), ...

. Consequently, Lyons is forced to resume the

Coalition A coalition is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political, military, or economic spaces. Formation According to ''A G ...

with the Country Party, and include them in his government. Scullin steps down from the Labor leadership shortly after; he is replaced by future Prime Minister

John Curtin John Curtin (8 January 1885 – 5 July 1945) was an Australian politician who served as the 14th prime minister of Australia from 1941 until his death in 1945. He held office as the leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), having been most ...

. *

September 19 Events Pre-1600 * 96 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed. * 634 – Siege of Damascus: The ...

** The

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

joins the

. ** Bruno Richard Hauptmann is arrested in connection with the

Lindbergh kidnapping On March 1, 1932, Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr. (born June 22, 1930), the 20-month-old son of Col. Charles Lindbergh and his wife, aviator and author Anne Morrow Lindbergh, was murdered after being abducted from his crib in the upper floor of t ...

case in the U.S. *

September 21 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Italy with a Gallic army and consolidates his power. * 1170 – Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland: The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Anglo-Norman invaders. * 1217 – Livonian Crusa ...

– The Muroto typhoon in

Honshū , historically known as , is the largest of the four main islands of Japan. It lies between the Pacific Ocean (east) and the Sea of Japan (west). It is the seventh-largest island in the world, and the second-most populous after the Indonesian ...

, Japan kills 3,036 people, and destroys the temple, schools, and other buildings in

Osaka is a Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan, designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the List of cities in Japan, third-most populous city in J ...

. * September 22 – A

gas explosion A gas explosion is the Combustion, ignition of a mixture of air and flammable gas, typically from a gas leak. In household accidents, the principal explosive gases are those used for heating or cooking purposes such as natural gas, methane, propan ...

at Gresford Colliery in

Wrexham Wrexham ( ; ) is a city status in the United Kingdom, city in the North East Wales, north-east of Wales. It lies between the Cambrian Mountains, Welsh mountains and the lower River Dee, Wales, Dee Valley, near the England–Wales border, borde ...

, north-east Wales, kills 266 miners and rescuers. *

September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...

–

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the Durand Line, east and south, Iran to the Afghanistan–Iran borde ...

joins the

. *

October 2 Events Pre-1600 * 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor. * 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia an ...

– A

typhoon A typhoon is a tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere and which produces sustained hurricane-force winds of at least . This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, accounting for a ...

and

Kyoto Kyoto ( or ; Japanese language, Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan's largest and most populous island of Honshu. , the city had a population of 1.46 million, making it t ...

, Japan, kills 1,660, injures 5,400, and destroys the rice harvest. *

October 6 Events Pre-1600 * 105 BC – Cimbrian War: Defeat at the Battle of Arausio of the Roman army of the mid-Republic * 69 BC – Third Mithridatic War: The military of the Roman Republic subdue Armenia. * AD 23 – Rebels decapitat ...

–

Events of October the 6th The events of 6 October () were a general strike, armed insurgency and declaration of a Catalan State (1934), Catalan State in Catalonia during the Revolution of 1934 on 6 October 1934. The predominantly left-wing Generalitat de Catalunya, Ge ...

: the President of

Catalonia Catalonia is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationalities and regions of Spain, nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006, Statute of Autonomy. Most of its territory (except the Val d'Aran) is situate ...

Lluís Companys Lluís Companys i Jover (; 21 June 1882 – 15 October 1940) was a Catalan politician who served as president of Catalonia, Spain from 1934 and during the Spanish Civil War. Companys was a lawyer close to the labour movement and one of the mo ...

, declares the Catalan State of the Spanish Federal Republic, but Spanish troops swiftly crush the Catalan forces, and arrest him and the members of the Catalan government. The autonomy of Catalonia is suspended until

1936 Events January–February * January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House. * January 28 – Death and state funer ...

. *

October 9 Events Pre-1600 * 768 – Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned kings of the Franks. * 1238 – James I of Aragon founds the Kingdom of Valencia. * 1410 – The first known mention of the Prague astronomical clock. * 1446 &ndash ...

– King Alexander of Yugoslavia and French foreign minister

Louis Barthou Jean Louis Barthou (; 25 August 1862 – 9 October 1934) was a French politician of the French Third Republic, Third Republic who served as Prime Minister of France for eight months in 1913. In social policy, his time as prime minister saw the ...

are assassinated, during the king's state visit in

Marseille Marseille (; ; see #Name, below) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region. Situated in the ...

. *

October 16 Events Pre-1600 * 456 – Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire. * 690 – Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire. * ...

– The

Long March The Long March ( zh, s=长征, p=Chángzhēng, l=Long Expedition) was a military retreat by the Chinese Red Army and Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from advancing Kuomintang forces during the Chinese Civil War, occurring between October 1934 and ...

of the

People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the military of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). It consists of four Military branch, services—People's Liberation Army Ground Force, Ground Force, People's ...

of the

Chinese Communist Party The Communist Party of China (CPC), also translated into English as Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Founded in 1921, the CCP emerged victorious in the ...

begins. *

October 20 Events Pre-1600 *1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent. * 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the r ...

–

November 3 Events Pre-1600 * 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor. * 1090 – The Rouen Riot, an attempt by English king ...

–

Charles Kingsford Smith Sir Charles Edward Kingsford Smith (9 February 18978 November 1935), nicknamed Smithy, was an Australian aviation pioneer. He piloted the first transpacific flight and the first flight between Australia and New Zealand. Kingsford Smith was ...

makes the first eastward crossing of the Pacific Ocean, from his native

Brisbane Brisbane ( ; ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and largest city of the States and territories of Australia, state of Queensland and the list of cities in Australia by population, third-most populous city in Australia, with a ...

, Australia, to

San Francisco San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...

, in the

Lockheed Altair The Lockheed Altair was a single-engined sport aircraft produced by Lockheed Aircraft Limited in the 1930s. It was a development of the Lockheed Sirius with a retractable undercarriage, and was the first Lockheed aircraft and one of the first a ...

'' Lady Southern Cross''. The November 3 Hawaii–San Francisco leg is the first eastward flight from Hawaii to North America. *

–

November 5 Events Pre-1600 *1138 – Lý Anh Tông is enthroned as emperor of Vietnam at the age of two, beginning a 37-year reign. * 1499 – The '' Catholicon'', written in 1464 by Jehan Lagadeuc in Tréguier, is published; this is the first B ...

– The

MacRobertson Air Race The MacRobertson Trophy Air Race (also known as the London to Melbourne Air Race) took place in October 1934 in aviation, 1934 as part of the 1934 Centenary of Melbourne, Melbourne Centenary celebrations. The race was devised by the Lord Mayor o ...

is flown from

RAF Mildenhall Royal Air Force Mildenhall, or more simply RAF Mildenhall , is a Royal Air Force List of Royal Air Force stations, station located near Mildenhall, Suffolk, Mildenhall in Suffolk, England. Despite its status as a List of Royal Air Force stations, ...

in England to

Melbourne Melbourne ( , ; Boonwurrung language, Boonwurrung/ or ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city of the States and territories of Australia, Australian state of Victori ...

, Australia, to celebrate the centenary of the state of Victoria. The overall winner is the British

de Havilland DH.88 Comet The de Havilland DH.88 Comet is a British two-seat, twin-engined aircraft built by the De Havilland, de Havilland Aircraft Company. It was developed specifically to participate in the 1934 England-Australia MacRobertson Air Race from the Unit ...

G-ACSS ''Grosvenor House'', flown by

C. W. A. Scott Flight Lieutenant Charles William Anderson Scott, Air Force Cross (United Kingdom), AFC (13 February 1903 – 15 April 1946Dunnell ''Aeroplane'', November 2019, p. 46.) was an English aviator. He won the MacRobertson Air Race, a race from Londo ...

and

Tom Campbell Black Tom Campbell Black (December 1899 – 19 September 1936) was an English aviator. He was the son of Alice Jean McCullough and Hugh Milner Black. He became a world-famous aviator when he and C. W. A. Scott won the London to Melbourne Centenary ...

November–December

November 6 Events Pre-1600 * 447 – A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers. * 963 – Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII ...

– Attempted exclusion of Egon Kisch from Australia begins. *

November 23 Events Pre-1600 *534 BC – Thespis of Icaria becomes the first recorded actor to portray a character on stage. *1248 – Siege of Seville, Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile. *1499 – Seve ...

– An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the

Ogaden Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled ''Ogadēn''; , ) is one of the historical names used for the modern Somali Region. It is also natively referred to as Soomaali Galbeed (). The region forms the eastern portion of Ethiopia and borders Somalia ...

discovers an Italian garrison at

Walwal Walwal (; ; ; also transliterated as Welwel or Walwaal) is a town in eastern Ethiopia known as the Ogaden. Located in the Werder Zone of the Somali Region, this town has a longitude and latitude of with an elevation of 570 meters above sea level. ...

, which lies well within

Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...

n territory. This encounter leads to the

Abyssinia Crisis The Abyssinia Crisis, also known in Italy as the Walwal incident, was an international crisis in 1935 that originated in a dispute over the town of Walwal, which then turned into a conflict between Fascist Italy and the Ethiopian Empire (then co ...

. *

November 27 Events Pre-1600 * AD 25 – Luoyang is declared capital of the Eastern Han dynasty by Emperor Guangwu of Han. * 176 – Emperor Marcus Aurelius grants his son Commodus the rank of " Imperator" and makes him Supreme Commander of th ...

–

Daniel Salamanca Urey Daniel Domingo Salamanca Urey (8 July 1869 – 17 July 1935) was a Bolivian lawyer and politician who served as the 33rd president of Bolivia from 1931 to 1934. He was overthrown in a ''coup d'état'' on 27 November 1934, during the country' ...

President of Bolivia The president of Bolivia (), officially known as the president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia (), is head of state and head of government of Bolivia and the captain general of the Armed Forces of Bolivia. According to the Bolivian C ...

, is deposed in a military coup, and replaced by

José Luis Tejada Sorzano José Luis Tejada Sorzano (12 January 1882 – 4 October 1938) was a Bolivian economist, lawyer, and politician who served as the 34th president of Bolivia from 1934 to 1936. A member of the Liberal Party, he served as the 23rd vice president ...

. *

December 5 Events Pre-1600 *63 BC – Cicero gives the fourth and final of the Catiline Orations. * 633 – Fourth Council of Toledo opens, presided over by Isidore of Seville. *1033 – The 1033 Jordan Rift Valley earthquake, Jordan Rift Val ...

–

: Ethiopian and Italian troops exchange gunfire. Reported casualties for the Ethiopians are 150, and for the Italians 50. *

December 27 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – The second Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is consecrated. *1512 – The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the conduct of settlers with regard to Indigenous peoples of the Americas, native Ind ...

– Persia becomes

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

. *

December 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. * ...

– Japan renounces the

Washington Naval Treaty The Washington Naval Treaty, also known as the Five-Power Treaty, was signed during 1922 among the major Allies of World War I, Allies of World War I, which agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting Navy, naval construction. It was negotiated at ...

of 1922 and the

London Naval Treaty The London Naval Treaty, officially the Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armament, was an agreement between the United Kingdom, Empire of Japan, Japan, French Third Republic, France, Kingdom of Italy, Italy, and the United Stat ...

of 1930.

Date unknown

* Winter –

Tadj ol-Molouk Tâdj ol-Molouk (; 17 March 1896 – 10 March 1982) was List of royal consorts of Iran, Queen of Iran as the second wife of Reza Shah, founder of the Pahlavi dynasty and Shah of Iran between 1925 and 1941. The title she was given after becoming ...

, Empress consort of

, and her daughters appear publicly in

Tehran Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9. ...

without a

veil A veil is an article of clothing or hanging cloth that is intended to cover some part of the human head, head or face, or an object of some significance. Veiling has a long history in European, Asian, and African societies. The practice has be ...

, leading to its abolition in the country. *

Abidjan Abidjan ( , ; N'Ko script, N'ko: ߊߓߌߖߊ߲߬) is the largest city and the former capital of Ivory Coast. As of the Demographics of Ivory Coast, 2021 census, Abidjan's population was 6.3 million, which is 21.5 percent of the overall population ...

becomes the capital of the French colony of

Ivory Coast Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire and officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital city of Yamoussoukro is located in the centre of the country, while its largest List of ci ...

. * The

sonoluminescence Sonoluminescence is the emission of light from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound. Sonoluminescence was first discovered in 1934 at the University of Cologne. It occurs when a sound wave of sufficient intensity induces a gaseo ...

effect is discovered, at the

University of Cologne The University of Cologne () is a university in Cologne, Germany. It was established in 1388. It closed in 1798 before being re-established in 1919. It is now one of the largest universities in Germany with around 45,187 students. The Universit ...

. * The

Australian frontier wars The Australian frontier wars were the violent conflicts between Indigenous Australians (including both Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders) and mostly British settlers during the colonial period of Australia. The first conflic ...

end, after 146 years. * The

Yomiuri Giants The are a Japanese professional baseball team competing in Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League. Based in Bunkyo, Tokyo, they are one of two professional baseball teams based in Tokyo, the other being the Tokyo Yakult Swallows. They h ...

, a successful professional baseball club in Japan, is founded in

Tokyo Tokyo, officially the Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan, capital and List of cities in Japan, most populous city in Japan. With a population of over 14 million in the city proper in 2023, it is List of largest cities, one of the most ...

Births

January

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Emp ...

– Wael Zwaiter,

Palestinian Palestinians () are an Arab ethnonational group native to the Levantine region of Palestine. *: "Palestine was part of the first wave of conquest following Muhammad's death in 632 CE; Jerusalem fell to the Caliph Umar in 638. The indigenous p ...

writer (d.

1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...

) *

January 4 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading (871), Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred the Great, Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasi ...

Rudolf Schuster Rudolf Schuster (born 4 January 1934) is a Slovak politician, who served as the second president of Slovakia from 1999 to 2004. He was elected on 29 May 1999 and inaugurated on 15 June. In the presidential elections of April 2004, in which he so ...

, 2nd President of Slovakia ** Zurab Tsereteli, Georgian-Russian painter, sculptor, architect (d. 2025) * January 5 – Eddy Pieters Graafland, Dutch football goalkeeper (d. 2020) * January 7 ** Charles Jenkins Sr., Charles Jenkins, American sprinter ** Tassos Papadopoulos, Cypriot politician, 5th President of Cyprus (d. 2008) * January 10 – Leonid Kravchuk, President of Ukraine (d. 2022) * January 11 – Jean Chrétien, 20th Prime Minister of Canada * January 14 ** Richard Briers, English actor (d. 2013) ** Pierre Darmon, French tennis player * January 16 – Marilyn Horne, American mezzo-soprano * January 17 – Cedar Walton, American jazz pianist (d. 2013) * January 18 – Raymond Briggs, British writer and illustrator (d. 2022) * January 20 – Tom Baker, British actor * January 21 – Ann Wedgeworth, American actress (d. 2017) * January 24 – Stanisław Grochowiak, Polish poet and dramatist (d. 1976) * January 27 – Édith Cresson, Prime Minister of France * January 30 – Tammy Grimes, American actress (d. 2016) * January 31 – Eva Mozes Kor, Romanian Holocaust survivor and author (d. 2019)

February

* February 5 – Hank Aaron, American baseball player (d. 2021) * February 7 – Eddie Fenech Adami, 10th Prime Minister of Malta and 7th President of Malta * February 10 – Fleur Adcock, New Zealand poet (d. 2024) * February 11 ** Manuel Noriega, Panamanian military dictator (d. 2017) ** John Surtees, British racing driver (d. 2017) *

– Anne Osborn Krueger, Anne Krueger, American economist * February 13 – George Segal, American actor (d. 2021) * February 14 – Florence Henderson, American actress, singer and television personality (d. 2016) * February 15 – Niklaus Wirth, Swiss computer scientist (d. 2024) * February 17 ** Sir Alan Bates, British actor (d. 2003) ** Barry Humphries, Australian actor, comedian (d. 2023) * February 18 ** Anna Maria Ferrero, Italian actress (d. 2018) ** Paco Rabanne, Spanish fashion designer (d. 2023) *

– Rue McClanahan, American actress (d. 2010) * February 24 ** Bettino Craxi, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 2000) ** Renata Scotto, Italian soprano (d. 2023) ** Bingu wa Mutharika, Malawian President, economist (d. 2012) * February 27 – Ralph Nader, American consumer activist and presidential candidate

March

– Joan Hackett, American actress (d. 1983) * March 4 – Anne Haney, American actress (d. 2001) * March 5 – Daniel Kahneman, Israeli economist and Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel laureate (d. 2024) * March 6 – Milton Diamond, American sexologist and professor of anatomy and reproductive biology (d. 2024) * March 9 ** Yuri Gagarin, Russian cosmonaut, first human in space (d. 1968) ** Joyce Van Patten, American actress * March 14 ** Eugene Cernan, American astronaut (d. 2017) ** Dionigi Tettamanzi, Italian cardinal (d. 2017) * March 16 – Ray Hnatyshyn, Canadian statesman, 24th Governor General of Canada (d. 2002) * March 18 – Charley Pride, American country musician (d. 2020) *

– David Malouf, Australian writer * March 23 – Ludvig Faddeev, Russian physicist and mathematician (d. 2017) * March 25 ** Johnny Burnette, American rockabilly singer, songwriter and musician (d. 1964) ** Gloria Steinem, American feminist * March 26 – Alan Arkin, American actor (d. 2023) * March 30 – Hans Hollein, Austrian architect and designer (d. 2014) * March 31 ** Richard Chamberlain, American actor (d. 2025) ** Shirley Jones, American singer and actress ** John D. Loudermilk, American singer-songwriter (d. 2016) ** Carlo Rubbia, Italian Nobel physicist ** Kamala Surayya, Indian poet and author (d. 2009)

April

* April 1 ** Vladimir Pozner Jr., Vladimir Posner, Russian journalist ** Pascal Rakotomavo, 10th prime minister of Madagascar (d. 2010) * April 2 – Paul Cohen, American mathematician (d. 2007) * April 3 ** Pina Pellicer, Mexican actress (d. 1964) ** Jane Goodall, British zoologist * April 5 – Roman Herzog, 9th President of Germany (d. 2017) * April 6 – Anton Geesink, Dutch 10th-dan judoka (d. 2010) * April 11 – Mark Strand, Canadian-born American poet (d. 2014) * April 18 – James Drury, American actor (d. 2020) * April 20 – John Malecela, 6th prime minister of Tanzania * April 24 ** Jayakanthan, Tamil writer (d. 2015) ** Shirley MacLaine, American actress, dancer, writer * April 29 – Pedro Pires, Pedro Verona Rodrigues Pires, President of Cape Verde

May

* May 3 ** Henry Cooper, British boxer (d. 2011) ** Frankie Valli, American musician (''The Four Seasons (band), The Four Seasons'') * May 4 – Tatiana Samoilova, Russian actress (d. 2014) * May 9 ** Alan Bennett, British playwright, screenwriter, actor, and author ** Lee Hong-koo, South Korean politician, 26th Prime Minister of South Korea * May 21 – Bengt I. Samuelsson, Swedish biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2024) *

– Robert Moog, American inventor of the synthesizer (d. 2005) * May 24 - Barry Rose, English choir trainer and Cathedral organist * May 27 – Harlan Ellison, American writer (d. 2018) * May 30 – Alexei Leonov, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2019) *

– Bhagwatikumar Sharma, Indian author and journalist (d. 2018)

June

* June 1 – Pat Boone, American actor and singer * June 4 – Dame Daphne Sheldrick, Kenyan conservationist and author (d. 2018) * June 5 – Chennupati Vidya, Indian politician and social worker (d. 2018) * June 6 – King Albert II of Belgium * June 7 **Philippe Entremont, French concert pianist. **Koloa Talake, 7th prime minister of Tuvalu (d. 2008) *

– Jackie Wilson, American singer (d. 1984) * June 11 – Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark, French-born consort of the Danish monarch (d. 2018) * June 15 – Rubén Aguirre, Mexican actor and comedian (d. 2016) * June 16 ** Dame Eileen Atkins, British actress ** William F. Sharpe, American economist and Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel laureate ** Bill Cobbs, American actor (d. 2024) * June 19 – Désiré Rakotoarijaona, 4th prime minister of Madagascar * June 23 – Virbhadra Singh, Indian politician (d. 2021) * June 28 – Michael Artin, American mathematician * June 29 – Susan George (political scientist), Susan George, American and French political, social scientist, activist and writer *

– C. N. R. Rao, Indian chemist

July

** Ilselil Larsen, Danish actress (d. 2025) ** Sydney Pollack, American film director (d. 2008) * July 3 – Stefan Abadzhiev, Bulgarian footballer (d. 2024) * July 5 – Adriana Roel, Mexican actress (d. 2022) * July 7 ** Raphael Owor, Ugandan physician, pathologist, academic and medical researcher ** Kedarnath Singh, Indian poet (d. 2018) * July 8 ** Fred Stewart (Alberta politician), Fred Stewart, Canadian politician (d. 2022) ** Ole Lund, Norwegian barrister and industrial leader ** Marty Feldman, English comedy writer, comedian and actor (d. 1982) * July 9 – Michael Graves, American architect (d. 2015) * July 10 – Jerry Nelson, American puppeteer (d. 2012) * July 11 ** Giorgio Armani, Italian fashion designer ** Clark R. Rasmussen, American politician (d. 2024) * July 12 ** Van Cliburn, American pianist (d. 2013) ** Ulf Schmidt, Swedish tennis player *

** Wole Soyinka, Nigerian writer and Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel laureate ** Aleksei Yeliseyev, Russian cosmonaut * July 14 – Ángel del Pozo, Spanish actor (d. 2025) * July 15 – Harrison Birtwistle, British composer (d. 2022) * July 16 – George Hilton (actor), George Hilton, Uruguayan-Italian actor (d. 2019) * July 19 – Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1980) * July 22 ** Louise Fletcher, American actress (d. 2022) ** Leon Rotman, Romanian sprint canoeist ** Oluyemi Adeniji, Nigerian career diplomat, politician (d. 2017) * July 24 – P. S. Soosaithasan, Sri Lankan Tamil politician (d. 2017) * July 28 – Bud Luckey, American voice actor, Pixar animator (d. 2018)

August

– Valery Bykovsky, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2019) * August 3 – Jonas Savimbi, Angolan political and rebel leader (d. 2002) * August 5 – Gay Byrne, Irish broadcaster (d. 2019) * August 6 – Edmond Simeoni, Corsican politician and nationalist (d. 2018) * August 11 – Viktor Tolmachev, Russian engineer (d. 2018) *

** Nino Ferrer, French singer (d. 1998) ** André Bo-Boliko Lokonga, Congolese politician (d. 2018) * August 16 – Angela Buxton, British tennis player (d. 2020) * August 18 ** Ronnie Carroll, Northern Irish singer (d. 2015) ** Roberto Clemente, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player (d.

) ** Gulzar, Indian film director, lyricist and poet *

– Renée Richards, American ophthalmologist and tennis player * August 20 – Armi Kuusela, Miss Universe 1952 from Finland * August 22 – Norman Schwarzkopf, U.S. Army general (d. 2012) * August 24 – Kenny Baker (English actor), Kenny Baker, English actor (d. 2016) * August 25 ** Zilda Arns, Brazilian pediatrician, aid worker (d. 2010) ** Hsiao Teng-tzang, Taiwanese politician (d. 2017) ** Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Ayatollah Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, 4th President of Iran (d. 2017) * August 28 – Zeng Shiqiang, Taiwanese sinologist, scholar, and writer (d. 2018) * August 30 – Anatoly Solonitsyn, Russian actor (d. 1982)

September

* September 1 – Léon Mébiame, Gabonese politician (d. 2015) * September 4 ** Clive Granger, Welsh-born economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009) ** Juraj Herz, Slovak film director, actor, and scenic designer (d. 2018) ** Eduard Khil, Russian baritone singer ("Eduard Khil, Trololo") (d. 2012) ** Zaid ibn Shaker, 3-time prime minister of Jordan (d. 2002) ** Jan Švankmajer, Czech filmmaker, artist * September 6 – Marshall Rosenberg, American psychologist and writer (d. 2015) * September 7 – Omar Karami, 29th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2015) *

– Peter Maxwell Davies, English composer (d. 2016) * September 9 – Nicholas Liverpool, Dominican lawyer, politician, and 6th List of Presidents of Dominica, President of Dominica (d. 2015) * September 13 – Zbigniew Zapasiewicz, Polish actor (d. 2009) *

– Fob James, American politician and List of governors of Alabama, Governor of Alabama from 1979 to 1983, and from 1995 to 1999 * September 16 ** Elgin Baylor, American basketball player and executive (d. 2021) ** Ronnie Drew, Irish singer with The Dubliners band (d. 2008) * September 17 – Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (d. 1969) *

– Brian Epstein, British manager of the Beatles, co-founder of Northern Songs (d. 1967) * September 20 ** Rajinder Puri, Indian cartoonist, veteran columnist and political activist (d. 2015) ** Sophia Loren, Italian actress ** Takayuki Kubota, Japanese martial artist, founder of the Gosoku-ryu style of karate (d. 2024) *

** Leonard Cohen, Canadian poet, novelist, singer and songwriter (d. 2016) ** David J. Thouless, Scottish-born condensed-matter physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 2019) ** María Rubio, Mexican actress (d. 2018) * September 23 – Ahmad Shah Khan, Crown Prince of Afghanistan (d. 2024) * September 27 – Wilford Brimley, American actor and singer (d. 2020) *

– Brigitte Bardot, French actress, animal rights activist * September 29 – Idowu Sofola, Nigerian jurist (d. 2018) * September 30 – Udo Jürgens, Austrian-Swiss composer, popular music singer (d. 2014)

October

* October 5 – Angelo Buono, American serial killer (d. 2002) * October 7 – Amiri Baraka, African-American poet, playwright and activist (d. 2014) *

** Jacobo Majluta Azar, 47th President of the Dominican Republic (d. 1996) ** Abdullah Ibrahim, South African pianist and composer * October 12 – Abd Al-Karim Al-Iryani, Prime Minister of Yemen (d. 2015) * October 13 – Nana Mouskouri, Greek popular singer * October 19 – Yakubu Gowon, Nigerian politician *

– Mary Peach, British actress * October 30 – Frans Brüggen, Dutch baroque conductor and woodwind player (d. 2014) * October 31 – Princess Margaretha, Mrs. Ambler, Princess of Sweden

November

* November 1 – Umberto Agnelli, Swiss-born automobile executive (d. 2004) * November 2 – Ken Rosewall, Australian tennis champion *

– Kira Muratova, Ukrainian film director, screenwriter and actress (d. 2018) * November 9 ** Ingvar Carlsson, twice prime minister of Sweden ** Hamilton Green, 4th prime minister of Guyana ** Carl Sagan, American astronomer, writer, and TV presenter (d. 1996) **Tengiz Sigua, 2nd Prime Minister of Georgia (d. 2020) * November 11 – Elżbieta Krzesińska, Polish athlete (d. 2015) * November 12 – Charles Manson, American cult leader and murderer (d. 2017) * November 13 – Garry Marshall, American film producer, director and actor (d. 2016) *

– Lew Hoad, Australian tennis champion (d. 1994) * November 30 – Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (d. 2008)

December

* December 1 – Billy Paul, African-American singer (d. 2016) * December 3 – Viktor Gorbatko, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2017) *

– Joan Didion, American novelist (d. 2021) * December 8 – Alisa Freindlich, Soviet and Russian actress * December 9 ** Judi Dench, English actress ** Junior Wells, American harmonica player (d. 1998) * December 10 – Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1994) * December 11 – Radha Viswanathan, Indian vocalist, classical dancer (d. 2018) * December 12 – Miguel de la Madrid, 52nd president of Mexico (d. 2012) * December 13 – Richard D. Zanuck, American producer (d. 2012) * December 14 – Shyam Benegal, Indian film director and screenwriter (d. 2024) * December 15 – Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, 6th president of Somalia (d. 2012) * December 17 – Shan Tianfang, Chinese pingshu performer (d. 2018) * December 18 – Boris Volynov, Russian cosmonaut * December 19 ** Aki Aleong, Trinidad and Tobago-born American actor ** Pratibha Patil, President of India * December 24 – Stjepan Mesić, 2nd President of Croatia * December 28 **Forough Farrokhzad, Iranian poet, writer and filmmaker (d. 1967) ** Maggie Smith, English actress (d. 2024) ** Yujiro Ishihara, Japanese actor (d. 1987) * December 30 ** John N. Bahcall, American astrophysicist and astronomer, co-developed the Hubble Space Telescope (d. 2005) ** Joseph Bologna, American actor, director, playwright and screenwriter (d. 2017) ** Barry Briggs, New Zealand motorcycle racer and sportscaster ** Joseph P. Hoar, American general (d. 2022) ** Tony Serra, American criminal defense and civil rights lawyer, attorney, political activist and tax resistance, tax resister ** Del Shannon, American singer (''Runaway (Del Shannon song), Runaway'') (d. 1990) ** Russ Tamblyn, American film and television actor

Deaths

January

– Jakob Wassermann, German writer (b. 1873) * January 6 – Herbert Chapman, English football manager (b. 1878) * January 7 – Augustin Dubail, French general (b. 1851) * January 8 – Andrei Bely, Russian writer (b. 1880) * January 10 – Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch communist accused of setting fire to the Reichstag (executed) (b. 1909) * January 11 – Helen Zimmern, German-born British writer and translator (b. 1846) *

– Hermann Bahr, Austrian writer and playwright (b. 1863) * January 16 – Henry Walter Barnett, Australian photographer and filmmaker (b. 1862) * January 21 – Aref Qazvini, Iranian poet, lyricist and musician (b. 1882) * January 22 – Robert Brady (criminal), Robert Brady, American criminal (b. 1904) * January 29 – Fritz Haber, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1868)

February

Geevarghese Mar Dionysius of Vattasseril

* February 2 – Maria Domenica Mantovani, Italian Roman Catholic religious professed and blessed (b. 1862) * February 3 – Eleonora de Cisneros, American opera singer (b. 1878) * February 17 – King Albert I of Belgium (b. 1875) *February 19 – Caleb Bradham, American pharmacist, inventor of Pepsi (b. 1867) *

–

, Nicaraguan revolutionary and rebel (murdered) (b. 1895) *

** Edward Elgar, Sir Edward Elgar, British composer (b. 1857) ** Geevarghese Dionysius of Vattasseril, Indian Orthodox priest and saint (b. 1858) * February 25 – Elizabeth Gertrude Britton, American botanist, bryologist, and educator (b. 1858)

March

**Wilhelm Diegelmann, German actor (b. 1861) **Charles Webster Leadbeater, British author and Theosophist (b. 1854) * March 14 ** João do Canto e Castro, Portuguese army officer, 67th Prime Minister of Portugal and 5th President of Portugal (b. 1862) ** Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma (b. 1886) * March 15 – Davidson Black, Canadian-born paleoanthropologist (b. 1884) * March 19 – Edward Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, British army general (b. 1857) *

** Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, Dutch Queen and regent (b.1858) ** Sydney Deane, Australian cricketer and actor (b. 1863) * March 21 ** Nicanor Abelardo, Filipino composer (b. 1873) ** Lilyan Tashman, American actress (b. 1896) * March 26 – Alfredo Acton, Italian admiral and politician (b. 1867) * March 27 – Francis William Reitz, 5th president of the Orange Free State (b. 1844) * March 28 – Mahmoud Mokhtar, Egyptian sculptor (b. 1891) * March 29 – Otto Hermann Kahn, German-born philanthropist (b. 1867) * March 30 ** Paul Cazeneuve, French politician (b. 1852) ** Ronald Munro Ferguson, 1st Viscount Novar, Scottish politician, 8th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1860)

April

* April 7 ** Béatrice Ephrussi de Rothschild, French socialite (b. 1864) ** Karl von Einem, German general (b. 1853) * April 9 – Safvet-beg Basagic, Yugoslav writer (b. 1870) * April 11 ** Gerald du Maurier, British actor (b. 1873) ** John Collier (painter), John Collier, British painter (b. 1850) * April 15 – Karl Dane, Danish actor (b. 1886) * April 18 – Raffaele Garofalo, Italian criminologist and jurist (b. 1851) * April 26 ** Arturs Alberings, 6th Prime Minister of Latvia (b. 1876) ** John Hamilton (gangster), John Hamilton, Canadian gangster (b. 1899) * April 27 – Joe Vila, American sportswriter (b. 1866) * April 28 – Charley Patton, American Delta blues musician * April 30 – Hugh L. Scott, United States Army general (b. 1853)

May

* May 17 – Cass Gilbert, American architect (b. 1859) *

– Edward William Nelson, American naturalist (b. 1855) * May 21 – James Durkin (actor), James Durkin, Canadian-born American actor (b. 1879) *

** Clyde Barrow, American outlaw, member of Barrow Gang (b. 1909) ** Bonnie Parker, American outlaw, member of Barrow Gang (b. 1910) * May 24 – Brand Whitlock, American journalist and politician (b. 1869) * May 25 – Gustav Holst, British composer (b. 1874) * May 26 – Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta (b. 1841) * May 29 – Eugenie Besserer, American silent film actress (b. 1868) * May 30 ** Tōgō Heihachirō, Japanese admiral (b. 1848) ** Julia Lopes de Almeida, Brazilian advocate and writer (b. 1862) *

– Lew Cody, American actor (b. 1884)

June

* June 8 ** Dorothy Dell, American actress (b. 1915) *

– Medeiros e Albuquerque, Brazilian poet and politician (b. 1867) *

– Frederick Delius, British composer (b. 1862) * June 11 – Lev Vygotsky, Russian developmental psychologist (b. 1896) * June 19 – Prince Bernhard of Lippe (1872-1934), Prince Bernhard of Lippe (b. 1872) *

– Francesco Buhagiar, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1876) *

– Murdered during the

: ** Karl Ernst, Nazi SA leader in Berlin (b. 1904) ** Fritz Gerlich, German journalist (b. 1883) ** Edmund Heines, Deputy SA leader (b. 1897) ** Gustav von Kahr, German politician (b. 1862) ** Kurt von Schleicher, 23rd Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany (b. 1882) ** Gregor Strasser, German Nazi politician (b. 1892)

July

** Ernst Röhm, German politician, Nazi SA Leader (assassinated) (b. 1887) ** Edgar Jung, German lawyer and political activist (assassinated) (b. 1894) * July 3 – Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Dutch prince consort (b. 1876) * July 4 ** Marie Curie, Polish-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Nobel Prize in Physics, physics (b. 1867) ** Hayim Nahman Bialik, Russian-born Jewish poet, considered Israel's national poet (b. 1873) * July 5 – Ahmad Zaki Pasha, Egyptian philologist (b. 1867) * July 6 – Prince Pedro Augusto of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1866) * July 8 – Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer (b. 1848) * July 10 – Erich Mühsam, German author (b. 1878) *

** Kate Sheppard, New Zealand women's suffragist (b. 1848) ** Ignacio Sánchez Mejías, Spanish bullfighter (b. 1891) * July 15 ** Louis F. Gottschalk, American composer (b. 1864) ** Jules Renkin, Belgian politician and 28th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1862) * July 16 – Carlo Bergamini (sculptor), Carlo Bergamini, Italian sculptor (b. 1868) * July 20 – Padre Cicero, Brazilian Roman Catholic priest and reverend (b. 1844) * July 21 – Hubert Lyautey, Marshal of France (b. 1854) * July 22 –

, American gangster (b. 1903) * July 23 – María Pilar López de Maturana Ortiz de Zárate, Spanish Roman Catholic religious blessed and blessed (b. 1884) * July 24 – Hans Hahn (mathematician), Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (b. 1879) *

** François Coty, French perfume manufacturer (b. 1874) **

, Austrian statesman and 10th Chancellor of Austria (assassinated) (b. 1892) * July 26 – Winsor McCay, American comic creator and animator (b. 1869) * July 28 ** Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (b. 1868) ** Louis Tancred, South African cricketer (b. 1876) ** Edith Yorke, British actress (b. 1867) * July 30 – Henry Norris (businessman), Sir Henry Norris, British politician and businessman (b. 1865)

August

–

, German general and politician, 2nd President of Germany (b. 1847) *

– Wilbert Robinson, American baseball manager and MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1863) * August 9 – Alfred Steux, Belgian road racing cyclist (b. 1892) * August 10 – George Hill (director), George Hill, American director (b. 1895) * August 13 – Mary Hunter Austin, American writer of fiction and non-fiction (b. 1868) * August 14 – Raymond Hood, American architect (b. 1881) * August 23 – Homer Van Meter, American criminal and bank robber (b. 1905) * August 27 – Linda Agostini, British-born Australian homicide victim (b. 1905) * August 28 – Edgeworth David, Sir Edgeworth David, British-born Australian geologist and explorer (b. 1858)

September

* September 2 – Russ Columbo, American singer and actor (b. 1908) * September 9 – Roger Fry, British artist (b. 1866) * September 10 – George Henschel, Sir George Henschel, English musician (b. 1850) * September 13 – Serafina Astafieva, Russian ballet dancer (b. 1876) * September 22 – Charles Makley, American criminal (b. 1889)

October

* October 5 – Jean Vigo, French film director (b. 1905) *

** King Alexander I of Yugoslavia (b. 1888) (assassinated) ** Vlado Chernozemski, Bulgarian revolutionary leader (b. 1897) ** Saint Innocencio of Mary Immaculate, Spanish Roman Catholic priest and saint (b. 1887) * October 12 – Willy Clarkson, British costume designer and wigmaker (b. 1861) * October 14 – Mikhail Matyushin, Russian painter and composer (b. 1861) * October 15 – Raymond Poincaré, 58th Prime Minister of France and 10th President of France during World War I (b. 1860) * October 17 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish histologist and neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1852) * October 19 – Alexander von Kluck, German general (b. 1846) * October 22 – Pretty Boy Floyd, American bank robber (shot by law officers) (b. 1904) * October 24 – Giacomo Montalto, Italian socialist leader and politician (b. 1864) * October 29 – Lou Tellegen, Dutch actor (b. 1881)

November

* November 2 – Edmond James de Rothschild, French philanthropist (b. 1845) *

– Sir Robert McAlpine, 1st Baronet, Sir Robert McAlpine, Scottish builder (b. 1847) * November 8 – James Mark Baldwin, American philosopher and psychologist (b. 1861) * November 16 ** Alice Liddell, English inspiration for ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' (b. 1852) ** Carl von Linde, German scientist and engineer (b. 1842) **Georgi Todorov (general), Georgi Todorov, Bulgarian general (b. 1858) * November 20 – Willem de Sitter, Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer (b. 1872) * November 22 – Harry Steppe, American vaudeville performer (b. 1888) *

– Baby Face Nelson, American gangster (b. 1908) * November 30 – Hélène Boucher, French aviator (b. 1908)

December

* December 1 ** Sergey Kirov, Soviet politician (b. 1886) ** Blind Blake, American blues singer (b. 1896) *

– Oskar von Hutier, German general (b. 1857) * December 6 – Charles Michael, Duke of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1863) * December 9 – Alceste De Ambris, Italian syndicalist (b. 1874) * December 26 – Wallace Thurman, American writer (b. 1902) * December 28 ** Lowell Sherman, American actor and director (b. 1888) ** Pablo Gargallo, Spanish sculptor and painter (b. 1881)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Not awarded this year * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Harold Clayton Urey * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – George Hoyt Whipple, George Richards Minot, William Parry Murphy * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Luigi Pirandello * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Arthur Henderson

References

External links

The 1930s Timeline: 1934
– from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia {{DEFAULTSORT:1934 1934,