Events

January–March

January 5 Events Pre-1600 * 1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 * 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French ...

– Battle of Surat in India: The

Maratha The Marathi people (; Marathi: , ''Marāṭhī lōk'') or Marathis (Marathi: मराठी, ''Marāṭhī'') are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are native to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-A ...

leader, Chhatrapati

Shivaji Shivaji I (Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsale, ; 19 February 1630 – 3 April 1680) was an Indian ruler and a member of the Bhonsle dynasty. Shivaji carved out his own independent kingdom from the Sultanate of Bijapur that formed the genesis of the ...

, defeats the

Mughal Army The army of the Mughal Empire was the force by which the Mughal emperors established their empire in the 16th century and expanded it to its greatest extent at the beginning of the 18th century. Although its origins, like the Mughals themselve ...

Captain Inayat Khan, and sacks

Surat Surat (Gujarati Language, Gujarati: ) is a city in the western Indian States and territories of India, state of Gujarat. The word Surat directly translates to ''face'' in Urdu, Gujarati language, Gujarati and Hindi. Located on the banks of t ...

. *

January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of the Roman Republic, Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army, prompting the tribunes who support him to flee to where Caesar is waiting in Ravenna ...

– Indian entrepreneur Virji Vora, described in the 17th century by the English East India Company as the richest merchant in the world, suffers the loss of a large portion of his wealth when the Maratha troops of Shivaji plunder his residence at Surat and his business warehouses. *

February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of " Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: ...

–

Jesuit The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rom ...

missionary

Johann Grueber Johann Grueber or Grüber (28 October 1623 30 September 1680) was an Austrian Jesuit missionary who served as an explorer of China and Tibet. He worked as an imperial astronomer in China. Life Grueber was born in Linz on 28 October 1623. He jo ...

arrives in

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

after a 214-day journey that had started in

Beijing Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as ...

, proving that commerce can be had between Europe and Asia by land rather than ship. *

February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Pope Urban II confirms the foundation of the abbey of La Roë under Robert of Arbrissel as a community of canons regular. * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sofia performed the first post- ...

– The Treaty of Pisa is signed between France and the Papal States to bring an end to the Corsican Guard Affair that began on August 20, 1662, when the French ambassador was shot and killed by soldiers in the employ of Pope Alexander VII. *

February 14 It is observed in most countries as Valentine's Day. Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution#Persian phase, Abbasid Revolution: The Kaysanites Shia#History, Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad ...

– A peace treaty is signed in

Turin Turin ( , ; ; , then ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is main ...

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

to end the War of the Banished between the

Duchy of Savoy The Duchy of Savoy (; ) was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy. It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy f ...

and the

Waldensians The Waldensians, also known as Waldenses (), Vallenses, Valdesi, or Vaudois, are adherents of a church tradition that began as an ascetic movement within Western Christianity before the Reformation. Originally known as the Poor of Lyon in the l ...

. *

February 26 Events Pre-1600 * 747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events. * 320 – Chandragupta ...

–

Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy (; – 1670) was a French military leader, statesman, and the seigneur of Tracy-le-Val and Tracy-le-Mont in Picardy, France. A professional soldier, he was a regimental commander during the Thirty Years Wars, a ...

, appointed by King

Louis XIV LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reign ...

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

as Lieutenant Général of the Americas, departs from the port of

La Rochelle La Rochelle (, , ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''La Rochéle'') is a city on the west coast of France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime Departments of France, department. Wi ...

with 1,200 men and seven ships to expand France's property in the Caribbean Sea and in South America. *

March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of th ...

– King

Charles II of England Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and King of Ireland, Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest su ...

makes royal charter for territory in North America that leases to his brother,

James, Duke of York James II and VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701) was King of England and Monarchy of Ireland, Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II of England, Charles II, on 6 February 1 ...

, a patent for a large amount of land in what is now the northeastern United States. According to the Charter, James receives "all that part of the mayne land of

New England New England is a region consisting of six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York (state), New York to the west and by the ...

" between " New Scotland in America" and the river of Kenebeque", along with "Mattowacks or

Long Island Long Island is a densely populated continental island in southeastern New York (state), New York state, extending into the Atlantic Ocean. It constitutes a significant share of the New York metropolitan area in both population and land are ...

" and "Martins Vineyard and Nantukes", and the lands between the " Connecticutte and Hudsons rivers" and the lands "from the west side of " Connecticutte to the east side De la Warre Bay". The lease, which includes the territory claimed by the Dutch Republic as

New Netherland New Netherland () was a colony of the Dutch Republic located on the East Coast of what is now the United States. The claimed territories extended from the Delmarva Peninsula to Cape Cod. Settlements were established in what became the states ...

is for most of the U.S. state of

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

and parts of

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

and

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

. *

March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...

– Polish astronomer Jan Heweliusz becomes the first native of Poland to be inducted into England's Royal Society.

April–June

April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor ...

– All grants to the Compagnie des Isles de l'Amerique for development of French-claimed islands in the Caribbean Sea are revoked by King

, including the rights to the islands of

Martinique Martinique ( ; or ; Kalinago language, Kalinago: or ) is an island in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, in the eastern Caribbean Sea. It was previously known as Iguanacaera which translates to iguana island in Carib language, Kariʼn ...

and

Saint Lucia Saint Lucia is an island country of the West Indies in the eastern Caribbean. Part of the Windward Islands of the Lesser Antilles, it is located north/northeast of the island of Saint Vincent (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines), Saint Vincent ...

that had been sold to

Marie Bonnard du Parquet Marie Bonnard du Parquet (died 1659) was the wife of Jacques Dyel du Parquet, one of the first governors of Martinique, who purchased the island in 1650. When her husband died she tried to act as governor in the name of her children, but was force ...

prior to her death in 1659. *

April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V, effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victor ...

– Juan Alonso de Cuevas y Dávalos is appointed as the new Roman Catholic Archbishop of Mexico by

Pope Alexander VII Pope Alexander VII (; 13 February 159922 May 1667), born Fabio Chigi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 April 1655 to his death, in May 1667. He began his career as a vice- papal legate, and he held various d ...

, to allow Archbishop Mateo de Sagade de Bugueyro to return to

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

. Archbishop Cuevas is installed on November 15 upon his arrival in Mexico City. *

May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. * 1386 – England and Portugal formall ...

–

Robert Hooke Robert Hooke (; 18 July 16353 March 1703) was an English polymath who was active as a physicist ("natural philosopher"), astronomer, geologist, meteorologist, and architect. He is credited as one of the first scientists to investigate living ...

discovers

Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the List of Solar System objects by size, largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a Jupiter mass, mass more than 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined a ...

Great Red Spot The Great Red Spot is a persistent high-pressure area, high-pressure region in the atmosphere of Jupiter, producing an anticyclonic storm that is the largest in the Solar System. It is the most recognizable feature on Jupiter, owing to its red-o ...

. *

May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the ...

– The original version of ''

Tartuffe ''Tartuffe, or The Impostor, or The Hypocrite'' (; , ), first performed in 1664, is a theatrical comedy (or more specifically, a farce) by Molière. The characters of Tartuffe, Elmire, and Orgon are considered among the greatest classical theat ...

'', a comedy by French playwright and actor

Molière Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (; 15 January 1622 (baptised) – 17 February 1673), known by his stage name Molière (, ; ), was a French playwright, actor, and poet, widely regarded as one of the great writers in the French language and world liter ...

, is given its first performance, staged at the

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, in the Yvelines, Yvelines Department of Île-de-France, Île-de-France region in Franc ...

May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurpe ...

– Guerin Spranger, commander of the Dutch fortress at

Cayenne Cayenne (; ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and capital city of French Guiana, an overseas region and Overseas department, department of France located in South America. The city stands on a former island at the mouth of the Caye ...

in South America, surrenders without a fight to French commander

and 1,200 employees of the Compagnie de la France équinoxiale, giving France control of the territory that becomes the colony of

French Guiana French Guiana, or Guyane in French, is an Overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies. Bordered by Suriname to the west ...

. *

May 28 Events Pre-1600 * 585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...

– King Louis XIV of France establishes the Compagnie des Indes Occidentales by royal decree to replace the recently cancelled Compagnie des Isles de l'Amerique. *

June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Philippikos Ba ...

– In the city of

Mantua Mantua ( ; ; Lombard language, Lombard and ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Italian region of Lombardy, and capital of the Province of Mantua, eponymous province. In 2016, Mantua was designated as the "Italian Capital of Culture". In 2 ...

, the world's oldest continuously published private newspaper, '' Gazzetta di Mantova'', publishes its first-known issue. The newspaper would celebrate its 350th anniversary in

2014 The year 2014 was marked by the surge of the Western African Ebola epidemic, West African Ebola epidemic, which began in 2013, becoming the List of Ebola outbreaks, most widespread outbreak of the Ebola, Ebola virus in human history, resul ...

. *

June 5 Events Pre-1600 * 830 – Theodora is crowned Byzantine empress and marries then emperor Theophilos in the Hagia Sophia. She is credited with restoring orthodoxy and the icons. * 1086 – Tutush, brother of Seljuk sultan Malik Sh ...

– The siege of the Croatian fortress at Novi Zrin (located near the village of Donja Dubrava in

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

near its border with

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

). After a 32-day defense, the Croatian defenders surrender to troops of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

. *

June 9 Events Pre-1600 * 411 BC – The Athenian coup succeeds, forming a short-lived oligarchy. * 53 – The Roman emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia. * 68 – Nero dies by suicide after quoting Vergil's ''Aeneid'', thus ending the J ...

– Kronenbourg Brewery (Brasseries Kronenbourg) is founded in

Strasbourg Strasbourg ( , ; ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est Regions of France, region of Geography of France, eastern France, in the historic region of Alsace. It is the prefecture of the Bas-Rhin Departmen ...

. *

June 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa. * 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...

– The

Second Anglo-Dutch War The Second Anglo-Dutch War, began on 4 March 1665, and concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Breda (1667), Treaty of Breda on 31 July 1667. It was one in a series of Anglo-Dutch Wars, naval wars between Kingdom of England, England and the D ...

carries over to North America as soldiers of the English Army invade the Dutch colony of

, promised by King Charles II of England to his brother, the Duke of York. By October, the Dutch Republic surrenders the colony to the English and New Netherland (and its largest city,

New Amsterdam New Amsterdam (, ) was a 17th-century Dutch Empire, Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The initial trading ''Factory (trading post), fac ...

) are renamed in honor of York.

July–September

August 1 Events Pre-1600 * 30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt u ...

– Battle of Saint Gotthard: The

is defeated by a

Habsburg The House of Habsburg (; ), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most powerful dynasties in the history of Europe and Western civilization. They were best known for their inbreeding and for ruling vast realms throughout Europe d ...

army, led by

Raimondo Montecuccoli Raimondo Montecuccoli (; 21 February 1609 – 16 October 1680) was an Italian-born professional soldier, military theorist, and diplomat, who served the Habsburg monarchy. Experiencing the Thirty Years' War from scratch as a simple footsoldier, ...

, leading to the Peace of Vasvár. *

August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and foun ...

– Sir John Lisle, a former member of the English House of Commons who had been designated a

regicide Regicide is the purposeful killing of a monarch or sovereign of a polity and is often associated with the usurpation of power. A regicide can also be the person responsible for the killing. The word comes from the Latin roots of ''regis'' ...

for his role in signing the death warrant in the execution in

1649 Events January–March * January 4 – In England, the Rump Parliament passes an ordinance to set up a High Court of Justice, to try Charles I for high treason. * January 17 – The Second Ormonde Peace concludes an allian ...

Charles I of England Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland from 27 March 1625 until Execution of Charles I, his execution in 1649. Charles was born ...

, is assassinated in a church courtyard in

Lausanne Lausanne ( , ; ; ) is the capital and largest List of towns in Switzerland, city of the Swiss French-speaking Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Vaud, in Switzerland. It is a hilly city situated on the shores of Lake Geneva, about halfway bet ...

in Switzerland. Lisle had gone into exile after the restoration of the monarchy in 1660. The shooting of Lisle, done on order of King Charles II, is carried out by a team led by royal agent James Cotter. *

August 27 Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days. * 1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England. * 1232 – Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the ...

– The French East India Company (''Compagnie des Indes Orientales'') is founded. *

September 8 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – After the capture of Herod's Palace the previous day, a Roman army under Titus secures and plunders the city of Jerusalem. * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path ...

(August 29 O.S.) –

Peter Stuyvesant Peter Stuyvesant ( – August 1672)Mooney, James E. "Stuyvesant, Peter" in p.1256 was a Dutch colonial administrator who served as the Directors of New Netherland, director-general of New Netherland from 1647 to 1664, when the colony was pro ...

Director-General A director general, general director or director-general (plural: ''directors general'', ''general directors'', ''directors-general'', ''director generals'' or ''director-generals'') is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer ...

of the

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. It was a predecessor state of the present-day Netherlands ...

colony of

, surrenders

to an English naval squadron, commanded by Colonel Richard Nicolls, without bloodshed. The English promptly rename the fledgling city New York City, New York, after the James II of England, Duke of York (later King James II). * September 23 – The French Navy ship French ship Tigre (1642), ''Tigre'' sinks off of the coast of the island of Sardinia, with the loss of 64 men. Another 58 of the crew are rescued.

October–December

* October 4 –

is Conquest of New Netherland, captured by England. * October 28 – The "James II of England, Duke of York and Albany's maritime regiment of foot" is formed in London and serves as a precursor to the Royal Marines of the United Kingdom. * October 31 – Surrounded by a Berber people, Berber army, the French Navy evacuates the presidio of Jijel, a Mediterranean Sea port in what is now the Republic of Algeria, after having captured it from the Ottoman Algeria, Algiers Regency on June 12. * November 6 – The oldest hospital in India, the Government General Hospital, is opened at Madras by the English East India Company for the treatment of ill soldiers. * November 17 – Lithuanian colonist Jacob Kettler, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, Duke of Courland, gives up all of his rights to his African colony at Kunta Kinteh Island, St Andrew's Island in the Gambia River to representatives of King Charles II, in return for keeping possession of the Caribbean island of Tobago. * December 3 – The English warships HMS Nonsuch (1660), HMS ''Nonsuch'' and HMS Phoenix (1660), HMS ''Phoenix'' are wrecked in a storm at Gibraltar. * December 20 – All but 3 members of the over 200-person crew of the Dutch ship ''Kennemerland (1664), Kennemerland'' are killed when the trade ship sinks in a storm near the Out Skerries islands off of the coast of Scotland.

Date unknown

* Austere reforms introduced in the Cistercians, Cistercian La Trappe Abbey in Normandy by Armand de Rancé, origin of the Trappists. * John Evelyn's ''Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-Trees and the Propagation of Timber'' is published in London, in book form.

Births

* January 1 – Alvise Pisani, 114th Doge of Venice (d. 1741) * January 4 – Lars Roberg, Swedish physician (d. 1742) * January 14 ** Johann Jakob Schudt, German theologian (d. 1722) ** Simon van Slingelandt, Grand Pensionary of Holland (d. 1736) * January 15 – Jean Meslier, French Catholic priest, later discovered to have promoted atheism (d. 1729) * January 17 – Antonio Salvi, Italian poet (d. 1724) * January 20 – Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina, Italian writer and jurist (d. 1718) * January 24 – John Vanbrugh, English architect and dramatist (d. 1726) * February 6 – Mustafa II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1703) * February 8 – William Seymour (British Army officer, born 1664), William Seymour, British politician (d. 1728) * February 13 – Teodor Andrzej Potocki, Polish noble (d. 1738) * February 23 – Georg Dietrich Leyding, German composer and organist (d. 1710) * February 24 (baptized) – Thomas Newcomen, English inventor (d. 1729) *

– Nicolas Fatio de Duillier, Swiss mathematician (d. 1753) * March 4 – Juan de Esteyneffer, Moravian German lay Jesuit missionary sent to the New World (d. 1716) * March 11 – Jørgen Otto Brockenhuus, Dano-Norwegian officer (d. 1728) *

– Moritz Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz (d. 1718) * March 14 – Silvio Stampiglia, Italian poet and opera librettist (d. 1725) * March 17 – Georg Österreich, German composer and music collector (d. 1735) * March 20 – Johann Homann, German cartographer (d. 1724) * April 5 – Élisabeth Thérèse de Lorraine, French noblewoman, Princess of Epinoy by marriage (d. 1748) * April 6 ** Arvid Horn, Swedish politician (d. 1742) ** Gustaf Cronhielm, Swedish politician (d. 1737) * April 11 – Pierce Lewis, Welsh cleric who helped to "correct" the 1690 edition of the Welsh Bible (d. 1699) *

– Ulrik Adolf Holstein, Danish nobleman and statesman (d. 1737) * April 30 – François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general (d. 1709) * May 6 – Bhai Bachittar Singh, Indian Sikh martyr (d. 1705) * May 10 – Tørres Christensen, Norwegian merchant (d. 1721) * May 20 – Andreas Schlüter, German architect and sculptor (d. 1714) * May 30 – Giulio Alberoni, Italian cardinal and statesman (d. 1754) *

– Rachel Ruysch, painter from the Northern Netherlands (d. 1750) * June 7 ** Edward Harley (1664–1735), Edward Harley, English politician (d. 1735) ** Henry Dawnay, 2nd Viscount Downe, Irish peer (d. 1741) * June 22 – Johann Ernst III, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (d. 1707) *

– François Pourfour du Petit, French anatomist, ophthalmologist and surgeon (d. 1741) * June 28 – Nicolas Bernier, French composer (d. 1734) * July 3 – James Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby, English politician (d. 1736) * July 11 – James Ogilvy, 4th Earl of Findlater (d. 1730) * July 16 – Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois (d. 1666) * July 18 – Count Palatine Francis Louis of Neuburg, Hochmeister of the Teutonic Order (d. 1732) * July 21 – Matthew Prior, English poet and diplomat (d. 1721) * August 2 – Philip Reinhard, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg (d. 1712) * August 4 – Louis Lully, French composer (d. 1734) * August 12 – Magnus Stenbock, Swedish noble (d. 1717) * August 20 – János Pálffy, Hungarian field marshal, Palatine (d. 1751) * August 24 ** Christen Thomesen Sehested, Danish admiral (d. 1736) ** Willem Adriaan van der Stel, Dutch colonial administrator (d. 1733) * September 5 ** Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield, illegitimate daughter of King

(d. 1718) ** Vincenzo Ludovico Gotti, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1742) ** Louis Antoine de Pardaillan de Gondrin, French duke (d. 1736) * September 7 ** Johann Georg von Eckhart, German historian (d. 1730) ** Thomas Morgan (of Dderw), Thomas Morgan, English politician (d. 1700) * September 9 – Johann Christoph Pez, German composer (d. 1716) * September 14 – John Blackadder (soldier), John Blackadder, Scottish soldier (d. 1729) * September 18 – Anton Maria Maragliano, Italian artist (d. 1739) * October 3 – Giuseppe Alberti, Italian painter (d. 1716) * October 12 – Praskovia Saltykova, Russian tsarina (d. 1723) * October 16 – Abraham Alewijn, Dutch playwright (d. 1721) * October 18 – George Compton, 4th Earl of Northampton (d. 1727) * October 27 – Thomas Johnson (Liverpool merchant), Thomas Johnson, English politician (d. 1728) * October 31 – Sir Wilfrid Lawson, 2nd Baronet, of Isell, English politician (d. 1704) * November 9 ** Johann Speth, German composer (d. 1719) ** Henry Wharton (writer), Henry Wharton, English writer (d. 1695) * November 12 – Marie-Jeanne L'Héritier, French writer (d. 1734) * November 16 – Louise Marie Thérèse (The Black Nun of Moret), Louise Marie Thérèse, French Benedictine nun (d. 1732) * November 18 – Charles of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1688) * November 24 – Margherita Maria Farnese, Italian noblewoman (d. 1718) * December 10 – John Williams (New England minister), John Williams, American clergy (d. 1729) * December 13 – Countess Charlotte Johanna of Waldeck-Wildungen, German noblewoman (d. 1699) * December 15 – Azim-ush-Shan, Mughal prince (d. 1712) * December 17 – Henry Bayntun (died 1691), Henry Bayntun, English politician (d. 1691) * December 26 – Johann Melchior Dinglinger, German goldsmith (d. 1731) * ''date unknown'' – Johanna Dorothea Lindenaer, Dutch writer and agent (d. 1737) ** Catherine Jérémie, French-Canadian botanist (d. 1744) ** Maria Guyomar de Pinha, Siamese cook (d. 1728)

Deaths

* January 10 – Antoon Sanders, Dutch priest and historian (b. 1586) * January 14 – Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans, French princess (b. 1648) * January 27 – Archduke Charles Joseph of Austria, Roman Catholic bishop (b.

) * January 30 – Cornelis de Graeff, Dutch mayor (b. 1599) * February 16 – Sir John Trelawny, 1st Baronet, British baronet (b. 1592) * February 20 – Corfitz Ulfeldt, Danish statesman (b. 1606) *

– Emmanuel Stupanus, Swiss physician (b. 1587) * March 7 – Bernhard von Mallinckrodt, German bibliophile (b. 1591) * March 16 – Ivan Vyhovsky, Ukrainian Cossack leader *

– Francisco de Araujo, Spanish theologian (b. 1580) * March 30 – Guru Har Krishan, 8th Guru of Sikhism (b. 1656) * March 31 – Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby, English defender of Latham House (b. 1599) * April 4 – Adam Willaerts, Dutch painter (b. 1577) * April 24 – Silvius I Nimrod, Duke of Württemberg-Oels (b. 1622) * May 19 – Elisabeth de Bourbon-Vendôme, French princess (b. 1614) * May 21 – Elizabeth Poole, Puritan and business woman (b. c. 1599) * June 1 – Michiel Sweerts, Flemish painter (b. 1618) * June 2 – Henry II, Duke of Guise (b. 1614) * June 22 – Katherine Philips, Anglo-Welsh poet (b. 1631) * July – Jan Janssonius, Dutch cartographer (b. 1588) * July 4 – George III of Brieg, Duke of Brzeg (1633–1664) (b. 1611) * July 15 – Abraham Ecchellensis, Lebanese Maronite philosopher (b. 1605) * July 12 – Stefano della Bella, Italian printmaker (b. 1610) * July 16 – Andreas Gryphius, German writer (b. 1616) * July 19 – Egbert van der Poel, Dutch painter (b. 1621) * July 31 – Goschwin Nickel, Jesuit leader (b. 1582) * August 3 – Jacopo Vignali, Italian painter (b. 1592) * August 16 – Johannes Buxtorf II, Swiss theologian (b. 1599) * August 23 – Jean Bagot, French theologian (b. 1591) * August 24 – Maria Cunitz, Silesian astronomer (b. 1610) *

– Francisco de Zurbarán, Spanish painter (b. 1598) * September 2 – Antoine de Laloubère, French Jesuit mathematician (b. 1600) * October 31 – William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, Dutch stadtholder (b. 1613) * November 2 – George Ghica, Prince of Moldavia and Wallachia (b. 1600) * November 17 – Nicolas Perrot d'Ablancourt, Translator (b. 1606) * November 18 – Miklós Zrínyi, Croatian and Hungarian military leader, statesman (b. 1620) * December 15 – Dietrich Reinkingk, German lawyer and politician (b. 1590) * December 25 – Niccolò Ludovisi, Prince of Piombino (b. 1613) * December 26 – Eleonore Dorothea of Anhalt-Dessau, Duchess of Saxe-Weimar by marriage (b. 1602) * ''date unknown'' – Gu Mei, politically influential Chinese Gējì, poet and painter (b. 1619)

References

Sources

* {{DEFAULTSORT:1664 1664, Leap years in the Gregorian calendar