Events
Pre-1600
*
653
__NOTOC__
Year 653 ( DCLIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 653 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
–
Pope Martin I
Pope Martin I ( la, Martinus I, el, Πάπας Μαρτίνος; between 590 and 600 – 16 September 655), also known as Martin the Confessor, was the bishop of Rome from 21 July 649 to his death 16 September 655. He served as Pope Theodore I' ...
is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to
monothelitism
Monothelitism, or monotheletism (from el, μονοθελητισμός, monothelētismós, doctrine of one will), is a theological doctrine in Christianity, that holds Christ as having only one will. The doctrine is thus contrary to dyothelit ...
.
*
1242
Year 1242 ( MCCXLII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
* Spring – Prince Alexander Nevsky is joined by his brother Andrey II (Yaroslavi ...
– Following the
Disputation of Paris
The Disputation of Paris ( ''Mishpat Pariz''; ), also known as the Trial of the Talmud (), took place in 1240 at the court of King Louis IX of France. It followed the work of Nicholas Donin, a Jewish convert to Christianity who translated the ...
, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were burnt in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...
.
*
1397
Year 1397 ( MCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* January – Mircea I takes back the throne of Wallachia.
* February 10 – J ...
– The
Kalmar Union is formed under the rule of
Margaret I of Denmark.
*
1462 –
Vlad III the Impaler
Vlad III, commonly known as Vlad the Impaler ( ro, Vlad Țepeș ) or Vlad Dracula (; ro, Vlad Drăculea ; 1428/311476/77), was Voivode of Wallachia three times between 1448 and his death in 1476/77. He is often considered one of the most im ...
attempts to
assassinate
Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have ...
Mehmed II
Mehmed II ( ota, محمد ثانى, translit=Meḥmed-i s̱ānī; tr, II. Mehmed, ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror ( ota, ابو الفتح, Ebū'l-fetḥ, lit=the Father of Conquest, links=no; tr, Fâtih Su ...
(
The Night Attack at Târgovişte), forcing him to retreat from
Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia (; ro, Țara Românească, lit=The Romanian Land' or 'The Romanian Country, ; archaic: ', Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and s ...
.
*
1497
Year 1497 ( MCDXCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* February 7 ( Shrove Tuesday) – Followers of Girolamo Savonarola burn thousan ...
–
Battle of Deptford Bridge: Forces under King
Henry VII defeat troops led by
Michael An Gof
Michael Joseph (died 27 June 1497), better known as Michael An Gof, was one of the leaders of the Cornish rebellion of 1497, along with Thomas Flamank.
Background
The rebels marched on London to protest against King Henry VII's levy of a t ...
.
*
1565 –
Matsunaga Hisahide
Matsunaga Danjo Hisahide (松永 弾正 久秀 1508 – November 19, 1577) was a ''daimyō'' and head of the Yamato Matsunaga clan in Japan during the Sengoku period of the 16th century.
Biography
He was a retainer of Miyoshi Nagayoshi fro ...
assassinates the 13th
Ashikaga shōgun,
Ashikaga Yoshiteru
, also known as Yoshifushi or Yoshifuji, was the 13th ''shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1546 to 1565 during the late Muromachi period of Japan. He was the eldest son of the 12th ''shōgun'', Ashikaga Yoshiharu, and his moth ...
.
*
1579
Year 1579 ( MDLXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Monday of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar.
Events
January–June
* January 6 ...
–
Sir Francis Drake
Sir Francis Drake ( – 28 January 1596) was an English explorer, sea captain, privateer, slave trader, naval officer, and politician. Drake is best known for his circumnavigation of the world in a single expedition, from 1577 to 1580 ...
claims a land he calls ''
Nova Albion
New Albion, also known as ''Nova Albion'' (in reference to an archaic name for Britain), was the name of the continental area north of Mexico claimed by Sir Francis Drake for England when he landed on the North American west coast in 1579. Thi ...
'' (modern
California
California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the ...
) for
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe ...
.
*
1596
Events
January–June
* January 6– 20 – An English attempt led by Francis Drake to cross the Isthmus of Panama ends in defeat.
* January 28 – Francis Drake dies of dysentery off Portobelo.
* February 14 – Archbishop John Whitg ...
– The Dutch explorer
Willem Barentsz
Willem Barentsz (; – 20 June 1597), anglicized as William Barents or Barentz, was a Dutch Republic, Dutch navigator, cartographer, and Arctic explorer.
Barentsz went on three expeditions to the far north in search for a Northern Sea Route, N ...
discovers the Arctic archipelago of
Spitsbergen
Spitsbergen (; formerly known as West Spitsbergen; Norwegian: ''Vest Spitsbergen'' or ''Vestspitsbergen'' , also sometimes spelled Spitzbergen) is the largest and the only permanently populated island of the Svalbard archipelago in northern N ...
.
1601–1900
*
1631
Events
January–March
* January 23 – Thirty Years' War: Sweden and France sign the Treaty of Bärwalde, a military alliance in which France provides funds for the Swedish army invading northern Germany.
* February 5 &nda ...
–
Mumtaz Mahal
Mumtaz Mahal (/'/; ), born Arjumand Banu Begum (27 April 1593 – 17 June 1631) was the empress consort of the Mughal Empire from 19 January 1628 to 17 June 1631 as the chief consort of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. The Taj Mahal in Agra, of ...
dies during childbirth. Her husband,
Mughal emperor
The Mughal emperors ( fa, , Pādishāhān) were the supreme heads of state of the Mughal Empire on the Indian subcontinent, mainly corresponding to the modern countries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh. The Mughal rulers styled ...
Shah Jahan
Shihab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram (5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666), better known by his regnal name Shah Jahan I (; ), was the fifth emperor of the Mughal Empire, reigning from January 1628 until July 1658. Under his emperorship, the Mugh ...
I, will spend the next 17 years building her
mausoleum
A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or people. A mausoleum without the person's remains is called a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be con ...
, the
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal (; ) is an Islamic ivory-white marble mausoleum on the right bank of the river Yamuna in the Indian city of Agra. It was commissioned in 1631 by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan () to house the tomb of his favourite wife, Mu ...
.
*
1665
Events
January–March
* January 5 – The '' Journal des sçavans'' begins publication of the first scientific journal in France.
* February 15 – Molière's comedy '' Dom Juan ou le Festin de pierre'', based on the Spani ...
–
Battle of Montes Claros
The Battle of Montes Claros was fought on 17 June 1665, near Vila Viçosa, between Spanish and a combined Anglo- Portuguese force as the last major battle in the Portuguese Restoration War. The battle resulted in a decisive Portuguese victory an ...
: Portugal definitively secured independence from Spain in the last battle of the
Portuguese Restoration War
The Portuguese Restoration War ( pt, Guerra da Restauração) was the war between Portugal and Spain that began with the Portuguese revolution of 1640 and ended with the Treaty of Lisbon in 1668, bringing a formal end to the Iberian Union. The p ...
.
*
1673
Events
January–March
* January 22 – Impostor Mary Carleton is hanging, hanged at Newgate Prison in London, for multiple thefts and returning from penal transportation.
* February 10 – Molière's ''comédie-ballet'' '' ...
–
French explorers
Jacques Marquette
Jacques Marquette S.J. (June 1, 1637 – May 18, 1675), sometimes known as Père Marquette or James Marquette, was a French Jesuit missionary who founded Michigan's first European settlement, Sault Sainte Marie, and later founded Saint Igna ...
and
Louis Jolliet
Louis Jolliet (September 21, 1645after May 1700) was a French-Canadian explorer known for his discoveries in North America. In 1673, Jolliet and Jacques Marquette, a Jesuit Catholic priest and missionary, were the first non-Natives to explore ...
reach the
Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it ...
and become the first Europeans to make a detailed account of its course.
*
1767
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The first annual volume of '' The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris'', produced by British Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, gives navigators t ...
–
Samuel Wallis
Samuel Wallis (23 April 1728 – 21 January 1795 in London) was a British naval officer and explorer of the Pacific Ocean. He made the first recorded visit by a European navigator to Tahiti.
Biography
Wallis was born at Fenteroon Farm, n ...
, a British sea captain, sights
Tahiti
Tahiti (; Tahitian ; ; previously also known as Otaheite) is the largest island of the Windward group of the Society Islands in French Polynesia. It is located in the central part of the Pacific Ocean and the nearest major landmass is Aust ...
and is considered the first European to reach the island.
*
1773
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...
–
Cúcuta
Cúcuta (), officially San José de Cúcuta, is a Colombian municipality, capital of the department of Norte de Santander and nucleus of the Metropolitan Area of Cúcuta. The city is located in the homonymous valley, at the foot of the Easte ...
,
Colombia, is founded by
Juana Rangel de Cuéllar
Juana Rangel de Cuellar (6 October 1649 – 1736) was the founder of the Colombian city of Cúcuta, located in the Norte de Santander Department. She was born and died in Pamplona
Pamplona (; eu, Iruña or ), historically also known as Pa ...
.
*
1775
Events
Summary
The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
–
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of ...
: Colonists inflict heavy casualties on British forces while losing the
Battle of Bunker Hill
The Battle of Bunker Hill was fought on June 17, 1775, during the Siege of Boston in the first stage of the American Revolutionary War. The battle is named after Bunker Hill in Charlestown, Massachusetts, which was peripherally involved in ...
.
*
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet '' What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
– In
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...
, the
Third Estate
The estates of the realm, or three estates, were the broad orders of social hierarchy used in Christendom (Christian Europe) from the Middle Ages to early modern Europe. Different systems for dividing society members into estates developed and ...
declares itself the
National Assembly
In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the rep ...
.
*
1794
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark).
* January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United Sta ...
– Foundation of
Anglo-Corsican Kingdom
The Anglo-Corsican Kingdom ( Italian: ''Regno Anglo-Corso''; Corsican: ''Riame anglo-corsu'', ''Riamu anglu-corsu''), also known as the Kingdom of Corsica ( Italian: ''Regno di Corsica''; Corsican: ''Regnu di Corsica''), was a client state of ...
.
*
1795
Events
January–June
* January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the CET records dating back to 1659.
* January 14 – The University of North Carolina opens to students at Chapel Hill, becoming the ...
– The burghers of
Swellendam
Swellendam is the fifth oldest town in South Africa (after Cape Town, Stellenbosch, Simon's Town, and Paarl), a town with 17,537 inhabitants situated in the Western Cape province. The town has over 50 provincial heritage sites, most of the ...
expel the
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock c ...
magistrate and declare a republic.
*
1839
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre.
* January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years.
* January 9 � ...
– In the
Kingdom of Hawaii,
Kamehameha III
Kamehameha III (born Kauikeaouli) (March 17, 1814 – December 15, 1854) was the third king of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1825 to 1854. His full Hawaiian name is Keaweaweula Kīwalaō Kauikeaouli Kaleiopapa and then lengthened to Keaweaweula Kī ...
issues the
edict of toleration
An edict of toleration is a declaration, made by a government or ruler, and states that members of a given religion will not be persecuted for engaging in their religious practices and traditions. The edict implies tacit acceptance of the religio ...
which gives
Roman Catholics
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
the freedom to worship in the
Hawaiian Islands
The Hawaiian Islands ( haw, Nā Mokupuni o Hawai‘i) are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, and numerous smaller islets in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some from the island of Hawaii in the south to northernmost ...
. The
Hawaii Catholic Church and the
Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace
The Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Peace (French: ''Cathédrale de Notre Dame de la Paix''; Portuguese: ''Catedral de Nossa Senhora da Paz''; Hawaiian: ''Malia o ka Malu Hale Pule Nui''; Latin: ''Basilicæ cathedralis Sanctæ Mariæ de Pa ...
are established as a result.
*
1843
Events January–March
* January
** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel '' Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States.
** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
– The
Wairau Affray
The Wairau Affray of 17 June 1843, also called the Wairau Massacre in older histories, was the first serious clash of arms between British settlers and Māori in New Zealand after the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi and the only one to take ...
, the first serious clash of arms between
Māori
Māori or Maori can refer to:
Relating to the Māori people
* Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group
* Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand
* Māori culture
* Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the Co ...
and British settlers in the
New Zealand Wars
The New Zealand Wars took place from 1845 to 1872 between the New Zealand colonial government and allied Māori on one side and Māori and Māori-allied settlers on the other. They were previously commonly referred to as the Land Wars or the ...
, takes place.
*
1861
Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry.
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City.
** The first steam- ...
–
American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by state ...
:
Battle of Vienna, Virginia
The Battle of Vienna, Virginia was a minor engagement between Union and Confederate forces on June 17, 1861, during the early days of the American Civil War.
The Union was trying to protect the areas of Virginia opposite Washington, D.C., and ...
.
*
1863
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaim ...
– American Civil War:
Battle of Aldie
The Battle of Aldie took place on June 17, 1863, in Loudoun County, Virginia, as part of the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War.
Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry screened Gen. Robert E. Lee's Confederate infantry as it marche ...
in the
Gettysburg Campaign.
*
1876
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
** The Bass Brewery Red Triangle becomes the world's first registered trademark symbol.
* February 2 – The National League, National League of Professional Ba ...
–
American Indian Wars
The American Indian Wars, also known as the American Frontier Wars, and the Indian Wars, were fought by European governments and colonists in North America, and later by the United States and Canadian governments and American and Canadian settle ...
:
Battle of the Rosebud
The Battle of the Rosebud (also known as the Battle of Rosebud Creek) took place on June 17, 1876, in the Montana Territory between the United States Army and its Crow and Shoshoni allies against a force consisting mostly of Lakota Sioux and Nor ...
: One thousand five hundred
Sioux
The Sioux or Oceti Sakowin (; Dakota language, Dakota: Help:IPA, /otʃʰeːtʰi ʃakoːwĩ/) are groups of Native Americans in the United States, Native American tribes and First Nations in Canada, First Nations peoples in North America. The ...
and
Cheyenne
The Cheyenne ( ) are an Indigenous people of the Great Plains. Their Cheyenne language belongs to the Algonquian languages, Algonquian language family. Today, the Cheyenne people are split into two federally recognized tribe, federally recognize ...
led by
Crazy Horse
Crazy Horse ( lkt, Tȟašúŋke Witkó, italic=no, , ; 1840 – September 5, 1877) was a Lakota war leader of the Oglala band in the 19th century. He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by ...
beat back
General
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry.
In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". O ...
George Crook
George R. Crook (September 8, 1828 – March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer, most noted for his distinguished service during the American Civil War and the Indian Wars. During the 1880s, the Apache nicknamed Crook ''Nanta ...
's forces at Rosebud Creek in
Montana Territory
The Territory of Montana was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 26, 1864, until November 8, 1889, when it was admitted as the 41st state in the Union as the state of Montana.
Original boundaries
...
.
*
1877
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed ''Empress of India'' by the ''Royal Titles Act 1876'', introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom .
* January 8 – Great S ...
–
American Indian Wars
The American Indian Wars, also known as the American Frontier Wars, and the Indian Wars, were fought by European governments and colonists in North America, and later by the United States and Canadian governments and American and Canadian settle ...
:
Battle of White Bird Canyon
The Battle of White Bird Canyon was fought on June 17, 1877, in Idaho Territory. White Bird Canyon was the opening battle of the Nez Perce War between the Nez Perce Indians and the United States. The battle was a significant defeat of the U.S. ...
: The
Nez Perce
The Nez Percé (; autonym in Nez Perce language: , meaning "we, the people") are an Indigenous people of the Plateau who are presumed to have lived on the Columbia River Plateau in the Pacific Northwest region for at least 11,500 years.Ames, K ...
defeat the
U.S. Cavalry at White Bird Canyon in the
Idaho Territory
The Territory of Idaho was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 3, 1863, until July 3, 1890, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as Idaho.
History
1860s
The territory ...
.
*
1885
Events
January–March
* January 3– 4 – Sino-French War – Battle of Núi Bop: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing Chinese force, in northern Vietnam.
* January 4 &ndash ...
– The
Statue of Liberty arrives in
New York Harbor.
*
1898
Events
January–March
* January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, B ...
– The
United States Navy Hospital Corps is established.
*
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), ...
–
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising, the Boxer Insurrection, or the Yihetuan Movement, was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, b ...
:
Western Allied and Japanese forces
capture
Capture may refer to:
*Asteroid capture, a phenomenon in which an asteroid enters a stable orbit around another body
*Capture, a software for lighting design, documentation and visualisation
*"Capture" a song by Simon Townshend
*Capture (band), an ...
the
Taku Forts
The Taku Forts or Dagu Forts, also called the Peiho Forts are forts located by the Hai River (Peiho River) estuary in the Binhai New Area, Tianjin, in northeastern China. They are located southeast of the Tianjin urban center.
History
The ...
in
Tianjin
Tianjin (; ; Mandarin: ), alternately romanized as Tientsin (), is a municipality and a coastal metropolis in Northern China on the shore of the Bohai Sea. It is one of the nine national central cities in Mainland China, with a total popu ...
, China.
1901–present
*
1901
Events
January
* January 1 – The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton becomes the first Prime Min ...
– The
College Board introduces its first standardized test, the forerunner to the
SAT
The SAT ( ) is a standardized test widely used for college admissions in the United States. Since its debut in 1926, its name and scoring have changed several times; originally called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, it was later called the Schol ...
.
*
1910
Events
January
* January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas ''Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York Ci ...
–
Aurel Vlaicu
Aurel Vlaicu (; 19 November 1882 – 13 September 1913) was a Romanian engineer, inventor, airplane constructor and early pilot.Gheorghiu, 1960
Early years and education
Aurel Vlaicu was born in the village of Binținți in Transylvania, Aust ...
pilots an
A. Vlaicu nr. 1
The A Vlaicu I was the first powered airplane built by Aurel Vlaicu.
Design and development
After flying his glider in Binţinţi, Aurel Vlaicu moved to the Kingdom of Romania.
On November 1, 1909, he began the construction of his first powere ...
on its first flight.
*
1922
Events
January
* January 7 – Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes.
* January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éireann, the day after Éamon de Valera ...
–
Portuguese naval aviators Gago Coutinho
Carlos Viegas Gago Coutinho, GCTE, GCC, generally known simply as Gago Coutinho (; 17 February 1869 – 18 February 1959) was a Portuguese geographer, cartographer, naval officer, historian and aviator. An aviation pioneer, Gago Coutinho and S ...
and
Sacadura Cabral
Artur de Sacadura Freire Cabral, GCTE (23 May 1881 – 15 November 1924), known simply as Sacadura Cabral (), was a Portuguese aviation pioneer. He, together with fellow aviator Gago Coutinho, conducted the first flight across the South A ...
complete the
first aerial crossing of the South Atlantic
The first aerial crossing of the South Atlantic was made by the Portuguese naval aviators Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral in 1922, to mark the centennial of Brazil's independence. Coutinho and Cabral flew in stages from Lisbon, Portugal, to ...
.
*
1929
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholi ...
– The town of
Murchison, New Zealand
Murchison is a town in the Tasman Region of the South Island of New Zealand. It is near the western end of the "Four Rivers Plain", at the confluence of the Buller River and the Matakitaki River. The other two rivers are the Mangles River, a ...
Is rocked by a
7.8 magnitude earthquake killing 17. At the time it was New Zealand's worst natural disaster.
*
1930
Events
January
* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be ...
– U.S. President
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, holding o ...
signs the
Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act
The Tariff Act of 1930 (codified at ), commonly known as the Smoot–Hawley Tariff or Hawley–Smoot Tariff, was a law that implemented protectionist trade policies in the United States. Sponsored by Senator Reed Smoot and Representative Will ...
into law.
*
1932 –
Bonus Army
The Bonus Army was a group of 43,000 demonstrators – 17,000 veterans of U.S. involvement in World War I, their families, and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C., in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their servi ...
: Around a thousand World War I veterans amass at the
United States Capitol
The United States Capitol, often called The Capitol or the Capitol Building, is the Seat of government, seat of the Legislature, legislative branch of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government, which is form ...
as the
U.S. Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and powe ...
considers a bill that would give them certain benefits.
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wis ...
–
Union Station massacre: In
Kansas City, Missouri, four
FBI
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, t ...
agents and captured fugitive
Frank Nash
Frank Nash (February 6, 1887 – June 17, 1933) was an American bank robber, and has been called "the most successful bank robber in U.S. history." He is most noted for his violent death in the Kansas City Massacre. Nash spent part of his child ...
are gunned down by gangsters attempting to free Nash.
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidde ...
– Last public guillotining in France:
Eugen Weidmann
Eugen Weidmann (5 February 1908 - 17 June 1939) was a German criminal and serial-killer who was executed by guillotine in France in June 1939, the last public execution in France.
Early life
Weidmann was born in Frankfurt am Main to the family ...
, a convicted murderer, is executed in
Versailles
The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 1995 has been managed, ...
outside the Saint-Pierre prison.
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
–
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
: is attacked and sunk by the
Luftwaffe
The ''Luftwaffe'' () was the aerial-warfare branch of the German '' Wehrmacht'' before and during World War II. Germany's military air arms during World War I, the '' Luftstreitkräfte'' of the Imperial Army and the '' Marine-Fliegerabt ...
near
Saint-Nazaire
Saint-Nazaire (; ; Gallo: ''Saint-Nazère/Saint-Nazaer'') is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France, in traditional Brittany.
The town has a major harbour on the right bank of the Loire estuary, near the Atlantic Ocean ...
, France. At least 3,000 are killed in Britain's worst maritime disaster.
* 1940 – World War II: The British Army's
11th Hussars
The 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army established in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the First World War and Second World War but then amalgamated with the 10th Royal Hussars (Prin ...
assault and take
Fort Capuzzo
Fort Capuzzo it, (Ridotta Capuzzo) was a fort in the colony of Italian Libya, near the Libyan- Egyptian border, next to the Italian Frontier Wire. The '' Litoranea Balbo'' ran south from Bardia to Fort Capuzzo, inland, west of Sollum, th ...
in
Libya
Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Su ...
, Africa from
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance language
*** Regional Ita ...
forces.
* 1940 – The three
Baltic states
The Baltic states, et, Balti riigid or the Baltic countries is a geopolitical term, which currently is used to group three countries: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. All three countries are members of NATO, the European Union, the Eurozone, ...
of
Estonia
Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and t ...
,
Latvia
Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...
and
Lithuania fall under the
occupation
Occupation commonly refers to:
*Occupation (human activity), or job, one's role in society, often a regular activity performed for payment
*Occupation (protest), political demonstration by holding public or symbolic spaces
*Military occupation, th ...
of the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
.
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in No ...
–
Iceland
Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its ...
declares
independence
Independence is a condition of a person, nation, country, or state in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the s ...
from Denmark and becomes a
republic.
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
–
United Airlines Flight 624
United Airlines Flight 624, a Douglas DC-6 airliner, registration NC37506, was a scheduled passenger flight from San Diego, California to New York City. The four-engined, propeller-driven airplane crashed at 1:41 pm Eastern Daylight Time on ...
, a
Douglas DC-6
The Douglas DC-6 is a piston-powered airliner and cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1946 to 1958. Originally intended as a military transport near the end of World War II, it was reworked after the war to compete with ...
, crashes near
Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania
Mount Carmel is a borough (Pennsylvania), borough in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, Northumberland County, located in the Coal Heritage Region of Central Pennsylvania's Susquehanna River Valley, United States. The population was 5,725 at t ...
, killing all 43 people on board.
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh ...
– Guatemala passes
Decree 900
Decree 900 ( es, Decreto 900), also known as the Agrarian Reform Law, was a Guatemalan land-reform law passed on June 17, 1952, during the Guatemalan Revolution. The law was introduced by President Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán and passed by the Guate ...
, ordering the redistribution of uncultivated land.
*
1953 –
Cold War:
East Germany Workers Uprising: In
East Germany
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...
, the Soviet Union orders a division of troops into
East Berlin
East Berlin was the ''de facto'' capital city of East Germany from 1949 to 1990. Formally, it was the Soviet sector of Berlin, established in 1945. The American, British, and French sectors were known as West Berlin. From 13 August 1961 u ...
to quell a rebellion.
*
1958 – The
Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing
The Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing, also called the Ironworkers Memorial Bridge and Second Narrows Bridge, is the second bridge constructed at the Second (east) Narrows of Burrard Inlet in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Ori ...
, in the process of being built to connect Vancouver and
North Vancouver
North Vancouver may refer to:
*North Vancouver (city), a city in British Columbia, Canada
* North Vancouver (district municipality), a district municipality in British Columbia, Canada
* North Vancouver (electoral district), a federal electoral di ...
(Canada), collapses into the
Burrard Inlet
french: Baie Burrard
, image = Burrard Inlet 201807.jpg
, image_size = 250px
, alt =
, caption = Aerial view of Burrard Inlet
, image_bathymetry = Burrard-Inlet-map-en.svg
, alt_bathymetry ...
killing 18 ironworkers and injuring others.
*
1960
It is also known as the " Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism.
Events
January
* J ...
– The
Nez Perce
The Nez Percé (; autonym in Nez Perce language: , meaning "we, the people") are an Indigenous people of the Plateau who are presumed to have lived on the Columbia River Plateau in the Pacific Northwest region for at least 11,500 years.Ames, K ...
tribe is awarded $4 million for of land undervalued at four cents/acre in the 1863 treaty.
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...
– The
United States Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point ...
rules 8–1 in ''
Abington School District v. Schempp'' against requiring the reciting of
Bible
The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts o ...
verses and the
Lord's Prayer
The Lord's Prayer, also called the Our Father or Pater Noster, is a central Christian prayer which Jesus taught as the way to pray. Two versions of this prayer are recorded in the gospels: a longer form within the Sermon on the Mount in the Gosp ...
in
public schools
Public school may refer to:
*State school (known as a public school in many countries), a no-fee school, publicly funded and operated by the government
*Public school (United Kingdom), certain elite fee-charging independent schools in England and ...
.
* 1963 – A day after
South Vietnamese President Ngô Đình Diệm
Ngô Đình Diệm ( or ; ; 3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a South Vietnamese politician. He was the final prime minister of the State of Vietnam (1954–1955), and then served as the first president of South Vietnam (Republic o ...
announced the
Joint Communiqué to end the
Buddhist crisis
The Buddhist crisis ( vi, Biến cố Phật giáo) was a period of political and religious tension in South Vietnam between May and November 1963, characterized by a series of repressive acts by the South Vietnamese government and a campaign o ...
, a riot involving around 2,000 people breaks out. One person is killed.
*
1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...
–
Nuclear weapons testing
Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine nuclear weapons' effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability. Testing nuclear weapons offers practical information about how the weapons function, how detonations are affected b ...
:
China announces a
successful test of its first
thermonuclear weapon
A thermonuclear weapon, fusion weapon or hydrogen bomb (H bomb) is a second-generation nuclear weapon design. Its greater sophistication affords it vastly greater destructive power than first-generation nuclear bombs, a more compact size, a lowe ...
.
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
– U.S. President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
in a televised press conference called
drug abuse
Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is the use of a drug in amounts or by methods which are harmful to the individual or others. It is a form of substance-related disorder. Differing definitions of drug abuse are used in public health, ...
"America's public enemy number one", starting the
War on drugs
The war on drugs is a global campaign, led by the United States federal government, of drug prohibition, military aid, and military intervention, with the aim of reducing the illegal drug trade in the United States.Cockburn and St. Clair, ...
.
*
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, me ...
–
Watergate scandal
The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974 that led to Nixon's resignation. The scandal stemmed from the Nixon administration's continual ...
: Five
White House
The White House is the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Northwest, Washington, D.C., NW in Washington, D.C., and has been the residence of every U.S. preside ...
operatives are arrested for burgling the offices of the
Democratic National Committee
The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is the governing body of the United States Democratic Party. The committee coordinates strategy to support Democratic Party candidates throughout the country for local, state, and national office, as well ...
during an attempt by members of the
administration of President Richard M. Nixon to illegally
wiretap
Telephone tapping (also wire tapping or wiretapping in American English) is the monitoring of telephone and Internet-based conversations by a third party, often by covert means. The wire tap received its name because, historically, the monitorin ...
the political opposition as part of a
broader campaign to subvert the democratic process.
*
1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
–
Space Shuttle program
The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011. I ...
:
STS-51-G
STS-51-G was the 18th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the fifth flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The seven-day mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on June 17, 1985, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif ...
mission:
Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' launches carrying
Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the first Arab and first Muslim in space, as a
payload specialist.
*
1987
File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airpor ...
– With the death of the last individual of the species, the
dusky seaside sparrow becomes extinct.
*
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxon Valdez oil tanker ru ...
–
Interflug Flight 102
Interflug Flight 102 ended in a crash involving an Ilyushin IL 62M on 17 June 1989. The aircraft, while attempting to take off from Berlin Schönefeld Airport, East Germany, crashed into obstacles on the ground at the end of its takeoff, costing 2 ...
crashes during a
rejected takeoff
In aviation terminology, a rejected takeoff (RTO) or aborted takeoff is the situation in which it is decided to abort the takeoff of an airplane.
There can be many reasons for deciding to perform a rejected takeoff, but they are usually due to a ...
from
Berlin Schönefeld Airport
Berlin Schönefeld Airport () (formerly ) was the secondary international airport of Berlin, the capital of Germany. It was located southeast of Berlin near the town of Schönefeld in the state of Brandenburg and bordered Berlin's southern bo ...
, killing 21 people.
*
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...
–
Apartheid
Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was ...
: The
South African Parliament
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature; under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-seve ...
repeals the
Population Registration Act
The Population Registration Act of 1950 required that each inhabitant of South Africa be classified and registered in accordance with their racial characteristics as part of the system of apartheid.
Social rights, political rights, educational ...
which required racial classification of all South Africans at birth.
*
1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment building in Amsterdam after two of its engines ...
– A "joint understanding" agreement on arms reduction is signed by U.S. President
George Bush and
Russian President
The president of the Russian Federation ( rus, Президент Российской Федерации, Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the head of state of the Russian Federation. The president leads the executive branch of the federal ...
Boris Yeltsin
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ( rus, Борис Николаевич Ельцин, p=bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn, a=Ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician wh ...
(this would be later codified in
START II
START II (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) was a bilateral treaty between the United States and Russia on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms. It was signed by US President George H. W. Bush and Russian President Boris Yel ...
).
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson Ma ...
– Following a televised low-speed highway chase,
O. J. Simpson
Orenthal James Simpson (born July 9, 1947), nicknamed "Juice", is an American former football running back, actor, and broadcaster who played for the Buffalo Bills and San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League. Once a popular figur ...
is arrested for the
murders
Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human with malice aforethought. ("The killing of another person without justification or excuse, especially the ...
of his ex-wife,
Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend
Ronald Goldman
Ronald Lyle Goldman (July 2, 1968 – June 12, 1994) was an American restaurant waiter and a friend of Nicole Brown Simpson, the ex-wife of the American football player O.J. Simpson. He was murdered, along with Brown, at her home in Los Angele ...
.
*
2015
File:2015 Events Collage new.png, From top left, clockwise: Civil service in remembrance of November 2015 Paris attacks; Germanwings Flight 9525 was purposely crashed into the French Alps; the rubble of residences in Kathmandu following the April ...
– Nine people are killed in
a mass shooting at
Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church
The Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church, often referred to as Mother Emanuel, is a church in Charleston, South Carolina. Founded in 1817, Emanuel AME is the oldest African Methodist Episcopal church in the Southern United States. This ...
in
Charleston, South Carolina.
*
2017
File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
– A
series of wildfires in central
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, In recognized minority languages of Portugal:
:* mwl, República Pertuesa is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula, in Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Macaronesian ...
kill at least 64 people and injure 204 others.
*
2021
File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October 2021 coup in Sudan; Crowd shortly after t ...
–
Juneteenth
Juneteenth is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the emancipation of enslaved African Americans. Deriving its name from combining "June" and "nineteenth", it is celebrated on the anniversary of General Order No. 3, ...
National Independence Day, was signed into law by President
Joe Biden, to become the first federal holiday established since Martin Luther King Jr. Day in 1983.
Births
Pre-1600
*
801
__NOTOC__
Year 801 ( DCCCI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
* Emperor Charlemagne formally cedes Nordalbian territory (modern-day Schleswig-Ho ...
–
Drogo of Metz
Drogo (17 June 801 – 8 December 855), also known as Dreux or Drogon, was an illegitimate son of Frankish emperor Charlemagne by the concubine Regina.
Early life and family
Drogo was born on 17 June 801 at Aachen, Gaul (Aix-La-Chappelle). T ...
, Frankish bishop (d. 855)
*
1239
Year 1239 (Roman numerals, MCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
* Summer – A German expeditionary force under Emperor Frederick II ...
–
Edward I, English king (d. 1307)
*
1530
Year 1530 ( MDXXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1530th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 530th year of the 2nd millennium, the 3 ...
–
François de Montmorency
François de Montmorency, Duc de Montmorency (17 July 1530 – 6 May 1579) was a French soldier, diplomat and peer who served as governor of Paris. He was Duke of Montmorency, Count of Dammartin, Baron of Châteaubriant and Lord of L'Isle-Adam, ...
, French nobleman (d. 1579)
*
1571
Year 1571 ( MDLXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
* January 11 – The Austrian nobility are granted freedom of religion.
* January 2 ...
–
Thomas Mun
Sir Thomas Mun (17 June 157121 July 1641) was an English writer on economics and is often referred to as the last of the early mercantilism, mercantilists. Most notably, he is known for serving as the director of the East India Company. Due to ...
, English writer on economics (d. 1641)
1601–1900
*
1603
Events
January–June
* February 25 – Dutch–Portuguese War: the Portuguese ship '' Santa Catarina'' is seized by Dutch East India Company ships off Singapore. The first permanent Dutch trading post in Indonesia is established ...
–
Joseph of Cupertino
Joseph of Cupertino, OFM Conv. ( it, Giuseppe da Copertino; 17 June 1603 – 18 September 1663) was an Italian Conventual Franciscan friar who is honored as a Christian mystic and saint. According to traditional Franciscan accounts, he was " ...
, Italian mystic and saint (d. 1663)
*
1604
Events
January–June
* January 1 – '' The Masque of Indian and China Knights'' is performed by courtiers of James VI and I at Hampton Court.
* January 14 – The Hampton Court Conference is held between James I of England ...
–
John Maurice, Dutch nobleman (d. 1679)
*
1610
Some have suggested that 1610 may mark the beginning of the Anthropocene, or the 'Age of Man', marking a fundamental change in the relationship between humans and the Earth system, but earlier starting dates (ca. 1000 C.E.) have received broa ...
–
Birgitte Thott, Danish scholar, writer and translator (b.
1662
Events
January–March
* January 4 – Dziaddin Mukarram Shah becomes the new Sultan of Kedah, an independent kingdom on the Malay Peninsula, upon the death of his father, Sultan Muhyiddin Mansur.
* January 10 – At the ...
)
*
1631
Events
January–March
* January 23 – Thirty Years' War: Sweden and France sign the Treaty of Bärwalde, a military alliance in which France provides funds for the Swedish army invading northern Germany.
* February 5 &nda ...
–
Gauharara Begum
Gauhar Ara Begum (; 17 June 1631 – 1706) was a Mughal princess and the fourteenth and youngest child of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
Her mother died giving birth to her in 1631. Gauhar Ara, however, survived the ...
, Mughal princess (d. 1706)
*
1682
Events
January–March
* January 7 – The Republic of Genoa forbids the unauthorized printing of newspapers and all handwritten newssheets; the ban is lifted after three months.
* January 12 – Scottish minister James Re ...
–
Charles XII
Charles XII, sometimes Carl XII ( sv, Karl XII) or Carolus Rex (17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), was King of Sweden (including current Finland) from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line o ...
, Swedish king (d. 1718)
*
1691
Events
January–March
* January 6 – King William III of England, who rules Scotland and Ireland as well as being the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, departs from Margate to tend to the affairs of the Netherlands.
* January 14 – A ...
–
Giovanni Paolo Panini
Giovanni Paolo Panini or Pannini (17 June 1691 – 21 October 1765) was an Italian painter and architect who worked in Rome and is primarily known as one of the '' vedutisti'' ("view painters"). As a painter, Panini is best known for his vistas of ...
, Italian painter and architect (d. 1765)
*
1693
Events
January–March
* January 11 – 1693 Sicily earthquake: Mount Etna erupts, causing a devastating earthquake that affects parts of Sicily and Malta.
* January 22 – A total lunar eclipse is visible across North and South America. ...
–
Johann Georg Walch
Johann Georg Walch (17 June 1693 – 13 January 1775) was a German Lutheran theologian.
Life
He was born in Meiningen, where his father, Georg Walch, was general superintendent. He studied at Leipzig and Jena, amongst his teachers being J. F. ...
, German theologian and author (d. 1775)
*
1704
In the Swedish calendar it was a leap year starting on Friday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.
Events
January–June
* January 7 – Partial solar eclipse, Solar Saros 146, is visible in A ...
–
John Kay, English engineer, invented the
Flying shuttle
The flying shuttle was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution. It allowed a single weaver to weave much wider fabrics, and it could be mechanized, allowing for automatic machine l ...
(d. 1780)
*
1714
Events
January–March
* January 21 – After being tricked into deserting a battle against India's Mughal Empire by the rebel Sayyid brothers, Prince Azz-ud-din Mirza is blinded on orders of the Emperor Farrukhsiyar as punishment.
* Feb ...
–
César-François Cassini de Thury
César-François Cassini de Thury (17 June 1714 – 4 September 1784), also called Cassini III or Cassini de Thury, was a French astronomer and cartographer.
Biography
Cassini de Thury was born in Thury-sous-Clermont, in the Oise departme ...
, French astronomer and cartographer (d. 1784)
*
1718
Events
January – March
* January 7 – In India, Sufi rebel leader Shah Inayat Shaheed from Sindh who had led attacks against the Mughal Empire, is beheaded days after being tricked into meeting with the Mughals to discuss ...
–
George Howard, English field marshal and politician,
Governor of Minorca
Below is a list of (known) governors of Menorca from the time of the British occupation in 1708 until the British relinquished control of the island for the last time in 1802.
Background
It was commonplace for governors to be absent from the isl ...
(d. 1796)
*
1778
Events
January–March
* January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook, with ships HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands of the Pacific Ocean, which he ...
–
Gregory Blaxland
Gregory Blaxland (17 June 1778 – 1 January 1853) was an English pioneer farmer and explorer in Australia, noted especially for initiating and co-leading the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains by European settlers.
Early life ...
, English-Australian explorer (d. 1853)
*
1800
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...
–
William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse
William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse (17 June 1800 – 31 October 1867), was an Irish astronomer, naturalist, and engineer. He was president of the Royal Society (UK), the most important association of naturalists in the world in the nineteenth ...
, English-Irish astronomer and politician (d. 1867)
*
1808
Events January–March
* January 1
** The importation of slaves into the United States is banned, as the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect; African slaves continue to be imported into Cuba, and until the island a ...
–
Henrik Wergeland
Henrik Arnold Thaulow Wergeland (17 June 1808 – 12 July 1845) was a Norwegian writer, most celebrated for his poetry but also a prolific playwright, polemicist, historian, and linguist. He is often described as a leading pioneer in the develo ...
, Norwegian poet, playwright, and linguist (d. 1845)
*
1810
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales.
* January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic.
* Ja ...
–
Ferdinand Freiligrath Ferdinand Freiligrath (17 June 1810 – 18 March 1876) was a German poet, translator and liberal agitator, who is considered part of the Young Germany movement.
Life
Freiligrath was born in Detmold, Principality of Lippe. His father was a teacher ...
, German poet and translator (d. 1876)
*
1811
Events
January–March
* January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes, in St. Charles and St. James Parishes, Louisiana.
* January 17 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Calderón B ...
–
Jón Sigurðsson
Jón Sigurðsson (17 June 1811 – 7 December 1879) was the leader of the 19th century Icelandic independence movement.
Biography
Born at Hrafnseyri, in Arnarfjörður in the Westfjords area of Iceland, he was the son of Þórdís Jónsdótti ...
, Icelandic scholar and politician (d. 1879)
*
1818
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Empire.
** Mary Shelley's ''Frankenstein'' is published anonymously in London.
* January 2 – ...
–
Charles Gounod
Charles-François Gounod (; ; 17 June 181818 October 1893), usually known as Charles Gounod, was a French composer. He wrote twelve operas, of which the most popular has always been '' Faust'' (1859); his '' Roméo et Juliette'' (1867) also rema ...
, French composer and academic (d. 1893)
* 1818 –
Sophie of Württemberg
Sophie of Württemberg (Sophie Friederike Matilda; 17 June 1818 – 3 June 1877) was Queen of the Netherlands as the first wife of King William III. Sophie separated from William in 1855 but continued to perform her duties as queen in public. ...
, queen of the Netherlands (d. 1877)
*
1821
Events
January–March
* January 21 – Peter I Island in the Antarctic is first sighted, by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen.
* January 28 – Alexander Island, the largest in Antarctica, is first discovered by Fabian Gottlieb von B ...
–
E. G. Squier, American archaeologist and journalist (d. 1888)
*
1832
Events
January–March
* January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society.
* January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plant ...
–
William Crookes
Sir William Crookes (; 17 June 1832 – 4 April 1919) was a British chemist and physicist who attended the Royal College of Chemistry, now part of Imperial College London, and worked on spectroscopy. He was a pioneer of vacuum tubes, inventing ...
, English chemist and physicist (d. 1919)
*
1833
Events January–March
* January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic.
* February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig of Bavaria assumes the title His Majesty Othon t ...
–
Manuel González Flores
Manuel del Refugio González Flores (18 June 1833 – 8 May 1893) was a Mexican military general and liberal politician who served as the 35th President of Mexico from 1880 to 1884. Before initiating his presidential career, González played ...
, Mexican general and president (d. 1893)
*
1858
Events
January–March
* January –
**Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president.
** William I of Prussia becomes regent ...
–
Eben Sumner Draper
Eben (sometimes incorrectly Ebenezer) Sumner Draper (June 17, 1858 – April 9, 1914) was an American businessman and politician from Massachusetts. He was for many years a leading figure in what later became the Draper Corporation, the ...
, American businessman and politician, 44th
Governor of Massachusetts
The governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the chief executive officer of the government of Massachusetts. The governor is the head of the state cabinet and the commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's military forces.
Massachuse ...
(d. 1914)
*
1861
Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry.
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City.
** The first steam- ...
–
Pete Browning
Louis Rogers "Pete" Browning (June 17, 1861 – September 10, 1905), nicknamed "Gladiator" and "The Louisville Slugger", was an American professional baseball center fielder and left fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1882 to ...
, American baseball player (d. 1905)
* 1861 –
Omar Bundy
Major General Omar Bundy (June 17, 1861 – January 20, 1940) was a career United States Army officer who was a veteran of the American Indian Wars, Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War, Pancho Villa Expedition, and World War I.
A n ...
, American general (d. 1940)
*
1863
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaim ...
–
Charles Michael, duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1934)
*
1865
Events
January–March
* January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City.
* January 13 – American Civil War : Second Battle of Fort Fisher ...
–
Susan La Flesche Picotte, Native American physician (d. 1915)
*
1867
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...
–
Flora Finch
Flora Finch (17 June 1867 – 4 January 1940) was an English-born vaudevillian, stage and film actress who starred in over 300 silent films, including over 200 for the Vitagraph Studios film company. The vast majority of her films from the sile ...
, English-American actress (d. 1940)
* 1867 –
John Robert Gregg
John Robert Gregg (17 June 1867 – 23 February 1948) was an Irish educator, publisher, humanitarian, and the inventor of the eponymous shorthand system Gregg Shorthand.
Life
Childhood
John Robert Gregg was born in Shantonagh, Ireland, as the ...
, Irish-born American educator, publisher, and humanitarian (d. 1948)
* 1867 –
Henry Lawson
Henry Archibald Hertzberg Lawson (17 June 1867 – 2 September 1922) was an Australian writer and bush poet. Along with his contemporary Banjo Paterson, Lawson is among the best-known Australian poets and fiction writers of the colonial perio ...
, Australian poet and author (d. 1922)
*
1871
Events January–March
* January 3 – Franco-Prussian War – Battle of Bapaume: Prussians win a strategic victory.
* January 18 – Proclamation of the German Empire: The member states of the North German Confederation and the sou ...
–
James Weldon Johnson
James Weldon Johnson (June 17, 1871June 26, 1938) was an American writer and civil rights activist. He was married to civil rights activist Grace Nail Johnson. Johnson was a leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored Peopl ...
, American author, journalist, and activist (d. 1938)
*
1876
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
** The Bass Brewery Red Triangle becomes the world's first registered trademark symbol.
* February 2 – The National League, National League of Professional Ba ...
–
William Carr, American rower (d. 1942)
* 1876 –
Edward Anthony Spitzka
Edward Anthony Spitzka (June 17, 1876 – September 4, 1922) was an American anatomist who autopsied (29 Oct 1901) the brain of Leon Czolgosz, the assassin of president William McKinley. (In 1881, his father Edward Charles Spitzka, a famous n ...
, American anatomist and author (d. 1922)
*
1880
Events
January–March
* January 22 – Toowong State School is founded in Queensland, Australia.
* January – The international White slave trade affair scandal in Brussels is exposed and attracts international infamy.
* February � ...
–
Carl Van Vechten, American author and photographer (d. 1964)
*
1881 –
Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer and promoter (d. 1955)
*
1882 –
Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Adolphus Frederick VI (17 June 1882 – 23 February 1918) was the last reigning grand duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
Early life
Adolphus Frederick George Ernest Albert Edward of Mecklenburg was born in Neustrelitz, the third child and eldest son of ...
(d. 1918)
* 1882 –
Igor Stravinsky
Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (6 April 1971) was a Russian composer, pianist and conductor, later of French (from 1934) and American (from 1945) citizenship. He is widely considered one of the most important and influential composers of the ...
, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1971)
*
1888
In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late ...
–
Heinz Guderian
Heinz Wilhelm Guderian (; 17 June 1888 – 14 May 1954) was a German general during World War II who, after the war, became a successful memoirist. An early pioneer and advocate of the "blitzkrieg" approach, he played a central role in th ...
, German general (d. 1954)
*
1897
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The International Alpha Omicron Pi sorority is founded, in New York City.
* January 4 – A British force is ambushed by Chief Ologbosere, son-in-law of the ruler. This leads to a punit ...
–
Maria Izilda de Castro Ribeiro, Brazilian girl,
popular saint (d. 1911)
*
1898
Events
January–March
* January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, B ...
–
M. C. Escher
Maurits Cornelis Escher (; 17 June 1898 – 27 March 1972) was a Dutch graphic artist who made mathematically inspired woodcuts, lithographs, and mezzotints.
Despite wide popular interest, Escher was for most of his life neglected in th ...
, Dutch illustrator (d. 1972)
* 1898 –
Carl Hermann
Carl Heinrich Hermann (17 June 1898 – 12 September 1961), or Carl Hermann , was a German physicist and crystallographer known for his research in crystallographic symmetry, nomenclature, and mathematical crystallography in N-dimensional spa ...
, German physicist and academic (d. 1961)
* 1898 –
Joe McKelvey
Joseph McKelvey (17 June 1898 – 8 December 1922) was an Irish Republican Army officer who was executed during the Irish Civil War. He participated in the anti-Treaty IRA's repudiation of the authority of the Dáil (civil government of the I ...
, Executed
Irish republican
Irish republicanism ( ga, poblachtánachas Éireannach) is the political movement for the unity and independence of Ireland under a republic. Irish republicans view British rule in any part of Ireland as inherently illegitimate.
The develop ...
(d. 1922)
* 1898 –
Harry Patch
Henry John Patch (17 June 1898 – 25 July 2009), dubbed in his later years "the Last Fighting Tommy", was an English supercentenarian, briefly the oldest man in Europe, and the last surviving trench combat soldier of the First World War from ...
, English soldier and firefighter (d. 2009)
*
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), ...
–
Martin Bormann
Martin Ludwig Bormann (17 June 1900 – 2 May 1945) was a German Nazi Party official and head of the Nazi Party Chancellery. He gained immense power by using his position as Adolf Hitler's private secretary to control the flow of information ...
, German politician (d. 1945)
* 1900 –
Evelyn Irons
Evelyn Graham Irons (17 June 1900 – 3 April 2000) was a Scottish journalist, the first female war correspondent to be decorated with the French Croix de Guerre.
Early life
Irons was born in Govan, Glasgow to Joseph Jones Irons, a stockbroker ...
, Scottish journalist and war correspondent (d. 2000)
1901–present
*
1902
Events
January
* January 1
** The Nurses Registration Act 1901 comes into effect in New Zealand, making it the first country in the world to require state registration of nurses. On January 10, Ellen Dougherty becomes the world's ...
–
Sammy Fain
Sammy Fain (born Samuel E. Feinberg; June 17, 1902 – December 6, 1989) was an American composer of popular music. In the 1920s and early 1930s, he contributed numerous songs that form part of The Great American Songbook, and to Broadway theatr ...
, American pianist and composer (d. 1989)
* 1902 –
Alec Hurwood, Australian cricketer (d. 1982)
*
1903
Events January
* January 1 – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India.
* January 19 – The first west–east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England (the first east–west broadcast having been ...
– Ruth Graves Wakefield, American chef, created the chocolate chip cookie (d. 1977)
*1904 – Ralph Bellamy, American actor (d. 1991)
* 1904 – J. Vernon McGee, American pastor and theologian (d. 1988)
* 1904 – Patrice Tardif (politician), Patrice Tardif, Canadian farmer and politician (d. 1989)
*1907 – Maurice Cloche, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1990)
*1909 – Elmer L. Andersen, American businessman and politician, 30th Governor of Minnesota (d. 2004)
* 1909 – Ralph E. Winters, Canadian-American film editor (d. 2004)
*
1910
Events
January
* January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas ''Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York Ci ...
– Red Foley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1968)
* 1910 – George Hees, Canadian football player and politician (d. 1996)
*1914 – John Hersey, American journalist and author (d. 1993)
*1915 – David "Stringbean" Akeman, American singer and banjo player (d. 1973)
* 1915 – Marcel Cadieux, Canadian civil servant and diplomat, Canadian Ambassador to the United States (d. 1981)
*1916 – Terry Gilkyson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
*1917 – Dufferin Roblin, Canadian politician, 14th Premier of Manitoba (d. 2010)
*1918 – Ajahn Chah, Thai monk and educator (d. 1992)
*1919 – William Kaye Estes, American psychologist and academic (d. 2011)
* 1919 – John Moffat (Royal Navy officer), John Moffat, Scottish lieutenant and pilot (d. 2016)
* 1919 – Beryl Reid, English actress (d. 1996)
*1920 – Jacob H. Gilbert, American lawyer and politician (d. 1981)
* 1920 – Setsuko Hara, Japanese actress (d. 2015)
* 1920 – François Jacob, French biologist and geneticist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
* 1920 – Peter Le Cheminant, English air marshal and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (d. 2018)
*
1922
Events
January
* January 7 – Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes.
* January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éireann, the day after Éamon de Valera ...
– John Amis, English journalist and critic (d. 2013)
*1923 – Elroy Hirsch, American football player (d. 2004)
* 1923 – Arnold S. Relman, American physician and academic (d. 2014)
* 1923 – Dale C. Thomson, Canadian historian and academic (d. 1999)
*1925 – Alexander Shulgin, American pharmacologist and chemist (d. 2014)
*1927 – Martin Böttcher, German composer and conductor (d. 2019)
* 1927 – Wally Wood, American author, illustrator, and publisher (d. 1981)
*1928 – Juan María Bordaberry, President of Uruguay (d. 2011)
*
1929
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholi ...
– Bud Collins, American journalist and sportscaster (d. 2016)
* 1929 – Tigran Petrosian, Armenian chess player (d. 1984)
*
1930
Events
January
* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be ...
– Cliff Gallup, American rock & roll guitarist (d. 1988)
* 1930 – Brian Statham, English cricketer (d. 2000)
*1931 – John Baldessari, American painter and illustrator (d. 2020)
*
1932 – Derek Ibbotson, English runner (d. 2017)
* 1932 – John Murtha, American colonel and politician (d. 2010)
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wis ...
– Harry Browne, American soldier and politician (d. 2006)
* 1933 – Christian Ferras, French violinist (d. 1982)
* 1933 – Maurice Stokes, American basketball player (d. 1970)
*1936 – Vern Harper, Canadian tribal leader and activist (d. 2018)
* 1936 – Ken Loach, English director, producer, and screenwriter
*1937 – Peter Fitzgerald (footballer), Peter Fitzgerald, Irish footballer and manager (d. 2013)
* 1937 – Ted Nelson, American sociologist and philosopher
* 1937 – Clodovil Hernandes, Brazilian fashion designer, television presenter and politician (d. 2009)
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
– George Akerlof, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize in Economics, Nobel Prize laureate
* 1940 – Bobby Bell, American football player
* 1940 – Chuck Rainey, American bassist
*1941 – Nicholas C. Handy, English chemist and academic (d. 2012)
*1942 – Mohamed ElBaradei, Egyptian politician, Vice President of Egypt, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize laureate
* 1942 – Doğu Perinçek, Turkish lawyer and politician
* 1942 – Roger Steffens, American actor and producer
*1943 – Newt Gingrich, American historian and politician, 58th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
* 1943 – Barry Manilow, American singer-songwriter and producer
* 1943 – Chantal Mouffe, Belgian theorist and author
* 1943 – Burt Rutan, American engineer and pilot
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in No ...
– Randy Johnson (quarterback), Randy Johnson, American football player (d. 2009)
* 1944 – Chris Spedding, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
*1945 – Tommy Franks, American general
* 1945 – Ken Livingstone, English politician, 1st Mayor of London
* 1945 – Eddy Merckx, Belgian cyclist and sportscaster
* 1945 – Art Bell, American broadcaster and author (d. 2018)
*1946 – Peter Rosei, Austrian author, poet, and playwright
*1947 – Christopher Allport, American actor (d. 2008)
* 1947 – Timothy Wright, American gospel singer, pastor (d. 2009)
* 1947 – Linda Chavez, American journalist and author
* 1947 – George S. Clinton, American composer and songwriter
* 1947 – Gregg Rolie, American rock singer-songwriter and keyboard player
* 1947 – Paul Young (singer, born 1947), Paul Young, English singer-songwriter (d. 2000)
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
– Dave Concepción, Venezuelan baseball player and manager
* 1948 – Jacqueline Jones, American historian and academic
* 1948 – Aurelio López, Mexican baseball player and politician (d. 1992)
* 1948 – Karol Sikora, English physician and academic
*1949 – Snakefinger, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1987)
* 1949 – John Craven (economist), John Craven, English economist and academic
* 1949 – Russell Smith (singer), Russell Smith, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
*1950 – Lee Tamahori, New Zealand film director
*1951 – Starhawk, American author and activist
* 1951 – John Garrett (ice hockey), John Garrett, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
* 1951 – Joe Piscopo, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh ...
– Mike Milbury, American ice hockey player, coach, and manager
* 1952 – Estelle Morris, Baroness Morris of Yardley, English educator and politician, Secretary of State for Education
*
1953 – Vernon Coaker, English educator and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
* 1953 – Juan Muñoz (sculptor), Juan Muñoz, Spanish sculptor and storyteller (d. 2001)
*1954 – Mark Linn-Baker, American actor and director
*1955 – Mati Laur, Estonian historian, author, and academic
* 1955 – Bob Sauvé, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
* 1955 – Cem Hakko, Turkish fashion designer and businessman
*1956 – Iain Milne, Scottish rugby player
*1957 – Philip Chevron, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2013)
* 1957 – Martin Dillon (musician), Martin Dillon, American tenor and educator (d. 2005)
* 1957 – Uģis Prauliņš, Latvian composer
*
1958 – Pierre Berbizier, French rugby player and coach
* 1958 – Jello Biafra, American singer-songwriter and producer
* 1958 – Bobby Farrelly, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1958 – Sam Hamad, Syrian-Canadian academic and politician
* 1958 – Jon Leibowitz, American lawyer and politician
* 1958 – Daniel McVicar, American actor
*1959 – Carol Anderson, American author and historian
* 1959 – Lawrence Haddad, South African-English economist and academic
* 1959 – Nikos Stavropoulos, Greek basketball player and coach
*
1960
It is also known as the " Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism.
Events
January
* J ...
– Adrián Campos, Spanish race car driver (d. 2021)
* 1960 – Thomas Haden Church, American actor
*1961 – Kōichi Yamadera, Japanese actor and singer
*1962 – Michael Monroe, Finnish singer-songwriter and saxophonist
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...
– Greg Kinnear, American actor, television presenter, and producer
*1964 – Rinaldo Capello, Italian race car driver
* 1964 – Michael Gross (swimmer), Michael Gross, German swimmer
* 1964 – Steve Rhodes, English cricketer and coach
*1965 – Dermontti Dawson, American football player and coach
* 1965 – Dana Eskelson, American actress.
* 1965 – Dan Jansen, American speed skater and sportscaster
* 1965 – Dara O'Kearney, Irish runner and poker player
*1966 – Mohammed Ghazy Al-Akhras, Iraqi journalist and author
* 1966 – Tory Burch, American fashion designer and philanthropist
* 1966 – Ken Clark (running back), Ken Clark, American football player (d. 2013)
* 1966 – Diane Modahl, English runner
* 1966 – Jason Patric, American actor
*
1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...
– Dorothea Röschmann, German soprano and actress
* 1967 – Eric Stefani, American keyboard player and composer
*1968 – Steve Georgallis, Australian rugby league player and coach
* 1968 – Minoru Suzuki, Japanese wrestler and mixed martial artist
*1969 – Paul Tergat, Kenyan runner
* 1969 – Geoff Toovey, Australian rugby league player and coach
* 1969 – Ilya Tsymbalar, Ukrainian-Russian footballer and manager (d. 2013)
*1970 – Stéphane Fiset, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1970 – Will Forte, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
* 1970 – Jason Hanson, American football player
* 1970 – Popeye Jones, American basketball player and coach
* 1970 – Michael Showalter, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1970 – Alan Dowson, English football manager and former professional player
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
– Paulina Rubio, Mexican pop singer
* 1971 – Mildred Fox, Irish politician
*1973 – Leander Paes, Indian tennis player
*1974 – Evangelia Psarra, Greek archer
*1975 – Joshua Leonard, American actor, director, and screenwriter
* 1975 – Juan Carlos Valerón, Spanish footballer
* 1975 – Phiyada Akkraseranee, Thai actress and model
*1976 – Scott Adkins, English actor and martial artist
* 1976 – Sven Nys, Belgian cyclist
*1977 – Bartosz Brożek, Polish philosopher and jurist
* 1977 – Tjaša Jezernik, Slovenian tennis player
* 1977 – Mark Tauscher, American football player and sportscaster
*1978 – Isabelle Delobel, French ice dancer
* 1978 – Travis Roche, Canadian ice hockey player
*1979 – Nick Rimando, American soccer player
* 1979 – Tyson Apostol, American television personality
* 1979 – Young Maylay, American rapper, producer, and voice actor
*1980 – Elisa Rigaudo, Italian race walker
* 1980 – Jeph Jacques, American author and illustrator
* 1980 – Venus Williams, American tennis player
*1981 – Kyle Boller, American football player
* 1981 – Shane Watson, Australian cricketer
*1982 – Alex Rodrigo Dias da Costa, Brazilian footballer
* 1982 – Marek Svatoš, Slovak ice hockey player (d. 2016)
* 1982 – Stanislava Hrozenská, Slovak tennis player
* 1982 – Stefan Hodgetts, English racing driver
* 1982 – Arthur Darvill, English actor
* 1982 – Jodie Whittaker, English actress
*1983 – Lee Ryan, English singer/actor
* 1983 – Vlasis Kazakis, Greek footballer
*1984 – Michael Mathieu, Bahamian sprinter
* 1984 – Si Tianfeng, Chinese race walker
*
1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
– Özge Akın, Turkish sprinter
* 1985 – Marcos Baghdatis, Cypriot tennis player
* 1985 – Rafael Sóbis, Brazilian footballer
*1986 – Apoula Edel, Armenian footballer
* 1986 – Helen Glover (rower), Helen Glover, English rower
*
1987
File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airpor ...
– Kendrick Lamar, American rapper
* 1987 – Nozomi Tsuji, Japanese singer and actress
*1988 – Andrew Ogilvy, Australian basketball player
* 1988 – Shaun MacDonald, Welsh footballer
* 1988 – Stephanie Rice, Australian swimmer
*
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxon Valdez oil tanker ru ...
– Georgios Tofas, Cypriot footballer
* 1989 – Simone Battle, American singer and actress (d. 2014)
*1990 – Jordan Henderson, English footballer
* 1990 – Josh Mansour, Australian rugby league player
*
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...
– Daniel Tupou, Australian-Tongan rugby league player
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson Ma ...
– Amari Cooper, American football player
*1995 – Clément Lenglet, French footballer
*1997 – KJ Apa, New Zealand actor
*1997 – Raluca Șerban, Romanian-Cypriot tennis player
*1999 – Elena Rybakina, Kazakhstani tennis player
Deaths
Pre-1600
* 656 – Uthman, caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate (b. 579)
* 676 – Pope Adeodatus II, Adeodatus, pope of the Catholic Church
* 811 – Sakanoue no Tamuramaro, Japanese shōgun (b. 758)
* 850 – Tachibana no Kachiko, Japanese empress (b. 786)
* 900 – Fulk (archbishop of Reims), Fulk, French archbishop and chancellor
*1025 – Bolesław I the Brave, Polish king (b. 967)
*1091 – Dirk V, Count of Holland, Dirk V, count of Holland (b. 1052)
*1207 – Ji Gong, Daoji, Chinese buddhist monk (b. 1130)
*1219 – David, Earl of Huntingdon, David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon
*1361 – Ingeborg of Norway, princess consort and regent of Sweden (b. 1301)
*1400 – Jan of Jenštejn, archbishop of Prague (b. 1348)
*1463 – Catherine of Portugal (nun), Catherine of Portugal, Portuguese princess (b. 1436)
*1501 – John I Albert, Polish king (b. 1459)
*
1565 –
Ashikaga Yoshiteru
, also known as Yoshifushi or Yoshifuji, was the 13th ''shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1546 to 1565 during the late Muromachi period of Japan. He was the eldest son of the 12th ''shōgun'', Ashikaga Yoshiharu, and his moth ...
, Japanese shōgun (b. 1536)
1601–1900
*
1631
Events
January–March
* January 23 – Thirty Years' War: Sweden and France sign the Treaty of Bärwalde, a military alliance in which France provides funds for the Swedish army invading northern Germany.
* February 5 &nda ...
–
Mumtaz Mahal
Mumtaz Mahal (/'/; ), born Arjumand Banu Begum (27 April 1593 – 17 June 1631) was the empress consort of the Mughal Empire from 19 January 1628 to 17 June 1631 as the chief consort of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. The Taj Mahal in Agra, of ...
, Mughal princess (b. 1593)
*1649 – Injo of Joseon, Korean king (b. 1595)
*1674 – Jijabai, Dowager Queen, mother of Shivaji (b. 1598)
*1694 – Philip Howard (cardinal), Philip Howard, English cardinal (b. 1629)
*1696 – John III Sobieski, Polish king (b. 1629)
*1719 – Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician (b. 1672)
*1734 – Claude Louis Hector de Villars, French general and politician, Minister of Defence (France), French Secretary of State for War (b. 1653)
*1740 – Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1687)
*1762 – Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon, French poet and playwright (b. 1674)
*1771 – Daskalogiannis, Greek rebel leader (b. 1722)
*
1775
Events
Summary
The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
– John Pitcairn, Scottish-English soldier (b. 1722)
*1797 – Mohammad Khan Qajar, Persian tribal chief (b. 1742)
*1813 – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, Scottish-English admiral and politician (b. 1726)
*
1821
Events
January–March
* January 21 – Peter I Island in the Antarctic is first sighted, by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen.
* January 28 – Alexander Island, the largest in Antarctica, is first discovered by Fabian Gottlieb von B ...
– Martín Miguel de Güemes, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1785)
*
1839
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre.
* January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years.
* January 9 � ...
– Lord William Bentinck, English general and politician, 14th Governor-General of India (b. 1774)
*1866 – Joseph Méry, French poet and author (b. 1798)
*1889 – Lozen, Chiracaua Apache warrior woman (b. ~1840)
*
1898
Events
January–March
* January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, B ...
– Edward Burne-Jones, English soldier and painter (b. 1833)
1901–present
*1904 – Nikolay Bobrikov, Russian soldier and politician, Governor-General of Finland (b. 1839)
*1914 – Julien Félix, French military officer and aviator (b. 1869)
*1936 – Julius Seljamaa, Estonian journalist, politician, and diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs (Estonia), Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1883)
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidde ...
– Allen Sothoron, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1893)
* 1939 –
Eugen Weidmann
Eugen Weidmann (5 February 1908 - 17 June 1939) was a German criminal and serial-killer who was executed by guillotine in France in June 1939, the last public execution in France.
Early life
Weidmann was born in Frankfurt am Main to the family ...
, German criminal (b. 1908)
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
– Arthur Harden, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
*1941 – Johan Wagenaar, Dutch organist and composer (b. 1862)
*1942 – Charles Fitzpatrick, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1853)
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh ...
– Jack Parsons (rocket engineer), Jack Parsons, American chemist and engineer (b. 1914)
*1954 – Danny Cedrone, American guitarist and bandleader (b. 1920)
*1956 – Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry, English businessman (b. 1878)
* 1956 – Paul Rostock, German surgeon and academic (b. 1892)
* 1956 – Bob Sweikert, American race car driver (b. 1926)
*1957 – Dorothy Richardson, English journalist and author (b. 1873)
* 1957 – J. R. Williams, Canadian-American cartoonist (b. 1888)
*1961 – Jeff Chandler, American actor (b. 1918)
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...
– Aleksander Kesküla, Estonian politician (b. 1882)
*1968 – José Nasazzi, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1901)
*1974 – Refik Koraltan, Turkish lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (b. 1889)
*1975 – James Phinney Baxter III, American historian and academic (b. 1893)
*1979 – Hubert Ashton, English cricketer and politician (b. 1898)
* 1979 – Duffy Lewis, American baseball player and manager (b. 1888)
*1981 – Richard O'Connor, Indian-English general (b. 1889)
* 1981 – Zerna Sharp, American author and educator (b. 1889)
*1982 – Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (b. 1920)
*1983 – Peter Mennin, American composer and educator (b. 1923)
*
1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
– John Boulting, English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1913)
*1986 – Kate Smith, American singer (b. 1907)
*
1987
File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airpor ...
– Dick Howser, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1936)
*1996 – Thomas Kuhn, American historian and philosopher (b. 1922)
* 1996 – Curt Swan, American illustrator (b. 1920)
*1999 – Basil Hume, English cardinal (b. 1923)
*2000 – Ismail Mahomed, South African lawyer and jurist, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (b. 1931)
*2001 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1919)
* 2001 – Thomas Winning, Scottish cardinal (b. 1925)
*2002 – Willie Davenport, American sprinter and hurdler (b. 1943)
* 2002 – Fritz Walter, German footballer (b. 1920)
*2004 – Gerry McNeil, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1926)
*2006 – Bussunda, Brazilian comedian (b. 1962)
*2007 – Gianfranco Ferré, Italian fashion designer (b. 1944)
* 2007 – Serena Wilson, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1933)
*2008 – Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (b. 1922)
*2009 – Ralf Dahrendorf, German-English sociologist and politician (b. 1929)
* 2009 – Darrell Powers, American sergeant (b. 1923)
*2011 – Rex Mossop, Australian rugby player and sportscaster (b. 1928)
*2012 – Stéphane Brosse, French mountaineer (b. 1971)
* 2012 – Patricia Brown (baseball), Patricia Brown, American baseball player (b. 1931)
* 2012 – Nathan Divinsky, Canadian mathematician and chess player (b. 1925)
* 2012 – Rodney King, American victim of police brutality (b. 1965)
* 2012 – Fauzia Wahab, Pakistani actress and politician (b. 1956)
*2013 – Michael Baigent, New Zealand-English theorist and author (b. 1948)
* 2013 – Atiqul Haque Chowdhury, Bangladeshi playwright and producer (b. 1930)
* 2013 – Pierre F. Côté, Canadian lawyer and civil servant (b. 1927)
* 2013 – Bulbs Ehlers, American basketball player (b. 1923)
* 2013 – James Holshouser, American politician, 68th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1934)
*2014 – Patsy Byrne, English actress (b. 1933)
* 2014 – Éric Dewailly, Canadian epidemiologist and academic (b. 1954)
* 2014 – Stanley Marsh 3, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1938)
* 2014 – Arnold S. Relman, American physician and academic (b. 1923)
* 2014 – Larry Zeidel, Canadian-American ice hockey player and sportscaster (b. 1928)
*
2015
File:2015 Events Collage new.png, From top left, clockwise: Civil service in remembrance of November 2015 Paris attacks; Germanwings Flight 9525 was purposely crashed into the French Alps; the rubble of residences in Kathmandu following the April ...
– Ron Clarke, Australian runner and politician, Mayor of the Gold Coast (b. 1937)
* 2015 – John David Crow, American football player and coach (b. 1935)
* 2015 – Süleyman Demirel, Turkish engineer and politician, 9th President of Turkey (b. 1924)
* 2015 – Roberto M. Levingston, Argentinian general and politician, 36th President of Argentina (b. 1920)
* 2015 – Clementa C. Pinckney, American minister and politician (b. 1973)
*
2017
File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
– Baldwin Lonsdale, president of Vanuatu (b. 1948)
*2019 – Gloria Vanderbilt, American artist, author actress, fashion designer, heiress and socialite (b. 1924)
* 2019 – Mohamed Morsi, Egyptian professor and politician, first elected List of presidents of Egypt, president of Egypt after 2011 Egyptian revolution, Egyptian revolution (b. 1951)
*
2021
File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October 2021 coup in Sudan; Crowd shortly after t ...
– Kenneth Kaunda, Zambian educator and politician, first president of Zambia (b. 1924)
Holidays and observances
*Christian feast day:
**Albert Chmielowski
**Botolph (England and Scandinavia)
**Gondulphus of Berry
**Saint Hervé, Hervé
**Hypatius of Bithynia (Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic Churches)
**Rainerius
**Samuel Barnett (reformer), Samuel and Henrietta Barnett (Calendar of saints (Church of England), Church of England)
**June 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Father's Day (El Salvador, Guatemala)
*Icelandic National Day, celebrates the independence of
Iceland
Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its ...
from Kingdom of Denmark in 1944.
*June 2017 Portugal wildfires, National Day of Remembrance for the Victims of Forest Fires (
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, In recognized minority languages of Portugal:
:* mwl, República Pertuesa is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula, in Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Macaronesian ...
)
*Occupation of the Latvian Republic Day (
Latvia
Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...
)
*World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought (International observance, international)
*Zemla Intifada, Zemla Intifada Day (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic)
References
External links
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:June 17
Days of the year
June